CN112314783A - High-density bream and crucian carp polyculture compound feed and use method thereof - Google Patents

High-density bream and crucian carp polyculture compound feed and use method thereof Download PDF

Info

Publication number
CN112314783A
CN112314783A CN202011391201.0A CN202011391201A CN112314783A CN 112314783 A CN112314783 A CN 112314783A CN 202011391201 A CN202011391201 A CN 202011391201A CN 112314783 A CN112314783 A CN 112314783A
Authority
CN
China
Prior art keywords
feed
bream
crucian
compound
vitamin
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Pending
Application number
CN202011391201.0A
Other languages
Chinese (zh)
Inventor
陈文典
张璐
米海峰
吴业阳
薛春雨
尹恒
刘海
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Tongwei Co Ltd
Original Assignee
Tongwei Co Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Tongwei Co Ltd filed Critical Tongwei Co Ltd
Priority to CN202011391201.0A priority Critical patent/CN112314783A/en
Publication of CN112314783A publication Critical patent/CN112314783A/en
Pending legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23K—FODDER
    • A23K50/00—Feeding-stuffs specially adapted for particular animals
    • A23K50/80—Feeding-stuffs specially adapted for particular animals for aquatic animals, e.g. fish, crustaceans or molluscs
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23K—FODDER
    • A23K10/00—Animal feeding-stuffs
    • A23K10/10—Animal feeding-stuffs obtained by microbiological or biochemical processes
    • A23K10/16—Addition of microorganisms or extracts thereof, e.g. single-cell proteins, to feeding-stuff compositions
    • A23K10/18—Addition of microorganisms or extracts thereof, e.g. single-cell proteins, to feeding-stuff compositions of live microorganisms
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23K—FODDER
    • A23K10/00—Animal feeding-stuffs
    • A23K10/20—Animal feeding-stuffs from material of animal origin
    • A23K10/22—Animal feeding-stuffs from material of animal origin from fish
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23K—FODDER
    • A23K10/00—Animal feeding-stuffs
    • A23K10/30—Animal feeding-stuffs from material of plant origin, e.g. roots, seeds or hay; from material of fungal origin, e.g. mushrooms
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23K—FODDER
    • A23K10/00—Animal feeding-stuffs
    • A23K10/30—Animal feeding-stuffs from material of plant origin, e.g. roots, seeds or hay; from material of fungal origin, e.g. mushrooms
    • A23K10/37—Animal feeding-stuffs from material of plant origin, e.g. roots, seeds or hay; from material of fungal origin, e.g. mushrooms from waste material
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23K—FODDER
    • A23K20/00—Accessory food factors for animal feeding-stuffs
    • A23K20/10—Organic substances
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23K—FODDER
    • A23K20/00—Accessory food factors for animal feeding-stuffs
    • A23K20/10—Organic substances
    • A23K20/105—Aliphatic or alicyclic compounds
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23K—FODDER
    • A23K20/00—Accessory food factors for animal feeding-stuffs
    • A23K20/10—Organic substances
    • A23K20/142—Amino acids; Derivatives thereof
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23K—FODDER
    • A23K20/00—Accessory food factors for animal feeding-stuffs
    • A23K20/10—Organic substances
    • A23K20/158—Fatty acids; Fats; Products containing oils or fats
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23K—FODDER
    • A23K20/00—Accessory food factors for animal feeding-stuffs
    • A23K20/10—Organic substances
    • A23K20/163—Sugars; Polysaccharides
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23K—FODDER
    • A23K20/00—Accessory food factors for animal feeding-stuffs
    • A23K20/10—Organic substances
    • A23K20/174—Vitamins
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23K—FODDER
    • A23K20/00—Accessory food factors for animal feeding-stuffs
    • A23K20/20—Inorganic substances, e.g. oligoelements
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23K—FODDER
    • A23K20/00—Accessory food factors for animal feeding-stuffs
    • A23K20/20—Inorganic substances, e.g. oligoelements
    • A23K20/26—Compounds containing phosphorus
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23K—FODDER
    • A23K20/00—Accessory food factors for animal feeding-stuffs
    • A23K20/20—Inorganic substances, e.g. oligoelements
    • A23K20/30—Oligoelements
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
    • Y02A40/80—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in fisheries management
    • Y02A40/81—Aquaculture, e.g. of fish
    • Y02A40/818—Alternative feeds for fish, e.g. in aquacultures
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P60/00—Technologies relating to agriculture, livestock or agroalimentary industries
    • Y02P60/80—Food processing, e.g. use of renewable energies or variable speed drives in handling, conveying or stacking
    • Y02P60/87—Re-use of by-products of food processing for fodder production

Landscapes

  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Animal Husbandry (AREA)
  • Food Science & Technology (AREA)
  • Zoology (AREA)
  • Molecular Biology (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Biotechnology (AREA)
  • Physiology (AREA)
  • Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Microbiology (AREA)
  • Biomedical Technology (AREA)
  • Mycology (AREA)
  • Botany (AREA)
  • Marine Sciences & Fisheries (AREA)
  • Insects & Arthropods (AREA)
  • Proteomics, Peptides & Aminoacids (AREA)
  • Birds (AREA)
  • Biochemistry (AREA)
  • Feed For Specific Animals (AREA)
  • Fodder In General (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses a high-density bream and crucian carp polyculture compound feed and a using method thereof, wherein the compound feed comprises 10-15% of 65% steam fish meal, 15-25% of 46% soybean meal, 2-5% of fermented soybean meal, 15-25% of rapeseed meal, 12-20% of flour, 5-10% of full-fat rice bran, 1-5% of soybean oil, 2-3% of monocalcium phosphate, 0.2% of choline chloride, 0.2-0.3% of 98% lysine, 0.05% of methionine, 0.2% of salt, 0.2% of sodium humate, 0.04% of compound microecological preparation, 0.05% of immunopotentiator, Vc0.05%, 0.2-0.3% of compound vitamin, 2-2.5% of compound mineral salt and 0.1-0.3% of bile acid. The invention uses the combination of the expanded floating material and the granulated feed, separately calculates the bait feeding rate, effectively promotes the health of the bream, enables the bream to be healthy and rapidly increased, controls the feed intake of the crucian and ensures the health of the crucian at the bottom layer.

Description

High-density bream and crucian carp polyculture compound feed and use method thereof
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of fishery breeding, in particular to high-density bream and crucian polyculture compound feed and a use method thereof.
Background
With the increase of the fixed cost of cultivation: the area of the pond mouth is reduced, the rent is increased, the investment of fixed facilities is increased, the personnel cost is increased, and the management cost is increased; risks in the breeding industry are continuously increased, in order to improve breeding benefits, a high-density breeding mode is often adopted, but after high-density breeding, diseases are frequent, and especially bacterial hemorrhagic disease of bream and bloody gill and gill of crucian carp are prominent.
Meanwhile, the fluctuation of fish prices, the reduction of the market consumption end demand of large conventional varieties and the serious decline of profits also increase the difficulty of fishery culture, but in 6-8 months every year, breams have one-wave current-year high-level market conditions, and how to improve the yield of hot water fish is the key for ensuring the culture benefit. In the traditional culture mode and the application of the feed, the crucian is easy to attack diseases in the early stage, so that the feeding amount is reduced, and the specifications of the bream and the crucian are not ideal in the later stage.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above problems, the invention aims to provide a high-density bream and crucian carp mixed culture compound feed and a use method thereof.
According to the purpose of the invention, the invention provides the following technical scheme:
the high-density bream and crucian carp mixed culture compound feed comprises the following raw materials in percentage by weight: 10-15% of 65% steam fish meal, 15-25% of 46% soybean meal, 2-5% of fermented soybean meal, 15-25% of rapeseed meal, 12-20% of flour, 5-10% of full cream rice bran, 1-5% of soybean oil, 2-3% of monocalcium phosphate, 0.2% of choline chloride, 0.2-0.3% of 98% lysine, 0.05% of methionine, 0.2% of salt, 0.2% of sodium humate, 0.04% of composite microecological preparation, 0.05% of immunopotentiator, 0.05% of Vc0.3%, 0.2-0.3% of composite vitamin, 2-2.5% of composite mineral salt and 0.1-0.3% of bile acid.
Further, comprising expanded float and pellet feed, wherein:
the puffed floating material comprises the following raw materials in percentage by weight: 12% of 65% steam fish meal, 20% of 46% peeled soybean meal, 3% of fermented soybean meal, 23% of seed-added vegetable meal, 18% of flour, 4% of DDGS, 10% of full-fat rice bran, 3% of soybean oil, 3% of monocalcium phosphate, 0.2% of choline chloride, 0.3% of 98% lysine, 0.05% of methionine, 0.1% of salt, 0.2% of sodium humate, 0.05% of compound microecologics, 0.05% of immunopotentiator, 0.05% of Vc0.05%, 0.3% of compound vitamin, 2.5% of compound mineral salt and 0.2% of bile acid;
the pellet feed comprises the following raw materials in percentage by weight: 15% of 65% of steam fish meal, 20% of 46% of peeled soybean meal, 3% of fermented soybean meal, 20% of added seed rapeseed meal, 12% of flour, 4% of DDGS, 16% of full cream rice bran, 4% of soybean oil, 2.4% of monocalcium phosphate, 0.2% of choline chloride, 0.3% of 98% of lysine, 0.05% of methionine, 0.3% of salt, 0.2% of sodium humate, 0.05% of composite microecological preparation, 0.05% of immunopotentiator, 0.05% of Vc0.05%, 0.2% of composite vitamin, 2% of composite mineral salt and 0.2% of bile acid.
Furthermore, each kilogram of the compound vitamin comprises 5000-9000KIU of vitamin A, more than or equal to 6000mg of vitamin B1, more than or equal to 8000mg of vitamin B2, more than or equal to 6000mg of vitamin B6, more than or equal to 20mg of vitamin B12, 31800-2500KIU of vitamin D, more than or equal to 30000mg of vitamin E, more than or equal to 3000mg of vitamin K3, more than or equal to 2000mg of folic acid, more than or equal to 80000mg of inositol, more than or equal to 25000mg of nicotinamide or more than or equal to 20000mg of pantothenic acid.
Furthermore, each kilogram of the compound mineral comprises 4-6g of zinc, more than or equal to 15g of iron, more than or equal to 1g of manganese, 0.1-0.3g of copper, 0.01-0.05g of cobalt, 0.02-0.03g of selenium or 0.03-0.15g of iodine.
Further, the composite microecological preparation comprises bacillus subtilis more than or equal to 1 x 109CFU/g, more than or equal to 1 x 10 of bacillus licheniformis9CFU/g or enterococcus faecalis ≥ 1 x 109CFU/g。
Further, the immunopotentiator comprises more than or equal to 20% of mannan oligosaccharide and more than or equal to 8% of glucan.
The use method of the high-density bream and crucian carp mixed culture compound feed comprises the following steps:
step 1: breeding mode
The method has the advantages that water bodies are fully utilized, bream and crucian are mixedly cultured, bream and crucian hot water are mainly used, the mode of large-size fish production in winter is combined, and the yield and profit of conventional edible fish are guaranteed by utilizing the difference of peak-off fish production, specification difference and material using mode; the silver carp and the bighead carp keep stable water quality and increase efficiency; intercropping the pelteobagrus fulvidraco into synergistic fish;
step 2: material using mode
In the months of 4-7, the expanded floating material is taken as the main material, the pellet feed is taken as the auxiliary material, and the proportion of the expanded floating material to the pellet feed is 7:3, ensuring the health and specification of bream, controlling the feed intake of crucian and ensuring the survival rate of crucian;
in 8-11 months, the pellet feed is taken as a main material, the expanded floating material is taken as an auxiliary material, and the proportion of the expanded floating material to the pellet feed is 3: 7, ensuring the marketing specifications of the crucian and the bream;
and step 3: water quality management
Taking fertilizer water and stable water as main materials, taking fertilizer water and stable water as main materials in 4-7 months, taking 10 days/time in 4-5 months and taking 15 days/time in 6-7 months; stable water is mainly used in 8-10 months, fungi and algae are supplemented in 10-15 days, and carbon sources are supplemented appropriately;
the bottom modification is mainly biological bottom modification, and 15 days are carried out per time;
and (3) oxygenation equipment: a 3KW impeller type aerator is arranged in 3 mu, and micropores are laid in a material platform area for aeration;
the indexes in water require: the dissolved oxygen in the water body of the culture pond is more than 5mg/L, the pH value of the water body of the culture pond is controlled to be 7.8-8.5, the transparency of the water body of the culture pond is 30-50cm, the content of ammonia nitrogen in the water body of the culture pond is less than 0.5mg/L, the content of nitrite is less than 0.15mg/L, and the content of hydrogen sulfide is less than 0.1 mg/L.
Further, in the step 2, when the bait casting rate is calculated, the bait casting rate is determined according to the water temperature change and the climate, the expanded floating materials in the months of 4-7 are calculated according to the weight of bream, the bait casting rate is 1.5-2.5%, the granulated feed is calculated according to the weight of crucian, and the bait casting rate is 1-1.5%;
in 8-11 months, the expanded floating material and the pellet feed are calculated according to the total weight of the eaten fish, and the feeding rate is 2-2.5%; in the total feeding amount, 20-30% of the feed is fermented for use, the puffed floating material is fermented in 4-7 months, and the pellet feed is fermented in 8-11 months;
the fermented feed takes feed mainly fed at a pond mouth as a raw material, and is prepared into a fermented finished product for use according to a standard fermentation process, wherein the water content is controlled within 40%;
the fermentation process comprises the following steps:
a. fermentation strain: fermenting strains one day ahead, wherein the number of the strains reaches billions, fermenting by adopting special lactobacillus plantarum, fermenting the feed by using the stock solution, occupying high strains, avoiding the propagation of harmful bacteria, avoiding the feed from mildewing in high-temperature seasons, avoiding high-temperature seasons, and performing strain propagation and fermentation by adopting bacterium powder;
b. adding brown sugar to activate mass propagation of strains, adding yeast for fermentation, and thoroughly fermenting;
c. atomizing and spraying the bacterial liquid on the feed, uniformly stirring for 30 minutes until the particles are soft and the integrity is guaranteed, and the particles cannot be caked and adhered, then filling and sealing the feed by using a breathing bag, and using the feed for 3-7 days according to the fermentation condition.
Further, in the step a, the fermentation strains mainly comprise intestinal canal repair and strain occupationThe three effects of protecting liver and gallbladder and preventing and controlling water quality are achieved, wherein the content of small peptide is 15% -20%, and the number of effective viable bacteria is more than or equal to 1 × 108CFU/gram.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. the invention relates to a high-density bream and crucian carp mixed culture compound feed and a using method thereof.A combination of expanded floating materials and granular feeds is used, and the bait casting rate is separately calculated, so that the health of bream is effectively promoted, the health and the rapid growth of bream are realized, the feed intake of crucian carps is controlled, and the health of crucian carps at the bottom layer is ensured;
2. according to the high-density bream and crucian carp mixed culture compound feed and the use method thereof, the combination of the granular feed and the expanded floating materials is used, so that the health of the crucian carps and the bream is effectively guaranteed, the crucian carps and the bream grow healthily and rapidly, and the specification differentiation is formed at the end of the year;
3. the high-density bream and crucian carp polyculture compound feed and the use method thereof can ensure that the yield of the eating fish is high, the water quality and fertility are stable, the yield of the synergistic fish is improved, and conversely, the water quality is more stable, and the benefit is obviously improved.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Example 1
The high-density bream and crucian carp mixed culture compound feed comprises the following raw materials in percentage by weight: 10% of 65% steam fish meal, 15% of 46% soybean meal, 2% of fermented soybean meal, 15% of rapeseed meal, 12% of flour, 5% of full cream rice bran, 1% of soybean oil, 2% of monocalcium phosphate, 0.2% of choline chloride, 0.2% of 98% of lysine, 0.05% of methionine, 0.2% of salt, 0.2% of sodium humate, 0.04% of composite microecological preparation, 0.05% of immunopotentiator, 0.05% of Vc0.05%, 0.2% of composite vitamin, 2% of composite mineral salt and 0.1% of bile acid.
Example 2
The high-density bream and crucian carp mixed culture compound feed comprises the following raw materials in percentage by weight: 15% of 65% of steam fish meal, 25% of 46% of soybean meal, 5% of fermented soybean meal, 25% of rapeseed meal, 20% of flour, 10% of full cream rice bran, 5% of soybean oil, 3% of monocalcium phosphate, 0.2% of choline chloride, 0.3% of 98% of lysine, 0.05% of methionine, 0.2% of salt, 0.2% of sodium humate, 0.04% of composite microecological preparation, 0.05% of immunopotentiator, 0.05% of Vc0.05%, 0.3% of composite vitamin, 2.5% of composite mineral salt and 0.3% of bile acid.
Example 3
The high-density bream and crucian carp mixed culture compound feed comprises expanded floating materials and pellet feed, wherein:
the expanded floating material comprises the following raw materials in percentage by weight: 12% of 65% steam fish meal, 20% of 46% peeled soybean meal, 3% of fermented soybean meal, 23% of seed-added vegetable meal, 18% of flour, 4% of DDGS, 10% of full-fat rice bran, 3% of soybean oil, 3% of monocalcium phosphate, 0.2% of choline chloride, 0.3% of 98% lysine, 0.05% of methionine, 0.1% of salt, 0.2% of sodium humate, 0.05% of compound microecologics, 0.05% of immunopotentiator, 0.05% of Vc0.05%, 0.3% of compound vitamin, 2.5% of compound mineral salt and 0.2% of bile acid;
the pellet feed comprises the following raw materials in percentage by weight: 15% of 65% of steam fish meal, 20% of 46% of peeled soybean meal, 3% of fermented soybean meal, 20% of added seed rapeseed meal, 12% of flour, 4% of DDGS, 16% of full cream rice bran, 4% of soybean oil, 2.4% of monocalcium phosphate, 0.2% of choline chloride, 0.3% of 98% of lysine, 0.05% of methionine, 0.3% of salt, 0.2% of sodium humate, 0.05% of composite microecological preparation, 0.05% of immunopotentiator, 0.05% of Vc0.05%, 0.2% of composite vitamin, 2% of composite mineral salt and 0.2% of bile acid.
In the above examples 1-3, each kg of multivitamin composition comprises 5000-9000KIU of vitamin A, not less than 6000mg of vitamin B1, not less than 8000mg of vitamin B2, not less than 6000mg of vitamin B6, not less than 20mg of vitamin B12, 31800-2500KIU of vitamin D, not less than 30000mg of vitamin E, not less than 3000mg of vitamin K3, not less than 2000mg of folic acid, not less than 80000mg of inositol, not less than 25000mg of nicotinamide or not less than 20000mg of pantothenic acid.
Each kilogram of the compound mineral comprises 4 to 6g of zinc, more than or equal to 15g of iron, more than or equal to 1g of manganese, 0.1 to 0.3g of copper, 0.01 to 0.05g of cobalt, 0.02 to 0.03g of selenium or 0.03 to 0.15g of iodine.
The composite microecological preparation comprises bacillus subtilis more than or equal to 1 x 109CFU/g, more than or equal to 1 x 10 of bacillus licheniformis9CFU/g or enterococcus faecalis ≥ 1 x 109CFU/g。
The immunopotentiator comprises mannooligosaccharide and dextran. The immunopotentiator comprises more than or equal to 20 percent of mannan oligosaccharide and more than or equal to 8 percent of glucan.
Example 4
A use method of a high-density bream and crucian carp mixed culture compound feed comprises the following steps:
step 1: breeding mode
The method has the advantages that water bodies are fully utilized, bream and crucian are mixedly cultured, bream and crucian hot water are mainly used, the mode of large-size fish production in winter is combined, and the yield and the profit of conventional edible fish are ensured by utilizing the difference of peak-off fish production, specification difference, material using mode and material using mode; the silver carp and the bighead carp keep stable water quality and increase efficiency; intercropping the pelteobagrus fulvidraco into synergistic fish; the yield of the spotted silver carps is stabilized to be more than 500 jin/mu, and the stability and the efficiency improvement of water quality are kept; increasing the intercropping of the pelteobagrus fulvidraco to be used as the bottom synergistic fish; as shown in table 1, the stocking mode is recommended:
Figure BDA0002812874950000061
Figure BDA0002812874950000071
step 2: material using mode
In the months of 4-7, the expanded floating material is taken as the main material, the pellet feed is taken as the auxiliary material, and the proportion of the expanded floating material to the pellet feed is 7:3, ensuring the health and specification of bream, controlling the feed intake of crucian and ensuring the survival rate of crucian;
in 8-11 months, the pellet feed is taken as a main material, the expanded floating material is taken as an auxiliary material, and the proportion of the expanded floating material to the pellet feed is 3: 7, ensuring the marketing specifications of the crucian and the bream;
when the bait casting rate is calculated, the bait casting rate is determined according to the water temperature change and the climate, the expanded floating materials in 4-7 months are calculated according to the weight of bream, the bait casting rate is 1.5-2.5%, the granulated feed is calculated according to the weight of crucian, and the bait casting rate is 1-1.5%;
in 8-11 months, the expanded floating material and the pellet feed are calculated according to the total weight of the eaten fish, and the feeding rate is 2-2.5%; in the total feeding amount, 20-30% of the feed is fermented for use, the puffed floating material is fermented in 4-7 months, and the pellet feed is fermented in 8-11 months;
the fermented feed takes feed mainly fed at a pond mouth as a raw material, and is prepared into a fermented finished product for use according to a standard fermentation process, wherein the water content is controlled within 40%;
the fermentation process comprises the following steps:
a. fermentation strain: fermenting strains one day ahead, wherein the number of the strains reaches billions, fermenting by adopting special lactobacillus plantarum, fermenting the feed by using the stock solution, occupying high strains, avoiding the propagation of harmful bacteria, avoiding the feed from mildewing in high-temperature seasons, avoiding high-temperature seasons, and performing strain propagation and fermentation by adopting bacterium powder;
the fermentation strain has the triple effects of repairing intestinal tract, occupying strain, protecting liver and gallbladder and preventing and controlling water quality, wherein the content of small peptide is 15-20%, and the number of effective viable bacteria is more than or equal to 1 multiplied by 108CFU/g;
b. adding brown sugar to activate mass propagation of strains, adding yeast for fermentation, and thoroughly fermenting;
c. atomizing and spraying the bacterial liquid on the feed, uniformly stirring for 30 minutes until the particles are soft and the integrity is guaranteed, and the particles cannot be caked and adhered, then filling and sealing by using a breathing bag, and using the bacterial liquid for 3-7 days according to the fermentation condition
And step 3: water quality management
Taking fertilizer water and stable water as main materials, taking fertilizer water and stable water as main materials in 4-7 months, taking 10 days/time in 4-5 months and taking 15 days/time in 6-7 months; stable water is mainly used in 8-10 months, fungi and algae are supplemented in 10-15 days, and carbon sources are supplemented appropriately;
the bottom modification is mainly biological bottom modification, and 15 days are carried out per time;
and (3) oxygenation equipment: a 3KW impeller type aerator is arranged in 3 mu, and micropores are laid in a material platform area for aeration;
the indexes in water require: the dissolved oxygen in the water body of the culture pond is more than 5mg/L, the pH value of the water body of the culture pond is controlled to be 7.8-8.5, the transparency of the water body of the culture pond is 30-50cm, the content of ammonia nitrogen in the water body of the culture pond is less than 0.5mg/L, the content of nitrite is less than 0.15mg/L, and the content of hydrogen sulfide is less than 0.1 mg/L.
The invention has the following advantages through the technical scheme:
1. in 4-7 months, the combination (7:3) of expanded floating materials (including fermentation materials) and granular feed is used, and the bait feeding rate is separately calculated, so that the health of the bream is effectively promoted, the health and the rapid growth of the bream are realized, the feed intake of crucian is controlled, and the health of the crucian at the bottom layer is ensured;
2. in 8-11 months, the combination (7:3) of granular feed (including fermentation material) and expanded floating material is used, so that the health of crucian and bream is effectively guaranteed, the crucian and bream grow healthily and rapidly, and specification differentiation is formed at the end of the year;
3. the yield of the eating fish is high, the water quality and the fertility are stable, the yield of the synergistic fish is improved, the water quality is more stable, and the benefit is obviously improved.
Example 5 comparison of the present application with the original mode of cultivation
Original breeding mode
Figure BDA0002812874950000081
Figure BDA0002812874950000091
The existing culture mode is as follows:
Figure BDA0002812874950000092
the two modes are compared:
1. the bream is bred in large scale, the density is properly reduced, hot water fish is sold midway, and the large-scale bream is sold at the bottom of the year;
2. the stocking density of the crucian is increased, the hot water fish is sold midway, the density of the crucian is reduced, and the disease risk of the crucian is reduced;
3. doubling the density and the yield of the silver carps and the bighead carps;
4. increasing the intercropping of the pelteobagrus fulvidraco.
The above description is only for the purpose of illustrating the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not to be construed as limiting the invention, and any modifications, equivalents and improvements made within the spirit and principle of the present invention are intended to be included within the scope of the present invention.

Claims (9)

1. The high-density bream and crucian carp mixed culture compound feed is characterized by comprising the following raw materials in percentage by weight: 10-15% of 65% steam fish meal, 15-25% of 46% soybean meal, 2-5% of fermented soybean meal, 15-25% of rapeseed meal, 12-20% of flour, 5-10% of full cream rice bran, 1-5% of soybean oil, 2-3% of monocalcium phosphate, 0.2% of choline chloride, 0.2-0.3% of 98% lysine, 0.05% of methionine, 0.2% of salt, 0.2% of sodium humate, 0.04% of composite microecological preparation, 0.05% of immunopotentiator, 0.05% of Vc0.3%, 0.2-0.3% of composite vitamin, 2-2.5% of composite mineral salt and 0.1-0.3% of bile acid.
2. The high-density bream and crucian carp mixed culture compound feed as claimed in claim 1, which comprises expanded floating materials and pellet feed, wherein:
the puffed floating material comprises the following raw materials in percentage by weight: 12% of 65% steam fish meal, 20% of 46% peeled soybean meal, 3% of fermented soybean meal, 23% of seed-added vegetable meal, 18% of flour, 4% of DDGS, 10% of full-fat rice bran, 3% of soybean oil, 3% of monocalcium phosphate, 0.2% of choline chloride, 0.3% of 98% lysine, 0.05% of methionine, 0.1% of salt, 0.2% of sodium humate, 0.05% of compound microecologics, 0.05% of immunopotentiator, 0.05% of Vc0.05%, 0.3% of compound vitamin, 2.5% of compound mineral salt and 0.2% of bile acid;
the pellet feed comprises the following raw materials in percentage by weight: 15% of 65% of steam fish meal, 20% of 46% of peeled soybean meal, 3% of fermented soybean meal, 20% of added seed rapeseed meal, 12% of flour, 4% of DDGS, 16% of full cream rice bran, 4% of soybean oil, 2.4% of monocalcium phosphate, 0.2% of choline chloride, 0.3% of 98% of lysine, 0.05% of methionine, 0.3% of salt, 0.2% of sodium humate, 0.05% of composite microecological preparation, 0.05% of immunopotentiator, 0.05% of Vc0.05%, 0.2% of composite vitamin, 2% of composite mineral salt and 0.2% of bile acid.
3. The high-density bream and crucian carp mixed culture compound feed as claimed in claim 1, wherein each kilogram of the compound vitamins comprises 5000-9000KIU of vitamin A, 6000mg or more of vitamin B1, 8000mg or more of vitamin B2, 6000mg or more of vitamin B6, 20mg or more of vitamin B12, 31800-2500KIU of vitamin D, 30000mg or more of vitamin E, 3000mg or more of vitamin K3, 2000mg or more of folic acid, 80000mg or more of inositol, 25000mg or more of nicotinamide or more of pantothenic acid or more of 20000 mg.
4. The high-density bream and crucian carp mixed culture compound feed as claimed in claim 1, wherein each kilogram of the compound minerals comprises 4-6g of zinc, more than or equal to 15g of iron, more than or equal to 1g of manganese, 0.1-0.3g of copper, 0.01-0.05g of cobalt, 0.02-0.03g of selenium or 0.03-0.15g of iodine.
5. The high-density bream and crucian carp mixed culture compound feed as claimed in claim 1, wherein the compound microecologics comprise bacillus subtilis at least 1 x 109CFU/g, more than or equal to 1 x 10 of bacillus licheniformis9CFU/g or enterococcus faecalis ≥ 1 x 109CFU/g。
6. The high-density bream and crucian carp mixed culture compound feed as claimed in claim 1, wherein the immunopotentiator comprises not less than 20% of mannan-oligosaccharide and not less than 8% of glucan.
7. The use method of the high-density bream and crucian carp mixed culture compound feed as claimed in any one of claims 2 to 6, wherein the use method comprises the following steps:
step 1: breeding mode
The method has the advantages that water bodies are fully utilized, bream and crucian are mixedly cultured, bream and crucian hot water are mainly used, the mode of large-size fish production in winter is combined, and the yield and profit of conventional edible fish are guaranteed by utilizing the difference of peak-off fish production, specification difference and material using mode; the silver carp and the bighead carp keep stable water quality and increase efficiency; intercropping the pelteobagrus fulvidraco into synergistic fish;
step 2: material using mode
In the months of 4-7, the expanded floating material is taken as the main material, the pellet feed is taken as the auxiliary material, and the proportion of the expanded floating material to the pellet feed is 7:3, ensuring the health and specification of bream, controlling the feed intake of crucian and ensuring the survival rate of crucian;
in 8-11 months, the pellet feed is taken as a main material, the expanded floating material is taken as an auxiliary material, and the proportion of the expanded floating material to the pellet feed is 3: 7, ensuring the marketing specifications of the crucian and the bream;
and step 3: water quality management
Taking fertilizer water and stable water as main materials, taking fertilizer water and stable water as main materials in 4-7 months, taking 10 days/time in 4-5 months and taking 15 days/time in 6-7 months; stable water is mainly used in 8-10 months, fungi and algae are supplemented in 10-15 days, and carbon sources are supplemented appropriately;
the bottom modification is mainly biological bottom modification, and 15 days are carried out per time;
and (3) oxygenation equipment: a 3KW impeller type aerator is arranged in 3 mu, and micropores are laid in a material platform area for aeration;
the indexes in water require: the dissolved oxygen in the water body of the culture pond is more than 5mg/L, the pH value of the water body of the culture pond is controlled to be 7.8-8.5, the transparency of the water body of the culture pond is 30-50cm, the content of ammonia nitrogen in the water body of the culture pond is less than 0.5mg/L, the content of nitrite is less than 0.15mg/L, and the content of hydrogen sulfide is less than 0.1 mg/L.
8. The use method of the high-density bream and crucian carp mixed culture compound feed as claimed in claim 7, wherein in the step 2, when the bait casting rate is calculated, the water temperature change and the climate are determined, the bait casting rate is 1.5-2.5% by the expanded floating materials in months of 4-7 according to the weight calculation of the bream, and the bait casting rate is 1-1.5% by the weight calculation of the crucian carp for the pellet feed;
in 8-11 months, the expanded floating material and the pellet feed are calculated according to the total weight of the eaten fish, and the feeding rate is 2-2.5%; in the total feeding amount, 20-30% of the feed is fermented for use, the puffed floating material is fermented in 4-7 months, and the pellet feed is fermented in 8-11 months;
the fermented feed takes feed mainly fed at a pond mouth as a raw material, and is prepared into a fermented finished product for use according to a standard fermentation process, wherein the water content is controlled within 40%;
the fermentation process comprises the following steps:
a. fermentation strain: fermenting strains one day ahead, wherein the number of the strains reaches billions, fermenting by adopting special lactobacillus plantarum, fermenting the feed by using the stock solution, occupying high strains, avoiding the propagation of harmful bacteria, avoiding the feed from mildewing in high-temperature seasons, avoiding high-temperature seasons, and performing strain propagation and fermentation by adopting bacterium powder;
b. adding brown sugar to activate mass propagation of strains, adding yeast for fermentation, and thoroughly fermenting;
c. atomizing and spraying the bacterial liquid on the feed, uniformly stirring for 30 minutes until the particles are soft and the integrity is guaranteed, and the particles cannot be caked and adhered, then filling and sealing the feed by using a breathing bag, and using the feed for 3-7 days according to the fermentation condition.
9. The use method of the high-density bream and crucian carp mixed culture compound feed as claimed in claim 8, wherein in the step a, the fermentation strain mainly has triple effects of intestinal tract repair, strain occupation, liver and gallbladder protection and water quality prevention and control, wherein the content of small peptides is 15% -20%, and the number of effective viable bacteria is more than or equal to 1 x 108CFU/gram.
CN202011391201.0A 2020-12-02 2020-12-02 High-density bream and crucian carp polyculture compound feed and use method thereof Pending CN112314783A (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN202011391201.0A CN112314783A (en) 2020-12-02 2020-12-02 High-density bream and crucian carp polyculture compound feed and use method thereof

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN202011391201.0A CN112314783A (en) 2020-12-02 2020-12-02 High-density bream and crucian carp polyculture compound feed and use method thereof

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
CN112314783A true CN112314783A (en) 2021-02-05

Family

ID=74301398

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
CN202011391201.0A Pending CN112314783A (en) 2020-12-02 2020-12-02 High-density bream and crucian carp polyculture compound feed and use method thereof

Country Status (1)

Country Link
CN (1) CN112314783A (en)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN113261515A (en) * 2021-05-28 2021-08-17 肥东县水产养殖技术服务中心 Method for catching hot water fish

Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN102008027A (en) * 2010-11-21 2011-04-13 盐城恒兴饲料有限公司 Grass carp and crucian carp polyculture expanded feed and preparation method thereof
CN102783580A (en) * 2012-08-24 2012-11-21 无锡华诺威动物保健品有限公司 Expanded feed premix for Parabramis pekinensis as well as preparation method and application for expanded feed premix
CN103989013A (en) * 2014-05-20 2014-08-20 湖州师范学院 Puffed pellet feed for grass carps and preparation method thereof
CN104872422A (en) * 2015-05-22 2015-09-02 淮安市澳华农牧有限公司 Environment-friendly carassius auratus gibelio fodder with little fish meal
CN105815603A (en) * 2016-03-24 2016-08-03 通威股份有限公司 Slowly-sinking puffed compound feed for channel catfish and preparation method thereof
CN109793101A (en) * 2019-03-12 2019-05-24 江西微源农业科技有限公司 A kind of biological fermentation feed and production method

Patent Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN102008027A (en) * 2010-11-21 2011-04-13 盐城恒兴饲料有限公司 Grass carp and crucian carp polyculture expanded feed and preparation method thereof
CN102783580A (en) * 2012-08-24 2012-11-21 无锡华诺威动物保健品有限公司 Expanded feed premix for Parabramis pekinensis as well as preparation method and application for expanded feed premix
CN103989013A (en) * 2014-05-20 2014-08-20 湖州师范学院 Puffed pellet feed for grass carps and preparation method thereof
CN104872422A (en) * 2015-05-22 2015-09-02 淮安市澳华农牧有限公司 Environment-friendly carassius auratus gibelio fodder with little fish meal
CN105815603A (en) * 2016-03-24 2016-08-03 通威股份有限公司 Slowly-sinking puffed compound feed for channel catfish and preparation method thereof
CN109793101A (en) * 2019-03-12 2019-05-24 江西微源农业科技有限公司 A kind of biological fermentation feed and production method

Non-Patent Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
崔立奇 等: "团头鲂应激反应的原因分析及防治策略", 饲料博览 *
徐秀林 等: "鲫鱼高效生态养殖模式研究", 科学养鱼 *

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN113261515A (en) * 2021-05-28 2021-08-17 肥东县水产养殖技术服务中心 Method for catching hot water fish
CN113261515B (en) * 2021-05-28 2024-04-09 肥东县水产养殖技术服务中心 Hot water fish catching method

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
CN100581384C (en) Compound forage for piglets
CN103355476B (en) Preparation method for health-care mixed feed for poly-cultured grass carp and crucian
CN106721243A (en) A kind of disease-resistant child care pig starter feed without antibiotic and its preparation method and application
CN102258157B (en) Letalurus punetaus feed with fermented rapeseed meal and fermented cottonseed meal and production method
CN104161224B (en) The formula forage of Portunus trituberculatus Miers cultivation
CN102018117A (en) Grass carp feedstuff and preparation method thereof
CN102018129A (en) Health-care carp feed and preparation method thereof
CN113897299A (en) Composite microecological preparation and application thereof
CN102018114A (en) Fish and shrimp feed and preparing method thereof
CN107668355A (en) A kind of Antibiotic-free piglet conservation material and preparation method thereof
CN112314812A (en) High-density grass carp and crucian carp mixed culture compound feed and using method thereof
CN102018115A (en) Fish and shrimp feed and preparation method thereof
CN102018133A (en) Carp feed and preparation method thereof
CN107319199B (en) Batch for schizothorax prenanti
CN112314783A (en) High-density bream and crucian carp polyculture compound feed and use method thereof
CN102018123A (en) Freshwater fish feed and preparation method thereof
CN112704160A (en) Feed for preventing sow constipation and preparation process thereof
CN104322908A (en) 60-100kg Min growth and fattening pig special-purposed feed and preparation method thereof
CN111066948A (en) Feed suitable for fish growth under low-temperature condition and preparation method thereof
CN111449174A (en) Antibiotic-free conservation concentrated feed
CN108813208A (en) Yi Zhong Channel-catfish fish puffing granule compound feed and its production method
CN102018122A (en) Health care fish and shrimp feed and preparation method thereof
CN104472948A (en) Whole-wheat daily ration for pregnant sows and preparation method of whole-wheat daily ration
CN110063425A (en) A kind of sea cucumber, prawn and formula of jellyfish pond three-dimensional culture ecological feed and preparation method thereof
CN102018118A (en) Healthy bighead feed and preparation method thereof

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
PB01 Publication
PB01 Publication
SE01 Entry into force of request for substantive examination
SE01 Entry into force of request for substantive examination