CN112314526A - Breeding method for improving reproductive capacity of plateau sows - Google Patents
Breeding method for improving reproductive capacity of plateau sows Download PDFInfo
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- 238000009395 breeding Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 50
- 230000001850 reproductive effect Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 20
- 241000282887 Suidae Species 0.000 claims abstract description 36
- 230000035935 pregnancy Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 29
- 230000001488 breeding effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- 241001071917 Lithospermum Species 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 230000006651 lactation Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 230000032696 parturition Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 238000009396 hybridization Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 230000012173 estrus Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 29
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 29
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 claims description 29
- OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium Chemical compound [Ca] OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- 235000019750 Crude protein Nutrition 0.000 claims description 12
- OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphorus Chemical compound [P] OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000011575 calcium Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 229910052791 calcium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 12
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000011574 phosphorus Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 241000112528 Ligusticum striatum Species 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 241000382455 Angelica sinensis Species 0.000 claims description 8
- 235000006484 Paeonia officinalis Nutrition 0.000 claims description 8
- 235000006886 Zingiber officinale Nutrition 0.000 claims description 8
- 235000008397 ginger Nutrition 0.000 claims description 8
- 230000013011 mating Effects 0.000 claims description 8
- 235000001287 Guettarda speciosa Nutrition 0.000 claims description 6
- 244000197580 Poria cocos Species 0.000 claims description 6
- 235000008599 Poria cocos Nutrition 0.000 claims description 6
- 241000049624 Alisma plantago-aquatica subsp. orientale Species 0.000 claims description 2
- 244000144730 Amygdalus persica Species 0.000 claims description 2
- 241000132012 Atractylodes Species 0.000 claims description 2
- 241000092665 Atractylodes macrocephala Species 0.000 claims description 2
- 244000025254 Cannabis sativa Species 0.000 claims description 2
- 244000303040 Glycyrrhiza glabra Species 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000006200 Glycyrrhiza glabra Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 241001522129 Pinellia Species 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000006040 Prunus persica var persica Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- LPLVUJXQOOQHMX-QWBHMCJMSA-N glycyrrhizinic acid Chemical compound O([C@@H]1[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@H](O[C@@H]1O[C@@H]1C([C@H]2[C@]([C@@H]3[C@@]([C@@]4(CC[C@@]5(C)CC[C@@](C)(C[C@H]5C4=CC3=O)C(O)=O)C)(C)CC2)(C)CC1)(C)C)C(O)=O)[C@@H]1O[C@H](C(O)=O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@H]1O LPLVUJXQOOQHMX-QWBHMCJMSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000011477 liquorice Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 244000170916 Paeonia officinalis Species 0.000 claims 3
- 244000273928 Zingiber officinale Species 0.000 claims 3
- 244000061520 Angelica archangelica Species 0.000 claims 1
- 240000004584 Tamarindus indica Species 0.000 claims 1
- 235000004298 Tamarindus indica Nutrition 0.000 claims 1
- 238000007726 management method Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 230000002354 daily effect Effects 0.000 description 17
- 230000003203 everyday effect Effects 0.000 description 10
- 230000035606 childbirth Effects 0.000 description 6
- 235000015277 pork Nutrition 0.000 description 6
- 241000125175 Angelica Species 0.000 description 5
- 241000736199 Paeonia Species 0.000 description 5
- 241000234314 Zingiber Species 0.000 description 5
- 241001078983 Tetradium ruticarpum Species 0.000 description 2
- 206010000210 abortion Diseases 0.000 description 2
- 231100000176 abortion Toxicity 0.000 description 2
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 235000020997 lean meat Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 206010025482 malaise Diseases 0.000 description 2
- 235000013372 meat Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 206010000234 Abortion spontaneous Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 206010021143 Hypoxia Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 206010046793 Uterine inflammation Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 230000003044 adaptive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 208000010515 dystocia Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 208000015994 miscarriage Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 208000000995 spontaneous abortion Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K67/00—Rearing or breeding animals, not otherwise provided for; New or modified breeds of animals
- A01K67/02—Breeding vertebrates
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K10/00—Animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K10/30—Animal feeding-stuffs from material of plant origin, e.g. roots, seeds or hay; from material of fungal origin, e.g. mushrooms
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K50/00—Feeding-stuffs specially adapted for particular animals
- A23K50/30—Feeding-stuffs specially adapted for particular animals for swines
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Abstract
The invention belongs to the field of breeding, and particularly relates to a breeding method for improving the reproductive capacity of plateau sows, which comprises the following steps of S1, selecting replacement sows: hybridizing the Meishan sows with Neijiang boars, and obtaining the replacement sows as the sows in the offspring obtained by hybridization; s2, managing replacement gilts before pregnancy: tibetan lithospermum and tabasheer are fed to a backup sow at the initial oestrus stage, and then a No. 1 formula is fed for 7 days, wherein the No. 1 formula comprises: s3, managing replacement gilts in the gestation period: after the replacement gilt is bred, the replacement gilt is a pregnant sow, the pregnant sow is fed with the No. 2 formula from the beginning of pregnancy to 1 month before delivery, the interval of two times of feeding is 15 days, each time is fed for 7 days, and S4, management of the replacement gilt in the lactation period: feeding no feed on the day of parturition, adding warm water into bran, feeding No. 3 after parturition for 3 times at an interval of 1.5 hours; s5, managing weaned replacement gilts: feeding prescription 1 twice within one month after weaning, and daily fodder is 1.8-2 kg. The breeding capability of the sows on the plateau can be obviously improved by adopting the breeding method.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of breeding, and particularly relates to a breeding method for improving the reproductive capacity of plateau sows.
Background
China is a big pig-raising country, the pork yield and the pork consumption are not matched all the time, the pork yield is always in short supply and short supply, which is reflected in that the pork yield accounts for about 40 percent of the world share, but the pork consumption accounts for 69 percent of the world consumption, as the territorial area is large, the climate and environment difference of various regions is large, various climates from a subarctic zone to a tropical zone exist, and different types of pigs which are suitable for the local environment are distributed in different places. Therefore, the pig raising industry is affected by natural conditions and social and economic conditions, and is unbalanced in the development, for example, the average altitude in Tibet is more than 4000m, and the pig is not suitable for the growth of pigs due to severe environmental factors such as high cold, oxygen deficiency, strong ultraviolet irradiation and the like.
Since the last century, a plurality of foreign pig breeds which are mainly characterized by high lean meat percentage and low rapid growth and reproduction rate are introduced domestically, great impact is caused to the original local pig breeds which are slow in growth, high in reproduction rate and low in lean meat percentage in China, a plurality of examples for breeding and hybridizing the local pig and the foreign pig breeds exist in low altitude areas, the hybridized sow can breed commercial pigs with good comprehensiveness and is bred in a large scale, but the breeding of live pigs with good comprehensiveness in a severe plateau environment is still in an exploration stage, the main source of the pork of local residents is frozen meat which is transported in plain, and the frozen meat can not meet the living needs of people along with the requirements of the people on living quality.
Based on the reason that the reduction of the farrowing rate is a common problem, research on the improvement of the farrowing rate of sows in plateau areas is continuously carried out for many years, and a breeding method for improving the reproductive capacity of plateau sows is obtained.
Disclosure of Invention
The technical problem that this application will solve is: the problem of low farrowing rate of sows in the plateau environment is solved.
The solution for solving the technical problem is as follows: a breeding method for improving the reproductive capacity of plateau sows comprises the following steps:
s1, selection of replacement gilts: hybridizing the Meishan sows with Neijiang boars, and obtaining the replacement sows as the sows in the offspring obtained by hybridization;
s2, managing replacement gilts before pregnancy: tibetan lithospermum and tabasheer are fed to a backup sow at the initial oestrus stage, and then a No. 1 formula is fed for 7 days, wherein the No. 1 formula comprises: fructus evodiae, radix Ophiopogonis, radix Angelicae sinensis, radix Paeoniae, rhizoma Ligustici Chuanxiong, rhizoma Zingiberis recens, Glycyrrhrizae radix, and rhizoma Pinelliae;
s3, managing replacement gilts in the gestation period: the replacement gilt is a pregnant sow after mating, the pregnant sow is fed with the No. 2 formula from the beginning of pregnancy to 1 month before delivery, the time interval of two times of feeding is 15 days, each time is 7 days, and the No. 2 formula comprises angelica, peony, poria cocos, bighead atractylodes rhizome, rhizoma alismatis and ligusticum wallichii;
s4, managing the replacement sows in the lactation period: feeding no feed on the day of parturition, feeding bran and adding warm water, and feeding No. 3 formula after parturition, wherein the No. 3 formula comprises radix Angelicae sinensis; rhizoma Chuanxiong; peach kernel; black ginger; feeding for 3 times at intervals of 1.5 hr;
s5, managing weaned replacement gilts: feeding No. 1 formula twice within one month after weaning, wherein the daily feed is 1.8-2kg, and repeating the above operations to breed piglets.
Furthermore, in S3, the daily ration is not more than 2.1kg in 21 days before the pregnant sows, 2.4-2.7kg in 21-83 days, the content of crude protein in the feed is 15-17%, calcium is 0.8-0.85%, phosphorus is 0.56-0.59%, and salt is 0.3-0.4%, the feed is fed with green feed for 2 times a day, the daily ration is 2.7-3.3kg in the late gestation period of 84-106 days of pregnancy, the content of crude protein in the feed is 16-17%, calcium is 0.91-0.96%, phosphorus is 0.73-0.82%, and salt is 0.28-0.32% on the first day of mating; s4, feeding 1.5kg of feed 2 days after delivery, adding 0.5kg of feed each day, adding 4.2-5.5kg of feed each day 1 week after delivery, and keeping the feed protein content at the lactation period of 17% -19%.
Further, in step S1, the meishan sow has a native soil growth on plateau, and the number of births bred is not less than 2, and the inland boar has a native soil growth in plateau region of not less than 2 years.
Further, in step S1, the number of births of the meishan sow is 2-5.
Further, in step S2, the Tibetan radix arnebiae is 7 parts, the tabasheer is 7 parts, and the prescription 1 is 9 parts of fructus evodiae, 9 parts of radix ophiopogonis, 6 parts of angelica, 6 parts of peony, 6 parts of ligusticum wallichii, 6 parts of ginger, 6 parts of liquorice and 6 parts of pinellia ternate by weight.
Further, in step S3, the above-mentioned 2 rd prescription includes 10 parts by weight of angelica sinensis, 50 parts by weight of peony, 13 parts by weight of poria cocos, 12 parts by weight of atractylodes macrocephala, 25 parts by weight of alisma orientale, and 9 parts by weight of ligusticum wallichii.
Further, in step S4, the prescription No. 3 includes 25 parts by weight of angelica, 10 parts by weight of ligusticum wallichii, 3 parts by weight of black ginger, and 3 parts by weight of roasted grass.
Furthermore, the oxygen content in the growing environment of the Meishan sows, the Nenjiang boars and the replacement sows is the same as that in plain areas.
Further, the replacement gilts are grown in an oxygen-rich environment from birth until weaning.
Further, the oxygen content of the replacement gilt growth was gradually reduced 7 days after weaning until the plateau level was maintained.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
(1) the breeding capability of the sows on the plateau can be obviously improved by adopting the breeding method.
(2) The feeding method of the invention can enhance the physique of the sow, reduce the sickness, feed different feeds and prescriptions for the sow in different physiological periods, ensure different requirements of the sow in different periods, enhance the physique, reduce the occurrence of the sickness, particularly improve the problems of no oestrus, no matching and continuous abortion, and reduce the probability of the occurrence of dystocia.
(3) The constitution of the piglets born by the feeding method is obviously better than that of piglets produced by sows of other existing feeding methods, and the constitution of the piglets is also improved to a great extent.
Detailed Description
The conception, specific structure, and technical effects of the present application will be described clearly and completely with reference to the following embodiments, so that the purpose, features, and effects of the present application can be fully understood. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present application, and not all embodiments, and other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without inventive efforts based on the embodiments of the present application belong to the protection scope of the present application.
The invention selects high-quality Meishan sows for breeding in an experiment, the replacement sows are selected from offspring bred by the Meishan sows, and the air pressure is about 65% of the standard air pressure when the research base is in a Japanese karst rule.
Example 1:
because the Japanese karst is in the plateau area, the air pressure is low, the air is thin, and the oxygen content is low, the piggery is filled with oxygen in the embodiment, so that the oxygen content in the air is adaptive to the plateau (after the oxygen is filled, the oxygen mass in the unit volume of the air in the plateau piggery is the same as the oxygen mass in the unit volume of the air in the plateau area).
A breeding method for improving the reproductive capacity of plateau sows comprises the following steps:
s1, selection of replacement gilts: selecting high-quality Meishan sows to be hybridized with Neijiang boars, and obtaining the sows in the offspring obtained by hybridization as replacement sows; the Meishan sows are grown in the soil on plateau, statistics is continuously carried out from 1 st breeding to 3 times of breeding, technicians select the most suitable piglets to serve as replacement sows, specific parameters are shown in tables 1-3, and Neijiang boars hybridized with the Meishan sows are grown in the soil in the plateau area for 2 years.
It is to be emphasized that: the replacement sows grow in an oxygen-rich environment from birth to weaning (the oxygen-rich environment refers to that the oxygen content is higher than that in the growing environment of adult pigs of the Meishan sows, Neijiang boars and the replacement sows, and the Meishan sows, the Neijiang boars and the replacement sows normally grow in an environment that the oxygen content per unit volume is consistent with that of the plain), and the oxygen content of the replacement sows gradually decreases 7 days after weaning until the level of the replacement sows is consistent with that of the plain.
S2, managing replacement gilts before pregnancy: feeding Tibetan lithospermum and tabasheer for 7 days at the initial oestrus stage of a later-prepared sow, wherein each head of the Tibetan lithospermum and tabasheer is fed with 0.1kg every day, then each head of the Tibetan lithospermum and tabasheer is fed with 0.12kg every day for 7 days, and the Tibetan lithospermum and the tabasheer are fed simultaneously when being fed for one time or being fed with feed and are prepared according to the weight ratio, wherein the Tibetan lithospermum is 7 parts, the tabasheer is 7 parts, and the No. 1 formula comprises 9 parts of evodia rutaecarpa, 9 parts of radix ophiopogonis, 6 parts of angelica, 6 parts;
s3, managing replacement gilts in the gestation period: after the replacement gilt is bred, the replacement gilt is a pregnant sow, the pregnant sow is fed with the No. 2 formula from the beginning of pregnancy to 1 month before delivery, the time interval of two times of feeding is 15 days, each time of feeding is 7 days, each time is fed with 0.2kg per day, and according to parts by weight, 10 parts of the No. 2 formula angelica sinensis, 50 parts of Chinese herbaceous peony, 13 parts of poria cocos, 12 parts of rhizoma atractylodis macrocephalae, 25 parts of rhizoma alismatis and 9 parts of rhizoma ligustici wallichii are fed; calculating the first day from the day of breeding, wherein the daily ration is not more than 2.1kg in 21 days before the pregnant sows, 2.4-2.7kg in 21-83 days, the content of crude protein in the feed is 15-17%, calcium is 0.8-0.85%, phosphorus is 0.56-0.59%, and salt is 0.3-0.4%, the feed is fed with green feed for 2 times per day, the daily ration is 2.7-3.3kg in the late gestation period of 84-106 days of pregnancy, the content of crude protein in the feed is 16-17%, calcium is 0.91-0.96%, phosphorus is 0.73-0.82%, and salt is 0.28-0.32%;
s4, managing the replacement sows in the lactation period: feeding no feed on the day of parturition, adding warm water into bran, feeding No. 3 formula after parturition, wherein the No. 3 formula comprises 25 parts of Chinese angelica, 10 parts of ligusticum wallichii, 3 parts of black ginger and 3 parts of radix glycyrrhizae preparata, feeding for 3 times at an interval of 1.5 hours each time; feeding 1.5kg of feed on day 2 after delivery, adding 0.5kg of feed each day, increasing to 4.2-5.5kg each day 1 week after delivery, and maintaining until weaning, wherein the protein content of the feed in lactation period is 17% -19%.
S5, managing weaned replacement gilts: feeding formula 1 twice within one month after weaning, feeding 1.8-2kg daily feed, repeating the above operation, breeding piglets for 6 times, recording six times, and showing in tables 1-3.
The oxygen content in the growing environment of the finished pigs of the Meishan sows, the Neijiang boars and the replacement sows in the embodiment is sufficient and consistent with that in plain areas, and the temperature and humidity indexes are adjusted to be proper in each stage of the pigs according to common knowledge.
Example 2: (No. 1, No. 2 and No. 3 are not fed, and other feeding methods are the same as example 1)
A breeding method for improving the reproductive capacity of plateau sows comprises the following steps:
s1, selection of replacement gilts: selecting high-quality Meishan sows to be hybridized with Neijiang boars, and obtaining the sows in the offspring obtained by hybridization as replacement sows; the Meishan sows are grown in the soil on plateau, statistics is continuously carried out from 1 st breeding to 3 times of breeding, technicians select the most suitable piglets to serve as replacement sows, specific parameters are shown in tables 1-3, and Neijiang boars hybridized with the Meishan sows are grown in the soil in the plateau area for 2 years.
It is to be emphasized that: the replacement sows grow in an oxygen-rich environment from birth to weaning (the oxygen-rich environment refers to that the oxygen content is higher than that in the growing environment of adult pigs of the Meishan sows, Neijiang boars and the replacement sows, and the Meishan sows, the Neijiang boars and the replacement sows normally grow in an environment that the oxygen content per unit volume is consistent with that of the plain), and the oxygen content of the replacement sows gradually decreases 7 days after weaning until the level of the replacement sows is consistent with that of the plain.
S2, managing replacement gilts in the gestation period: the replacement gilt is the pregnant sow after the mating, calculated on the first day of the mating day, the daily ration of 21 days before the pregnant sow is not more than 2.1kg, the daily ration of 21-83 days is 2.4-2.7kg, the feed contains 15-17% of crude protein, 0.8-0.85% of calcium, 0.56-0.59% of phosphorus and 0.3-0.4% of salt, the feed is fed with green feed for 2 times every day, the daily ration of the late pregnancy period of 84-106 days of pregnancy is 2.7-3.3kg, the feed contains 16-17% of crude protein, 0.91-0.96% of calcium, 0.73-0.82% of phosphorus and 0.28-0.32% of salt;
s3, managing the replacement sows in the lactation period: the feed is not fed on the day of childbirth, warm water is added into bran for feeding, 1.5kg of feed is fed on the 2 nd day after childbirth, 0.5kg of feed is added every day, the feed is added to 4.2-5.5kg every day after childbirth for 1 week, and the feed is kept to weaning, and the protein content of the feed in the lactation period is 17% -19%.
S4, managing weaned replacement gilts: 1.8-2kg daily feed, and repeating the above operation, breeding piglets for 6 times, recording six times, see tables 1-3.
The oxygen content in the growing environment of the finished pigs of the Meishan sows, the Neijiang boars and the replacement sows in the embodiment is sufficient and consistent with that in plain areas, and the temperature and humidity indexes are adjusted to be proper in each stage of the pigs according to common knowledge.
Example 3: (oxygen-poor operation, other methods are the same as in example 1)
A breeding method for improving the reproductive capacity of plateau sows comprises the following steps:
s1, selection of replacement gilts: selecting high-quality Meishan sows to be hybridized with Neijiang boars, and obtaining the sows in the offspring obtained by hybridization as replacement sows; the Meishan sows are grown in the soil on plateau, statistics is continuously carried out from 1 st breeding to 3 times of breeding, technicians select the most suitable piglets to serve as replacement sows, specific parameters are shown in tables 1-3, and Neijiang boars hybridized with the Meishan sows are grown in the soil in the plateau area for 2 years.
S2, managing replacement gilts before pregnancy: feeding Tibetan lithospermum and tabasheer for 7 days at the initial oestrus stage of a later-prepared sow, wherein each head of the Tibetan lithospermum and tabasheer is fed with 0.1kg every day, then each head of the Tibetan lithospermum and tabasheer is fed with 0.12kg every day for 7 days, and the Tibetan lithospermum and the tabasheer are fed simultaneously when being fed for one time or being fed with feed and are prepared according to the weight ratio, wherein the Tibetan lithospermum is 7 parts, the tabasheer is 7 parts, and the No. 1 formula comprises 9 parts of evodia rutaecarpa, 9 parts of radix ophiopogonis, 6 parts of angelica, 6 parts;
s3, managing replacement gilts in the gestation period: after the replacement gilt is bred, the replacement gilt is a pregnant sow, the pregnant sow is fed with the No. 2 formula from the beginning of pregnancy to 1 month before delivery, the time interval of two times of feeding is 15 days, each time of feeding is 7 days, each time is fed with 0.2kg per day, and according to parts by weight, 10 parts of the No. 2 formula angelica sinensis, 50 parts of Chinese herbaceous peony, 13 parts of poria cocos, 12 parts of rhizoma atractylodis macrocephalae, 25 parts of rhizoma alismatis and 9 parts of rhizoma ligustici wallichii are fed; calculating the first day from the day of breeding, wherein the daily ration is not more than 2.1kg in 21 days before the pregnant sows, 2.4-2.7kg in 21-83 days, the content of crude protein in the feed is 15-17%, calcium is 0.8-0.85%, phosphorus is 0.56-0.59%, and salt is 0.3-0.4%, the feed is fed with green feed for 2 times per day, the daily ration is 2.7-3.3kg in the late gestation period of 84-106 days of pregnancy, the content of crude protein in the feed is 16-17%, calcium is 0.91-0.96%, phosphorus is 0.73-0.82%, and salt is 0.28-0.32%;
s4, managing the replacement sows in the lactation period: feeding no feed on the day of parturition, adding warm water into bran, feeding No. 3 formula after parturition, wherein the No. 3 formula comprises 25 parts of Chinese angelica, 10 parts of ligusticum wallichii, 3 parts of black ginger and 3 parts of radix glycyrrhizae preparata, feeding for 3 times at an interval of 1.5 hours each time; feeding 1.5kg of feed on day 2 after delivery, adding 0.5kg of feed each day, increasing to 4.2-5.5kg each day 1 week after delivery, and maintaining until weaning, wherein the protein content of the feed in lactation period is 17% -19%.
S5, managing weaned replacement gilts: feeding formula 1 twice within one month after weaning, feeding 1.8-2kg daily feed, repeating the above operation, breeding piglets for 6 times, recording six times, and showing in tables 1-3.
The oxygen content in the growing environment of the finished pigs of the Meishan sows, the Neijiang boars and the replacement sows in the embodiment is sufficient and consistent with that in plain areas, and the temperature and humidity indexes are adjusted to be proper in each stage of the pigs according to common knowledge.
Example 4: (No. 1, No. 2 and No. 3 are not fed, oxygen enrichment operation is not performed, and other feeding methods are the same as those in example 1)
A breeding method for improving the reproductive capacity of plateau sows comprises the following steps:
s1, selection of replacement gilts: selecting high-quality Meishan sows to be hybridized with Neijiang boars, and obtaining the sows in the offspring obtained by hybridization as replacement sows; the Meishan sows are grown in the soil on plateau, statistics is continuously carried out from 1 st breeding to 3 times of breeding, technicians select the most suitable piglets to serve as replacement sows, specific parameters are shown in tables 1-3, and Neijiang boars hybridized with the Meishan sows are grown in the soil in the plateau area for 2 years.
S2, managing replacement gilts in the gestation period: the replacement gilt is the pregnant sow after the mating, calculated on the first day of the mating day, the daily ration of 21 days before the pregnant sow is not more than 2.1kg, the daily ration of 21-83 days is 2.4-2.7kg, the feed contains 15-17% of crude protein, 0.8-0.85% of calcium, 0.56-0.59% of phosphorus and 0.3-0.4% of salt, the feed is fed with green feed for 2 times every day, the daily ration of the late pregnancy period of 84-106 days of pregnancy is 2.7-3.3kg, the feed contains 16-17% of crude protein, 0.91-0.96% of calcium, 0.73-0.82% of phosphorus and 0.28-0.32% of salt;
s3, managing the replacement sows in the lactation period: the feed is not fed on the day of childbirth, warm water is added into bran for feeding, 1.5kg of feed is fed on the 2 nd day after childbirth, 0.5kg of feed is added every day, the feed is added to 4.2-5.5kg every day after childbirth for 1 week, and the feed is kept to weaning, and the protein content of the feed in the lactation period is 17% -19%.
S4, managing weaned replacement gilts: 1.8-2kg daily feed, and repeating the above operation, breeding piglets for 6 times, recording six times, see tables 1-3.
The oxygen content in the growing environment of the finished pigs of the Meishan sows, the Neijiang boars and the replacement sows in the embodiment is sufficient and consistent with that in plain areas, and the temperature and humidity indexes are adjusted to be proper in each stage of the pigs according to common knowledge.
Description of the tables:
table 1-table 3 statistics are 3 recordings of the replacement gilts bred from birth 1 to birth 3 in meishan sows. It is worth noting that the number of replacement gilts recorded in the table is all successfully produced, and the number of the replacement gilts in each table is less and less because the replacement gilts are not recorded and eliminated if the replacement gilts are dead, miscarriage, continuous abortion, metritis and the like which cannot be successfully produced.
Tables 1-3 the columns of replacement gilts in the parity of the gilts only represent records of the breeding according to the method of example 1, control A according to the method of example 2 and control B according to the method of example 3.
TABLE 1 tracking table for 293 replacement gilts bred in No. 1 gestation of Meishan sows
TABLE 2 tracking table for 317 replacement gilts bred in the 2 nd birth of Meishan sows
TABLE 3 tracking list of 420 replacement gilts bred in third birth of Meishan sows
The breeding method of the embodiment 4 is a common breeding method in the current plateau area, is equivalent to a blank control of the invention, and has the advantages that the number of live piglets per litter is 7-9 on average according to the visit, the rejection rate of sows is high, even a plurality of pig farms are not specially used for improving the oxygen content, the farrowing rate is low, the number of live piglets per litter is 5-7 on average, and the rejection rate of sows is higher. As can be seen from tables 1 to 3, the breeding ability of the sows of the present invention is greatly improved as compared with the conventional breeding by comparing the breeding ability index of the sows, and the breeding method of example 1 is the optimum mode, so that the present invention has a high economic value.
While the preferred embodiments of the present invention have been illustrated and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the details of the embodiments shown and described, but is capable of numerous equivalents and substitutions, all of which are within the scope of the claims appended hereto.
Claims (10)
1. A breeding method for improving the reproductive capacity of plateau sows is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s1, selection of replacement gilts: hybridizing the Meishan sows with Neijiang boars, and obtaining the replacement sows as the sows in the offspring obtained by hybridization;
s2, managing replacement gilts before pregnancy: tibetan lithospermum and tabasheer are fed to a backup sow at the initial oestrus stage, and then a No. 1 formula is fed for 7 days, wherein the No. 1 formula comprises: fructus evodiae, radix Ophiopogonis, radix Angelicae sinensis, radix Paeoniae, rhizoma Ligustici Chuanxiong, rhizoma Zingiberis recens, Glycyrrhrizae radix, and rhizoma Pinelliae;
s3, managing replacement gilts in the gestation period: the replacement gilt is a pregnant sow after mating, the pregnant sow is fed with the No. 2 formula from the beginning of pregnancy to 1 month before delivery, the time interval of two times of feeding is 15 days, each time is 7 days, and the No. 2 formula comprises angelica, peony, poria cocos, bighead atractylodes rhizome, rhizoma alismatis and ligusticum wallichii;
s4, managing the replacement sows in the lactation period: feeding no feed on the day of parturition, feeding bran and adding warm water, and feeding No. 3 formula after parturition, wherein the No. 3 formula comprises radix Angelicae sinensis; rhizoma Chuanxiong; peach kernel; black ginger; feeding for 3 times at intervals of 1.5 hr;
s5, managing weaned replacement gilts: feeding No. 1 formula twice within one month after weaning, wherein the daily feed is 1.8-2kg, and repeating the above operations to breed piglets.
2. The breeding method for improving the reproductive capacity of plateau sows as claimed in claim 1, wherein in S3, the daily ration of 21 days before the pregnant sows is not more than 2.1kg, the daily ration of 21-83 days is 2.4-2.7kg on the first day from the day of mating, the content of crude protein in the feed is 15-17%, calcium is 0.8-0.85%, phosphorus is 0.56-0.59%, and salt is 0.3-0.4%, the feed is fed with green feed for 2 times per day, the daily ration of the late pregnancy period of 84-106 days is 2.7-3.3kg, the content of crude protein in the feed is 16-17%, calcium is 0.91-0.96%, phosphorus is 0.73-0.82%, and salt is 0.28-0.32%; s4, feeding 1.5kg of feed 2 days after delivery, adding 0.5kg of feed each day, adding 4.2-5.5kg of feed each day 1 week after delivery, and keeping the feed protein content at the lactation period of 17% -19%.
3. The breeding method for improving the reproductive capacity of plateau sows as claimed in claim 1, wherein in step S1, the Meishan sows have a native soil growth on plateau, and the number of breeding births is not less than 2, and the Neijiang boars have a native soil growth in plateau region of not less than 2 years.
4. The breeding method for improving the reproductive capacity of plateau sows as claimed in claim 1 or 2, wherein in step S1, the number of births bred by the Meishan sows is 2-5.
5. The breeding method for improving the reproductive capacity of plateau sows as claimed in claim 1, wherein in step S2, the Tibetan radix arnebiae is 7 parts, the tamarind is 7 parts, the prescription 1 is 9 parts of fructus evodiae, 9 parts of radix ophiopogonis, 6 parts of angelica sinensis, 6 parts of peony, 6 parts of ligusticum wallichii, 6 parts of ginger, 6 parts of liquorice and 6 parts of pinellia ternate by weight.
6. The breeding method for improving the reproductive capacity of plateau sows as claimed in claim 1, wherein in step S3, the 2 nd formula angelica sinensis 10 parts, peony 50 parts, poria cocos 13 parts, atractylodes macrocephala 12 parts, alisma orientale 25 parts, and ligusticum wallichii 9 parts by weight.
7. The breeding method for improving the reproductive capacity of plateau sows as claimed in claim 1, wherein in step S4, the prescription No. 3 comprises 25 parts by weight of angelica sinensis, 10 parts by weight of ligusticum wallichii, 3 parts by weight of black ginger and 3 parts by weight of roasted grass.
8. The raising method for improving the reproductive capacity of plateau sows as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein the oxygen content in the growing environment of the Meishan sows, Nenjiang boars and replacement sows is the same as that in the plateau region.
9. The breeding method for improving the reproductive performance of plateau sows as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein the replacement gilt is grown in an oxygen-rich environment from birth until weaning.
10. The breeding method for improving reproductive performance of high-lands sows as claimed in claim 7, wherein the oxygen content of the replacement gilt is gradually reduced 7 days after weaning until the oxygen content is consistent with the plateau level.
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