CN112314228A

CN112314228A - Method for promoting tomato fruit development and lycopene accumulation through red light supplement

Info

Publication number: CN112314228A
Application number: CN202011244076.0A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 刘厚诚; 张继业; 高美芳; 师瑞; 郝彦伟
Original assignee: South China Agricultural University
Current assignee: South China Agricultural University
Priority date: 2020-11-10
Filing date: 2020-11-10
Publication date: 2021-02-05

Abstract

The invention discloses a method for promoting tomato fruit development and lycopene accumulation by supplementing light with red light, and belongs to the technical field of plant production. The invention uses the light supplement in the growth process of the tomato cultivated in the plastic greenhouse substrate for 6 hours every day, the wavelength is 660 +/-10 nm, and the illumination intensity is 100 +/-5 mu mol.m^‑2·s^‑1The red light accelerates the ripening speed of the tomato fruits, the ripening time is advanced by three days, and the content of phytoene in the tomato fruits is obviously improved.

Description

Method for promoting tomato fruit development and lycopene accumulation through red light supplement

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of plant production, in particular to a method for promoting tomato fruit development and lycopene accumulation by supplementing light with red light.

Background

Light is the most important environmental factor affecting the growth of horticultural crops in facilities. The problems of poor nutrition, slow growth and development, serious flower and fruit drop, reduced yield, low quality and the like of the plants can be caused by the weak light for a long time. With the wide application of modern facility horticulture technology in the world, the influence of facility light environment on the production performance of horticultural crops is more and more concerned, and artificial supplementary lighting becomes one of the key technologies for facility horticulture production. The tomatoes are temperature-preference vegetables, the most suitable temperature for assimilation is 20-25 ℃ under normal conditions, due to the temperature preference characteristic of the tomatoes, greenhouse cultivation is generally adopted in China to provide the temperature required by the growth of the tomatoes, but the growth of the tomatoes is adversely affected by weak light environments such as winter and spring, continuous cloudy days and haze, so that manual light supplement needs to be carried out on the tomatoes, and proper illumination needs to be supplemented for the growth of the tomatoes. Studies have shown that both red and blue light can promote the accumulation of lycopene in tomato fruits (liu dao et al, 2010; pu gao bin et al, 2005; zheng dong mei et al, 2016). The red and blue compound light can also increase the content of lycopene in tomato fruits (chentian sweet, 2016; sunna, 2015). The red treated isolated tomato fruits had 2.3 times more lycopene than in the control (dark treated) fruits and the increase could be offset by the far red light.

Lycopene (lycopene) mainly exists in red fruits and vegetables, the content of the lycopene in ripe tomatoes is 0.03-0.14 mg/g, the lycopene has the name of gold hidden in tomatoes, and the content of the lycopene is positively correlated with the maturity of the tomatoes. Lycopene is a carotenoid with extremely strong antioxidant capacity in the natural world at present, and the antioxidant activity of lycopene is 100 times that of vitamin E and more than 2 times that of beta-carotene. The continuous research on the biological functions of the lycopene shows that the biological activity of the lycopene is stronger than that of other carotenoids, and the lycopene has important biological functions of resisting oxidation, reducing blood fat, resisting cancer, improving the immunity of organisms and the like. Therefore, promoting the accumulation of lycopene in tomato fruits is very important for cultivating tomatoes with high nutritional value.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to provide a method for promoting tomato fruit development and lycopene accumulation by supplementing light with red light, so as to solve the problems in the prior art.

In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides the following scheme:

the invention provides a method for promoting tomato fruit development and lycopene accumulation by supplementing light with red light, which is used for supplementing light with red light for 6 hours per day during the growth process of tomatoes in a plastic greenhouse.

Preferably, the wavelength of red light is 660 ± 10 nm.

Preferably, the intensity of the red light is 100. + -. 5. mu. mol. m^-2·s^-1。

Preferably, the light supplementing time is 6:00-12: 00.

The invention discloses the following technical effects:

according to the invention, the tomato is supplemented with light in red light, the expression of mature transcription factors is induced, the growth and development of tomato fruits are promoted, the color transition period of the tomato fruits is advanced by about three days, the maturation time is advanced by three days, the expression of the synthesis pathway SlGGPPS of the carotenoid of the tomato fruits can be promoted, and the accumulation amount of phytoene in the tomato fruits is obviously improved.

Drawings

In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings needed in the embodiments will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art to obtain other drawings without creative efforts.

FIG. 1 is a time chart of the color transition period of tomato fruits in an experimental group and a control group;

FIG. 2 is a graph showing the comparison of carotenoid contents in the red phase and the color transition phase in the experimental group and the control group; in the figure, a is the phytoene content; b is the lycopene content; c is the alpha-carotene content; d is the lutein content; e is the content of gamma-carotene; f is the content of beta-carotene; g is the zeaxanthin content; h is the content of violaxanthin; i is the content of neoxanthin;

FIG. 3 is a graph showing a comparison of the expression levels of functional genes in the experimental group and the control group; in the figure, a represents the expression level of SI RIN; b is the expression level of SI TAGL 1; c is the expression level of SI CNR; d is the expression amount of SI NOR; WT represents a control group, and R represents an experimental group;

FIG. 4 is a graph showing a comparison of the expression levels of functional genes in the experimental group and the control group; in the figure, a is the expression level of SI GGPP 3; b is the expression level of SI PSY 1; c is the expression level of SI ACS 2; d is the expression level of SI ACS 4; WT represents a control group, and R represents an experimental group.

Detailed Description

Reference will now be made in detail to various exemplary embodiments of the invention, the detailed description should not be construed as limiting the invention but as a more detailed description of certain aspects, features and embodiments of the invention.

It is to be understood that the terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of the invention. Further, for numerical ranges in this disclosure, it is understood that each intervening value, between the upper and lower limit of that range, is also specifically disclosed. Every smaller range between any stated value or intervening value in a stated range and any other stated or intervening value in a stated range is encompassed within the invention. The upper and lower limits of these smaller ranges may independently be included or excluded in the range.

Unless defined otherwise, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention belongs. Although only preferred methods and materials are described herein, any methods and materials similar or equivalent to those described herein can be used in the practice or testing of the present invention. All documents mentioned in this specification are incorporated by reference herein for the purpose of disclosing and describing the methods and/or materials associated with the documents. In case of conflict with any incorporated document, the present specification will control.

It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various modifications and variations can be made in the specific embodiments of the present disclosure without departing from the scope or spirit of the disclosure. Other embodiments will be apparent to those skilled in the art from consideration of the specification. The specification and examples are exemplary only.

As used herein, the terms "comprising," "including," "having," "containing," and the like are open-ended terms that mean including, but not limited to.

The "parts" in the present invention are all parts by mass unless otherwise specified.

Example 1

1. Materials and methods

1.1 Experimental materials

The tested tomato is a red cherry tomato, and the light source is a 660 +/-10 nm red LED.

1.2 Experimental methods

The cultivation environment is plastic greenhouse, the tomato seeds are subjected to germination acceleration and seedling raising treatment, the tomato seedlings with 4 true leaves are divided into an experimental group and a control group, the experimental group is transplanted into coconut husk matrix, and red light (660 +/-10 nm) is carried out on the experimental group at 6:00-12:00 per day at 100 +/-5 mu mol.m^-2·s^-1And (5) supplementing light, wherein the light is not supplemented to the contrast group.

And after the tomatoes bloom, calculating the color change period time of the tomatoes according to the number of days after the tomatoes bloom. And after the tomatoes are fruited, calculating the actual color angle of the tomatoes by using a color difference meter, and judging the color conversion period time of the tomatoes.

And (3) respectively taking the tomato fruits in the color transition stage and the red stage in the experimental group and the control group, and measuring the carotenoid content of the tomato fruit samples by adopting a high performance liquid chromatography.

The expression of key genes such as a tomato fruit carotenoid synthesis pathway, an ethylene synthesis and signal transduction pathway, a maturation related transcription factor, a photoreceptor and the like is analyzed through fluorescent quantitative PCR.

2. Results of the experiment

2.1 detection of tomato color transition

As shown in FIG. 1, it can be seen that the light supplement of red light can induce the expression of mature transcription factor, so that the color conversion period is about 3 days earlier and the maturation period is 3 days earlier for tomato fruits.

2.2 tomato fruit Gene expression

The red light supplement promotes the expression of SlRIN in tomato fruits, the expression level of SlRIN is increased, the expression of other mature transcription factors such as TAGL1, CNR and NOR is induced, and the expression of SlACS2 and SlACS4 in an ethylene synthesis way is promoted, so that the tomato fruits generate more mature ethylene, the maturity of the tomato fruits is promoted, the expression of ethylene receptors is promoted by more mature ethylene, but the influence on signal transduction genes at the downstream of the ethylene receptors is not obvious. The red light supplement can promote the expression of the synthesis pathway SlGGPPS of the carotenoids of the tomato fruits, so that the GGPP content in the tomato fruits is increased, the active photosensitive pigment content in the tomato fruits is increased, and the expression of a rate-limiting enzyme SlPSY1 gene is promoted. As shown in fig. 3 and 4.

2.3 Carotenoid content in tomato fruit

The color of the tomatoes under the light supplement of red light is obviously different between the color conversion period and the red period, and the content of the phytoene in the tomato fruits under the light supplement of red light is obviously higher than that of a control (figure 2a) in the color conversion period and the red period by adopting a high performance liquid chromatography to measure the content of the carotenoid of the tomato fruits samples in the two periods, the content of the phytoene is obviously higher than that of the control (figure 2a) in the color conversion period, the content of the phytoene is not obviously different from that of the control (figure 2b) in the red period, the content of alpha-carotene, gamma-carotene, beta-carotene and zeaxanthin is also obviously higher than that of the control in the color conversion period, and the content of the phytoene is not obviously different from that of the control (figure 2c, e, f and g) in. The contents of lutein, violaxanthin and neoxanthin were all not significantly different from the control in the color-changing and red phases (fig. 2d, h, i).

The above-described embodiments are merely illustrative of the preferred embodiments of the present invention, and do not limit the scope of the present invention, and various modifications and improvements of the technical solutions of the present invention can be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit of the present invention, and the technical solutions of the present invention are within the scope of the present invention defined by the claims.

Claims

1. A method for promoting the growth of tomatoes in a plastic greenhouse and the accumulation of lycopene by supplementing red light is characterized in that the red light is supplemented for 6 hours per day in the growth process of the tomatoes in the plastic greenhouse.

2. The method as claimed in claim 1, wherein the wavelength of red light is 660 ± 10 nm.

3. The method as claimed in claim 1, wherein the intensity of red light is 100 ± 5 μmol-m^-2·s^-1。

4. The method for promoting tomato fruit development and lycopene accumulation with red light supplement as claimed in claim 1, wherein the supplement time is 6:00-12: 00.