CN112311020A - Wind power plant reactive power optimization scheduling method and system - Google Patents

Wind power plant reactive power optimization scheduling method and system Download PDF

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CN112311020A
CN112311020A CN201910710945.5A CN201910710945A CN112311020A CN 112311020 A CN112311020 A CN 112311020A CN 201910710945 A CN201910710945 A CN 201910710945A CN 112311020 A CN112311020 A CN 112311020A
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reactive
wind
power plant
power
reactive power
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钱敏慧
赵大伟
陈宁
姜达军
吴福保
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State Grid Corp of China SGCC
China Electric Power Research Institute Co Ltd CEPRI
State Grid Shanghai Electric Power Co Ltd
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State Grid Corp of China SGCC
China Electric Power Research Institute Co Ltd CEPRI
State Grid Shanghai Electric Power Co Ltd
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J3/00—Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks
    • H02J3/38—Arrangements for parallely feeding a single network by two or more generators, converters or transformers
    • H02J3/46—Controlling of the sharing of output between the generators, converters, or transformers
    • H02J3/50—Controlling the sharing of the out-of-phase component
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
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    • Y02E10/76—Power conversion electric or electronic aspects

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Abstract

The invention relates to a reactive power optimization scheduling method and system for a wind power plant, which comprises the following steps: determining the optimal reactive output of a wind turbine generator set and dynamic reactive compensation equipment in the wind power plant according to a grid-connected point voltage instruction value issued by a power grid dispatching system; and adjusting the reactive output of the wind turbine generator set and the dynamic reactive compensation equipment in the wind power plant into the optimal reactive output of the wind turbine generator set and the dynamic reactive compensation equipment in the wind power plant. According to the technical scheme provided by the invention, the regulation characteristics of each wind turbine generator and the dynamic reactive power compensation equipment in the wind power plant are fully considered, the reactive power regulation capability of the wind turbine generators is fully utilized to participate in reactive voltage control of the wind power plant on the premise of ensuring safe and stable operation of the wind power plant, the regulation allowance of the dynamic reactive power compensation equipment in the wind power plant is maximized, and the active grid-connection friendliness of the wind power plant is improved.

Description

Wind power plant reactive power optimization scheduling method and system
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of new energy power generation operation control, in particular to a wind power plant reactive power optimization scheduling method and system.
Background
Unlike conventional power plants, large wind farms are composed of many wind turbines of smaller capacity, which are spatially distributed. At present, a reactive voltage regulation and control device of a newly-built wind power plant mainly comprises a doubly-fed wind turbine generator set, a parallel capacitor bank, an on-load tap changer (OLTC), dynamic reactive compensation equipment and the like, which are dispersedly distributed in the wind power plant.
Discrete equipment such as a parallel capacitor bank, an OLTC and the like have slow response time, can only realize step and sectional control and are difficult to finely adjust.
Dynamic devices such as SVCs (static var compensator) have quick adjustment capability, reactive voltage fluctuation of a wind power plant can be quickly stabilized, and when a grid fault causes low-voltage grid disconnection of partial fans, if concentrated reactive compensation devices such as SVCs (static var compensator) are improperly controlled to continue grid-connected operation, partial reactive power of a grid can be excessive, and an accident can be expanded.
The wind turbine generator has good dynamic reactive power regulation characteristics, but the reactive power regulation of the wind turbine generator has the following problems: on one hand, the reactive power generated by the wind turbine generator is sent out through a longer current collecting circuit and a multiple transformer, so that the power loss in the wind power plant can be increased; on the other hand, the line type of a feeder line in the field and the distance between fans can influence the voltage distribution in the field, and a wind turbine unit positioned at the tail end of the feeder line can cause overhigh voltage at a generator terminal due to great generated reactive power, and can cause high voltage grid disconnection of the wind turbine unit.
At present, there is no patent that can properly solve the above problems.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects of the prior art, the invention aims to provide a reactive power optimization scheduling method for a wind power plant, which fully considers the regulation characteristics of each wind power unit and dynamic reactive power compensation equipment in the wind power plant, fully utilizes the reactive power regulation capability of the wind power units to participate in reactive voltage control of the wind power plant on the premise of ensuring safe and stable operation of the wind power plant, maximizes the regulation allowance of the dynamic reactive power compensation equipment in the wind power plant, and improves the active grid-connection friendliness of the wind power plant.
The purpose of the invention is realized by adopting the following technical scheme:
the invention provides a wind power plant reactive power optimization scheduling method, which is improved in that the method comprises the following steps:
determining the optimal reactive output of a wind turbine generator set and dynamic reactive compensation equipment in the wind power plant according to a grid-connected point voltage instruction value issued by a power grid dispatching system;
and adjusting the reactive output of the wind turbine generator set and the dynamic reactive compensation equipment in the wind power plant into the optimal reactive output of the wind turbine generator set and the dynamic reactive compensation equipment in the wind power plant.
Preferably, the determining the optimal reactive power output of the wind turbine generator and the dynamic reactive power compensation device in the wind farm according to the grid-connected point voltage instruction value issued by the power grid dispatching system includes:
and substituting the grid-connected point voltage instruction value issued by the power grid dispatching system into a pre-constructed wind power plant multi-source reactive power optimization dispatching model, solving the pre-constructed wind power plant multi-source reactive power optimization dispatching model, and obtaining the optimal reactive power output of a wind power generator set and dynamic reactive power compensation equipment in the wind power plant.
Further, an objective function of the pre-constructed wind power plant multi-source reactive power optimization scheduling model is determined according to the following formula:
minf(t)＝ωv||ΔVG(t)||2+ωc||QC(t)||2
in the formula, f (t) is a weighted value of the voltage fluctuation quantity of the wind turbine generator set terminal in the wind power plant and the reactive output quantity of the reactive compensation device; omegavA weight coefficient which is a rationality index of the voltage of the wind turbine generator set in the wind power plant; omegacWeighting coefficients of rationality indexes of reactive power margin of a wind generating set and reactive power margin of a dynamic reactive power compensation device in the wind power plant; | Δ VG(t)||2Is the t thThe norm of generator terminal voltage variation of a wind turbine generator in a wind power plant at any moment; | QC(t)||2The norm is the norm of the reactive output quantity of a reactive compensation device in the wind power plant at the t moment;
the norm of generator terminal voltage variation of a wind turbine generator in the wind power plant at the tth moment is determined according to the following formulaG(t)||2：
Figure BDA0002153714480000021
In the formula (I), the compound is shown in the specification,
Figure BDA0002153714480000022
the real-time voltage of the ith wind turbine generator participating in reactive power control in the wind power plant at the tth moment is obtained;
Figure BDA0002153714480000023
the reference voltage of the ith wind turbine generator participating in reactive power control in the wind power plant at the tth moment is obtained; n is a radical ofGThe total number of the wind turbine generators participating in reactive power control in the wind power plant;
determining norm of reactive output quantity of a reactive compensation device in the wind power plant at the tth moment according to the following formulaC(t)||：
Figure BDA0002153714480000024
In the formula (I), the compound is shown in the specification,
Figure BDA0002153714480000025
the real-time reactive output value of the jth dynamic reactive compensation equipment participating in reactive control in the wind power plant at the tth moment is obtained;
Figure BDA0002153714480000026
the real-time reactive output value of the ith wind turbine generator participating in reactive power control in the wind power plant at the tth moment is obtained;
Figure BDA0002153714480000027
for the reactive power regulation reference quantity of the jth dynamic reactive power compensation equipment participating in reactive power control in the wind power plant at the tth moment,
Figure BDA0002153714480000031
Figure BDA0002153714480000032
for the reactive power regulation reference quantity of the ith wind turbine generator participating in reactive power control in the wind power plant at the t moment,
Figure BDA0002153714480000033
Figure BDA0002153714480000034
the adjustable reactive power upper limit of jth dynamic reactive power compensation equipment participating in reactive power control in the wind power plant at the tth moment is set;
Figure BDA0002153714480000035
the adjustable reactive power upper limit of the ith wind turbine generator participating in reactive power control in the wind power plant at the tth moment;
Figure BDA0002153714480000036
the adjustable reactive power lower limit of jth dynamic reactive power compensation equipment participating in reactive power control in the wind power plant at the tth moment is set;
Figure BDA0002153714480000037
the adjustable reactive lower limit of the ith wind turbine generator participating in reactive control in the wind power plant at the tth moment is set; alpha is alphajThe acceleration factor of the jth dynamic reactive power compensation equipment participating in reactive power control in the wind power plant is obtained; alpha is alphaiThe acceleration factor of the jth wind turbine generator participating in reactive power control in the wind power plant is obtained; n is a radical ofCThe total number of the dynamic reactive compensation equipment participating in reactive control in the wind power plant.
Further, determining a wind power plant grid-connected point voltage deviation constraint condition of an objective function of the pre-constructed wind power plant multi-source reactive power optimization scheduling model according to the following formula:
Figure BDA0002153714480000038
in the formula (I), the compound is shown in the specification,
Figure BDA0002153714480000039
a grid-connected point voltage instruction value is issued by a power grid dispatching system at the t moment; vPCC(t) the voltage of a real-time grid-connected point of the wind power plant at the tth moment;
Figure BDA00021537144800000310
the method comprises the steps that a voltage control deviation instruction value allowed by a wind power plant is issued by a power grid dispatching system at the t moment;
determining the constraint condition of the adjustable reactive power limit of the dynamic supplementary equipment participating in reactive power control in the wind power plant of the objective function of the pre-constructed wind power plant multi-source reactive power optimization scheduling model according to the following formula:
Figure BDA00021537144800000311
in the formula (I), the compound is shown in the specification,
Figure BDA00021537144800000312
a voltage control dead zone for a wind farm;
Figure BDA00021537144800000313
the maximum reactive power output value of the jth dynamic reactive power compensation equipment participating in reactive power control in the wind power plant is obtained;
Figure BDA00021537144800000314
the minimum reactive power output value of the jth dynamic reactive power compensation equipment participating in reactive power control in the wind power plant is obtained;
determining the constraint condition of the adjustable reactive power limit of the unit in the wind power plant of the objective function of the pre-constructed wind power plant multi-source reactive power optimization scheduling model according to the following formula:
Figure BDA00021537144800000315
in the formula (I), the compound is shown in the specification,
Figure BDA0002153714480000041
the maximum reactive power output value of the z-th unit in the wind power plant is obtained;
Figure BDA0002153714480000042
and the minimum reactive power output value of the z-th unit in the wind power plant.
Determining an active power balance constraint condition of an objective function of the pre-constructed wind power plant reactive control model according to the following formula:
Figure BDA0002153714480000043
in the formula (I), the compound is shown in the specification,
Figure BDA0002153714480000044
the active power generation power of a node k in the power grid at the t moment;
Figure BDA0002153714480000045
the active load power of a node k in the power grid at the t moment; vkThe voltage amplitude of a node k in the power grid at the t moment is obtained; vp(t) is the voltage amplitude of the node p in the power grid at the tth moment; gkp(t) is the conductance value between node k and node p in the power grid; b iskpThe susceptance value between a node k and a node p in the power grid is obtained; thetakpThe phase angle between a node k and a node p in the power grid; n is a radical ofSThe total number of nodes in the power grid;
determining reactive power balance constraint conditions of an objective function of the pre-constructed wind power plant reactive control model according to the following formula:
Figure BDA0002153714480000046
in the formula, QGkFor the electric network at the t-th momentReactive power generation power of the middle node k; qDkThe reactive load power of a node k in the power grid at the t moment;
determining a node voltage amplitude constraint condition of an objective function of the pre-constructed wind power plant reactive control model according to the following formula:
Vkmin≤Vk(t)≤Vkmax
in the formula, VkmaxThe upper limit of the voltage amplitude of a node k in the power grid; vkminThe lower limit of the voltage amplitude of the node k in the power grid; k is an element of (1 to N)s)；NsThe total number of nodes in the power grid;
determining transformer tap gear constraint conditions of an objective function of the pre-constructed wind power plant reactive control model according to the following formula:
Tgmin≤Tg(t)≤Tgmax
in the formula, TgminThe lower limit value of a tap gear of the g-th on-load tap changing transformer in the wind power plant; t isg(t) is the tap gear value of the g-th on-load tap changing transformer in the wind power plant at the t-th moment; t isgmaxThe upper limit value of a tap gear of the g-th on-load tap changing transformer in the wind power plant; g is an element from 1 to NT)，NTThe total number of the on-load tap changers in the wind power plant;
determining reactive power output constraint conditions of dynamic reactive power compensation equipment of the objective function of the pre-constructed wind power plant reactive power control model according to the following formula:
Figure BDA0002153714480000051
in the formula (I), the compound is shown in the specification,
Figure BDA0002153714480000052
the adjustable reactive power of the jth dynamic reactive power compensation device participating in reactive power control in the wind power plant at the tth moment is obtained;
determining the wind turbine generator reactive power output constraint condition of the objective function of the pre-constructed wind power plant reactive power control model according to the following formula:
Figure BDA0002153714480000053
in the formula (I), the compound is shown in the specification,
Figure BDA0002153714480000054
the adjustable reactive power of the jth dynamic reactive power compensation device participating in reactive power control in the wind power plant at the tth moment.
The invention provides a wind power plant reactive power optimization scheduling system, which is improved in that the system comprises:
a determination module: the system is used for determining the optimal reactive output of a wind turbine generator set and dynamic reactive compensation equipment in the wind power plant according to a grid-connected point voltage instruction value issued by a power grid dispatching system;
an adjusting module: the method is used for adjusting the reactive output of the wind turbine generator and the dynamic reactive compensation equipment in the wind power plant to be the optimal reactive output of the wind turbine generator and the dynamic reactive compensation equipment in the wind power plant.
Preferably, the determining module is configured to:
and substituting the grid-connected point voltage instruction value issued by the power grid dispatching system into a pre-constructed wind power plant multi-source reactive power optimization dispatching model, solving the pre-constructed wind power plant multi-source reactive power optimization dispatching model, and obtaining the optimal reactive power output of a wind power generator set and dynamic reactive power compensation equipment in the wind power plant.
Further, an objective function of the pre-constructed wind power plant multi-source reactive power optimization scheduling model is determined according to the following formula:
minf(t)＝ωv||ΔVG(t)||2+ωc||QC(t)||2
in the formula, f (t) is a weighted value of the voltage fluctuation quantity of the wind turbine generator set terminal in the wind power plant and the reactive output quantity of the reactive compensation device; omegavA weight coefficient which is a rationality index of the voltage of the wind turbine generator set in the wind power plant; omegacWeighting coefficients of rationality indexes of reactive power margin of a wind generating set and reactive power margin of a dynamic reactive power compensation device in the wind power plant; | Δ VG(t)||2The norm is the norm of generator terminal voltage variation of a wind turbine generator in the wind power plant at the tth moment; | QC(t)||2The norm is the norm of the reactive output quantity of a reactive compensation device in the wind power plant at the t moment;
the norm of generator terminal voltage variation of a wind turbine generator in the wind power plant at the tth moment is determined according to the following formulaG(t)||2：
Figure BDA0002153714480000061
In the formula (I), the compound is shown in the specification,
Figure BDA0002153714480000062
the real-time voltage of the ith wind turbine generator participating in reactive power control in the wind power plant at the tth moment is obtained;
Figure BDA0002153714480000063
the reference voltage of the ith wind turbine generator participating in reactive power control in the wind power plant at the tth moment is obtained; n is a radical ofGThe total number of the wind turbine generators participating in reactive power control in the wind power plant;
determining norm of reactive output quantity of a reactive compensation device in the wind power plant at the tth moment according to the following formulaC(t)||：
Figure BDA0002153714480000064
In the formula (I), the compound is shown in the specification,
Figure BDA0002153714480000065
the real-time reactive output value of the jth dynamic reactive compensation equipment participating in reactive control in the wind power plant at the tth moment is obtained;
Figure BDA0002153714480000066
the real-time reactive output value of the ith wind turbine generator participating in reactive power control in the wind power plant at the tth moment is obtained;
Figure BDA0002153714480000067
for the reactive power regulation reference quantity of the jth dynamic reactive power compensation equipment participating in reactive power control in the wind power plant at the tth moment,
Figure BDA0002153714480000068
Figure BDA0002153714480000069
for the reactive power regulation reference quantity of the ith wind turbine generator participating in reactive power control in the wind power plant at the t moment,
Figure BDA00021537144800000610
Figure BDA00021537144800000611
the adjustable reactive power upper limit of jth dynamic reactive power compensation equipment participating in reactive power control in the wind power plant at the tth moment is set;
Figure BDA00021537144800000612
the adjustable reactive power upper limit of the ith wind turbine generator participating in reactive power control in the wind power plant at the tth moment;
Figure BDA00021537144800000613
the adjustable reactive power lower limit of jth dynamic reactive power compensation equipment participating in reactive power control in the wind power plant at the tth moment is set;
Figure BDA00021537144800000614
the adjustable reactive lower limit of the ith wind turbine generator participating in reactive control in the wind power plant at the tth moment is set; alpha is alphajThe acceleration factor of the jth dynamic reactive power compensation equipment participating in reactive power control in the wind power plant is obtained; alpha is alphaiThe acceleration factor of the jth wind turbine generator participating in reactive power control in the wind power plant is obtained; n is a radical ofCThe total number of the dynamic reactive compensation equipment participating in reactive control in the wind power plant.
Further, determining a wind power plant grid-connected point voltage deviation constraint condition of an objective function of the pre-constructed wind power plant multi-source reactive power optimization scheduling model according to the following formula:
Figure BDA00021537144800000615
in the formula (I), the compound is shown in the specification,
Figure BDA00021537144800000616
a grid-connected point voltage instruction value is issued by a power grid dispatching system at the t moment; vPCC(t) the voltage of a real-time grid-connected point of the wind power plant at the tth moment;
Figure BDA00021537144800000617
the method comprises the steps that a voltage control deviation instruction value allowed by a wind power plant is issued by a power grid dispatching system at the t moment;
determining the constraint condition of the adjustable reactive power limit of the dynamic supplementary equipment participating in reactive power control in the wind power plant of the objective function of the pre-constructed wind power plant multi-source reactive power optimization scheduling model according to the following formula:
Figure BDA0002153714480000071
in the formula (I), the compound is shown in the specification,
Figure BDA0002153714480000072
a voltage control dead zone for a wind farm;
Figure BDA0002153714480000073
the maximum reactive power output value of the jth dynamic reactive power compensation equipment participating in reactive power control in the wind power plant is obtained;
Figure BDA0002153714480000074
the minimum reactive power output value of the jth dynamic reactive power compensation equipment participating in reactive power control in the wind power plant is obtained;
determining the constraint condition of the adjustable reactive power limit of the unit in the wind power plant of the objective function of the pre-constructed wind power plant multi-source reactive power optimization scheduling model according to the following formula:
Figure BDA0002153714480000075
in the formula (I), the compound is shown in the specification,
Figure BDA0002153714480000076
the maximum reactive power output value of the z-th unit in the wind power plant is obtained;
Figure BDA0002153714480000077
and the minimum reactive power output value of the z-th unit in the wind power plant.
Determining an active power balance constraint condition of an objective function of the pre-constructed wind power plant reactive control model according to the following formula:
Figure BDA0002153714480000078
in the formula (I), the compound is shown in the specification,
Figure BDA0002153714480000079
the active power generation power of a node k in the power grid at the t moment;
Figure BDA00021537144800000710
the active load power of a node k in the power grid at the t moment; vkThe voltage amplitude of a node k in the power grid at the t moment is obtained; vp(t) is the voltage amplitude of the node p in the power grid at the tth moment; gkp(t) is the conductance value between node k and node p in the power grid; b iskpThe susceptance value between a node k and a node p in the power grid is obtained; thetakpThe phase angle between a node k and a node p in the power grid; n is a radical ofSThe total number of nodes in the power grid;
determining reactive power balance constraint conditions of an objective function of the pre-constructed wind power plant reactive control model according to the following formula:
Figure BDA00021537144800000711
in the formula, QGkThe reactive power generation power of a node k in the power grid at the t moment; qDkThe reactive load power of a node k in the power grid at the t moment;
determining a node voltage amplitude constraint condition of an objective function of the pre-constructed wind power plant reactive control model according to the following formula:
Vkmin≤Vk(t)≤Vkmax
in the formula, VkmaxThe upper limit of the voltage amplitude of a node k in the power grid; vkminThe lower limit of the voltage amplitude of the node k in the power grid; k is an element of (1 to N)s)；NsThe total number of nodes in the power grid;
determining transformer tap gear constraint conditions of an objective function of the pre-constructed wind power plant reactive control model according to the following formula:
Tgmin≤Tg(t)≤Tgmax
in the formula, TgminThe lower limit value of a tap gear of the g-th on-load tap changing transformer in the wind power plant; t isg(t) is the tap gear value of the g-th on-load tap changing transformer in the wind power plant at the t-th moment; t isgmaxThe upper limit value of a tap gear of the g-th on-load tap changing transformer in the wind power plant; g is an element from 1 to NT)，NTThe total number of the on-load tap changers in the wind power plant;
determining reactive power output constraint conditions of dynamic reactive power compensation equipment of the objective function of the pre-constructed wind power plant reactive power control model according to the following formula:
Figure BDA0002153714480000081
in the formula (I), the compound is shown in the specification,
Figure BDA0002153714480000082
the adjustable reactive power of the jth dynamic reactive power compensation device participating in reactive power control in the wind power plant at the tth moment is obtained;
determining the wind turbine generator reactive power output constraint condition of the objective function of the pre-constructed wind power plant reactive power control model according to the following formula:
Figure BDA0002153714480000083
in the formula (I), the compound is shown in the specification,
Figure BDA0002153714480000084
the adjustable reactive power of the jth dynamic reactive power compensation device participating in reactive power control in the wind power plant at the tth moment.
Compared with the closest prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
according to the technical scheme provided by the invention, the optimal reactive power output of a wind turbine generator set and dynamic reactive power compensation equipment in a wind power plant is determined according to a grid connection point voltage instruction value issued by a power grid dispatching system; adjusting reactive outputs of a wind turbine generator set and dynamic reactive compensation equipment in a wind power plant to be optimal reactive outputs of the wind turbine generator set and the dynamic reactive compensation equipment in the wind power plant; the regulation characteristics of a wind turbine generator and dynamic reactive compensation equipment in the wind power plant are fully considered, on the premise that safe and stable operation of the wind power plant is guaranteed, reactive regulation capacity of the wind turbine generator is fully utilized to participate in reactive voltage control of the wind power plant, regulation allowance of the dynamic reactive compensation equipment in the wind power plant is maximized, and active power grid friendliness of the wind power plant is improved.
According to the technical scheme provided by the invention, the optimal reactive power control scheme under the current operating condition can be obtained through optimization calculation only by utilizing the monitoring data of the existing monitoring system of the current wind power plant;
the technical scheme provided by the invention is suitable for wind power plants with different installed capacities and different power grid access modes, and meanwhile, the method can be popularized to a reactive voltage optimization coordination control system of a photovoltaic power station, and the control method has universality.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a wind farm reactive power optimization scheduling method;
FIG. 2 is a wiring diagram of a simulated wind farm system in an embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 3 is a graph showing an active power output curve and a reactive power output curve of a grid-connected point of a wind power plant in the embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 4 is a graph of voltage command issued by a grid-connected point real-time voltage and scheduling of a wind power plant in the embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 5 is a reactive output curve diagram of different reactive control modes in the embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 6 shows the terminal voltage of the wind turbine generator set under 60% output in the embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 7 shows the reactive power output of the wind turbine generator under 60% of the output condition in the embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 8 is a terminal voltage of the wind turbine generator set at 80% of the output in the embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 9 shows the reactive power output of the wind turbine generator under 80% of the output condition in the embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 10 is a structural diagram of a wind farm reactive power optimization scheduling system.
Detailed Description
The following describes embodiments of the present invention in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are some, but not all, embodiments of the present invention. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
The invention provides a reactive power optimization scheduling method for a wind power plant, which is based on online real-time monitoring data of the wind power plant, comprehensively considers coordination and coordination of multiple reactive power sources in the plant in time scale and space granularity according to a grid-connected point voltage control instruction issued by superior scheduling, and obtains optimal reactive power output of the wind power plant, which enables the terminal voltage of a wind generating set to be relatively reasonable, the reactive power margin of the wind generating set to be relatively balanced and the reactive power margin of dynamic compensation equipment to be relatively large, by optimization, as shown in figure 1, the method comprises the following steps:
step 101, determining the optimal reactive power output of a wind turbine generator set and dynamic reactive power compensation equipment in a wind power plant according to a grid connection point voltage instruction value issued by a power grid dispatching system;
and 102, adjusting reactive outputs of the wind turbine generator set and the dynamic reactive compensation equipment in the wind power plant to be optimal reactive outputs of the wind turbine generator set and the dynamic reactive compensation equipment in the wind power plant.
In the best embodiment of the invention, the monitoring data comprises information such as the reactive power and the machine terminal voltage of each wind turbine, the reactive power of the dynamic reactive power compensation device, the tap gear information of the transformer, the voltage, the active power and the reactive power of a wind power plant grid-connected point and the like.
In the best embodiment of the invention, the wind power plant reactive power control uses a wind power plant grid-connected point as a voltage control point, and when the voltage fluctuation is caused by the disturbance of a power grid or the upper-level dispatching voltage instruction changes, the voltage stability of the wind power plant grid-connected point is maintained by dynamically adjusting various reactive power sources in the wind power plant. The reactive power sources of the wind power plant comprise a wind turbine generator, a dynamic reactive power compensation device and a tap gear of a transformer if necessary, and the coordination and matching of multiple reactive power sources in the wind power plant in time scale are reflected in the problem of adjustment sequence, namely, the reactive power adjustment of the wind turbine generator is prioritized as far as possible within the allowed range of the generator terminal voltage of the wind turbine generator;
the coordination of multiple reactive power sources in a wind power plant in a space scale is embodied in a space granularity, namely, the space distribution of a wind power plant needs to be fully considered to be adjusted in real time according to the actual conditions of terminal voltage and reactive power output of different fans because the wind power plant occupies a large area and has a small single machine capacity and the operating states of different fans have larger difference among different feeders or the same feeder.
Specifically, the determining the optimal reactive power output of the wind turbine generator set and the dynamic reactive power compensation equipment in the wind power plant according to the grid-connected point voltage instruction value issued by the power grid dispatching system includes:
and substituting the grid-connected point voltage instruction value issued by the power grid dispatching system into a pre-constructed wind power plant multi-source reactive power optimization dispatching model, solving the pre-constructed wind power plant multi-source reactive power optimization dispatching model, and obtaining the optimal reactive power output of a wind power generator set and dynamic reactive power compensation equipment in the wind power plant.
Further, an objective function of the pre-constructed wind power plant multi-source reactive power optimization scheduling model is determined according to the following formula:
minf(t)＝ωv||ΔVG(t)||2+ωc||QC(t)||2
in the formula, f (t) is a weighted value of the voltage fluctuation quantity of the wind turbine generator set terminal in the wind power plant and the reactive output quantity of the reactive compensation device; omegavA weight coefficient which is a rationality index of the voltage of the wind turbine generator set in the wind power plant; omegacWeighting coefficients of rationality indexes of reactive power margin of a wind generating set and reactive power margin of a dynamic reactive power compensation device in the wind power plant; | Δ VG(t)||2The norm is the norm of generator terminal voltage variation of a wind turbine generator in the wind power plant at the tth moment; | QC(t)||2The norm is the norm of the reactive output quantity of a reactive compensation device in the wind power plant at the t moment;
the norm of generator terminal voltage variation of a wind turbine generator in the wind power plant at the tth moment is determined according to the following formulaG(t)||2：
Figure BDA0002153714480000101
In the formula (I), the compound is shown in the specification,
Figure BDA0002153714480000102
the real-time voltage of the ith wind turbine generator participating in reactive power control in the wind power plant at the tth moment is obtained;
Figure BDA0002153714480000103
the reference voltage of the ith wind turbine generator participating in reactive power control in the wind power plant at the tth moment is obtained; n is a radical ofGThe total number of the wind turbine generators participating in reactive power control in the wind power plant;
in the best embodiment of the invention, the feeder line type, the fan spacing and the fan output of the large wind power plant all influence the terminal voltage distribution of different wind power sets on the same feeder line, and the reactive power control of the wind power plant ensures that the terminal voltage of the wind power sets on each feeder line in the wind power plant is in a reasonable range, has balanced voltage margin and avoids the wind power sets from being disconnected.
Determining norm of reactive output quantity of a reactive compensation device in the wind power plant at the tth moment according to the following formulaC(t)||：
Figure BDA0002153714480000111
In the formula (I), the compound is shown in the specification,
Figure BDA0002153714480000112
the real-time reactive output value of the jth dynamic reactive compensation equipment participating in reactive control in the wind power plant at the tth moment is obtained;
Figure BDA0002153714480000113
the real-time reactive output value of the ith wind turbine generator participating in reactive power control in the wind power plant at the tth moment is obtained;
Figure BDA0002153714480000114
for the reactive power regulation reference quantity of the jth dynamic reactive power compensation equipment participating in reactive power control in the wind power plant at the tth moment,
Figure BDA0002153714480000115
Figure BDA0002153714480000116
for the reactive power regulation reference quantity of the ith wind turbine generator participating in reactive power control in the wind power plant at the t moment,
Figure BDA0002153714480000117
Figure BDA0002153714480000118
the adjustable reactive power upper limit of jth dynamic reactive power compensation equipment participating in reactive power control in the wind power plant at the tth moment is set;
Figure BDA0002153714480000119
the adjustable reactive power upper limit of the ith wind turbine generator participating in reactive power control in the wind power plant at the tth moment;
Figure BDA00021537144800001110
the adjustable reactive power lower limit of jth dynamic reactive power compensation equipment participating in reactive power control in the wind power plant at the tth moment is set;
Figure BDA00021537144800001111
the adjustable reactive lower limit of the ith wind turbine generator participating in reactive control in the wind power plant at the tth moment is set; alpha is alphajThe acceleration factor of the jth dynamic reactive power compensation equipment participating in reactive power control in the wind power plant is obtained; alpha is alphaiThe acceleration factor of the jth wind turbine generator participating in reactive power control in the wind power plant is obtained; n is a radical ofCThe total number of the dynamic reactive compensation equipment participating in reactive control in the wind power plant.
In the best embodiment of the invention, the SVC, SVG and other dynamic reactive power compensation equipment configured in the wind farm has the rapid reactive power regulation capability and can provide reactive power support during the fault period. Considering the reactive support capability of the power grid in a transient state, the wind turbine preferentially undertakes the tasks of reactive power regulation and voltage regulation during the steady-state operation; for SVC and other dynamic reactive power compensation equipment, take
Figure BDA00021537144800001112
So as to ensure that the wind turbine generator preferentially undertakes the reactive power regulation task; for wind turbine generators, take
Figure BDA00021537144800001113
The wind turbine generator participating in reactive power control of the wind power plant has relatively balanced reactive margin within a reactive power regulation range.
Further, determining a wind power plant grid-connected point voltage deviation constraint condition of an objective function of the pre-constructed wind power plant multi-source reactive power optimization scheduling model according to the following formula:
Figure BDA0002153714480000121
in the formula (I), the compound is shown in the specification,
Figure BDA0002153714480000122
a grid-connected point voltage instruction value is issued by a power grid dispatching system at the t moment; vPCC(t) the voltage of a real-time grid-connected point of the wind power plant at the tth moment;
Figure BDA0002153714480000123
the method comprises the steps that a voltage control deviation instruction value allowed by a wind power plant is issued by a power grid dispatching system at the t moment;
determining the constraint condition of the adjustable reactive power limit of the dynamic supplementary equipment participating in reactive power control in the wind power plant of the objective function of the pre-constructed wind power plant multi-source reactive power optimization scheduling model according to the following formula:
Figure BDA0002153714480000124
in the formula (I), the compound is shown in the specification,
Figure BDA0002153714480000125
a voltage control dead zone for a wind farm;
Figure BDA0002153714480000126
the maximum reactive power output value of the jth dynamic reactive power compensation equipment participating in reactive power control in the wind power plant is obtained;
Figure BDA0002153714480000127
the minimum reactive power output value of the jth dynamic reactive power compensation equipment participating in reactive power control in the wind power plant is obtained;
in the best embodiment of the invention, because the reactive power of the wind turbine generator, the SVC and other dynamic reactive power compensation equipment has bidirectional regulation capability, in order to ensure that the reactive power sources in the wind power plant have the same regulation direction, the adjustable upper and lower limits of the reactive power sources need to be set in advance according to the current wind power plant operation condition and the voltage regulation instruction.
Determining the constraint condition of the adjustable reactive power limit of the unit in the wind power plant of the objective function of the pre-constructed wind power plant multi-source reactive power optimization scheduling model according to the following formula:
Figure BDA0002153714480000128
in the formula (I), the compound is shown in the specification,
Figure BDA0002153714480000129
the maximum reactive power output value of the z-th unit in the wind power plant is obtained;
Figure BDA00021537144800001210
and the minimum reactive power output value of the z-th unit in the wind power plant.
Determining an active power balance constraint condition of an objective function of the pre-constructed wind power plant reactive control model according to the following formula:
Figure BDA00021537144800001211
in the formula (I), the compound is shown in the specification,
Figure BDA00021537144800001212
the active power generation power of a node k in the power grid at the t moment;
Figure BDA00021537144800001213
the active load power of a node k in the power grid at the t moment; vkThe voltage amplitude of a node k in the power grid at the t moment is obtained; vp(t) is the voltage amplitude of the node p in the power grid at the tth moment; gkp(t) is the conductance value between node k and node p in the power grid; b iskpThe susceptance value between a node k and a node p in the power grid is obtained; thetakpThe phase angle between a node k and a node p in the power grid; n is a radical ofSThe total number of nodes in the power grid;
determining reactive power balance constraint conditions of an objective function of the pre-constructed wind power plant reactive control model according to the following formula:
Figure BDA0002153714480000131
in the formula, QGkThe reactive power generation power of a node k in the power grid at the t moment; qDkThe reactive load power of a node k in the power grid at the t moment;
determining a node voltage amplitude constraint condition of an objective function of the pre-constructed wind power plant reactive control model according to the following formula:
Vkmin≤Vk(t)≤Vkmax
in the formula, VkmaxThe upper limit of the voltage amplitude of a node k in the power grid; vkminThe lower limit of the voltage amplitude of the node k in the power grid; k is an element of (1 to N)s)；NsThe total number of nodes in the power grid;
determining transformer tap gear constraint conditions of an objective function of the pre-constructed wind power plant reactive control model according to the following formula:
Tgmin≤Tg(t)≤Tgmax
in the formula, TgminThe lower limit value of a tap gear of the g-th on-load tap changing transformer in the wind power plant; t isg(t) is the tap gear value of the g-th on-load tap changing transformer in the wind power plant at the t-th moment; t isgmaxThe upper limit value of a tap gear of the g-th on-load tap changing transformer in the wind power plant; g is an element from 1 to NT)，NTThe total number of the on-load tap changers in the wind power plant;
determining reactive power output constraint conditions of dynamic reactive power compensation equipment of the objective function of the pre-constructed wind power plant reactive power control model according to the following formula:
Figure BDA0002153714480000132
in the formula (I), the compound is shown in the specification,
Figure BDA0002153714480000133
for the jth dynamic reactive power compensation device participating in reactive power control in the wind farm at the tth momentAdjustable reactive power;
determining the wind turbine generator reactive power output constraint condition of the objective function of the pre-constructed wind power plant reactive power control model according to the following formula:
Figure BDA0002153714480000134
in the formula (I), the compound is shown in the specification,
Figure BDA0002153714480000141
the adjustable reactive power of the jth dynamic reactive power compensation device participating in reactive power control in the wind power plant at the tth moment.
In the best embodiment of the invention, if the regulation of the reactive output of the wind turbine generator and the reactive output of the dynamic reactive power compensation device cannot keep the voltage of the grid-connected point of the wind power plant within the voltage limit of the grid-connected point of the wind power plant, the distribution of the reactive power can be changed by regulating the tap joint of the transformer, so that the voltage of the grid-connected point can be changed.
In the best embodiment of the invention, simulation and field verification are carried out by taking a certain actual wind power plant as an example, and an example system is shown in FIG. 2. The installed capacity of the wind power plant is 201MW, 134 double-fed wind power plants with 1.5MW, two main transformers and two sets of SVCs are arranged, 10 feeders in the plant all adopt underground cables, and wind power generation units on each feeder are numbered according to the sequence from near to far away from a collection point.
The reactive control of the wind turbine generator adopts a power control mode and can be operated at any point in a PQ capacity curve. The capacity of two sets of SVCs in the wind power plant is-40-60 MVar. And considering the limiting factors of the control authority and the action times of the main variable-branch joint of the booster station, the method is not used as an adjusting means for reactive voltage control for the time.
In order to compare the control effects of different reactive voltage control methods, the following three reactive voltage control modes are respectively adopted for simulation:
in the method 1, only SVC of a booster station of a wind power plant is adopted for reactive voltage control;
in the mode 2, only DFIG is adopted for reactive voltage control, and reactive power output between fans is distributed by adopting an equal offset method;
in the mode 3, the SVC and the DFIG both participate in reactive voltage control, and reactive power output of different reactive power sources is distributed by the method. And carrying out simulation analysis under the conditions of continuous variation of wind speed and different output of the wind power plant.
(1) Simulation analysis of continuous variation of wind speed
Fig. 3 shows the daily change of the active power and the reactive power of the grid-connected point of the wind power plant when the grid voltage is 0.985 p.u.; FIG. 4 shows daily variation of grid-connected point voltage and grid-connected point voltage control commands for the wind farm when grid voltage is 0.985 p.u.;
the voltage shown by the dotted line in fig. 4 is used as a voltage control instruction of a grid-connected point of the wind farm, and reactive output curves of reactive power sources in the wind farm are different when different reactive voltage control modes are adopted, as shown in fig. 5:
the reactive output curves of the mode 1 and the mode 2 can be obtained, under the condition that the reactive power regulation capacity of the wind turbine generator set is sufficient, the DFIG cluster can achieve the same voltage regulation effect as that of centralized reactive power compensation equipment, but the reactive output of the DFIG cluster is slightly higher than that of an SVC. The wind turbine generator and the centralized reactive compensation equipment are different in physical tightness degree from a grid-connected point of a wind power plant, and reactive power output by the wind turbine generator is transmitted through a current collecting circuit and a multiple transformer, so that certain loss can be generated.
In the mode 3, the reactive power output of the DFIG cluster and the SVC is coordinated and controlled, so that the DFIG cluster preferentially undertakes the voltage regulation task, the reactive power output of the SVC and the DFIG cluster is lower than that of the modes 1 and 2, and the reactive power loss in the wind power plant is reduced while the SVC reactive margin is improved.
(2) Simulation analysis of typical operating conditions
When the grid voltage is kept at 0.985p.u. and the voltage control command of the grid-connected point is 1.0p.u., respectively taking 60% and 80% of the output working condition of the wind power plant as research scenes, and adopting the 3 different control modes to control the reactive voltage of the wind power plant. The simulation results are as follows:
FIG. 6 is a graph showing terminal voltage curves of a doubly-fed wind turbine generator after reactive power regulation is performed in 3 ways under 60% of wind power plant output conditions; FIG. 7 is a graph showing reactive power output curves of the doubly-fed wind turbine generator after reactive power regulation is respectively performed in 3 ways under the working condition of 60% wind power plant output; FIG. 8 is a graph showing terminal voltage curves of the doubly-fed wind turbine generator after reactive power regulation is performed in 3 ways under 80% of wind power plant output conditions; FIG. 9 is a graph showing reactive power output curves of the doubly-fed wind turbine generator after reactive power regulation is performed in 3 ways under 80% of wind farm output conditions;
in the mode 1, the wind turbine generator does not participate in reactive voltage regulation, so that the generator terminal voltage of the wind turbine generator is relatively low. In the mode 2, the wind turbine generator participates in reactive power regulation and the reactive power output is relatively balanced, the terminal voltage of the wind turbine generator integrally shows the trend that the terminal voltage rises along with the increase of the distance of the feeder line, and the wind turbine generator positioned at the tail end of the long feeder line is overhigh in terminal voltage due to the fact that the reactive power output is large, and the reliable operation of the wind turbine generator is possibly influenced. Compared with the mode 1 and the mode 2, the wind power plant reactive power optimization scheduling method considers the reasonability of the generator terminal voltage of the wind turbine generator from the full field perspective, the reactive power output of the wind turbine generator is reduced along with the increase of the distance of the feeder line, and the trend that the generator terminal voltage is increased along with the increase of the distance of the feeder line is relieved.
The invention provides a wind power plant reactive power optimization scheduling system, as shown in fig. 10, the system comprises:
a determination module: the system is used for determining the optimal reactive output of a wind turbine generator set and dynamic reactive compensation equipment in the wind power plant according to a grid-connected point voltage instruction value issued by a power grid dispatching system;
an adjusting module: the method is used for adjusting the reactive output of the wind turbine generator and the dynamic reactive compensation equipment in the wind power plant to be the optimal reactive output of the wind turbine generator and the dynamic reactive compensation equipment in the wind power plant.
Specifically, the determining module is configured to:
and substituting the grid-connected point voltage instruction value issued by the power grid dispatching system into a pre-constructed wind power plant multi-source reactive power optimization dispatching model, solving the pre-constructed wind power plant multi-source reactive power optimization dispatching model, and obtaining the optimal reactive power output of a wind power generator set and dynamic reactive power compensation equipment in the wind power plant.
Further, an objective function of the pre-constructed wind power plant multi-source reactive power optimization scheduling model is determined according to the following formula:
minf(t)＝ωv||ΔVG(t)||2+ωc||QC(t)||2
in the formula, f (t) is a weighted value of the voltage fluctuation quantity of the wind turbine generator set terminal in the wind power plant and the reactive output quantity of the reactive compensation device; omegavA weight coefficient which is a rationality index of the voltage of the wind turbine generator set in the wind power plant; omegacWeighting coefficients of rationality indexes of reactive power margin of a wind generating set and reactive power margin of a dynamic reactive power compensation device in the wind power plant; | Δ VG(t)||2The norm is the norm of generator terminal voltage variation of a wind turbine generator in the wind power plant at the tth moment; | QC(t)||2The norm is the norm of the reactive output quantity of a reactive compensation device in the wind power plant at the t moment;
the norm of generator terminal voltage variation of a wind turbine generator in the wind power plant at the tth moment is determined according to the following formulaG(t)||2：
Figure BDA0002153714480000161
In the formula (I), the compound is shown in the specification,
Figure BDA0002153714480000162
the real-time voltage of the ith wind turbine generator participating in reactive power control in the wind power plant at the tth moment is obtained;
Figure BDA0002153714480000163
the reference voltage of the ith wind turbine generator participating in reactive power control in the wind power plant at the tth moment is obtained; n is a radical ofGThe total number of the wind turbine generators participating in reactive power control in the wind power plant;
determining norm of reactive output quantity of a reactive compensation device in the wind power plant at the tth moment according to the following formulaC(t)||：
Figure BDA0002153714480000164
In the formula (I), the compound is shown in the specification,
Figure BDA0002153714480000165
the real-time reactive output value of the jth dynamic reactive compensation equipment participating in reactive control in the wind power plant at the tth moment is obtained;
Figure BDA0002153714480000166
the real-time reactive output value of the ith wind turbine generator participating in reactive power control in the wind power plant at the tth moment is obtained;
Figure BDA0002153714480000167
for the reactive power regulation reference quantity of the jth dynamic reactive power compensation equipment participating in reactive power control in the wind power plant at the tth moment,
Figure BDA0002153714480000168
Figure BDA0002153714480000169
for the reactive power regulation reference quantity of the ith wind turbine generator participating in reactive power control in the wind power plant at the t moment,
Figure BDA00021537144800001610
Figure BDA00021537144800001611
the adjustable reactive power upper limit of jth dynamic reactive power compensation equipment participating in reactive power control in the wind power plant at the tth moment is set;
Figure BDA00021537144800001612
the adjustable reactive power upper limit of the ith wind turbine generator participating in reactive power control in the wind power plant at the tth moment;
Figure BDA00021537144800001613
the adjustable reactive power lower limit of jth dynamic reactive power compensation equipment participating in reactive power control in the wind power plant at the tth moment is set;
Figure BDA00021537144800001614
the adjustable reactive lower limit of the ith wind turbine generator participating in reactive control in the wind power plant at the tth moment is set; alpha is alphajThe acceleration factor of the jth dynamic reactive power compensation equipment participating in reactive power control in the wind power plant is obtained; alpha is alphaiThe acceleration factor of the jth wind turbine generator participating in reactive power control in the wind power plant is obtained; n is a radical ofCThe total number of the dynamic reactive compensation equipment participating in reactive control in the wind power plant.
Further, determining a wind power plant grid-connected point voltage deviation constraint condition of an objective function of the pre-constructed wind power plant multi-source reactive power optimization scheduling model according to the following formula:
Figure BDA00021537144800001615
in the formula (I), the compound is shown in the specification,
Figure BDA0002153714480000171
a grid-connected point voltage instruction value is issued by a power grid dispatching system at the t moment; vPCC(t) the voltage of a real-time grid-connected point of the wind power plant at the tth moment;
Figure BDA0002153714480000172
the method comprises the steps that a voltage control deviation instruction value allowed by a wind power plant is issued by a power grid dispatching system at the t moment;
determining the constraint condition of the adjustable reactive power limit of the dynamic supplementary equipment participating in reactive power control in the wind power plant of the objective function of the pre-constructed wind power plant multi-source reactive power optimization scheduling model according to the following formula:
Figure BDA0002153714480000173
in the formula (I), the compound is shown in the specification,
Figure BDA0002153714480000174
a voltage control dead zone for a wind farm;
Figure BDA0002153714480000175
the maximum reactive power output value of the jth dynamic reactive power compensation equipment participating in reactive power control in the wind power plant is obtained;
Figure BDA0002153714480000176
the minimum reactive power output value of the jth dynamic reactive power compensation equipment participating in reactive power control in the wind power plant is obtained;
determining the constraint condition of the adjustable reactive power limit of the unit in the wind power plant of the objective function of the pre-constructed wind power plant multi-source reactive power optimization scheduling model according to the following formula:
Figure BDA0002153714480000177
in the formula (I), the compound is shown in the specification,
Figure BDA0002153714480000178
the maximum reactive power output value of the z-th unit in the wind power plant is obtained;
Figure BDA0002153714480000179
and the minimum reactive power output value of the z-th unit in the wind power plant.
Determining an active power balance constraint condition of an objective function of the pre-constructed wind power plant reactive control model according to the following formula:
Figure BDA00021537144800001710
in the formula (I), the compound is shown in the specification,
Figure BDA00021537144800001711
the active power generation power of a node k in the power grid at the t moment;
Figure BDA00021537144800001712
the active load power of a node k in the power grid at the t moment; vkThe voltage amplitude of a node k in the power grid at the t moment is obtained; vp(t) is the middle section of the power grid at the tth momentThe voltage amplitude at point p; gkp(t) is the conductance value between node k and node p in the power grid; b iskpThe susceptance value between a node k and a node p in the power grid is obtained; thetakpThe phase angle between a node k and a node p in the power grid; n is a radical ofSThe total number of nodes in the power grid;
determining reactive power balance constraint conditions of an objective function of the pre-constructed wind power plant reactive control model according to the following formula:
Figure BDA0002153714480000181
in the formula, QGkThe reactive power generation power of a node k in the power grid at the t moment; qDkThe reactive load power of a node k in the power grid at the t moment;
determining a node voltage amplitude constraint condition of an objective function of the pre-constructed wind power plant reactive control model according to the following formula:
Vkmin≤Vk(t)≤Vkmax
in the formula, VkmaxThe upper limit of the voltage amplitude of a node k in the power grid; vkminThe lower limit of the voltage amplitude of the node k in the power grid; k is an element of (1 to N)s)；NsThe total number of nodes in the power grid;
determining transformer tap gear constraint conditions of an objective function of the pre-constructed wind power plant reactive control model according to the following formula:
Tgmin≤Tg(t)≤Tgmax
in the formula, TgminThe lower limit value of a tap gear of the g-th on-load tap changing transformer in the wind power plant; t isg(t) is the tap gear value of the g-th on-load tap changing transformer in the wind power plant at the t-th moment; t isgmaxThe upper limit value of a tap gear of the g-th on-load tap changing transformer in the wind power plant; g is an element from 1 to NT)，NTThe total number of the on-load tap changers in the wind power plant;
determining reactive power output constraint conditions of dynamic reactive power compensation equipment of the objective function of the pre-constructed wind power plant reactive power control model according to the following formula:
Figure BDA0002153714480000182
in the formula (I), the compound is shown in the specification,
Figure BDA0002153714480000183
the adjustable reactive power of the jth dynamic reactive power compensation device participating in reactive power control in the wind power plant at the tth moment is obtained;
determining the wind turbine generator reactive power output constraint condition of the objective function of the pre-constructed wind power plant reactive power control model according to the following formula:
Figure BDA0002153714480000184
in the formula (I), the compound is shown in the specification,
Figure BDA0002153714480000185
the adjustable reactive power of the jth dynamic reactive power compensation device participating in reactive power control in the wind power plant at the tth moment.
As will be appreciated by one skilled in the art, embodiments of the present application may be provided as a method, system, or computer program product. Accordingly, the present application may take the form of an entirely hardware embodiment, an entirely software embodiment or an embodiment combining software and hardware aspects. Furthermore, the present application may take the form of a computer program product embodied on one or more computer-usable storage media (including, but not limited to, disk storage, CD-ROM, optical storage, and the like) having computer-usable program code embodied therein.
The present application is described with reference to flowchart illustrations and/or block diagrams of methods, apparatus (systems), and computer program products according to embodiments of the application. It will be understood that each flow and/or block of the flow diagrams and/or block diagrams, and combinations of flows and/or blocks in the flow diagrams and/or block diagrams, can be implemented by computer program instructions. These computer program instructions may be provided to a processor of a general purpose computer, special purpose computer, embedded processor, or other programmable data processing apparatus to produce a machine, such that the instructions, which execute via the processor of the computer or other programmable data processing apparatus, create means for implementing the functions specified in the flowchart flow or flows and/or block diagram block or blocks.
These computer program instructions may also be stored in a computer-readable memory that can direct a computer or other programmable data processing apparatus to function in a particular manner, such that the instructions stored in the computer-readable memory produce an article of manufacture including instruction means which implement the function specified in the flowchart flow or flows and/or block diagram block or blocks.
These computer program instructions may also be loaded onto a computer or other programmable data processing apparatus to cause a series of operational steps to be performed on the computer or other programmable apparatus to produce a computer implemented process such that the instructions which execute on the computer or other programmable apparatus provide steps for implementing the functions specified in the flowchart flow or flows and/or block diagram block or blocks.
Finally, it should be noted that: the above embodiments are only for illustrating the technical solutions of the present invention and not for limiting the same, and although the present invention is described in detail with reference to the above embodiments, those of ordinary skill in the art should understand that: modifications and equivalents may be made to the embodiments of the invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention, which is to be covered by the claims.

Claims (8)

1. A wind power plant reactive power optimization scheduling method is characterized by comprising the following steps:
determining the optimal reactive output of a wind turbine generator set and dynamic reactive compensation equipment in the wind power plant according to a grid-connected point voltage instruction value issued by a power grid dispatching system;
and adjusting the reactive output of the wind turbine generator set and the dynamic reactive compensation equipment in the wind power plant into the optimal reactive output of the wind turbine generator set and the dynamic reactive compensation equipment in the wind power plant.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein the determining the optimal reactive power output of the wind turbine generator system and the dynamic reactive power compensation equipment in the wind power plant according to the grid-connected point voltage command value issued by the grid dispatching system comprises:
and substituting the grid-connected point voltage instruction value issued by the power grid dispatching system into a pre-constructed wind power plant multi-source reactive power optimization dispatching model, solving the pre-constructed wind power plant multi-source reactive power optimization dispatching model, and obtaining the optimal reactive power output of a wind power generator set and dynamic reactive power compensation equipment in the wind power plant.
3. The method of claim 2, wherein the objective function of the pre-built wind farm multi-source reactive power optimization scheduling model is determined as follows:
min f(t)＝ωv||ΔVG(t)||2+ωc||QC(t)||2
in the formula, f (t) is a weighted value of the voltage fluctuation quantity of the wind turbine generator set terminal in the wind power plant and the reactive output quantity of the reactive compensation device; omegavA weight coefficient which is a rationality index of the voltage of the wind turbine generator set in the wind power plant; omegacWeighting coefficients of rationality indexes of reactive power margin of a wind generating set and reactive power margin of a dynamic reactive power compensation device in the wind power plant; | Δ VG(t)||2The norm is the norm of generator terminal voltage variation of a wind turbine generator in the wind power plant at the tth moment; | QC(t)||2The norm is the norm of the reactive output quantity of a reactive compensation device in the wind power plant at the t moment;
the norm of generator terminal voltage variation of a wind turbine generator in the wind power plant at the tth moment is determined according to the following formulaG(t)||2：
Figure FDA0002153714470000011
In the formula (I), the compound is shown in the specification,
Figure FDA0002153714470000012
the real-time voltage of the ith wind turbine generator participating in reactive power control in the wind power plant at the tth moment is obtained;
Figure FDA0002153714470000013
the reference voltage of the ith wind turbine generator participating in reactive power control in the wind power plant at the tth moment is obtained; n is a radical ofGThe total number of the wind turbine generators participating in reactive power control in the wind power plant;
determining norm of reactive output quantity of a reactive compensation device in the wind power plant at the tth moment according to the following formulaC(t)||：
Figure FDA0002153714470000014
In the formula (I), the compound is shown in the specification,
Figure FDA0002153714470000021
the real-time reactive output value of the jth dynamic reactive compensation equipment participating in reactive control in the wind power plant at the tth moment is obtained;
Figure FDA0002153714470000022
the real-time reactive output value of the ith wind turbine generator participating in reactive power control in the wind power plant at the tth moment is obtained;
Figure FDA0002153714470000023
for the reactive power regulation reference quantity of the jth dynamic reactive power compensation equipment participating in reactive power control in the wind power plant at the tth moment,
Figure FDA0002153714470000024
for the reactive power regulation reference quantity of the ith wind turbine generator participating in reactive power control in the wind power plant at the t moment,
Figure FDA0002153714470000025
Figure FDA0002153714470000026
the adjustable reactive power upper limit of jth dynamic reactive power compensation equipment participating in reactive power control in the wind power plant at the tth moment is set;
Figure FDA0002153714470000027
the adjustable reactive power upper limit of the ith wind turbine generator participating in reactive power control in the wind power plant at the tth moment;
Figure FDA0002153714470000028
the adjustable reactive power lower limit of jth dynamic reactive power compensation equipment participating in reactive power control in the wind power plant at the tth moment is set;
Figure FDA0002153714470000029
the adjustable reactive lower limit of the ith wind turbine generator participating in reactive control in the wind power plant at the tth moment is set; alpha is alphajThe acceleration factor of the jth dynamic reactive power compensation equipment participating in reactive power control in the wind power plant is obtained; alpha is alphaiThe acceleration factor of the jth wind turbine generator participating in reactive power control in the wind power plant is obtained; n is a radical ofCThe total number of the dynamic reactive compensation equipment participating in reactive control in the wind power plant.
4. The method of claim 2, wherein the wind farm grid-connected point voltage deviation constraint of the objective function of the pre-constructed wind farm multi-source reactive power optimization scheduling model is determined according to the following equation:
Figure FDA00021537144700000210
in the formula (I), the compound is shown in the specification,
Figure FDA00021537144700000211
a grid-connected point voltage instruction value is issued by a power grid dispatching system at the t moment; vPCC(t) is the tth timeThe voltage of a grid connection point of the wind power plant in real time;
Figure FDA00021537144700000212
the method comprises the steps that a voltage control deviation instruction value allowed by a wind power plant is issued by a power grid dispatching system at the t moment;
determining the constraint condition of the adjustable reactive power limit of the dynamic supplementary equipment participating in reactive power control in the wind power plant of the objective function of the pre-constructed wind power plant multi-source reactive power optimization scheduling model according to the following formula:
Figure FDA00021537144700000213
in the formula (I), the compound is shown in the specification,
Figure FDA00021537144700000214
a voltage control dead zone for a wind farm;
Figure FDA00021537144700000215
the maximum reactive power output value of the jth dynamic reactive power compensation equipment participating in reactive power control in the wind power plant is obtained;
Figure FDA00021537144700000216
the minimum reactive power output value of the jth dynamic reactive power compensation equipment participating in reactive power control in the wind power plant is obtained;
determining the constraint condition of the adjustable reactive power limit of the unit in the wind power plant of the objective function of the pre-constructed wind power plant multi-source reactive power optimization scheduling model according to the following formula:
Figure FDA0002153714470000031
in the formula (I), the compound is shown in the specification,
Figure FDA0002153714470000032
the maximum reactive power output value of the z-th unit in the wind power plant is obtained;
Figure FDA0002153714470000033
and the minimum reactive power output value of the z-th unit in the wind power plant.
Determining an active power balance constraint condition of an objective function of the pre-constructed wind power plant reactive control model according to the following formula:
Figure FDA0002153714470000034
in the formula (I), the compound is shown in the specification,
Figure FDA0002153714470000035
the active power generation power of a node k in the power grid at the t moment;
Figure FDA0002153714470000036
the active load power of a node k in the power grid at the t moment; vkThe voltage amplitude of a node k in the power grid at the t moment is obtained; vp(t) is the voltage amplitude of the node p in the power grid at the tth moment; gkp(t) is the conductance value between node k and node p in the power grid; b iskpThe susceptance value between a node k and a node p in the power grid is obtained; thetakpThe phase angle between a node k and a node p in the power grid; n is a radical ofSThe total number of nodes in the power grid;
determining reactive power balance constraint conditions of an objective function of the pre-constructed wind power plant reactive control model according to the following formula:
Figure FDA0002153714470000037
in the formula, QGkThe reactive power generation power of a node k in the power grid at the t moment; qDkThe reactive load power of a node k in the power grid at the t moment;
determining a node voltage amplitude constraint condition of an objective function of the pre-constructed wind power plant reactive control model according to the following formula:
Vkmin≤Vk(t)≤Vkmax
in the formula, VkmaxThe upper limit of the voltage amplitude of a node k in the power grid; vkminThe lower limit of the voltage amplitude of the node k in the power grid; k is an element of (1 to N)s)；NsThe total number of nodes in the power grid;
determining transformer tap gear constraint conditions of an objective function of the pre-constructed wind power plant reactive control model according to the following formula:
Tgmin≤Tg(t)≤Tgmax
in the formula, TgminThe lower limit value of a tap gear of the g-th on-load tap changing transformer in the wind power plant; t isg(t) is the tap gear value of the g-th on-load tap changing transformer in the wind power plant at the t-th moment; t isgmaxThe upper limit value of a tap gear of the g-th on-load tap changing transformer in the wind power plant; g is an element from 1 to NT)，NTThe total number of the on-load tap changers in the wind power plant;
determining reactive power output constraint conditions of dynamic reactive power compensation equipment of the objective function of the pre-constructed wind power plant reactive power control model according to the following formula:
Figure FDA0002153714470000041
in the formula (I), the compound is shown in the specification,
Figure FDA0002153714470000042
the adjustable reactive power of the jth dynamic reactive power compensation device participating in reactive power control in the wind power plant at the tth moment is obtained;
determining the wind turbine generator reactive power output constraint condition of the objective function of the pre-constructed wind power plant reactive power control model according to the following formula:
Figure FDA0002153714470000043
in the formula (I), the compound is shown in the specification,
Figure FDA0002153714470000044
the adjustable reactive power of the jth dynamic reactive power compensation device participating in reactive power control in the wind power plant at the tth moment.
5. A wind farm reactive power optimization scheduling system, characterized in that the system comprises:
a determination module: the system is used for determining the optimal reactive output of a wind turbine generator set and dynamic reactive compensation equipment in the wind power plant according to a grid-connected point voltage instruction value issued by a power grid dispatching system;
an adjusting module: the method is used for adjusting the reactive output of the wind turbine generator and the dynamic reactive compensation equipment in the wind power plant to be the optimal reactive output of the wind turbine generator and the dynamic reactive compensation equipment in the wind power plant.
6. The system of claim 5, wherein the determination module is to:
and substituting the grid-connected point voltage instruction value issued by the power grid dispatching system into a pre-constructed wind power plant multi-source reactive power optimization dispatching model, solving the pre-constructed wind power plant multi-source reactive power optimization dispatching model, and obtaining the optimal reactive power output of a wind power generator set and dynamic reactive power compensation equipment in the wind power plant.
7. The system of claim 6, wherein an objective function of the pre-built wind farm multi-source reactive power optimization scheduling model is determined as follows:
min f(t)＝ωv||ΔVG(t)||2+ωc||QC(t)||2
in the formula, f (t) is a weighted value of the voltage fluctuation quantity of the wind turbine generator set terminal in the wind power plant and the reactive output quantity of the reactive compensation device; omegavA weight coefficient which is a rationality index of the voltage of the wind turbine generator set in the wind power plant; omegacWeighting coefficients of rationality indexes of reactive power margin of a wind generating set and reactive power margin of a dynamic reactive power compensation device in the wind power plant; | Δ VG(t)||2The norm is the norm of generator terminal voltage variation of a wind turbine generator in the wind power plant at the tth moment; | QC(t)||2The norm is the norm of the reactive output quantity of a reactive compensation device in the wind power plant at the t moment;
the norm of generator terminal voltage variation of a wind turbine generator in the wind power plant at the tth moment is determined according to the following formulaG(t)||2：
Figure FDA0002153714470000051
In the formula (I), the compound is shown in the specification,
Figure FDA0002153714470000052
the real-time voltage of the ith wind turbine generator participating in reactive power control in the wind power plant at the tth moment is obtained;
Figure FDA0002153714470000053
the reference voltage of the ith wind turbine generator participating in reactive power control in the wind power plant at the tth moment is obtained; n is a radical ofGThe total number of the wind turbine generators participating in reactive power control in the wind power plant;
determining norm of reactive output quantity of a reactive compensation device in the wind power plant at the tth moment according to the following formulaC(t)||：
Figure FDA0002153714470000054
In the formula (I), the compound is shown in the specification,
Figure FDA0002153714470000055
the real-time reactive output value of the jth dynamic reactive compensation equipment participating in reactive control in the wind power plant at the tth moment is obtained;
Figure FDA0002153714470000056
the real-time reactive output value of the ith wind turbine generator participating in reactive power control in the wind power plant at the tth moment is obtained;
Figure FDA0002153714470000057
for the reactive power regulation reference quantity of the jth dynamic reactive power compensation equipment participating in reactive power control in the wind power plant at the tth moment,
Figure FDA0002153714470000058
Figure FDA0002153714470000059
for the reactive power regulation reference quantity of the ith wind turbine generator participating in reactive power control in the wind power plant at the t moment,
Figure FDA00021537144700000510
Figure FDA00021537144700000511
the adjustable reactive power upper limit of jth dynamic reactive power compensation equipment participating in reactive power control in the wind power plant at the tth moment is set;
Figure FDA00021537144700000512
the adjustable reactive power upper limit of the ith wind turbine generator participating in reactive power control in the wind power plant at the tth moment;
Figure FDA00021537144700000513
the adjustable reactive power lower limit of jth dynamic reactive power compensation equipment participating in reactive power control in the wind power plant at the tth moment is set;
Figure FDA00021537144700000514
the adjustable reactive lower limit of the ith wind turbine generator participating in reactive control in the wind power plant at the tth moment is set; alpha is alphajThe acceleration factor of the jth dynamic reactive power compensation equipment participating in reactive power control in the wind power plant is obtained; alpha is alphaiThe acceleration factor of the jth wind turbine generator participating in reactive power control in the wind power plant is obtained; n is a radical ofCThe total number of the dynamic reactive compensation equipment participating in reactive control in the wind power plant.
8. The system of claim 6, wherein the wind farm grid-tie point voltage deviation constraint of the objective function of the pre-constructed wind farm multi-source reactive power optimization scheduling model is determined according to the following equation:
Figure FDA00021537144700000515
in the formula (I), the compound is shown in the specification,
Figure FDA0002153714470000061
a grid-connected point voltage instruction value is issued by a power grid dispatching system at the t moment; vPCC(t) the voltage of a real-time grid-connected point of the wind power plant at the tth moment;
Figure FDA0002153714470000062
the method comprises the steps that a voltage control deviation instruction value allowed by a wind power plant is issued by a power grid dispatching system at the t moment;
determining the constraint condition of the adjustable reactive power limit of the dynamic supplementary equipment participating in reactive power control in the wind power plant of the objective function of the pre-constructed wind power plant multi-source reactive power optimization scheduling model according to the following formula:
Figure FDA0002153714470000063
in the formula (I), the compound is shown in the specification,
Figure FDA0002153714470000064
a voltage control dead zone for a wind farm;
Figure FDA0002153714470000065
the maximum reactive power output value of the jth dynamic reactive power compensation equipment participating in reactive power control in the wind power plant is obtained;
Figure FDA0002153714470000066
participating in reactive power in wind farmsThe minimum reactive power output value of the jth dynamic reactive power compensation equipment is controlled;
determining the constraint condition of the adjustable reactive power limit of the unit in the wind power plant of the objective function of the pre-constructed wind power plant multi-source reactive power optimization scheduling model according to the following formula:
Figure FDA0002153714470000067
in the formula (I), the compound is shown in the specification,
Figure FDA0002153714470000068
the maximum reactive power output value of the z-th unit in the wind power plant is obtained;
Figure FDA0002153714470000069
and the minimum reactive power output value of the z-th unit in the wind power plant.
Determining an active power balance constraint condition of an objective function of the pre-constructed wind power plant reactive control model according to the following formula:
Figure FDA00021537144700000610
in the formula (I), the compound is shown in the specification,
Figure FDA00021537144700000611
the active power generation power of a node k in the power grid at the t moment;
Figure FDA00021537144700000612
the active load power of a node k in the power grid at the t moment; vkThe voltage amplitude of a node k in the power grid at the t moment is obtained; vp(t) is the voltage amplitude of the node p in the power grid at the tth moment; gkp(t) is the conductance value between node k and node p in the power grid; b iskpThe susceptance value between a node k and a node p in the power grid is obtained; thetakpThe phase angle between a node k and a node p in the power grid; n is a radical ofSThe total number of nodes in the power grid;
determining reactive power balance constraint conditions of an objective function of the pre-constructed wind power plant reactive control model according to the following formula:
Figure FDA0002153714470000071
in the formula, QGkThe reactive power generation power of a node k in the power grid at the t moment; qDkThe reactive load power of a node k in the power grid at the t moment;
determining a node voltage amplitude constraint condition of an objective function of the pre-constructed wind power plant reactive control model according to the following formula:
Vkmin≤Vk(t)≤Vkmax
in the formula, VkmaxThe upper limit of the voltage amplitude of a node k in the power grid; vkminThe lower limit of the voltage amplitude of the node k in the power grid; k is an element of (1 to N)s)；NsThe total number of nodes in the power grid;
determining transformer tap gear constraint conditions of an objective function of the pre-constructed wind power plant reactive control model according to the following formula:
Tgmin≤Tg(t)≤Tgmax
in the formula, TgminThe lower limit value of a tap gear of the g-th on-load tap changing transformer in the wind power plant; t isg(t) is the tap gear value of the g-th on-load tap changing transformer in the wind power plant at the t-th moment; t isgmaxThe upper limit value of a tap gear of the g-th on-load tap changing transformer in the wind power plant; g is an element from 1 to NT)，NTThe total number of the on-load tap changers in the wind power plant;
determining reactive power output constraint conditions of dynamic reactive power compensation equipment of the objective function of the pre-constructed wind power plant reactive power control model according to the following formula:
Figure FDA0002153714470000072
in the formula (I), the compound is shown in the specification,
Figure FDA0002153714470000073
the adjustable reactive power of the jth dynamic reactive power compensation device participating in reactive power control in the wind power plant at the tth moment is obtained;
determining the wind turbine generator reactive power output constraint condition of the objective function of the pre-constructed wind power plant reactive power control model according to the following formula:
Figure FDA0002153714470000074
in the formula (I), the compound is shown in the specification,
Figure FDA0002153714470000075
the adjustable reactive power of the jth dynamic reactive power compensation device participating in reactive power control in the wind power plant at the tth moment.
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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN116683472A (en) * 2023-04-28 2023-09-01 国网河北省电力有限公司电力科学研究院 Reactive power compensation method, device, equipment and storage medium

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN116683472A (en) * 2023-04-28 2023-09-01 国网河北省电力有限公司电力科学研究院 Reactive power compensation method, device, equipment and storage medium

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