CN112310450B - Methanol-water fuel reforming hydrogen production system and control method thereof - Google Patents
Methanol-water fuel reforming hydrogen production system and control method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN112310450B CN112310450B CN202011200629.2A CN202011200629A CN112310450B CN 112310450 B CN112310450 B CN 112310450B CN 202011200629 A CN202011200629 A CN 202011200629A CN 112310450 B CN112310450 B CN 112310450B
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/06—Combination of fuel cells with means for production of reactants or for treatment of residues
- H01M8/0606—Combination of fuel cells with means for production of reactants or for treatment of residues with means for production of gaseous reactants
- H01M8/0612—Combination of fuel cells with means for production of reactants or for treatment of residues with means for production of gaseous reactants from carbon-containing material
- H01M8/0618—Reforming processes, e.g. autothermal, partial oxidation or steam reforming
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04298—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems
- H01M8/04694—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems characterised by variables to be controlled
- H01M8/04746—Pressure; Flow
- H01M8/04776—Pressure; Flow at auxiliary devices, e.g. reformer, compressor, burner
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
- Y02E60/50—Fuel cells
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Abstract
The invention provides a methanol-water fuel reforming hydrogen production system and a control method thereof. The fuel supply pipeline can supply liquid to the methanol reformer while supplying liquid to the combustor, so that the liquid supply mode of the reforming hydrogen production device is simplified; in addition, by arranging a hydrogen recovery pipeline and a control method for freely switching combustion reactants, the free switching between methanol-water combustion and hydrogen combustion can be realized, and stable control can be realized in the switching process; therefore, the invention can intelligently control the methanol-water reforming hydrogen production system, improve the utilization rate of energy and maintain the heat balance of the system.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of fuel cells, in particular to a methanol-water fuel reforming hydrogen production system and a control method thereof.
Background
At present, a reforming hydrogen production device needs to respectively supply liquid to a combustor and a reformer, so that the reforming hydrogen production device has a complex structure and low hydrogen production efficiency; in addition, the existing reforming hydrogen production device cannot freely switch combustion reactants due to lack of intelligent control logic, so that the utilization rate of energy is low, and heat balance of the system is possibly imbalanced.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a methanol-water fuel reforming hydrogen production system, which aims to solve the technical problems and can intelligently control the methanol-water reforming hydrogen production system, thereby improving the utilization rate of energy and maintaining the heat balance of the system.
In order to solve the technical problem, an embodiment of the present invention provides a methanol-water fuel reforming hydrogen production system, which includes a methanol supply device, a burner, a reformer, a fuel cell, an air blower and a controller;
an outlet of the methanol supply device is connected with a liquid inlet of a fuel supply pipeline, a first outlet of the fuel supply pipeline and a second outlet of the fuel supply pipeline are respectively connected with a liquid inlet of a liquid supply pipeline of a combustor and a liquid inlet of a liquid supply pipeline of a reformer, an outlet of the liquid supply pipeline of the reformer is connected with a liquid inlet of the reformer, an outlet of the liquid supply pipeline of the combustor is connected with a methanol inlet of the combustor, an outlet of the blower is connected with an air inlet of the combustor through an air supply pipeline, an air flow meter is arranged on the air supply pipeline, and the air flow meter is connected with an air flow data end of the controller; the reformer is arranged above the combustor; a temperature sensor is arranged in the combustor and connected with a temperature data end of the controller;
a first electromagnetic valve, a flow limiting valve, a one-way valve and a preheater are sequentially arranged on the combustor liquid supply pipeline from a liquid inlet of the combustor liquid supply pipeline to an outlet of the combustor liquid supply pipeline; a second electromagnetic valve is arranged on the liquid supply pipeline of the reformer;
a hydrogen outlet of the reformer is connected with an air inlet of the fuel cell through a third electromagnetic valve, an air outlet of the fuel cell is connected with a tail exhaust valve through an exhaust pipeline, and a branch on the exhaust pipeline is connected with the hydrogen inlet of the combustor through a fourth electromagnetic valve;
a branch is arranged on a pipeline between the hydrogen outlet of the reformer and the third electromagnetic valve and is connected with the air inlet of a hydrogen recovery pipeline, a branch is arranged on a pipeline between the fourth electromagnetic valve and the hydrogen inlet of the combustor and is connected with the air outlet of the hydrogen recovery pipeline, and a fifth electromagnetic valve is arranged on the hydrogen recovery pipeline;
a sixth electromagnetic valve is arranged on the fuel supply pipeline, a methanol flowmeter is arranged on a pipeline between the outlet of the methanol supply device and the sixth electromagnetic valve, and the methanol flowmeter is connected with a methanol flow data end of the controller;
the first electromagnetic valve, the second electromagnetic valve, the third electromagnetic valve, the fourth electromagnetic valve, the fifth electromagnetic valve, the sixth electromagnetic valve, the flow limiting valve, the air blower, the tail exhaust valve and an igniter in the combustor are all electrically connected with the controller.
Furthermore, a methanol inlet of the burner and an air inlet of the burner are arranged at the bottom of the burner.
Further, the hydrogen inlet of the combustor is arranged at the bottom of the combustor.
Further, the air inlet of the blower is connected with an air source.
In order to solve the same technical problem, the present invention also provides a control method for any one of the methanol-water fuel reforming hydrogen production systems, including:
adjusting the methanol liquid inlet quantity of a burner and the air inlet quantity of the burner within a preset mixing proportion; the methanol liquid inlet quantity of the burner is adjusted by controlling the size of a flow limiting valve switch, and the air inlet quantity of the burner is adjusted by controlling the power of an air blower;
controlling the third electromagnetic valve and the fourth electromagnetic valve to keep in a closed state within a preset initial reforming hydrogen production time period, and then closing the first electromagnetic valve to cut off the methanol fuel of the combustor after the initial reforming hydrogen production time period;
and after the first electromagnetic valve is closed and a preset time threshold value passes, opening the third electromagnetic valve, the fourth electromagnetic valve and closing a fifth electromagnetic valve.
Further, the control method of the methanol-water fuel reforming hydrogen production system further comprises the following steps:
when the combustion temperature of the combustor is detected to exceed a preset temperature threshold, a tail gas exhaust valve is opened to reduce the amount of recovered mixed gas entering the combustor.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
the embodiment of the invention provides a methanol-water fuel reforming hydrogen production system and a control method thereof. The fuel supply pipeline can supply liquid to the methanol reformer while supplying liquid to the combustor, so that the liquid supply mode of the reforming hydrogen production device is simplified; in addition, by arranging a hydrogen recovery pipeline and a control method for freely switching combustion reactants, the free switching between methanol-water combustion and hydrogen combustion can be realized, and stable control can be realized in the switching process; therefore, the invention can intelligently control the methanol-water reforming hydrogen production system, improve the utilization rate of energy and maintain the heat balance of the system.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a methanol-water fuel reforming hydrogen production system in an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic flow chart of a control method of a methanol-water fuel reforming hydrogen production system in an embodiment of the present invention;
wherein the reference numbers in the drawings of the specification are as follows:
1. a methanol supply device; 2. a burner; 3. a reformer; 4. a fuel cell; 5. a blower; 6. a first solenoid valve; 7. a second solenoid valve; 8. a third electromagnetic valve; 9. a fourth solenoid valve; 10. a fifth solenoid valve; 11. a sixth electromagnetic valve; 12. a flow-limiting valve; 13. a one-way valve; 14. a preheater; 15. a tail discharge valve; 16. a methanol flow meter; 17. an air flow meter.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Referring to fig. 1, a preferred embodiment of the present invention provides a methanol-water fuel reforming hydrogen production system, which includes a methanol supply device 1, a burner 2, a reformer 3, a fuel cell 4, a blower 5 and a controller;
an outlet of the methanol supply device 1 is connected with a liquid inlet of a fuel supply pipeline, a first outlet of the fuel supply pipeline and a second outlet of the fuel supply pipeline are respectively connected with a liquid inlet of a liquid supply pipeline of a combustor and a liquid inlet of a liquid supply pipeline of a reformer, an outlet of the liquid supply pipeline of the reformer is connected with a liquid inlet of the reformer 3, an outlet of the liquid supply pipeline of the combustor is connected with a methanol inlet of the combustor 2, an outlet of the blower 5 is connected with an air inlet of the combustor 2 through an air supply pipeline, an air flow meter 17 is arranged on the air supply pipeline, and the air flow meter 17 is connected with an air flow data end of the controller; the reformer 3 is provided above the combustor 2; a temperature sensor is arranged in the combustor 2 and is connected with a temperature data end of the controller;
a first electromagnetic valve 6, a flow limiting valve 12, a one-way valve 13 and a preheater 14 are sequentially arranged on the combustor liquid supply pipeline from a liquid inlet of the combustor liquid supply pipeline to an outlet of the combustor liquid supply pipeline; a second electromagnetic valve 7 is arranged on the liquid supply pipeline of the reformer;
a hydrogen outlet of the reformer 3 is connected with an air inlet of the fuel cell 4 through a third electromagnetic valve 8, an air outlet of the fuel cell 4 is connected with a tail gas valve 15 through an exhaust pipeline, and one branch of the exhaust pipeline is connected with the hydrogen inlet of the combustor 2 through a fourth electromagnetic valve 9;
a branch is arranged on a pipeline between the hydrogen outlet of the reformer 3 and the third electromagnetic valve 8 and is connected with the air inlet of a hydrogen recovery pipeline, a branch is arranged on a pipeline between the fourth electromagnetic valve 9 and the hydrogen inlet of the combustor 2 and is connected with the air outlet of the hydrogen recovery pipeline, and a fifth electromagnetic valve 10 is arranged on the hydrogen recovery pipeline;
a sixth electromagnetic valve 11 is arranged on the fuel supply pipeline, a methanol flowmeter 16 is arranged on a pipeline between the outlet of the methanol supply device 1 and the sixth electromagnetic valve 11, and the methanol flowmeter 16 is connected with a methanol flow data end of the controller;
the first electromagnetic valve 6, the second electromagnetic valve 7, the third electromagnetic valve 8, the fourth electromagnetic valve 9, the fifth electromagnetic valve 10, the sixth electromagnetic valve 11, the flow limiting valve 12, the blower 5, the tail valve 15 and an igniter in the combustor 2 are all electrically connected with the controller.
Further, the methanol inlet of the burner 2 and the air inlet of the burner 2 are both arranged at the bottom of the burner 2.
Further, the hydrogen inlet of the burner 2 is arranged at the bottom of the burner 2.
Further, the air inlet of the blower 5 is connected to an air source.
Referring to fig. 2, in order to solve the same technical problem, the present invention further provides a control method for any one of the methanol-water fuel reforming hydrogen production systems, including the steps of:
s1, adjusting the methanol inlet flow of the burner 2 and the air inlet flow of the burner 2 within a preset mixing proportion; the methanol liquid inlet amount of the combustor 2 is adjusted by controlling the size of a switch of a flow limiting valve 12, and the air inlet amount of the combustor 2 is adjusted by controlling the power of an air blower 5;
s2, controlling the third electromagnetic valve 8 and the fourth electromagnetic valve 9 to keep in a closed state within a preset initial reforming hydrogen production time period, and then closing the first electromagnetic valve 6 to cut off the methanol fuel of the combustor 2 after the initial reforming hydrogen production time period;
s3, after the first solenoid valve 6 is closed and a preset time threshold has elapsed, opening the third solenoid valve 8, the fourth solenoid valve 9 and closing the fifth solenoid valve 10.
Further, the control method of the methanol-water fuel reforming hydrogen production system further comprises the following steps:
s4, when the combustion temperature of the combustor 2 is detected to exceed the preset temperature threshold, opening the exhaust valve 15 to reduce the amount of the recovered mixed gas entering the combustor 2.
Based on the above scheme, the methanol-water fuel reforming hydrogen production system and the control method thereof provided by the embodiment of the invention are explained in detail as follows:
when the methanol-water fuel is combusted, the methanol-water fuel passes through a methanol-water fuel supply pipeline by a methanol supply device 1, passes through an electromagnetic valve sixth electromagnetic valve 11, then passes through a first electromagnetic valve 6, a flow limiting valve 12 and a one-way valve 13, is heated and vaporized by a preheater 14, enters the combustor 2 from the bottom end of the combustor, air enters a combustion chamber from the air supply pipeline by an air blower 5 through the bottom end of the combustor 2, and when the methanol-water fuel and the air reach the vicinity of an igniter at the same time, the igniter is started to ignite the methanol-water fuel, so that the methanol-water fuel is ignited to combust and generate heat.
When the liquid inlet amount of the methanol-water fuel tested by the methanol flowmeter 16 is in the range of 8-35ml/min and the air inlet amount tested by the air flowmeter 17 is 40-120NL/min, stable combustion can be realized in the combustor 2 by adjusting and optimizing the mixing ratio of the liquid inlet amount and the air inlet amount, heat is provided for methanol-water vaporization and hydrogen production by reforming in the reforming process, and the combusted flue gas is discharged by a flue gas pipeline after multi-stage heat exchange.
When hydrogen is combusted, after methanol-water fuel enters the reformer 3 and hydrogen is initially reformed and produced, hydrogen produced in the initial reforming hydrogen production process passes through a loop (hydrogen recovery pipeline) where the fifth electromagnetic valve 10 is located and is recovered to the combustor 2 to be combusted, and at the moment, the third electromagnetic valve 8 and the fourth electromagnetic valve 9 are kept in a closed state; after hydrogen is stably combusted in the combustor 2, the first electromagnetic valve 6 is closed, methanol water fuel leading from the methanol supply device 1 to the combustor 2 is cut off, after 1-2min, the third electromagnetic valve 8 and the fourth electromagnetic valve 9 are opened, the fifth electromagnetic valve 10 is closed at the same time, hydrogen-rich mixed gas for hydrogen production by reforming passes through the anode of the fuel cell 4 stack to generate electricity, the mixed gas at the outlet of the fuel cell 4 stack contains 30-40% of unreacted hydrogen and is recycled into the combustor 2 to be combusted, heat is further provided for the whole hydrogen production by reforming, and the heat balance of the system is maintained.
The combustion temperature of the combustor 2 is detected through the temperature sensor, if the temperature of the combustor 2 is too high, the temperature of the reforming heat balance system is unbalanced, the tail gas exhaust valve 15 can be opened, part of mixed gas recovered by the anode of the fuel cell 4 in the fuel cell stack is exhausted, the amount of the recovered mixed gas entering the combustor 2 is reduced, the temperature of the combustor 2 is adjusted, and the heat balance of the reforming hydrogen production system is realized.
It should be noted that, the key points of the embodiment of the present invention include:
1. when the methanol liquid inlet pipeline and the recovered hydrogen gas inlet pipeline are opened simultaneously, stable and safe combustion of methanol aqueous solution and steam can be realized, and stable and safe combustion of hydrogen recovery can also be realized. And can realize the free switching of methanol-water burning and hydrogen burning to can realize stable control at the switching process.
2. The flow limiting valve 12 is adopted in a methanol liquid inlet pipeline of the combustor 2, during the hydrogen production and gas production by reforming, when the methanol fuel is supplied to the combustor 2, the methanol fuel can also be supplied to the reformer 3 at the same time, when the combustor 2 burns to supply heat to the reformer 3, the hydrogen production by reforming the methanol can also be synchronously carried out, and meanwhile, the flow limiting valve 12 device can also inhibit the excessive methanol water fuel entering the preheater 14 so as to prevent the phenomenon that the preheater 14 is incompletely vaporized, and the methanol water fuel which is not vaporized or incompletely vaporized enters the combustor 2 to cause difficult ignition or unstable combustion.
Compared with the prior art, the embodiment of the invention has the following beneficial effects:
1. the combustor 2 device of the methanol-water fuel reforming hydrogen production system is high in safety performance, long in service life and high in combustion efficiency, stable and safe combustion of methanol water solution and steam can be achieved when the combustor 2 device is adopted, and stable and safe combustion of hydrogen recovery can be achieved.
2. The combustion chamber is internally provided with flame combustion, the combustion flame is stable, the height of the flame is controlled to be 15-35cm, the device is particularly suitable for occasions for realizing stable and safe combustion in the micro combustion chamber, the amount of hydrogen recycled into the combustor 2 can be adjusted, the temperature of the combustor 2 can be adjusted in time, and the heat balance of the reforming hydrogen production system is effectively controlled.
While the foregoing is directed to the preferred embodiment of the present invention, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes and modifications may be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention.
Claims (4)
1. A system for reforming methanol-water fuel to produce hydrogen is characterized by comprising a methanol supply device, a burner, a reformer, a fuel cell, a blower and a controller;
an outlet of the methanol supply device is connected with a liquid inlet of a fuel supply pipeline, a first outlet of the fuel supply pipeline and a second outlet of the fuel supply pipeline are respectively connected with a liquid inlet of a liquid supply pipeline of a combustor and a liquid inlet of a liquid supply pipeline of a reformer, an outlet of the liquid supply pipeline of the reformer is connected with a liquid inlet of the reformer, an outlet of the liquid supply pipeline of the combustor is connected with a methanol inlet of the combustor, an outlet of the blower is connected with an air inlet of the combustor through an air supply pipeline, an air flow meter is arranged on the air supply pipeline, and the air flow meter is connected with an air flow data end of the controller; the reformer is arranged above the combustor; a temperature sensor is arranged in the combustor and connected with a temperature data end of the controller, a methanol inlet of the combustor and an air inlet of the combustor are arranged at the bottom of the combustor, and a hydrogen inlet of the combustor is arranged at the bottom of the combustor;
a first electromagnetic valve, a flow limiting valve, a one-way valve and a preheater are sequentially arranged on the combustor liquid supply pipeline from a liquid inlet of the combustor liquid supply pipeline to an outlet of the combustor liquid supply pipeline; a second electromagnetic valve is arranged on the liquid supply pipeline of the reformer;
a hydrogen outlet of the reformer is connected with an air inlet of the fuel cell through a third electromagnetic valve, an air outlet of the fuel cell is connected with a tail exhaust valve through an exhaust pipeline, and a branch on the exhaust pipeline is connected with the hydrogen inlet of the combustor through a fourth electromagnetic valve;
a branch is arranged on a pipeline between the hydrogen outlet of the reformer and the third electromagnetic valve and is connected with the air inlet of a hydrogen recovery pipeline, a branch is arranged on a pipeline between the fourth electromagnetic valve and the hydrogen inlet of the combustor and is connected with the air outlet of the hydrogen recovery pipeline, and a fifth electromagnetic valve is arranged on the hydrogen recovery pipeline;
a sixth electromagnetic valve is arranged on the fuel supply pipeline, a methanol flowmeter is arranged on a pipeline between the outlet of the methanol supply device and the sixth electromagnetic valve, and the methanol flowmeter is connected with a methanol flow data end of the controller;
the first electromagnetic valve, the second electromagnetic valve, the third electromagnetic valve, the fourth electromagnetic valve, the fifth electromagnetic valve, the sixth electromagnetic valve, the flow limiting valve, the air blower, the tail exhaust valve and an igniter in the combustor are all electrically connected with the controller.
2. The system for reforming methanol-water fuel to produce hydrogen of claim 1, wherein an air inlet of the blower is connected to an air source.
3. A control method for a methanol-water fuel reforming hydrogen production system according to any one of claims 1 to 2, comprising:
adjusting the methanol liquid inlet quantity of a burner and the air inlet quantity of the burner within a preset mixing proportion; the methanol liquid inlet quantity of the burner is adjusted by controlling the size of a flow limiting valve switch, and the air inlet quantity of the burner is adjusted by controlling the power of an air blower;
controlling the third electromagnetic valve and the fourth electromagnetic valve to keep in a closed state within a preset initial reforming hydrogen production time period, and then closing the first electromagnetic valve to cut off the methanol fuel of the combustor after the initial reforming hydrogen production time period;
and after the first electromagnetic valve is closed and a preset time threshold value passes, opening the third electromagnetic valve, the fourth electromagnetic valve and closing a fifth electromagnetic valve.
4. The method of controlling a methanol-water fuel reforming hydrogen production system according to claim 3, further comprising:
when the combustion temperature of the combustor is detected to exceed a preset temperature threshold, a tail gas exhaust valve is opened to reduce the amount of recovered mixed gas entering the combustor.
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| CN101175690A (en) * | 2005-05-11 | 2008-05-07 | 丰田自动车株式会社 | Reformer, method for controlling pump in fuel cell system, and control unit |
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