CN112307789B - Electronic tag working method, electronic tag and electronic tag system - Google Patents
Electronic tag working method, electronic tag and electronic tag system Download PDFInfo
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- CN112307789B CN112307789B CN202011179726.8A CN202011179726A CN112307789B CN 112307789 B CN112307789 B CN 112307789B CN 202011179726 A CN202011179726 A CN 202011179726A CN 112307789 B CN112307789 B CN 112307789B
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 24
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 abstract description 16
- 230000035945 sensitivity Effects 0.000 abstract description 12
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 5
- 230000005672 electromagnetic field Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008707 rearrangement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06K—GRAPHICAL DATA READING; PRESENTATION OF DATA; RECORD CARRIERS; HANDLING RECORD CARRIERS
- G06K17/00—Methods or arrangements for effecting co-operative working between equipments covered by two or more of main groups G06K1/00 - G06K15/00, e.g. automatic card files incorporating conveying and reading operations
- G06K17/0022—Methods or arrangements for effecting co-operative working between equipments covered by two or more of main groups G06K1/00 - G06K15/00, e.g. automatic card files incorporating conveying and reading operations arrangements or provisions for transferring data to distant stations, e.g. from a sensing device
- G06K17/0029—Methods or arrangements for effecting co-operative working between equipments covered by two or more of main groups G06K1/00 - G06K15/00, e.g. automatic card files incorporating conveying and reading operations arrangements or provisions for transferring data to distant stations, e.g. from a sensing device the arrangement being specially adapted for wireless interrogation of grouped or bundled articles tagged with wireless record carriers
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06K—GRAPHICAL DATA READING; PRESENTATION OF DATA; RECORD CARRIERS; HANDLING RECORD CARRIERS
- G06K7/00—Methods or arrangements for sensing record carriers, e.g. for reading patterns
- G06K7/10—Methods or arrangements for sensing record carriers, e.g. for reading patterns by electromagnetic radiation, e.g. optical sensing; by corpuscular radiation
- G06K7/10009—Methods or arrangements for sensing record carriers, e.g. for reading patterns by electromagnetic radiation, e.g. optical sensing; by corpuscular radiation sensing by radiation using wavelengths larger than 0.1 mm, e.g. radio-waves or microwaves
- G06K7/10198—Methods or arrangements for sensing record carriers, e.g. for reading patterns by electromagnetic radiation, e.g. optical sensing; by corpuscular radiation sensing by radiation using wavelengths larger than 0.1 mm, e.g. radio-waves or microwaves setting parameters for the interrogator, e.g. programming parameters and operating modes
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- Toxicology (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
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- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Artificial Intelligence (AREA)
- Computer Vision & Pattern Recognition (AREA)
- Near-Field Transmission Systems (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses an electronic tag working method, an electronic tag and an electronic tag system. The working method of the electronic tag comprises the following steps: entering a waiting stage after the electronic tag enters a reader-writer field; the electronic tag returns a first modulation signal in a waiting stage; if the electronic tag receives a switch field signal of the reader-writer in the waiting stage, returning the first type data; if the electronic tag does not receive the switch field signal of the reader-writer in the waiting stage, returning the second type of data; wherein the duty cycle of the first modulation signal is smaller than the duty cycle of the first type data and the second type data. The invention realizes the switching of the working mode of the electronic tag without losing the communication sensitivity of the electronic tag.
Description
Technical Field
The embodiment of the invention relates to an electronic tag technology, in particular to an electronic tag working method, an electronic tag and an electronic tag system.
Background
In some communication protocols between an electronic tag and a reader (e.g., the low frequency communication protocol ISO 11785), the electronic tag obtains energy in the electromagnetic field of the reader, and upon completion of power-up, begins to cyclically return modulated data frames. Unless the reader/writer sends an instruction to the electronic tag, the electronic tag does not stop cyclically transmitting the data frame. This mode of communication is known as TTF (Tag Talk First), where the electronic tag first sends information to the reader.
To switch the working mode of the tag, the existing mode is that the reader sends an instruction to the electronic tag to switch the returned data type of the electronic tag.
However, once the reader starts to send an instruction, the electromagnetic field of the reader is intermittently turned on and off, and the average electromagnetic field energy obtained by the electronic tag is reduced, so that the communication distance between the reader and the electronic tag is reduced, and the sensitivity is reduced.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides an electronic tag working method, an electronic tag and an electronic tag system, which are used for realizing switching of working modes of the electronic tag under the condition that communication sensitivity of a reader-writer and the electronic tag is not lost.
In a first aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides an electronic tag working method, including:
entering a waiting stage after the electronic tag enters a reader-writer field; the electronic tag returns a first modulation signal in a waiting stage;
if the electronic tag receives a switch field signal of the reader-writer in the waiting stage, returning the first type data; if the electronic tag does not receive the switch field signal of the reader-writer in the waiting stage, returning second type data;
wherein the duty cycle of the first modulation signal is smaller than the duty cycle of the first type data and the second type data.
Optionally, the electronic tag working method further includes:
if the electronic tag receives a field closing signal of the reader-writer;
the electronic tag transmits a second modulated signal.
Optionally, before the electronic tag enters the waiting stage, the method further includes: an initialization stage;
and initializing the electronic tag in the initialization stage.
Optionally, the duration of the electronic tag initialization stage is smaller than the on-time of re-on after the reader-writer field is turned off;
and the sum of the duration of the electronic tag initialization stage and the duration of the electronic tag waiting stage is larger than the open time of restarting the reader-writer field after closing.
Optionally, the sum of the duration of the electronic tag initialization phase and the duration of the electronic tag waiting phase is greater than the sum of the duration of the reader-writer switch field and the switch-on duration of the re-switch-on after the reader-writer field is turned off.
Optionally, the duty cycle of the first modulation signal is not equal to the duty cycle of the switching field of the reader/writer.
In a second aspect, the embodiment of the invention further provides an electronic tag, wherein the electronic tag is used for entering a waiting stage after entering a reader-writer field; the electronic tag returns a first modulation signal in a waiting stage;
if the electronic tag receives a switch field signal of the reader-writer in the waiting stage, returning the first type data; if the electronic tag does not receive the switch field signal of the reader-writer in the waiting stage, returning second type data;
wherein the duty cycle of the first modulation signal is smaller than the duty cycle of the first type data and the second type data.
Optionally, the electronic tag is further configured to, if the electronic tag receives a field-off signal of the reader-writer;
the electronic tag transmits a second modulated signal.
Optionally, before the electronic tag enters the waiting stage, the method further includes: an initialization stage;
the electronic tag is also used for initializing in an initializing stage.
In a third aspect, an embodiment of the present invention further provides an electronic tag system, including the electronic tag and the reader-writer according to the second aspect.
The invention enters a waiting stage after entering a reader-writer field through the electronic tag, and the electronic tag returns a first modulation signal in the waiting stage, if the electronic tag receives a switch field signal of the reader-writer in the waiting stage, the electronic tag switches the returned data type. The electronic tag switching device solves the problem that the communication sensitivity of the reader-writer and the electronic tag is reduced because the reader-writer can switch the working mode of the electronic tag only when transmitting the instruction, and achieves the effect of switching the working mode of the electronic tag under the condition that the communication sensitivity of the reader-writer and the electronic tag is not lost.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a flowchart of an electronic tag operation method according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a flowchart of an electronic tag working method provided in a second embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of an electronic tag according to a third embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of an electronic tag system according to a fourth embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The invention is described in further detail below with reference to the drawings and examples. It is to be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not limiting thereof. It should be further noted that, for convenience of description, only some, but not all of the structures related to the present invention are shown in the drawings.
Example 1
Fig. 1 is a flowchart of an electronic tag working method according to an embodiment of the present invention, where the embodiment is applicable to a situation where an electronic tag works, the method may be executed by the electronic tag, and specifically includes the following steps:
s110, entering a waiting stage after the electronic tag enters a reader-writer field; the electronic tag returns a first modulation signal in a waiting stage.
Wherein, the electronic tag is also called radio frequency tag, transponder or data carrier; the reader/writer is also called a scanner or a communicator. The electronic tag and the reader-writer realize the space (non-contact) coupling of radio frequency signals through a coupling element; and in the coupling channel, energy transmission and data exchange are realized according to the time sequence relation. The reader-writer field is the electromagnetic field of the reader-writer, and the electronic tag enters the reader-writer field to realize energy transmission and data exchange with the reader-writer. Specifically, the electronic tag enters a waiting stage after entering a reader-writer field, and the electronic tag returns a first modulation signal to the reader-writer in the waiting stage. The electronic tag is electrified after entering the reader-writer field, and the power supply voltage of a chip in the electronic tag reaches a first voltage value after the electrification is completed. And the electronic tag returns a first modulation signal to the reader-writer in a waiting stage, and simultaneously discharges energy on an antenna of the electronic tag, and the power supply voltage of the electronic tag chip is reduced to a second voltage value.
And S120, if the electronic tag receives a switch field signal of the reader-writer in the waiting stage, returning the first type data.
Specifically, if the electronic tag receives a switch field signal of the reader-writer in the waiting stage, the reader-writer is indicated to send a switching instruction to the electronic tag, and the electronic tag can return the first type data immediately or after the waiting stage is finished. For example, if the high level of the first modulation signal returned by the electronic tag coincides with the switch field signal of the reader, during this period, the chip of the electronic tag demodulates the switch signal to the digital processing module of the electronic tag. After the electronic tag receives the switching signal, the electronic tag starts to circularly return the first type data, or after the waiting phase is finished, the electronic tag starts to circularly return the first type data. When the electronic tag returns data, the power supply voltage of the electronic tag chip is reduced to a third voltage value, and the third voltage value is the minimum value of the power supply voltage of the chip.
For example, the switch field for implementing the reader-writer may send the instruction to the reader-writer through the terminal device, and the terminal device may be a computer or other device. The switch field of the reader-writer can be realized by controlling a button of the reader-writer, and can also be realized by a hardware circuit method.
And S130, returning the second type data if the electronic tag does not receive the switch field signal of the reader-writer in the waiting stage.
Specifically, if the electronic tag does not receive the switch field signal of the reader-writer in the waiting stage, the electronic tag indicates that the electronic tag does not receive the switch signal for switching the return data type, and the electronic tag returns the second type data after the waiting stage is finished. For example, if the high level of the first modulation signal returned by the electronic tag does not overlap with the switch field signal of the reader, the chip of the electronic tag cannot demodulate the switching signal, and after the waiting period is finished, the electronic tag starts to cycle to return the second type of data. When the electronic tag returns data, the power supply voltage of the electronic tag chip is reduced to a third voltage value, and the third voltage value is the minimum value of the power supply voltage of the chip.
Wherein the duty cycle of the first modulation signal is smaller than the duty cycle of the first type data and the second type data.
For example, the duty cycle of the first type of data and the second type of data returned by the electronic tag may be the same, for example, fifty percent, and the duty cycle of the first modulation signal returned by the electronic tag in the waiting phase is smaller than the duty cycle of the first type of data and the second type of data returned by the electronic tag. When the electronic tag is in a waiting stage, if the reader-writer turns off the field, the electronic tag uses the first modulation signal to release the antenna energy of the electronic tag, so that the energy on the antenna can be quickly released in a short off-field time, the carrier amplitude of the reader-writer field is greatly reduced, the demodulation of the off-field signal becomes easy, meanwhile, the chip of the electronic tag is not powered down, namely, when the electronic tag returns to the first modulation signal to coincide with the switching field of the reader-writer, the chip power supply voltage of the electronic tag is not reduced to the minimum value, and when the switching field is received, the difficulty of demodulating the switching field signal is lower. In the prior art, the data signal is returned at a duty ratio of fifty percent after the power-on, namely, the antenna energy of the electronic tag is discharged at the duty ratio of fifty percent, namely, the chip power supply voltage of the electronic tag is reduced to the minimum value after the power-on of the electronic tag, and if the switch field signal is received, the energy obtained by the electronic tag is lower, and the switch field signal is difficult to demodulate. Therefore, the average electromagnetic field energy which can be obtained by the electronic tag in the embodiment is not reduced, so that the communication distance between the reader-writer and the electronic tag is not reduced, and the tag working mode is switched under the condition of not losing sensitivity.
According to the technical scheme, the electronic tag enters the reader-writer field and then enters the waiting stage, the electronic tag returns a first modulation signal in the waiting stage, and if the electronic tag receives a switch field signal of the reader-writer in the waiting stage, the electronic tag switches the returned data type. The electronic tag switching device solves the problem that the communication sensitivity of the reader-writer and the electronic tag is reduced because the reader-writer can switch the working mode of the electronic tag only when transmitting the instruction, and achieves the effect of switching the working mode of the electronic tag under the condition that the communication sensitivity of the reader-writer and the electronic tag is not lost.
Example two
Fig. 2 is a flowchart of an electronic tag working method provided in a second embodiment of the present invention, where the embodiment is applicable to a situation where an electronic tag works, the method may be executed by the electronic tag, and specifically includes the following steps:
s210, initializing; the electronic tag is initialized in the initialization phase.
Specifically, the electronic tag enters an initialization stage after entering a reader-writer field to obtain an energy power-on initialization, or the electronic tag obtains the energy power-on initialization after the reader-writer field is closed and the reader-writer field is restarted. After the electronic tag is electrified and initialized, the power supply voltage of the chip of the electronic tag reaches the maximum value.
S220, entering a waiting stage after the electronic tag enters a reader-writer field; the electronic tag returns a first modulation signal in a waiting stage.
And S230, returning the first type data if the electronic tag receives a switch field signal of the reader-writer in the waiting stage.
S240, if the electronic tag does not receive a switch field signal of the reader-writer in the waiting stage, returning the second type data.
S250, if the electronic tag receives a field closing signal of the reader-writer; the electronic tag transmits a second modulated signal.
For example, if the electronic tag receives the field-off signal of the reader, for example, the electronic tag may receive the field-off signal when the electronic tag returns data, or the electronic tag may receive the field-off signal in a waiting stage, and the electronic tag may send the second modulation signal to the reader after receiving the field-off signal. When the reader-writer turns off the field, the electronic tag uses the second modulation signal to release the antenna energy of the electronic tag, so that the energy on the antenna can be quickly released in a short field-off time, the carrier amplitude is greatly reduced, and the field-off signal is easily demodulated.
The duration of the electronic tag initialization stage is smaller than the open time of restarting the reader-writer after the reader-writer is turned off; the sum of the duration of the electronic tag initialization phase and the duration of the electronic tag waiting phase is greater than the on-time duration of the re-on after the reader-writer field is turned off.
Illustratively, the duration of the electronic tag initialization phase is less than the on-time of the re-on after the reader field is turned off to ensure that the electronic tag has sufficient time to complete initialization when the reader is in the on-phase. The sum of the duration of the electronic tag initialization stage and the duration of the electronic tag waiting stage is larger than the open time of the re-open field after the reader-writer field is closed, namely the open time of the re-open field after the reader-writer field is closed is smaller than the sum of the duration of the electronic tag initialization stage and the duration of the electronic tag waiting stage, namely the electronic tag can be always in the open stage in the electronic tag initialization stage, but cannot always be in the open stage in the electronic tag waiting stage, so that the reader-writer is prevented from being always in the open state in the waiting stage, and the electronic tag can be overlapped with the closed field of the reader-writer in the waiting stage, so that the switching of the electronic tag return data type is realized.
The sum of the duration of the electronic tag initialization phase and the duration of the electronic tag waiting phase is larger than the sum of the duration of a switch field of a reader-writer and the duration of the switch field of the reader-writer, which is restarted after the switch field is closed.
The sum of the duration of the electronic tag initialization stage and the duration of the electronic tag waiting stage is greater than the sum of the duration of the switch field of the reader-writer and the switch-on duration of the re-switch-on after the switch-off of the reader-writer, so that the electronic tag must be in the waiting stage when the reader-writer is in the switch field stage, so as to ensure that the electronic tag coincides with the switch field of the reader-writer in the waiting stage, and realize the switching of the return data types of the electronic tag.
Wherein the duty cycle of the first modulation signal is not equal to the duty cycle of the switching field of the reader/writer.
The duty ratio of the first modulation signal sent by the electronic tag in the waiting stage is not equal to the duty ratio of the switch field of the reader-writer, so that the switch field of the reader-writer is exactly overlapped with the high level part of the first modulation signal at a certain moment, and during the overlapping period, the chip of the electronic tag demodulates the switching signal, thereby realizing the switching of the return data type of the electronic tag.
According to the technical scheme, the electronic tag enters an initialization stage after entering a reader-writer field, energy power-on initialization is obtained, the electronic tag enters a waiting stage after being initialized, the electronic tag returns a first modulation signal in the waiting stage, and if the electronic tag receives a switch field signal of the reader-writer in the waiting stage, the electronic tag switches the returned data type. And the duration of the electronic tag initialization stage is controlled to be smaller than the open duration of the re-open field after the field of the reader-writer is closed, so that the electronic tag is ensured to be initialized when the reader-writer is open. The sum of the duration of the electronic tag initialization stage and the duration of the electronic tag waiting stage is larger than the starting duration of restarting the electronic tag after the reader-writer field is closed, so that the reader-writer is prevented from being in a starting state when the electronic tag is in the waiting stage, the electronic tag can be enabled to coincide with the closing field of the reader-writer when the electronic tag is in the waiting stage, and the switching of the return data types of the electronic tag is realized. The duty ratio of the first modulation signal sent by the electronic tag in the waiting stage is not equal to the duty ratio of the switch field of the reader-writer, so that the switch field of the reader-writer is exactly overlapped with the high level part of the first modulation signal at a certain moment, and the chip of the electronic tag demodulates the switching signal in the overlapped period, thereby realizing the switching of the return data type of the electronic tag. Therefore, the electronic tag working mode can be switched without further approaching the tag by the reader, the communication distance between the reader and the electronic tag is ensured not to be reduced, and the effect of switching the electronic tag working mode under the condition of not losing the communication sensitivity of the reader and the electronic tag is realized.
Example III
Fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of an electronic tag according to a third embodiment of the present invention, where the electronic tag is configured to enter a waiting phase after entering a reader field; the electronic tag returns a first modulation signal in a waiting stage;
if the electronic tag receives a switch field signal of the reader-writer in the waiting stage, returning the first type data; if the electronic tag does not receive the switch field signal of the reader-writer in the waiting stage, returning the second type of data;
wherein the duty cycle of the first modulation signal is smaller than the duty cycle of the first type data and the second type data.
Optionally, the electronic tag is further configured to, if the electronic tag receives a field-off signal of the reader-writer;
the electronic tag transmits a second modulated signal.
Optionally, before the electronic tag enters the waiting stage, the method further includes: an initialization stage;
the electronic tag is also used for initialization in an initialization phase.
Optionally, the duration of the electronic tag initialization stage is less than the on-time of re-on after the reader-writer field is turned off;
the sum of the duration of the electronic tag initialization phase and the duration of the electronic tag waiting phase is greater than the on-time duration of the re-on after the reader-writer field is turned off.
Optionally, the sum of the duration of the electronic tag initialization phase and the duration of the electronic tag waiting phase is greater than the duration of the reader switch field;
the duration of the reader-writer switching field is longer than the on-time of the re-on-field after the reader-writer field is turned off.
Optionally, the duty cycle of the first modulation signal is not equal to the duty cycle of the switching field of the reader/writer.
In order to implement the working method of the electronic tag according to the above embodiment, the implementation principle and the technical effect of the electronic tag according to the present embodiment are similar to those of the above embodiment, and are not repeated herein.
Example IV
Fig. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of an electronic tag system according to a fourth embodiment of the present invention, where the electronic tag system is applicable to an electronic tag working situation, and the electronic tag system specifically includes the electronic tag and the reader described in the foregoing embodiments.
The switching signal is demodulated by the electronic tag through controlling the duty ratio of the switching field of the reader-writer and the duty ratio of the first modulation signal returned by the electronic tag, so that the first modulation signal and the switching field of the reader-writer overlap the device, and the electronic tag switches the returned data type. And the duty ratio of the first modulation signal returned by the electronic tag is smaller than the duty ratio of the first type data and the second type data, so that the chip power supply voltage of the electronic tag cannot be reduced to the minimum value after the electronic tag returns the first modulation signal, and the reader-writer does not need to be close to the electronic tag for communication, thereby ensuring that the working mode of the electronic tag is switched under the condition of not losing sensitivity.
According to the technical scheme, the electronic tag enters the reader-writer field and then enters the waiting stage, the electronic tag returns a first modulation signal in the waiting stage, and if the electronic tag receives a switch field signal of the reader-writer in the waiting stage, the electronic tag switches the returned data type. The electronic tag switching device solves the problem that the communication sensitivity of the reader-writer and the electronic tag is reduced because the reader-writer can switch the working mode of the electronic tag only when transmitting the instruction, and achieves the effect of switching the working mode of the electronic tag under the condition that the communication sensitivity of the reader-writer and the electronic tag is not lost.
Note that the above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and the technical principle applied. It will be understood by those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the particular embodiments described herein, but is capable of various obvious changes, rearrangements and substitutions as will now become apparent to those skilled in the art without departing from the scope of the invention. Therefore, while the invention has been described in connection with the above embodiments, the invention is not limited to the embodiments, but may be embodied in many other equivalent forms without departing from the spirit or scope of the invention, which is set forth in the following claims.
Claims (7)
1. An electronic tag working method is characterized by comprising the following steps:
entering a waiting stage after the electronic tag enters a reader-writer field; the electronic tag returns a first modulation signal in a waiting stage;
if the electronic tag receives a switch field signal of the reader-writer in the waiting stage, returning the first type data; if the electronic tag does not receive the switch field signal of the reader-writer in the waiting stage, returning second type data;
the duty ratio of the first modulation signal is smaller than the duty ratio of the first type data and the second type data, and the duty ratio of the first modulation signal is not equal to the duty ratio of the switch field of the reader-writer;
the method further comprises the steps of:
if the electronic tag receives a field closing signal of the reader-writer;
the electronic tag transmits a second modulated signal.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein the electronic tag further comprises, prior to entering the wait phase: an initialization stage;
and initializing the electronic tag in the initialization stage.
3. The method of claim 2, wherein the duration of the electronic tag initialization phase is less than the on-duration of the re-on after the reader field is turned off;
and the sum of the duration of the electronic tag initialization stage and the duration of the electronic tag waiting stage is larger than the open time of restarting the reader-writer field after closing.
4. The method of claim 2, wherein a sum of a duration of the electronic tag initialization phase and a duration of the electronic tag waiting phase is greater than a sum of a duration of the reader switch field and an on-time of a re-on after the reader field is turned off.
5. An electronic tag is characterized in that the electronic tag is used for entering a waiting stage after entering a reader-writer field; the electronic tag returns a first modulation signal in a waiting stage;
if the electronic tag receives a switch field signal of the reader-writer in the waiting stage, returning the first type data; if the electronic tag does not receive the switch field signal of the reader-writer in the waiting stage, returning second type data;
the duty ratio of the first modulation signal is smaller than the duty ratio of the first type data and the second type data, and the duty ratio of the first modulation signal is not equal to the duty ratio of the switch field of the reader-writer;
the electronic tag is also used for receiving a field closing signal of the reader-writer if the electronic tag receives the field closing signal of the reader-writer;
the electronic tag transmits a second modulated signal.
6. The electronic tag of claim 5, further comprising, prior to entering the wait phase: an initialization stage;
the electronic tag is also used for initializing in an initializing stage.
7. An electronic tag system comprising the electronic tag of claim 5 or 6 and a reader/writer.
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