CN112305067B - Method and detection instrument for improving milk quality ultrasonic detection precision - Google Patents

Method and detection instrument for improving milk quality ultrasonic detection precision Download PDF

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CN112305067B
CN112305067B CN202011339341.3A CN202011339341A CN112305067B CN 112305067 B CN112305067 B CN 112305067B CN 202011339341 A CN202011339341 A CN 202011339341A CN 112305067 B CN112305067 B CN 112305067B
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fat
protein
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CN112305067A (en
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陈光耀
陈宏鑫
吴必武
黄耀铕
危娟
肖书李
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Fujian Mingyi Ecological Nutrition Co ltd
Wissun International Nutrition Group Co ltd
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Wissun International Nutrition Group Co ltd
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    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N29/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic waves; Visualisation of the interior of objects by transmitting ultrasonic or sonic waves through the object
    • G01N29/02—Analysing fluids
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N29/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic waves; Visualisation of the interior of objects by transmitting ultrasonic or sonic waves through the object
    • G01N29/22—Details, e.g. general constructional or apparatus details
    • G01N29/222—Constructional or flow details for analysing fluids
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N29/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic waves; Visualisation of the interior of objects by transmitting ultrasonic or sonic waves through the object
    • G01N29/22—Details, e.g. general constructional or apparatus details
    • G01N29/228—Details, e.g. general constructional or apparatus details related to high temperature conditions
    • G—PHYSICS
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    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N29/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic waves; Visualisation of the interior of objects by transmitting ultrasonic or sonic waves through the object
    • G01N29/22—Details, e.g. general constructional or apparatus details
    • G01N29/32—Arrangements for suppressing undesired influences, e.g. temperature or pressure variations, compensating for signal noise
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    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N29/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic waves; Visualisation of the interior of objects by transmitting ultrasonic or sonic waves through the object
    • G01N29/34—Generating the ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic waves, e.g. electronic circuits specially adapted therefor
    • G01N29/341—Generating the ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic waves, e.g. electronic circuits specially adapted therefor with time characteristics
    • G01N29/343—Generating the ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic waves, e.g. electronic circuits specially adapted therefor with time characteristics pulse waves, e.g. particular sequence of pulses, bursts
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N29/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic waves; Visualisation of the interior of objects by transmitting ultrasonic or sonic waves through the object
    • G01N29/34—Generating the ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic waves, e.g. electronic circuits specially adapted therefor
    • G01N29/348—Generating the ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic waves, e.g. electronic circuits specially adapted therefor with frequency characteristics, e.g. single frequency signals, chirp signals
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N29/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic waves; Visualisation of the interior of objects by transmitting ultrasonic or sonic waves through the object
    • G01N29/44—Processing the detected response signal, e.g. electronic circuits specially adapted therefor
    • G01N29/4409—Processing the detected response signal, e.g. electronic circuits specially adapted therefor by comparison
    • G01N29/4427—Processing the detected response signal, e.g. electronic circuits specially adapted therefor by comparison with stored values, e.g. threshold values
    • G—PHYSICS
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    • G01N33/00—Investigating or analysing materials by specific methods not covered by groups G01N1/00 - G01N31/00
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    • G01N33/04—Dairy products
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    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
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    • G01N2291/00—Indexing codes associated with group G01N29/00
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    • G01N2291/0228—Aqueous liquids
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N2291/00—Indexing codes associated with group G01N29/00
    • G01N2291/02—Indexing codes associated with the analysed material
    • G01N2291/028—Material parameters
    • G01N2291/02809—Concentration of a compound, e.g. measured by a surface mass change
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N2291/00—Indexing codes associated with group G01N29/00
    • G01N2291/10—Number of transducers
    • G01N2291/102—Number of transducers one emitter, one receiver

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Abstract

The invention relates to a method for improving the ultrasonic detection precision of milk quality and a detection instrument, comprising a first step, a second step, a third step, a fourth step and a fifth step, wherein a transmitting transducer converts a high-frequency electronic pulse signal into an ultrasonic signal, the ultrasonic signal is transmitted to one end of the side surface of a sample pool to be detected and transversely passes through a milk sample to scan the milk sample, the ultrasonic signal of the scanned milk sample is received by a receiving transducer after being amplified by an ultrasonic circuit amplifier, the receiving transducer converts the received ultrasonic signal into a high-frequency electronic pulse signal and transmits the high-frequency electronic pulse signal to a fat detector or a protein detector in a detection module to detect the fat content or the protein content of the milk sample, thereby reducing the influence of temperature on the milk quality detection by the ultrasonic quick scanning without temperature difference and improving the ultrasonic detection precision of the milk quality, and the same milk sample is detected for multiple times and judged in batches, so that the cost and the time are saved.

Description

Method and detection instrument for improving milk quality ultrasonic detection precision
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of milk quality detection, in particular to a method and a detection instrument for improving milk quality ultrasonic detection precision.
Background
In recent years, along with the improvement of living standards and health requirements of people, the milk breeding industry and the processing and production of dairy products in China are rapidly developed, in order to fully ensure the sanitation of fresh milk and the quality of dairy products, and enable vast consumers to drink safe and reassuring fresh milk and dairy products, besides a strict production process, the rapid and accurate analysis and detection of the quality of a milk source is also a very important link, the processing quality of the milk product can be influenced by the unstable quality of the milk source, and therefore, a dairy product production enterprise must be equipped with instruments or equipment specially used for detecting the quality of milk samples. Most of the existing milk sample component detection methods adopt a chemical analysis method, for example, the fat in milk is usually measured by a babcock method, the protein content is measured by a Kjeldahl method, and the lactose content is measured by an iodometric method. The chemical analysis method has complex operation, high technical requirement, long test time and long test time, needs chemical reagents, has great influence on test precision by human factors and environmental factors, and can not meet the requirements of actual detection, particularly on-line detection. In recent years, the method for detecting the milk quality by applying the ultrasonic technology becomes a new method worthy of popularization at present, and has the advantages of no need of pretreatment and damage to samples, low consumption, no need of chemical reagents, no pollution, high analysis speed and the like; the method also has the advantages of low cost, capability of simultaneously measuring various components in a nondestructive way, capability of testing the opaque liquid and the like, and is a real green detection technology.
The milk is one of the most common foods consumed in human life, and contains various nutrient elements required by human bodies, such as protein, fat, lactose, various vitamins and the like, wherein the fat content is about 3.9g/100ml, the protein content is about 3.25g/100ml, and the milk quality detection contents of milk product manufacturers mainly comprise: (1) milk fat content; (2) milk protein content; (3) milk lactose content; (4) milk nonfat milk solids content. Wherein, (1) and (2) are core indexes for determining the quality of the milk, and (3) and (4) are reference indexes for representing the quality of the milk, if any one of (1) and (2) is unqualified, the milk cannot be put into the market, and the (3) and (4) indexes are parameter indexes for improving the economic value of the milk under the condition that the indexes (1) and (2) are qualified.
At present, some milk quality detecting instruments based on an ultrasonic principle exist, but milk is heated to a certain temperature and kept at a constant temperature, and ultrasonic parameters are measured in a constant temperature state, so that the milk quality ultrasonic detection precision is not high due to the fact that the constant temperature state is difficult to accurately control.
Disclosure of Invention
Therefore, the invention provides a method and a detection instrument for improving the milk quality ultrasonic detection precision, which can effectively reduce the influence of temperature on the milk quality detection, thereby improving the milk quality ultrasonic detection precision, and save the cost and time by carrying out detection and batch judgment on the same milk sample for multiple times.
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides a method and a detection apparatus for improving the milk quality ultrasonic detection precision, comprising:
step one, placing a sampled milk sample needing to be detected into a sample pool to be detected of a detection instrument, adjusting a temperature control valve, and heating the milk sample, wherein the heating temperature range is 35-45 ℃;
step two, in the heating process of the step one, a temperature sensor is used for measuring the real-time temperature of the milk sample, the measured real-time temperature is synchronously transmitted to a detection module, the real-time temperature is compared with the parameters in a preset core temperature matrix Ha, if the preset conditions are met, a fat detector or a protein detector in a pulse signal transmitting module detection module converts a high-frequency electronic pulse signal into an ultrasonic signal through a transmitting transducer, the ultrasonic signal is transmitted to the milk sample at one end of the side surface of a sample pool to be detected and transversely passes through the milk sample to scan the milk sample, the ultrasonic signal which passes through the milk sample after being scanned is amplified by an ultrasonic circuit amplifier and then is received by a receiving transducer, the receiving transducer converts the received ultrasonic signal into a high-frequency electronic pulse signal and transmits the high-frequency electronic pulse signal to the fat detector or the protein detector in the pulse signal transmitting module detection module to detect the fat content or the fat content of the milk sample Detecting the protein content;
step three, comparing the fat content and the protein content detected in the step two with the parameters in the interval of a preset fat content qualification matrix Z0 or a preset protein qualification content matrix D0, if any content does not meet the preset conditions, adjusting the temperature control valve, cooling the milk sample, wherein the minimum cooling temperature is 35 ℃, repeating the detection process in the step two to carry out secondary detection on the fat content or/and the protein content of the milk sample in the cooling process, comparing the fat content detected in the cooling process with the parameters in the preset fat content qualification matrix Z0, comparing the protein content with the parameters in the preset protein qualification content matrix D0, after the comparison is finished, adjusting the temperature control valve, heating the milk sample again, wherein the heating highest temperature is 45 ℃, in the reheating process, repeating the detection process in the second step to detect the fat content or the protein content of the milk sample for three times, comparing the fat content in the reheating process with the parameters in the preset qualified fat content matrix Z0, and comparing the protein content with the parameters in the preset qualified protein content matrix D0;
after the comparison is finished, if any content does not accord with the preset condition, calculating a comprehensive evaluation value, comparing the comprehensive evaluation value with the preset comprehensive evaluation value, if the preset condition is met, the quality of the milk subjected to sampling detection corresponding to the milk sample is qualified and can be put into the market, and if the preset condition is not met, the quality of the milk subjected to sampling detection corresponding to the milk sample is unqualified and cannot be put into the market;
step four, in the step two and the step three, if the fat content and the protein content both meet preset conditions, acquiring the current real-time temperature, matching the real-time temperature with a parameter interval in a preset non-core temperature interval matrix Hb, allowing the milk sample to flow into a lactose detection kit by adjusting a first control valve so as to detect the lactose content of the milk sample, and allowing the milk sample to flow into a non-fat milk solid analyzer by adjusting a second control valve so as to detect the non-fat milk solid content of the milk sample;
fifthly, printing the detection report of the detected fat content, protein content, lactose content and non-fat milk solid content by a printer;
in the third step, when the milk sample in the cooling and reheating processes is detected, only one or two contents which do not meet the preset conditions in the previous detection are detected again;
the detection instrument is connected with a central control module in a wireless mode, the central control module controls the detection process from the second step to the fourth step, and a matrix is arranged in the central control module;
in the cooling and reheating detection process in the third step, if the detection module only judges that the fat content is unqualified, the central control module compares the fat content difference value with the parameters in a preset fat content difference value matrix delta Z0, and detects the fat content again when the real-time temperature reaches the preset temperature for fat content detection after the size of the ultrasonic signal transmitted by the transmitting transducer is adjusted; if the detection module only judges that the protein content is unqualified, the central control module compares the protein content difference with the parameters in a preset protein content difference matrix delta D0, detects the protein content again when the real-time temperature reaches the preset temperature of the protein content detection, and receives the protein content by the receiving transducer after adjusting the amplification power of the ultrasonic circuit amplifier; and if the detection module judges that the fat content and the protein content are not qualified, the central control module matches the comprehensive content difference value with a parameter interval in a preset comprehensive content difference value interval matrix A, and transmits the ultrasonic signal to the detection module after adjusting the size of the ultrasonic signal received by the receiving transducer.
Further, the central control module is provided with a preset core temperature matrix Ha (Ha1, Ha2), wherein Ha1 represents a first preset temperature, Ha2 represents a second preset temperature, and Ha1 < Ha 2;
the real-time temperature measured by the temperature sensor is h;
if the real-time temperature h is equal to the first preset temperature Ha1, the fat detector converts a high-frequency electronic pulse signal into an ultrasonic signal through the transmitting transducer, transmits the ultrasonic signal to one end of the side surface of the sample pool to be detected and transversely penetrates through a milk sample in the sample pool to scan the milk sample, the ultrasonic signal of the scanned milk sample is received by the receiving transducer after being amplified by the ultrasonic circuit amplifier, and the receiving transducer converts the received ultrasonic signal into a high-frequency electronic pulse signal and transmits the high-frequency electronic pulse signal to the fat detector to detect the fat content of the milk sample;
if the real-time temperature h is equal to the second preset temperature Ha2, the protein detector converts the high-frequency electronic pulse signal into an ultrasonic signal through the transmitting transducer, transmits the ultrasonic signal to one end of the side face of the sample pool to be detected and transversely penetrates through a milk sample in the sample pool to scan the milk sample, the ultrasonic signal of the scanned milk sample is received by the receiving transducer after being amplified by the ultrasonic circuit amplifier, and the receiving transducer converts the received ultrasonic signal into a high-frequency electronic pulse signal and transmits the high-frequency electronic pulse signal to the protein detector to detect the protein content of the milk sample.
Further, the central control module is also provided with a preset fat content qualified matrix Z0(Zmin, Zmax), wherein Zmin represents the minimum value of the preset fat qualified content, Zmax represents the maximum value of the preset fat qualified content, and Zmin is less than Zmax;
the central control module is also provided with a preset fat content difference matrix delta Z0 (delta Z01, delta Z02 and delta Z03), wherein delta Z01 represents a first difference value of preset fat content, delta Z02 represents a second difference value of preset fat content, delta Z03 represents a third difference value of preset fat content, and delta Z01 is less than delta Z02 and less than delta Z03;
the central control module is further provided with a preset ultrasonic signal size matrix C (C1, C2, C3 and C4), wherein C1 represents a first size of an ultrasonic signal, C2 represents a second size of the ultrasonic signal, C3 represents a third size of the ultrasonic signal, and C4 represents a fourth size of the ultrasonic signal;
the fat content detected by the fat detector is alpha, and is used for calculating a fat content difference value delta alpha, and the calculation formula is as follows:
Δ α ═ Δ Zmin- α, or, Δ α ═ α - Δ Zmax;
if the fat content alpha is less than the minimum value Zmin of the preset qualified fat content or more than the maximum value Zmax of the preset qualified fat content, acquiring a fat content difference delta alpha, if the fat content difference delta alpha is less than the first difference delta Z01 of the preset fat content, adjusting the transmitting transducer to enable the size of the transmitted ultrasonic signal to be the first size C1 of the ultrasonic signal, if the first difference delta Z01 of the preset fat content is less than or equal to the second difference delta Z02 of the fat content, adjusting the transmitting transducer to enable the size of the transmitted ultrasonic signal to be the second size C2 of the ultrasonic signal, if the second difference delta Z02 of the preset fat content is less than or equal to the third difference delta Z03 of the fat content difference delta alpha less than the third difference delta Z3683 of the preset fat content, adjusting the transmitting transducer to enable the size of the transmitted ultrasonic signal to be the third size C3 of the ultrasonic signal, if the difference delta alpha of the fat content is more than or equal to the third difference Z03 of the preset fat content, the transmitting transducer is adjusted to transmit an ultrasonic signal having a magnitude of the ultrasonic signal of the fourth magnitude C4.
Further, the central control module is also provided with a preset protein qualified content matrix D0(Dmin, Dmax), wherein the Dmin represents the minimum value of the preset protein qualified content, the Dmax represents the maximum value of the preset protein qualified content, and the Dmin is less than the Dmax;
the central control module is further provided with a preset protein content difference matrix delta D0 (delta D01, delta D02 and delta D03), wherein delta D01 represents a first difference value of the preset protein content, delta D02 represents a second difference value of the preset protein content, delta D03 represents a third difference value of the preset protein content, and delta D01 < deltaD 02 < deltaD 03;
the central control module is further provided with an amplification power matrix F (F1, F2, F3 and F4) of a preset ultrasonic amplifier, wherein F1 represents a first amplification power of the preset ultrasonic amplifier, F2 represents a second amplification power of the preset ultrasonic amplifier, F3 represents a third amplification power of the preset ultrasonic amplifier, and F4 represents a fourth amplification power of the preset ultrasonic amplifier;
the protein content detected by the protein detector is beta, and the calculation formula is as follows for calculating the protein content difference delta beta:
Δ β ═ Δ Dmin- β, or, Δ β ═ β - Δ Dmax;
if the protein content beta is less than the minimum value Dmin of the preset protein qualified content or greater than the maximum value Dmax of the preset protein qualified content, acquiring a protein content difference value delta beta, if the protein content difference value delta beta is less than the first difference value delta D01 of the preset protein content, adjusting the amplification power of the ultrasonic circuit amplifier to enable the amplification power to be the first amplification power F1 of the preset ultrasonic amplifier, if the first difference value delta D01 of the preset protein content is less than or equal to the protein content difference value delta beta < the second difference value delta D02 of the preset protein content, adjusting the amplification power of the ultrasonic circuit amplifier to enable the amplification power to be the second amplification power F2 of the preset ultrasonic amplifier, if the second difference value delta D02 of the preset protein content is less than or equal to the protein content difference value delta beta < the third difference value delta D03 of the preset protein content, adjusting the amplification power of the ultrasonic circuit amplifier to enable the third amplification power F3 of the preset ultrasonic amplifier, and if the protein content difference delta beta is larger than or equal to the preset third protein content difference delta D03, adjusting the amplification power of the ultrasonic circuit amplifier to be the preset fourth amplification power F4 of the ultrasonic amplifier.
Furthermore, the central control module is also provided with a preset comprehensive content difference interval matrix A (A1, A2, A3 and A4), wherein A1 represents a comprehensive content first difference interval, A2 represents a comprehensive content second difference interval, A3 represents a comprehensive content third difference interval, A4 represents a comprehensive content fourth difference interval, and the numerical ranges of the intervals are not overlapped;
if the fat content alpha is smaller than the minimum value Zmin of the preset qualified fat content or larger than the maximum value Zmax of the preset qualified fat content, and the protein content beta is smaller than the minimum value Dmin of the preset qualified protein content or larger than the maximum value Dmax of the preset qualified protein content, acquiring a comprehensive content difference value delta A, wherein the delta A is r x delta alpha + t x delta beta, wherein r represents a fat content difference coefficient, and t represents a protein content difference coefficient;
if the comprehensive content difference value delta A is in the range of a comprehensive content first difference value interval A1, the receiving transducer is adjusted to enable the size of the received ultrasonic signal to be the first size C1 of the ultrasonic signal, if the comprehensive content difference value delta A is in the range of a comprehensive content second difference value interval A2, the receiving transducer is adjusted to enable the size of the received ultrasonic signal to be the second size C2 of the ultrasonic signal, if the comprehensive content difference value delta A is in the range of a comprehensive content third difference value interval A3, the receiving transducer is adjusted to enable the size of the received ultrasonic signal to be the third size C3 of the ultrasonic signal, and if the comprehensive content difference value delta A is in the range of a comprehensive content fourth difference value interval A4, the receiving transducer is adjusted to enable the size of the received ultrasonic signal to be the fourth size C4 of the ultrasonic signal.
Further, the central control module is further provided with a preset cooling process comprehensive content difference value L and a preset reheating process comprehensive content difference value J, and is used for calculating a comprehensive evaluation value g, and the calculation formula is as follows:
Figure BDA0002798145350000061
the central control module is also provided with a preset comprehensive evaluation value g 0;
if the comprehensive evaluation value g is less than or equal to a preset comprehensive evaluation value g0, the quality of the milk subjected to sampling detection corresponding to the milk sample is qualified and can be put into the market;
if the comprehensive evaluation value g is larger than the preset comprehensive evaluation value g0, the quality of the milk subjected to sampling detection corresponding to the milk sample is unqualified, and the milk cannot be put into the market.
Further, the central control module is further provided with a preset non-core temperature interval matrix Hb (Hb1, Hb2), wherein Hb1 represents a preset non-core first temperature interval, Hb2 represents a preset non-core second temperature interval, and the numerical ranges of the intervals are not overlapped;
if the minimum value Zmin of the qualified content of the preset fat is not more than the maximum value Zmax of the qualified content of the preset fat, and the minimum value Dmin of the qualified content of the preset protein is not more than the maximum value Dmax of the qualified content of the preset protein, acquiring the real-time temperature h at the moment, if the real-time temperature h is within a preset non-core first temperature interval Hb1, adjusting a first control valve to enable the milk sample to flow into the lactose detection kit to detect the lactose content of the milk sample, and if the real-time temperature h is within a preset non-core second temperature interval Hb2, adjusting a second control valve to enable the milk sample to flow into a non-fat milk solid analyzer to detect the non-fat milk solid content of the milk sample.
Further, the device comprises a sample pool to be detected, a temperature control valve and a temperature sensor, wherein the temperature control valve is arranged above the sample pool to be detected, the temperature sensor is arranged on the side surface of the sample pool to be detected, the sample pool to be detected is used for placing a milk sample to be detected, the temperature control valve is used for adjusting the temperature, and the temperature sensor is used for detecting and transmitting the temperature of the milk sample;
the detection module is concave and arranged below the sample pool to be detected, two upper ends of the concave are flush with the upper end of the sample pool to be detected, one upper end of the concave is connected with the transmitting transducer, the other upper end of the concave is sequentially connected with the receiving transducer and the ultrasonic circuit amplifier, the detection module is used for detecting a milk sample, the transmitting transducer is used for converting a high-frequency electronic pulse signal into an ultrasonic signal and transmitting the ultrasonic signal to one end of the side face of the sample pool to be detected and transversely penetrates through the milk sample to scan the milk sample, the receiving transducer is used for converting the received ultrasonic signal into a high-frequency electronic pulse signal and transmitting the high-frequency electronic pulse signal to the detection module to detect the milk sample, and the ultrasonic circuit amplifier is used for amplifying the ultrasonic signal of the scanned milk sample;
the lactose detection kit is arranged below a first control valve, the first control valve is arranged on one side of the lower end of the sample pool to be detected, and the first control valve is used for controlling a milk sample to enter the lactose detection kit so as to detect the lactose content of the milk sample;
the non-fat milk solid analyzer is arranged below a second control valve, the second control valve is arranged on one side of the lower end of the sample pool to be detected and is symmetrically arranged with the first control valve, and the second control valve is used for controlling a milk sample to enter the non-fat milk solid analyzer so as to detect the non-fat milk solid content of the milk sample.
Furthermore, a fat content detector and a protein content detector are arranged in the detection module, the fat content detector is used for detecting the fat content of the milk sample, and the protein content detector is used for detecting the protein content of the milk sample.
Further, still include printer and display screen, the printer with the display screen is connected, the printer is used for printing the detection report that the testing result of milk sample formed, the display screen is used for the testing result of real-time display milk sample.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the advantages that the temperature control valve adjusts the temperature of the milk sample in the sample pool to be detected, so that the temperature of the milk sample is controlled in a temperature interval with the best measurement stability, the real-time temperature measured by the temperature sensor is compared with the parameters in the preset core temperature matrix Ha in the heating process, if the temperature meets the preset conditions, the fat detector or the protein detector in the detection module converts a high-frequency electronic pulse signal into an ultrasonic signal through the transmitting transducer, transmits the ultrasonic signal to one end of the side surface of the sample pool to be detected and transversely penetrates through the milk sample to scan the milk sample, the ultrasonic signal of the scanned milk sample is received by the receiving transducer after being amplified by the ultrasonic circuit amplifier, and the receiving transducer converts the received ultrasonic signal into a high-frequency electronic pulse signal and transmits the high-frequency electronic pulse signal to the fat detector or the protein detector in the detection module to detect the fat content or the protein content of the milk sample Detecting the protein content, then comparing the detection result with a preset condition, if the detection result does not accord with the preset condition, adjusting the temperature control valve, cooling the milk sample, detecting again in the cooling process, comparing the detection result with the preset condition, if the detection result does not accord with the preset condition, adjusting the temperature control valve, heating the milk sample again, detecting for three times in the reheating process, comparing the detection result with the preset condition, and if the detection result does not accord with the preset condition, comparing the comprehensive evaluation value with the preset comprehensive evaluation value to judge whether the quality of the milk sample is qualified. Therefore, the influence of temperature on the milk quality detection can be reduced by ultrasonic fast scanning without temperature difference, the milk quality ultrasonic detection precision is improved, the same milk sample is detected for multiple times, and the cost and the time are saved by batch judgment.
Furthermore, after the milk sample is put into a sample pool to be detected, the temperature control valve adjusts the temperature of the milk sample, the temperature sensor measures the temperature of the milk sample in real time and synchronously transmits the temperature measured in real time to the detection module, when the temperature of the detection module reaches a target temperature, the detection module converts a high-frequency electronic pulse signal into an ultrasonic signal through the transmitting transducer, the ultrasonic signal is transmitted to one end of the side surface of the sample pool to be detected and transversely penetrates through the milk sample to scan the milk sample, the ultrasonic signal of the scanned milk sample is amplified by the ultrasonic circuit amplifier and then received by the receiving transducer, the receiving transducer converts the received ultrasonic signal into a high-frequency electronic pulse signal and transmits the high-frequency electronic pulse signal to the detection module to detect the fat content or the protein content of the milk sample, and in the detection process, the transmitting transducer is adjusted according to needs, The ultrasonic circuit amplifier or the receiving transducer is used for improving the detection precision, so that the influence of temperature on the milk quality detection can be reduced by ultrasonic fast scanning without temperature difference, and the milk quality ultrasonic detection precision is improved.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a detecting instrument for improving the ultrasonic detection precision of milk quality according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic flow chart of the method for improving the milk quality ultrasonic detection precision of the present invention;
in the figure: 1-a sample pool to be detected; 11-a temperature control valve; 12-a temperature sensor; 13-a first control valve; 14-a second control valve; 2-a detection module; 21-a fat detector; 22-protein detector; 31-a transmitting transducer; 32-an ultrasonic circuit amplifier; 33-a receiving transducer; 41-lactose assay kit; 42-milk solids non-fat analyzer; 51-a display screen; 52-printer.
Detailed Description
In order that the objects and advantages of the invention will be more clearly understood, the invention is further described below with reference to examples; it should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not intended to limit the invention.
Preferred embodiments of the present invention are described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. It should be understood by those skilled in the art that these embodiments are only for explaining the technical principle of the present invention, and do not limit the scope of the present invention.
It should be noted that in the description of the present invention, the terms of direction or positional relationship indicated by the terms "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "inner", "outer", etc. are based on the directions or positional relationships shown in the drawings, which are only for convenience of description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element must have a specific orientation, be constructed in a specific orientation, and be operated, and thus, should not be construed as limiting the present invention.
Furthermore, it should be noted that, in the description of the present invention, unless otherwise explicitly specified or limited, the terms "mounted," "connected," and "connected" are to be construed broadly, and may be, for example, fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally connected; can be mechanically or electrically connected; they may be connected directly or indirectly through intervening media, or they may be interconnected between two elements. The specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood by those skilled in the art according to specific situations.
Referring to fig. 1 and 2, fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a detecting apparatus for improving milk quality ultrasonic detection accuracy according to the present invention, and fig. 2 is a schematic flow chart of a method for improving milk quality ultrasonic detection accuracy according to the present invention. The invention provides a method for improving the ultrasonic detection precision of milk quality, which comprises the following steps:
step one, placing a sampled milk sample needing to be detected into a sample pool 1 to be detected of a detection instrument, adjusting a temperature control valve 11, and heating the milk sample, wherein the heating temperature range is 35-45 ℃;
in the embodiment of the invention, the heating temperature range is 35-45 ℃ because the milk sample in the temperature range has the best measurement stability.
Step two, in the heating process of the step one, the temperature sensor 12 is utilized to measure the real-time temperature of the milk sample, and synchronously transmitting the measured real-time temperature to the detection module 2, comparing the real-time temperature with the parameters in the preset core temperature matrix Ha, if the real-time temperature meets the preset conditions, the fat detector 21 or the protein detector 22 in the detection module 2 converts a high-frequency electronic pulse signal into an ultrasonic signal through the transmitting transducer 31, transmits the ultrasonic signal to one end of the side surface of the sample cell 1 to be detected and transversely passes through a milk sample in the sample cell to scan the milk sample, the ultrasonic signal of the scanned milk sample is received by the receiving transducer 33 after being amplified by the ultrasonic circuit amplifier 32, and the receiving transducer 33 converts the received ultrasonic signal into a high-frequency electronic pulse signal and transmits the high-frequency electronic pulse signal to the fat detector 21 or the protein detector 22 in the detection module 2 to detect the fat content or the protein content of the milk sample;
step three, comparing the fat content and the protein content detected in the step two with parameters in a preset fat content qualification matrix Z0 or a preset protein qualification matrix D0, if any content does not meet preset conditions, adjusting the temperature control valve 11, cooling the milk sample, wherein the minimum cooling temperature is 35 ℃, repeating the detection process in the step two to perform secondary detection on the fat content or/and the protein content of the milk sample in the cooling process, comparing the fat content detected in the cooling process with the parameters in the preset fat content qualification matrix Z0, comparing the protein content with the parameters in the preset protein qualification content matrix D0, after the comparison is completed, adjusting the temperature control valve 11, heating the milk sample again, wherein the highest heating temperature is 45 ℃, in the reheating process, repeating the detection process in the second step to detect the fat content or the protein content of the milk sample for three times, comparing the fat content in the reheating process with the parameters in the preset qualified fat content matrix Z0, and comparing the protein content with the parameters in the preset qualified protein content matrix D0;
after the comparison is finished, if any content does not accord with the preset condition, calculating a comprehensive evaluation value, comparing the comprehensive evaluation value with the preset comprehensive evaluation value, if the preset condition is met, the quality of the milk subjected to sampling detection corresponding to the milk sample is qualified and can be put into the market, and if the preset condition is not met, the quality of the milk subjected to sampling detection corresponding to the milk sample is unqualified and cannot be put into the market;
in the embodiment of the invention, the lowest cooling temperature is 35 ℃, and the highest heating temperature is 45 ℃, because the measurement stability of the milk sample at the temperature lower than 35 ℃ or higher than 45 ℃ is poor, the milk sample cannot be used for the detection;
step four, in the step two and the step three, if the fat content and the protein content both meet preset conditions, acquiring a current real-time temperature, matching the real-time temperature with a parameter interval in a preset non-core temperature interval matrix Hb, allowing the milk sample to flow into a lactose detection kit 41 by adjusting a first control valve 13 to detect the lactose content of the milk sample, and allowing the milk sample to flow into a non-fat milk solid analyzer 42 by adjusting a second control valve 14 to detect the non-fat milk solid content of the milk sample;
in the embodiment of the invention, the fat content and the protein content both meet the preset conditions, do not need to meet the preset conditions at the same time, and can meet the requirements simultaneously or can meet the requirements in batch detection, namely, the fat content and the protein content only need to meet the preset conditions simultaneously or respectively in the processes of heating detection in the second step, cooling detection in the third step, reheating detection and evaluation comparison;
step five, printing the detection report of the detected fat content, protein content, lactose content and non-fat milk solid content by a printer 52;
in the real-time example of the invention, in the detection process of the third step and the fourth step, the detection result is displayed in real time through the display, and in the working process, the detected contents of the milk sample are displayed on the display screen 51 in real time, so that the observation and the regulation and control are convenient;
in the third step, when the milk sample in the cooling and reheating processes is detected, only one or two contents which do not meet the preset conditions in the previous detection are detected again;
the detection instrument is wirelessly connected with a central control module (not shown in the figure), the central control module controls the detection process from the second step to the fourth step, and a matrix is arranged in the central control module.
In the cooling and reheating detection process in the third step, if the detection module 2 only determines that the fat content is unqualified, the central control module compares the fat content difference with the parameters in a preset fat content difference matrix delta Z0, and detects the fat content again after the real-time temperature reaches the preset temperature for fat content detection after the size of the ultrasonic signal emitted by the emitting transducer 31 is adjusted; if the detection module 2 only judges that the protein content is unqualified, the central control module compares the protein content difference with the parameters in the preset protein content difference matrix delta D0, detects the protein content again when the real-time temperature reaches the preset temperature of the protein content detection, and receives the protein content by the receiving transducer 33 after adjusting the amplification power of the ultrasonic circuit amplifier 32; if the detection module 2 determines that the fat content and the protein content are not qualified, the central control module matches the comprehensive content difference value with a parameter interval in a preset comprehensive content difference value interval matrix A, and transmits the ultrasonic signal received by the receiving transducer 33 to the detection module 2 after adjusting the size of the ultrasonic signal.
The temperature control valve 11 in the embodiment of the invention adjusts the temperature of the milk sample in the sample pool 1 to be detected, so that the temperature of the milk sample is controlled in a temperature range with the best measurement stability, during the heating process, the real-time temperature measured by the temperature sensor 12 is compared with the parameters in the preset core temperature matrix Ha, if the temperature meets the preset conditions, the fat detector 21 or the protein detector 22 in the detection module 2 converts a high-frequency electronic pulse signal into an ultrasonic signal through the transmitting transducer 31, the ultrasonic signal is transmitted to one end of the side surface of the sample pool 1 to be detected and transversely passes through the milk sample to scan the milk sample, the ultrasonic signal of the scanned milk sample is received by the receiving transducer 33 after being amplified by the ultrasonic circuit amplifier 32, the received ultrasonic signal is converted into a high-frequency electronic pulse signal by the receiving transducer 33 and is transmitted to the fat detector 21 or the protein detector 22 in the detection module 2 to scan the fat of the milk sample Detecting fat content or protein content, then comparing the detection result with a preset condition, if the detection result does not accord with the preset condition, adjusting the temperature control valve 11, cooling the milk sample, detecting again in the cooling process, comparing the detection result with the preset condition, if the detection result does not accord with the preset condition, adjusting the temperature control valve 11, reheating the milk sample, detecting for three times in the reheating process, comparing the detection result with the preset condition, and if the detection result does not accord with the preset condition, comparing the comprehensive evaluation value with the preset comprehensive evaluation value to judge whether the quality of the milk sample is qualified. Therefore, the influence of temperature on the milk quality detection can be reduced by ultrasonic fast scanning without temperature difference, the milk quality ultrasonic detection precision is improved, the same milk sample is detected for multiple times, and the cost and the time are saved by batch judgment.
Specifically, the central control module is provided with a preset core temperature matrix Ha (Ha1, Ha2), wherein Ha1 represents a first preset temperature, Ha2 represents a second preset temperature, and Ha1 < Ha 2;
the real-time temperature measured by the temperature sensor 12 is h;
if the real-time temperature h is equal to the first preset temperature Ha1, the fat detector 21 converts the high-frequency electronic pulse signal into an ultrasonic signal through the transmitting transducer 31, transmits the ultrasonic signal to one end of the side surface of the sample cell 1 to be detected and transversely passes through a milk sample in the sample cell to scan the milk sample, the ultrasonic signal of the scanned milk sample is received by the receiving transducer 33 after being amplified by the ultrasonic circuit amplifier 32, and the receiving transducer 33 converts the received ultrasonic signal into a high-frequency electronic pulse signal and transmits the high-frequency electronic pulse signal to the fat detector 21 to detect the fat content of the milk sample;
if the real-time temperature h is equal to the second preset temperature Ha2, the protein detector 22 converts the high-frequency electronic pulse signal into an ultrasonic signal by the transmitting transducer 31, transmits the ultrasonic signal to one end of the side surface of the sample cell 1 to be detected and transversely passes through the milk sample to scan the milk sample, the ultrasonic signal of the scanned milk sample is amplified by the ultrasonic circuit amplifier 32 and then received by the receiving transducer 33, and the receiving transducer 33 converts the received ultrasonic signal into a high-frequency electronic pulse signal and transmits the high-frequency electronic pulse signal to the protein detector 22 to detect the protein content of the milk sample.
The real-time example of the invention can reduce the influence of temperature on the milk quality detection by ultrasonic fast scanning without temperature difference, thereby improving the milk quality ultrasonic detection precision.
Specifically, the central control module is further provided with a preset fat content qualified matrix Z0(Zmin, Zmax), wherein Zmin represents the minimum value of the preset fat qualified content, Zmax represents the maximum value of the preset fat qualified content, and Zmin is less than Zmax;
the central control module is also provided with a preset fat content difference matrix delta Z0 (delta Z01, delta Z02 and delta Z03), wherein delta Z01 represents a first difference value of preset fat content, delta Z02 represents a second difference value of preset fat content, delta Z03 represents a third difference value of preset fat content, and delta Z01 is less than delta Z02 and less than delta Z03;
the central control module is further provided with a preset ultrasonic signal size matrix C (C1, C2, C3 and C4), wherein C1 represents a first size of an ultrasonic signal, C2 represents a second size of the ultrasonic signal, C3 represents a third size of the ultrasonic signal, and C4 represents a fourth size of the ultrasonic signal;
the fat content detected by the fat detector 21 is alpha, and is used for calculating a fat content difference value delta alpha, and the calculation formula is as follows:
Δ α ═ Δ Zmin- α, or, Δ α ═ α - Δ Zmax;
if the fat content alpha is less than the minimum value Zmin of the preset qualified fat content or greater than the maximum value Zmax of the preset qualified fat content, acquiring a fat content difference delta alpha, if the fat content difference delta alpha is less than the first difference delta Z01 of the preset fat content, adjusting the transmitting transducer 31 to enable the size of the transmitted ultrasonic signal to be the first size C1 of the ultrasonic signal, if the first difference delta Z01 of the preset fat content is less than or equal to the second difference delta Z02 of the fat content, adjusting the transmitting transducer 31 to enable the size of the transmitted ultrasonic signal to be the second size C2 of the ultrasonic signal, if the second difference delta Z02 of the preset fat content is less than or equal to the second difference delta alpha of the fat content is less than the third difference delta Z03 of the preset fat content, adjusting the transmitting transducer 31 to enable the size of the transmitted ultrasonic signal to be the third size C3 of the ultrasonic signal, if the difference delta alpha of the fat content is more than or equal to the third difference delta Z03 of the preset fat content, the transmitting transducer 31 is adjusted to transmit an ultrasonic signal of a fourth magnitude C4.
The embodiment of the invention can control the transmitting transducer 31 to adjust the size of the transmitted ultrasonic signal, thereby improving the accuracy of detecting the fat content.
Specifically, the central control module is further provided with a preset protein qualified content matrix D0(Dmin, Dmax), wherein the Dmin represents the minimum value of the preset protein qualified content, the Dmax represents the maximum value of the preset protein qualified content, and the Dmin is less than the Dmax;
the central control module is further provided with a preset protein content difference matrix delta D0 (delta D01, delta D02 and delta D03), wherein delta D01 represents a first difference value of the preset protein content, delta D02 represents a second difference value of the preset protein content, delta D03 represents a third difference value of the preset protein content, and delta D01 < deltaD 02 < deltaD 03;
the central control module is further provided with an amplification power matrix F (F1, F2, F3 and F4) of a preset ultrasonic amplifier, wherein F1 represents a first amplification power of the preset ultrasonic amplifier, F2 represents a second amplification power of the preset ultrasonic amplifier, F3 represents a third amplification power of the preset ultrasonic amplifier, and F4 represents a fourth amplification power of the preset ultrasonic amplifier;
the protein content detected by the protein detector 22 is β, and is used for calculating a protein content difference Δ β, and the calculation formula is as follows:
Δ β ═ Δ Dmin- β, or, Δ β ═ β - Δ Dmax;
if the protein content beta is less than the minimum value Dmin of the preset protein qualified content or greater than the maximum value Dmax of the preset protein qualified content, acquiring a protein content difference value delta beta, if the protein content difference value delta beta is less than the first difference value delta D01 of the preset protein content, adjusting the amplification power of the ultrasonic circuit amplifier to enable the amplification power to be the first amplification power F1 of the preset ultrasonic amplifier, if the first difference value delta D01 of the preset protein content is less than or equal to the protein content difference value delta beta < the second difference value delta D02 of the preset protein content, adjusting the amplification power of the ultrasonic circuit amplifier to enable the amplification power to be the second amplification power F2 of the preset ultrasonic amplifier, if the second difference value delta D02 of the preset protein content is less than or equal to the protein content difference value delta beta < the third difference value delta D03 of the preset protein content, adjusting the amplification power of the ultrasonic circuit amplifier to enable the third amplification power F3 of the preset ultrasonic amplifier, and if the protein content difference delta beta is larger than or equal to the preset third protein content difference delta D03, adjusting the amplification power of the ultrasonic circuit amplifier to be the preset fourth amplification power F4 of the ultrasonic amplifier.
According to the embodiment of the invention, the amplification power of the ultrasonic circuit amplifier can be adjusted to improve the accuracy of protein content detection.
Specifically, the central control module is further provided with a preset comprehensive content difference interval matrix A (A1, A2, A3 and A4), wherein A1 represents a comprehensive content first difference interval, A2 represents a comprehensive content second difference interval, A3 represents a comprehensive content third difference interval, A4 represents a comprehensive content fourth difference interval, and numerical ranges of the intervals are not overlapped;
if the fat content alpha is smaller than the minimum value Zmin of the preset qualified fat content or larger than the maximum value Zmax of the preset qualified fat content, and the protein content beta is smaller than the minimum value Dmin of the preset qualified protein content or larger than the maximum value Dmax of the preset qualified protein content, acquiring a comprehensive content difference value delta A, wherein the delta A is r x delta alpha + t x delta beta, wherein r represents a fat content difference coefficient, and t represents a protein content difference coefficient;
if the integrated content difference Δ a is within the integrated content first difference interval a1, the receiving transducer 33 is adjusted to make the received ultrasonic signal have the first ultrasonic signal size C1, if the integrated content difference Δ a is within the integrated content second difference interval a2, the receiving transducer 33 is adjusted to make the received ultrasonic signal have the second ultrasonic signal size C2, if the integrated content difference Δ a is within the integrated content third difference interval A3, the receiving transducer 33 is adjusted to make the received ultrasonic signal have the third ultrasonic signal size C3, and if the integrated content difference Δ a is within the integrated content fourth difference interval a4, the receiving transducer 33 is adjusted to make the received ultrasonic signal have the fourth ultrasonic signal size C4.
Specifically, the central control module is further provided with a preset cooling process comprehensive content difference value L and a preset reheating process comprehensive content difference value J, and is used for calculating a comprehensive evaluation value g, and the calculation formula is as follows:
Figure BDA0002798145350000151
the central control module is also provided with a preset comprehensive evaluation value g 0;
if the comprehensive evaluation value g is less than or equal to a preset comprehensive evaluation value g0, the quality of the milk subjected to sampling detection corresponding to the milk sample is qualified and can be put into the market;
if the comprehensive evaluation value g is larger than the preset comprehensive evaluation value g0, the quality of the milk subjected to sampling detection corresponding to the milk sample is unqualified, and the milk cannot be put into the market.
According to the embodiment of the invention, the comprehensive evaluation value is compared with the preset comprehensive evaluation value, so that whether the quality of the milk subjected to sampling detection corresponding to the milk sample is qualified or not is judged, and whether the milk can be put into the market or not is determined.
Specifically, the central control module is further provided with a preset non-core temperature interval matrix Hb (Hb1, Hb2), wherein Hb1 represents a preset non-core first temperature interval, Hb2 represents a preset non-core second temperature interval, and the numerical ranges of the intervals are not overlapped;
if the minimum value Zmin of the qualified content of the preset fat is not more than the maximum value Zmax of the qualified content of the preset fat, and the minimum value Dmin of the qualified content of the preset protein is not more than the maximum value Dmax of the qualified content of the preset protein, acquiring a real-time temperature h at the moment, if the real-time temperature h is within a preset non-core first temperature interval Hb1, adjusting the first control valve 13 to enable the milk sample to flow into the lactose detection kit 41 to detect the lactose content of the milk sample, and if the real-time temperature h is within a preset non-core second temperature interval Hb2, adjusting the second control valve 14 to enable the milk sample to flow into the non-fat milk solid analyzer 42 to detect the non-fat milk solid content of the milk sample.
The embodiment of the invention can detect the lactose content of the milk sample by adjusting the first control valve 13 and detect the non-fat milk solid content of the milk sample by adjusting the second control valve 14, thereby judging the economic value of the milk.
Specifically, the device comprises a sample cell 1 to be detected, a temperature control valve 11 and a temperature sensor 12, wherein the temperature control valve 11 is arranged above the sample cell 1 to be detected, the temperature sensor 12 is arranged on the side surface of the sample cell 1 to be detected, the sample cell 1 to be detected is used for placing a milk sample to be detected, the temperature control valve 11 is used for adjusting the temperature, and the temperature sensor 12 is used for detecting and transmitting the temperature of the milk sample;
the detection module 2 is concave and is arranged below the sample pool 1 to be detected, two upper ends of the concave are flush with the upper end of the sample pool to be detected, one of which is connected with the transmitting transducer 31, the other is connected with the receiving transducer 33 and the ultrasonic circuit amplifier in turn, the detection module 2 is used for detecting a milk sample, the transmitting transducer 31 is used for converting a high-frequency electronic pulse signal into an ultrasonic signal and transmitting the ultrasonic signal to one end of the side surface of the sample cell 1 to be detected and transversely penetrating the milk sample in the sample cell to be detected so as to scan the milk sample, the receiving transducer 33 is used for converting the received ultrasonic signals into high-frequency electronic pulse signals and transmitting the high-frequency electronic pulse signals to the detection module 2 so as to detect the milk sample, the ultrasonic circuit amplifier is used for amplifying the ultrasonic signals of the scanned milk sample;
the lactose detection kit 41 is arranged below the first control valve 13, the first control valve 13 is arranged on one side of the lower end of the sample pool to be detected, and the first control valve 13 is used for controlling a milk sample to enter the lactose detection kit 41 so as to detect the lactose content of the milk sample;
a milk non-fat solids analyzer 42, the milk non-fat solids analyzer is disposed below a second control valve 14, the second control valve 14 is disposed at one side of the lower end of the sample pool to be tested and is arranged symmetrically with the first control valve 13, and the second control valve 14 is used for controlling the milk sample to enter the milk non-fat solids analyzer 42 so as to detect the milk non-fat solids content of the milk sample.
In the embodiment of the invention, after a milk sample is put into a sample pool 1 to be detected, a temperature control valve 11 adjusts the temperature of the milk sample, a temperature sensor 12 measures the temperature of the milk sample in real time and synchronously transmits the temperature measured in real time to a detection module 2, when the temperature of the detection module 2 reaches a target temperature, a transmitting transducer 31 converts a high-frequency electronic pulse signal into an ultrasonic signal, the ultrasonic signal is transmitted to one end of the side surface of the sample pool 1 to be detected and transversely passes through the milk sample to scan the milk sample, the ultrasonic signal of the scanned milk sample is amplified by an ultrasonic circuit amplifier 32 and then received by a receiving transducer 33, the receiving transducer 33 converts the received ultrasonic signal into a high-frequency electronic pulse signal and transmits the high-frequency electronic pulse signal to the detection module 2 to detect the fat content or the protein content of the milk sample, in the detection process, the transmitting transducer 31, the ultrasonic circuit amplifier 32 or the receiving transducer 33 are adjusted as required to improve the detection precision, so that the influence of temperature on the milk quality detection can be reduced by ultrasonic fast scanning without temperature difference, and the milk quality ultrasonic detection precision is improved.
Specifically, a fat content detector and a protein content detector are arranged in the detection module 2, the fat content detector is used for detecting the fat content of the milk sample, and the protein content detector is used for detecting the protein content of the milk sample.
Specifically, still include printer 52 and display screen 51, printer 52 with display screen 51 is connected, printer 52 is used for printing the detection report that the testing result of milk sample formed, display screen 51 is used for the testing result of real-time display milk sample. Therefore, the detection process can be conveniently observed, regulated and controlled.
So far, the technical solutions of the present invention have been described in connection with the preferred embodiments shown in the drawings, but it is easily understood by those skilled in the art that the scope of the present invention is obviously not limited to these specific embodiments. Equivalent changes or substitutions of related technical features can be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the principle of the invention, and the technical scheme after the changes or substitutions can fall into the protection scope of the invention.
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention; various modifications and alterations to this invention will become apparent to those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, or improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (6)

1. A method for improving the ultrasonic detection precision of milk quality is characterized by comprising the following steps:
step one, placing a sampled milk sample needing to be detected into a sample pool to be detected of a detection instrument, adjusting a temperature control valve, and heating the milk sample, wherein the heating temperature range is 35-45 ℃;
step two, in the heating process of the step one, measuring the real-time temperature of the milk sample by using a temperature sensor, the real-time temperature is synchronously transmitted to a detection module, the real-time temperature is compared with parameters in a preset core temperature matrix Ha, if the real-time temperature meets preset conditions, a pulse signal transmitting module converts a high-frequency electronic pulse signal into an ultrasonic signal through a transmitting transducer, the ultrasonic signal is transmitted to a milk sample at one end of the side face of the sample pool to be detected and transversely passes through the milk sample to scan the milk sample, the ultrasonic signal which passes through the milk sample after being scanned is amplified by an ultrasonic circuit amplifier and then received by a receiving transducer, and the receiving transducer converts the received ultrasonic signal into a high-frequency electronic pulse signal and transmits the high-frequency electronic pulse signal to a fat detector or a protein detector in the detection module to detect the fat content or the protein content of the milk sample;
step three, comparing the fat content and the protein content detected in the step two with the parameters in the interval of a preset fat content qualification matrix Z0 or a preset protein qualification content matrix D0, if any content does not meet the preset conditions, adjusting the temperature control valve, cooling the milk sample, wherein the minimum cooling temperature is 35 ℃, repeating the detection process in the step two to carry out secondary detection on the fat content or/and the protein content of the milk sample in the cooling process, comparing the fat content detected in the cooling process with the parameters in the preset fat content qualification matrix Z0, comparing the protein content with the parameters in the preset protein qualification content matrix D0, after the comparison is finished, adjusting the temperature control valve, heating the milk sample again, wherein the heating highest temperature is 45 ℃, in the reheating process, repeating the detection process in the second step to detect the fat content or the protein content of the milk sample for three times, comparing the fat content in the reheating process with the parameters in the preset qualified fat content matrix Z0, and comparing the protein content with the parameters in the preset qualified protein content matrix D0;
after the comparison is finished, if any content does not accord with the preset condition, calculating a comprehensive evaluation value, comparing the comprehensive evaluation value with the preset comprehensive evaluation value, if the preset condition is met, the quality of the milk subjected to sampling detection corresponding to the milk sample is qualified and can be put into the market, and if the preset condition is not met, the quality of the milk subjected to sampling detection corresponding to the milk sample is unqualified and cannot be put into the market;
step four, in the step two and the step three, if the fat content and the protein content both meet preset conditions, acquiring the current real-time temperature, matching the real-time temperature with a parameter interval in a preset non-core temperature interval matrix Hb, allowing the milk sample to flow into a lactose detection kit by adjusting a first control valve so as to detect the lactose content of the milk sample, and allowing the milk sample to flow into a non-fat milk solid analyzer by adjusting a second control valve so as to detect the non-fat milk solid content of the milk sample;
fifthly, printing the detection report of the detected fat content, protein content, lactose content and non-fat milk solid content by a printer;
in the third step, when the milk sample in the cooling and reheating processes is detected, only one or two contents which do not meet the preset conditions in the previous detection are detected again;
the detection instrument is connected with a central control module in a wireless mode, the central control module controls the detection process from the second step to the fourth step, and a matrix is arranged in the central control module;
in the cooling and reheating detection process in the third step, if the detection module only judges that the fat content is unqualified, the central control module compares the fat content difference value with the parameters in a preset fat content difference value matrix delta Z0, and detects the fat content again when the real-time temperature reaches the preset temperature for fat content detection after the size of the ultrasonic signal transmitted by the transmitting transducer is adjusted; if the detection module only judges that the protein content is unqualified, the central control module compares the protein content difference with the parameters in a preset protein content difference matrix delta D0, detects the protein content again when the real-time temperature reaches the preset temperature of the protein content detection, and receives the protein content by the receiving transducer after adjusting the amplification power of the ultrasonic circuit amplifier; if the detection module judges that the fat content and the protein content are not qualified, the central control module matches the comprehensive content difference value with a parameter interval in a preset comprehensive content difference value interval matrix A, and transmits the ultrasonic signal to the detection module after adjusting the size of the ultrasonic signal received by the receiving transducer;
the central control module is also provided with a preset cooling process comprehensive content difference L and a preset reheating process comprehensive content difference J for calculating a comprehensive evaluation value g, and the calculation formula is as follows:
Figure 190974DEST_PATH_IMAGE001
；
the central control module is also provided with a preset comprehensive evaluation value g 0;
if the comprehensive evaluation value g is less than or equal to a preset comprehensive evaluation value g0, the quality of the milk subjected to sampling detection corresponding to the milk sample is qualified and can be put into the market;
if the comprehensive evaluation value g is larger than the preset comprehensive evaluation value g0, the quality of the milk subjected to sampling detection corresponding to the milk sample is unqualified, and the milk cannot be put into the market;
wherein r represents a fat content difference coefficient and t represents a protein content difference coefficient.
2. The method for improving the ultrasonic detection accuracy of the milk quality as claimed in claim 1, wherein the central control module is provided with a preset core temperature matrix Ha (Ha1, Ha2), wherein Ha1 represents a first preset temperature, Ha2 represents a second preset temperature, and Ha1 < Ha 2;
the real-time temperature measured by the temperature sensor is h;
if the real-time temperature h = the first preset temperature Ha1, the fat detector converts a high-frequency electronic pulse signal into an ultrasonic signal through the transmitting transducer, transmits the ultrasonic signal to one end of the side surface of the sample pool to be detected and transversely passes through a milk sample in the sample pool to scan the milk sample, the ultrasonic signal of the scanned milk sample is received by the receiving transducer after being amplified by the ultrasonic circuit amplifier, and the receiving transducer converts the received ultrasonic signal into a high-frequency electronic pulse signal and transmits the high-frequency electronic pulse signal to the fat detector to detect the fat content of the milk sample;
if the real-time temperature h = the second preset temperature Ha2, the protein detector converts the high-frequency electronic pulse signal into an ultrasonic signal through the transmitting transducer, transmits the ultrasonic signal to one end of the side surface of the sample pool to be detected and transversely passes through a milk sample in the sample pool to scan the milk sample, the ultrasonic signal of the scanned milk sample is received by the receiving transducer after being amplified by the ultrasonic circuit amplifier, and the receiving transducer converts the received ultrasonic signal into the high-frequency electronic pulse signal and transmits the high-frequency electronic pulse signal to the protein detector to detect the protein content of the milk sample.
3. The method for improving the ultrasonic detection precision of the milk quality according to claim 1, wherein the central control module is further provided with a preset fat content qualification matrix Z0(Zmin, Zmax), wherein Zmin represents the minimum value of the preset fat qualification content, Zmax represents the maximum value of the preset fat qualification content, and Zmin < Zmax;
the central control module is also provided with a preset fat content difference matrix delta Z0 (delta Z01, delta Z02 and delta Z03), wherein delta Z01 represents a first difference value of preset fat content, delta Z02 represents a second difference value of preset fat content, delta Z03 represents a third difference value of preset fat content, and delta Z01 is less than delta Z02 and less than delta Z03;
the central control module is further provided with a preset ultrasonic signal size matrix C (C1, C2, C3 and C4), wherein C1 represents a first size of an ultrasonic signal, C2 represents a second size of the ultrasonic signal, C3 represents a third size of the ultrasonic signal, and C4 represents a fourth size of the ultrasonic signal;
the fat content detected by the fat detector is alpha, and is used for calculating a fat content difference value delta alpha, and the calculation formula is as follows:
Figure 170300DEST_PATH_IMAGE002
；
if the fat content alpha is less than the minimum value Zmin of the preset qualified fat content or more than the maximum value Zmax of the preset qualified fat content, acquiring a fat content difference delta alpha, if the fat content difference delta alpha is less than the first difference delta Z01 of the preset fat content, adjusting the transmitting transducer to enable the size of the transmitted ultrasonic signal to be the first size C1 of the ultrasonic signal, if the first difference delta Z01 of the preset fat content is less than or equal to the second difference delta Z02 of the fat content, adjusting the transmitting transducer to enable the size of the transmitted ultrasonic signal to be the second size C2 of the ultrasonic signal, if the second difference delta Z02 of the preset fat content is less than or equal to the third difference delta Z03 of the fat content difference delta alpha less than the third difference delta Z3683 of the preset fat content, adjusting the transmitting transducer to enable the size of the transmitted ultrasonic signal to be the third size C3 of the ultrasonic signal, if the difference delta alpha of the fat content is more than or equal to the third difference Z03 of the preset fat content, the transmitting transducer is adjusted to transmit an ultrasonic signal having a magnitude of the ultrasonic signal of the fourth magnitude C4.
4. The method for improving the ultrasonic detection precision of the milk quality according to claim 1, wherein the central control module is further provided with a preset protein qualified content matrix D0(Dmin, Dmax), wherein the Dmin represents the minimum value of the preset protein qualified content, the Dmax represents the maximum value of the preset protein qualified content, and the Dmin is less than the Dmax;
the central control module is further provided with a preset protein content difference matrix delta D0 (delta D01, delta D02 and delta D03), wherein delta D01 represents a first difference value of the preset protein content, delta D02 represents a second difference value of the preset protein content, delta D03 represents a third difference value of the preset protein content, and delta D01 < deltaD 02 < deltaD 03;
the central control module is further provided with an amplification power matrix F (F1, F2, F3 and F4) of a preset ultrasonic amplifier, wherein F1 represents a first amplification power of the preset ultrasonic amplifier, F2 represents a second amplification power of the preset ultrasonic amplifier, F3 represents a third amplification power of the preset ultrasonic amplifier, and F4 represents a fourth amplification power of the preset ultrasonic amplifier;
the protein content detected by the protein detector is beta, and the calculation formula is as follows for calculating the protein content difference delta beta:
Figure 370337DEST_PATH_IMAGE003
；
if the protein content beta is less than the minimum value Dmin of the preset protein qualified content or greater than the maximum value Dmax of the preset protein qualified content, acquiring a protein content difference value delta beta, if the protein content difference value delta beta is less than the first difference value delta D01 of the preset protein content, adjusting the amplification power of the ultrasonic circuit amplifier to enable the amplification power to be the first amplification power F1 of the preset ultrasonic amplifier, if the first difference value delta D01 of the preset protein content is less than or equal to the protein content difference value delta beta < the second difference value delta D02 of the preset protein content, adjusting the amplification power of the ultrasonic circuit amplifier to enable the amplification power to be the second amplification power F2 of the preset ultrasonic amplifier, if the second difference value delta D02 of the preset protein content is less than or equal to the protein content difference value delta beta < the third difference value delta D03 of the preset protein content, adjusting the amplification power of the ultrasonic circuit amplifier to enable the third amplification power F3 of the preset ultrasonic amplifier, and if the protein content difference delta beta is larger than or equal to the preset third protein content difference delta D03, adjusting the amplification power of the ultrasonic circuit amplifier to be the preset fourth amplification power F4 of the ultrasonic amplifier.
5. The method for improving the ultrasonic detection precision of the milk quality according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the central control module is further provided with a preset comprehensive content difference interval matrix A (A1, A2, A3, A4), wherein A1 represents a comprehensive content first difference interval, A2 represents a comprehensive content second difference interval, A3 represents a comprehensive content third difference interval, A4 represents a comprehensive content fourth difference interval, and the numerical ranges of the intervals are not overlapped;
if the fat content alpha is smaller than the minimum value Zmin of the qualified content of the preset fat or larger than the maximum value Zmax of the qualified content of the preset fat, and the protein content beta is smaller than the minimum value Dmin of the qualified content of the preset protein or larger than the maximum value Dmax of the qualified content of the preset protein, acquiring a comprehensive content difference value delta A, wherein delta A = r x delta alpha + t x delta beta, wherein r represents a fat content difference coefficient, and t represents a protein content difference coefficient;
if the comprehensive content difference value delta A is in the range of a comprehensive content first difference value interval A1, the receiving transducer is adjusted to enable the size of the received ultrasonic signal to be the first size C1 of the ultrasonic signal, if the comprehensive content difference value delta A is in the range of a comprehensive content second difference value interval A2, the receiving transducer is adjusted to enable the size of the received ultrasonic signal to be the second size C2 of the ultrasonic signal, if the comprehensive content difference value delta A is in the range of a comprehensive content third difference value interval A3, the receiving transducer is adjusted to enable the size of the received ultrasonic signal to be the third size C3 of the ultrasonic signal, and if the comprehensive content difference value delta A is in the range of a comprehensive content fourth difference value interval A4, the receiving transducer is adjusted to enable the size of the received ultrasonic signal to be the fourth size C4 of the ultrasonic signal.
6. The method for improving the ultrasonic detection precision of the milk quality according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the central control module is further provided with a preset non-core temperature interval matrix Hb (Hb1, Hb2), wherein Hb1 represents a preset non-core first temperature interval, Hb2 represents a preset non-core second temperature interval, and numerical ranges of the intervals are not overlapped;
if the minimum value Zmin of the qualified content of the preset fat is not more than the maximum value Zmax of the qualified content of the preset fat, and the minimum value Dmin of the qualified content of the preset protein is not more than the maximum value Dmax of the qualified content of the preset protein, acquiring the real-time temperature h at the moment, if the real-time temperature h is within a preset non-core first temperature interval Hb1, adjusting a first control valve to enable the milk sample to flow into the lactose detection kit to detect the lactose content of the milk sample, and if the real-time temperature h is within a preset non-core second temperature interval Hb2, adjusting a second control valve to enable the milk sample to flow into a non-fat milk solid analyzer to detect the non-fat milk solid content of the milk sample.
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