CN112304887A - Nutrient solution concentration rapid detection device and method based on narrow-band LED - Google Patents
Nutrient solution concentration rapid detection device and method based on narrow-band LED Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
A nutrient solution concentration rapid detection device based on a narrow-band LED comprises a main body frame, a shell, a flow cell, a light source and driving module, a spectrum detection module, a liquid conveying module, an operation control module, a core processing module, a power supply module and a human-computer interaction module. Different narrow-band LED light sources in the light source respectively emit ultraviolet, visible and near-infrared light, the irradiation is carried to the nutrient solution to be detected in the flow cell after the color development treatment, the spectrum detection module receives a transmission light signal, converts the transmission light signal into a digital signal and transmits the digital signal to the operation control module, the operation control module transmits calculated data to the core processing module, the core processing module calls a model to calculate the concentration of each component in the nutrient solution and feeds the concentration back to a user through a display, the power supply module supplies power for equipment, and the modules are all arranged on the main body frame. The method can be used for detecting macroelement ions in a common nutrient solution formula in facility agriculture.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of intelligent agricultural equipment, relates to nutrient solution concentration detection equipment, and particularly relates to nutrient solution concentration rapid detection equipment and method based on a narrow-band LED.
Background
With the continuous development of facility agriculture, the use of the nutrient solution is increasingly wide, and meanwhile, the development of the nutrient solution concentration accurate detection and real-time control technology is promoted. The nutrient solution in the production pipeline is subjected to component detection, so that the absorption amount of the crops to different nutrient components can be mastered, the requirements of the crops on different nutrients can be known, and the nutrients can be supplied as required. Therefore, the growth of plants can be promoted, the utilization rate of nutrient components can be improved, the cyclic utilization of nutrient solution can be promoted, the discharge of the waste liquid of the nutrient solution can be reduced, the utilization rate of resources can be improved, and the waste can be reduced.
However, how to rapidly detect the effective components in the nutrient solution is a key problem to be solved urgently. The traditional laboratory detection methods such as analytical chemical titration, chromatography and the like are time-consuming and labor-consuming, are expensive and cannot be detected in real time.
At present, in the aspect of detecting the components of the nutrient solution in production, ion selection electrodes are mainly used, partial ions in the nutrient solution are measured by combining the pH value and EC value of the nutrient solution, and the contents of the components of the nutrient solution are detected by a soft measurement method such as estimating the other partial ions. The ion species detected by the ion selective electrode method are limited, and in the detection process, partial ions in the nutrient solution are attached to the electrode, so that the detection precision of the ion selective electrode is reduced, and the measurement precision of the whole detection system is influenced. Therefore, the ion selective electrode has a problem of slow detection speed in the actual detection process, and mostly mainly detects anions and heavy metal ions, and related detection of metal cations widely existing in a living body involves less, and a macroelement ion detection device applied to production and life is not available. Therefore, it is necessary to develop a device for rapidly detecting the concentration of a nutrient solution with low cost, high detection speed and high automation degree.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to overcome the defects of the prior art, the invention aims to provide a nutrient solution concentration rapid detection device and method based on a narrow-band LED, so as to realize relatively accurate detection rapidly and at low cost, and can be used for detecting macroelement ions, namely nitrate ions (NO), in a common nutrient solution formula in facility agriculture3 -) Ammonium ion (NH)4 +) Calcium ion (Ca)2+) Magnesium ion (Mg)2+) Potassium ion (K)+) And total phosphorus content.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the technical scheme that:
the utility model provides a nutrient solution concentration short-term test equipment based on narrow-band LED which characterized in that includes:
the light source and the driving module, wherein the light source is a plurality of narrow-band LED light sources which respectively emit ultraviolet light, visible light and near infrared light, and the driving module is connected with each narrow-band LED light source to drive the narrow-band LED light sources to emit light;
the flow cell bears the nutrient solution to be detected after the color development treatment, is arranged on an irradiation light path of the light source, and can pass 190nm-2500nm light;
a spectrum detection module for receiving the transmitted light signal passing through the flow cell;
the analog-to-digital conversion chip is connected with the spectrum detection module and converts the transmission light signal into a digital signal;
the operation control module is connected with the analog-to-digital conversion chip and used for calculating the multispectral absorbance of the nutrient solution to be measured;
the core processing module is used for calculating the concentration of each component of the nutrient solution to be measured by adopting a partial least squares regression algorithm, and the calculation formula is as follows: y ═ K · a + c, where Y is the output value, i.e. the concentration of each component, K is the coefficient, and c is a constant term; k and c are obtained by configuring mixed solution samples with different proportions and different gradients of the standard solutions of all components and calculating the concentration value according to the transmission spectrum absorbance and the calculated concentration value of the mixed solution sample by using a partial least squares regression algorithm;
the human-computer interaction module is connected with the core processing module and displays a calculation result;
and the power supply module is connected with each power utilization module to supply power to the power utilization modules.
The flow cell is connected with the reagent bottle through the liquid conveying module, and the flow cell, the light source and driving module, the spectrum detection module and the liquid conveying module are all fixed on the main body frame and are convenient to install; the operation control module, the core processing module, the power supply module and the human-computer interaction module are all fixed on the shell of the main body framework, so that the operation, debugging and checking of detection results by a user are facilitated.
The light source and driving module, the spectrum detection module and the liquid conveying module are connected with the operation control module through cables, and the operation control module is connected with the core processing module through cables; the operation control module and the core processing module are connected with the power supply module through cables; the power module is connected with 220V commercial power or 380V industrial electricity through a cable to supply power for equipment.
The nutrient solution to be detected comprises the following components: nitrate ion (NO)3 -) Ammonium ion (NH)4 +) Calcium ion (Ca)2+) Magnesium ion (Mg)2+) Potassium ion (K)+) And total phosphorus content.
The invention also provides a detection method of the nutrient solution concentration rapid detection equipment based on the narrow-band LED, which comprises the following steps:
(1) starting up and powering up the equipment: completing equipment initialization;
(2) starting self-cleaning: the equipment conveying pipeline pumps deionized water from the water tank to clean the pipeline and the flow cell;
(3) carrying out color development treatment on the nutrient solution to be detected: conveying the nutrient solution to be detected to each reaction generator by a conveying pipeline, respectively adding corresponding color developing agent and masking agent, and reacting for a period of time;
(4) setting a reference spectrum: when the flow cell is cleaned and filled with deionized water, the narrow-band LED light sources are extinguished, and dark references are collected and setIdSequentially lighting each narrow-band LED light source, collecting and setting white reference Iw；
(5) Collecting the transmission spectrum of the nutrient solution to be measured: delivering the nutrient solution to be tested after color development treatment into a flow cell, and collecting a transmission spectrum I irradiated by an LED light source with a corresponding wavebandRCalculating the multispectral absorbance A of the nutrient solution to be detected,
the wavelength range of the multispectral absorbance A is 220nm-1750 nm;
(6) calculating the concentration of each component in the nutrient solution by adopting a partial least squares regression algorithm:
Y＝K·A+c
(7) and displaying the detection result.
The method for determining the coefficient K and the constant term c comprises the following steps:
a. data acquisition: preparing standard solutions of all components, mixing the standard solutions according to different proportions and different gradients, taking more than 100 mixed solution samples, and collecting the absorbance of the transmission spectrum of the mixed solution samples by using the narrow-band LED-based nutrient solution concentration rapid detection equipment;
b. determining the coefficient K and the constant term c: and (3) calculating a number K and a constant term c by using a partial least squares regression algorithm by taking the transmission spectrum absorbance of the mixed liquid sample and the calculated concentration value of the prepared liquid as input quantities.
The nutrient solution to be measured contains nitrate ions (NO)3 -) Ammonium ion (NH)4 +) Calcium ion (Ca)2+) Magnesium ion (Mg)2+) Potassium ion (K)+) And total phosphorus content.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
a. the invention adopts the narrow-band LED light source and the photoelectric sensor to collect the transmission spectrum of the nutrient solution, and has low cost and high detection speed.
b. The invention can be directly installed in the production environment of facility agriculture for use, namely, the detection of macroelement components in the nutrient solution can be completed, and the detection has higher precision and speed.
c. The invention has the advantages of simple structure and strong adaptability, can greatly improve the intelligent degree of the concentration detection of the nutrient solution, improves the utilization rate of the nutrient solution and reduces the resource waste. Meanwhile, the research on the nutrient demand in the crop growth process is greatly facilitated.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a system schematic diagram of the nutrient solution concentration rapid detection device based on the narrow-band LED.
FIG. 2 is a mechanical structure diagram of the nutrient solution concentration rapid detection device based on the narrow-band LED.
FIG. 3 is a mechanical structure diagram of a spectrum acquisition part of the nutrient solution concentration rapid detection device based on the narrow-band LED.
FIG. 4 is an exploded view of a part of a flow cell of the nutrient solution concentration rapid detection device based on the narrow-band LED.
FIG. 5 is a main interface of the detection process of the nutrient solution concentration detection software of the present invention.
FIG. 6 is a main interface of the detection result of the nutrient solution concentration detection software of the present invention.
Reference numerals: 1. a reagent bottle; 2. an LCD display screen; 3. an equipment control box; 4. an electromagnetic valve; 5. a main body frame; 6. a main body frame; 7. a hose; 8. a water tank; 9. a waste liquid barrel; 10. a self-priming pump; 11. a gas-liquid separator; 12. a reaction generator; 13. a drain valve; 14. a peristaltic pump; 15. narrow-band LED lamp beads; 16. A flow-through cell; 17. a photosensor; 18. a motor; 19. a light source converter; 1601. an optical flow cell; 1602. a flow cell housing A; 1603. a flow cell housing B; 1604. and a liquid injection hopper.
Detailed Description
The embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the drawings and examples.
As shown in figure 1, the invention relates to a nutrient solution concentration rapid detection device based on a narrow-band LED, which comprises:
the LED lamp comprises a light source and a driving module, wherein the light source is 6 narrow-band LED lamp beads which respectively emit ultraviolet light, visible light and near infrared light, the driving module is connected with each narrow-band LED light source to drive the narrow-band LED light sources to emit light, the narrow-band LED light sources can adopt lamp beads which are distributed in an annular array, the central wavelengths of the 6 wave band LED lamp beads are 220, 275, 400, 530, 700 and 1720nm, and the full width at half maximum (FWHM) is about 20 nm;
the flow cell is connected with the reagent bottle through the liquid conveying module, bears the nutrient solution to be detected after color development treatment, is arranged on an irradiation light path of the light source and can pass light of 190nm-2500 nm;
the spectrum detection module takes two photoelectric sensors as cores and receives transmission light signals passing through the flow cell, one of the two photoelectric sensors is a Si photodiode, the spectrum response range is 200-1800 nm, and the other one is an InGaAs photodiode;
the analog-to-digital conversion chip is connected with the spectrum detection module and converts the transmission light signal into a digital signal;
the operation control module can be connected with the analog-to-digital conversion chip based on an STM32 singlechip and used for calculating the multispectral absorbance of the nutrient solution to be detected;
the core processing module can calculate the concentration of each component of the nutrient solution to be measured by adopting a partial least square regression algorithm based on the raspberry for four generations;
the human-computer interaction module is connected with the core processing module and displays a calculation result;
and the power supply module is connected with each power utilization module to supply power to the power utilization modules.
In the mechanical structure, the invention adopts a main body frame comprising a shell, and the flow cell, the light source and driving module, the spectrum detection module and the liquid conveying module are all fixed on the main body frame, so that the installation is convenient; the operation control module, the core processing module, the power supply module and the human-computer interaction module are all fixed on the shell of the main body framework, so that the operation, debugging and checking of detection results by a user are facilitated. In physical connection, the light source and driving module, the spectrum detection module and the liquid conveying module are connected with the operation control module through cables, and the operation control module is connected with the core processing module through cables; the operation control module and the core processing module are connected with the power supply module through cables, and the power supply module is connected with 220V commercial power or 380V industrial electricity through cables to supply power for equipment.
Fig. 2 shows a specific mechanical structure implementing embodiment of the device of the present invention, in which the length, width and height of the device are respectively no more than 500mm, 500mm and 1400 mm. The device comprises a reagent bottle 1, an LCD display screen 2, an equipment control box 3, an electromagnetic valve 4, a shell 5, a main body frame 6, a hose 7, a water tank 8, a waste liquid barrel 9, a self-sucking pump 10, a gas-liquid separator 11, a reaction generator 12, a discharge valve 13, a peristaltic pump 14, a narrow-band LED light source 15, a flow cell 16, a photoelectric sensor 17, a motor 18, a light source converter 19 and the like.
Specifically, the main body frame 6 is a multi-layer frame structure, the housing 5 is a shell outside the multi-layer frame structure, and a black shading curtain is pasted inside the housing 5 to reduce external light interference. Reagent bottle 1 installs the top at multilayer frame construction, LCD display screen 2 installs the lateral surface at shell 5, junction device control box 3, power module, operation control module and core processing module set up in device control box 3, operation control module adopts STM32F103VET6 singlechip, core processing module adopts raspberry group 4B +, operation control module passes through the cable and links to each other with core processing module, operation control module, core processing module passes through the cable and links to each other with power module, power module passes through the cable and links to each other with 220V commercial power or 380V industrial electricity, for the equipment power supply.
The LCD display screen 2, the electromagnetic valve 4, the self-priming pump 10, the exhaust valve 13, the peristaltic pump 14, the narrow-band LED light source 15, the motor 18 and the photoelectric sensor 19 are connected with the operation control module through cables.
The reagent bottle 1 is connected with a reaction generator 12 through a pipeline with a peristaltic pump 14 and a discharge valve 13, the outlet of the reaction generator 12 is connected with a flow cell 16 through a pipeline with a solenoid valve 4, a narrow-band LED light source 15 is arranged right opposite to the flow cell 16, the narrow-band LED light source 15 is an annular array light source, light sources capable of respectively emitting ultraviolet light, visible light and near infrared light are positioned on different circumferences, a motor 18 is used for controlling the annular array light source to rotate, so that light with different wavelengths irradiates one side of the flow cell 16, the light source converter 19 can also be used for controlling the emission of the ultraviolet light, the visible light and the near infrared light according to requirements, a photoelectric sensor 17 is arranged on the other side of the flow cell 16, namely one.
Preferably, the number of the reagent bottles 1 is 10, the number of the electromagnetic valves 4 is 6, the number of the reaction generators 12 is 6, the number of the peristaltic pumps 14 is 13,
waste liquid bucket 9 and water tank 8 set up at multilayer frame construction's bottom, and water tank 8 passes through hose 7 and connects vapour and liquid separator 11, and the liquid outlet of vapour and liquid separator 11 is through the pipe connection waste liquid bucket 9 reaction generator 12 that has self priming pump 10. The gas-liquid separator 11 is used for removing gas dissolved in the nutrient solution after the nutrient solution to be measured is kept still for a period of time, preventing bubbles from entering the liquid conveying pipeline and the peristaltic pump and avoiding the influence of the gas on the liquid conveying precision.
Fig. 3 shows a light source module and a photosensor module in the present embodiment. The flow cell 16 is made of quartz, has an optical path of 10mm, and can pass light of 190nm-2500 nm. As shown in fig. 4, black nylon shells 1602, 1603 and an injection hopper 1604 printed in 3D are arranged outside the optical flow cell 1601, so that the flow cell 16 can be protected while external light interference is reduced.
Preferably, the device in this embodiment has an operating power of 60W and has a low power consumption.
The invention also provides a detection method of the nutrient solution concentration rapid detection equipment based on the narrow-band LED, which can automatically measure the absorbance of the transmission spectrum of the nutrient solution to be detected after color development treatment and calculate the concentration content of the given ions. Narrow-band LED light sources of different wave bands in the light source module are sequentially lightened, ultraviolet light, visible light and near-infrared light are respectively emitted, light emitted by the lamp beads is approximately parallel light and is emitted into the flow cell, the nutrient solution to be detected after color development processing is irradiated, the spectrum detection module receives a transmission light signal and converts the transmission light signal into an electric signal, the analog-to-digital conversion chip converts the transmission light signal into a digital signal and transmits the digital signal to the operation control module, the operation control module transmits the operated data to the core processing module through a serial port, the core processing module calls the ion concentration prediction model, the concentration of each component in the nutrient solution to be detected is calculated, and the concentration of each component is fed back to a user through a display.
The method comprises the following specific steps:
(1) starting up and powering up the equipment: completing equipment initialization;
(2) starting self-cleaning: the equipment conveying pipeline pumps deionized water from the water tank to clean the pipeline and the flow cell;
(3) carrying out color development treatment on the nutrient solution to be detected: conveying the nutrient solution to be detected to each reaction generator by a conveying pipeline, respectively adding corresponding color developing agent and masking agent, and reacting for a period of time; the color developing agents used were: acid chrome blue K, a calcium indicator, ammonium vanadium molybdate, sodium hypochlorite, salicylic acid, 18-crown-6 and sodium nitroprusside; the masking agents used were: triethanolamine, phenanthroline and ammonia water.
(4) Setting a reference spectrum: when the flow cell is cleaned and filled with deionized water, the narrow-band LED light sources are extinguished, and the dark reference I is collected and setdSequentially lighting each narrow-band LED light source, collecting and setting white reference Iw；
(5) Collecting the transmission spectrum of the nutrient solution to be measured: delivering the nutrient solution to be tested after color development treatment into a flow cell, and collecting a transmission spectrum I irradiated by an LED light source with a corresponding wavebandRCalculating the multispectral absorbance A of the nutrient solution to be detected,
the wavelength range of the multispectral absorbance A is 220nm-1750 nm;
(6) the concentration of each component in the nutrient solution is calculated by adopting a partial least squares regression algorithm, and the method comprises the following steps: nitrate ion (NO)3 -) Ammonium ion (NH)4 +) Calcium ion (Ca)2+) Magnesium ion (Mg)2+) Potassium ion (K)+) And total phosphorus content. The calculation formula is as follows:
Y＝K·A+c
wherein Y is the output value of the algorithm, namely the concentration of each ion, K is a coefficient, A is the multispectral absorbance of the nutrient solution to be measured, c is a constant term, and the determination method of the coefficient K and the constant term c comprises the following steps:
a. data acquisition: preparing standard solutions of all components, mixing the standard solutions according to different proportions and different gradients, taking more than 100 mixed solution samples, and collecting the absorbance of the transmission spectrum of the mixed solution samples by using the narrow-band LED-based nutrient solution concentration rapid detection equipment;
b. determining the coefficient K and the constant term c: and (3) calculating a number K and a constant term c by using a partial least squares regression algorithm by taking the transmission spectrum absorbance of the mixed liquid sample and the calculated concentration value of the prepared liquid as input quantities.
The nutrient solution to be measured contains nitrate ions (NO)3 -) Ammonium ion (NH)4 +) Calcium ion (Ca)2+) Magnesium ion (Mg)2+) Potassium ion (K)+) And total phosphorus content.
(7) And displaying the detection result.
The detection principle of the invention is Lambert-beer law, when a beam of parallel monochromatic light passes through a uniform solution, part of the light is reflected back by a sample chamber, part of the light is absorbed by the solution, and part of the light is transmitted through the solution under the normal condition, spectrophotometry measures the transmitted light intensity, the change of the transmitted light intensity is related to the concentration c of the solution and the transmission thickness L, and the mathematical expression is as follows:
in the formula (I), the compound is shown in the specification,
absorbance, denoted by A, K is a proportionality constant that is dependent only on the wavelength of the incident light and the nature of the substance, and is independent of other parameters.
Nitrate ions absorb at 220nm wavelength of ultraviolet light, and dissolved organics also absorb at 220nm wavelength, while nitrate does not absorb at 275 nm. Therefore, one measurement was made at 275nm to correct for the effect of organics on nitrate determination. The nitrate content was fitted with Δ a ═ a220-a275, and the nitrate ion content was measured. The lowest detected concentration of nitrate measured by the method is 0.2mg/L, and the measuring range is 0.4-10 mg/L.
Under the acidic condition, phosphorus and ammonium vanadium molybdate generate yellow vanadium molybdenum yellow complex. And (3) measuring the absorbance value of vanadium-molybdenum yellow in the sample solution at the wavelength of 400nm, wherein the absorbance value of vanadium-molybdenum yellow is in direct proportion to the concentration of total phosphorus. The lowest detected concentration of the total phosphorus content measured by the method is 0.05mg/L, and the measuring range is 0.1-0.75mg/L.
In alkaline medium, ammonium ion reacts with hypochlorite and salicylic acid to generate a stable blue compound, which can be measured photometrically at 700nm wavelength. The coexisting ions in the sample did not interfere with the determination of the ammonium salt. The lowest detected ammonium ion concentration of the method is 0.01mg/L, and the measuring range is 0.02-1.2 mg/L.
Under alkaline buffer conditions (pH > 9), calcium indicators form soluble wine-red complexes with calcium ions, whereas there is no reaction with magnesium ions. The acidic chrome blue K solution can simultaneously generate color reaction with calcium ions and magnesium ions to generate soluble wine red complex. The method can be used for photometric determination at the wavelength of 530nm, and can measure that the content of calcium ions is 0-2.4 mg/L and the content of magnesium ions is 0-1.3 mg/L.
18-crown ether-6 can form a complex with certain stability with potassium ions through the action of dipole ions, and the detection range of the potassium ions is 0.0406-0.8628g/L after near infrared spectrum analysis at 1720 nm.
Fig. 5 is a main interface of the detection process of the nutrient solution concentration detection software of the invention, which can display the progress of detecting the concentration of each component in the nutrient solution to be detected.
Fig. 6 is a main interface of the detection result of the nutrient solution concentration detection software of the present invention, which can display the detected concentration of each component in the nutrient solution to be detected.
The present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiments, which are intended to be illustrative only and not limiting; those skilled in the art, having the benefit of this disclosure, may effect numerous modifications thereto without departing from the scope and spirit of the invention as set forth in the claims that follow.
Claims (9)
1. The utility model provides a nutrient solution concentration short-term test equipment based on narrow-band LED which characterized in that includes:
the light source and the driving module, wherein the light source is a plurality of narrow-band LED light sources which respectively emit ultraviolet light, visible light and near infrared light, and the driving module is connected with each narrow-band LED light source to drive the narrow-band LED light sources to emit light;
the flow cell bears the nutrient solution to be detected after the color development treatment, is arranged on an irradiation light path of the light source, and can pass 190nm-2500nm light;
a spectrum detection module for receiving the transmitted light signal passing through the flow cell;
the analog-to-digital conversion chip is connected with the spectrum detection module and converts the transmission light signal into a digital signal;
the operation control module is connected with the analog-to-digital conversion chip and used for calculating the multispectral absorbance A of the nutrient solution to be detected;
the core processing module is used for calculating the concentration of each component of the nutrient solution to be measured by adopting a partial least squares regression algorithm, and the calculation formula is as follows: y ═ K · a + c, where Y is the output value, i.e. the concentration of each component, K is the coefficient, and c is a constant term; k and c are obtained by configuring mixed solution samples with different proportions and different gradients of the standard solutions of all components and calculating the concentration value according to the transmission spectrum absorbance and the calculated concentration value of the mixed solution sample by using a partial least squares regression algorithm;
the human-computer interaction module is connected with the core processing module and displays a calculation result;
and the power supply module is connected with each power utilization module to supply power to the power utilization modules.
2. The narrow-band LED-based nutrient solution concentration rapid detection device according to claim 1, wherein the flow cell is connected with the reagent bottle through a liquid delivery module, and the flow cell, the light source and driving module, the spectrum detection module and the liquid delivery module are all fixed on the main body frame for convenient installation; the operation control module, the core processing module, the power supply module and the human-computer interaction module are all fixed on a shell of the main body frame, so that a user can operate, debug and check detection results conveniently; the operation control module and the core processing module are connected with the power supply module through cables; the power module is connected with 220V commercial power or 380V industrial electricity through a cable to supply power for equipment.
3. The apparatus for rapidly detecting concentration of nutrient solution based on narrow-band LED as claimed in claim 1, wherein the light source is 6 narrow-band LED lamp beads which respectively emit ultraviolet light, visible light and near infrared light and are distributed in a ring array, the center wavelength of the 6 waveband LED lamp beads is 220nm, 275nm, 400nm, 530nm, 700nm, 1720nm, and the full width at half maximum (FWHM) is 20 nm.
4. The narrow-band LED-based nutrient solution concentration rapid detection device as claimed in claim 1, wherein the spectrum detection module takes two photoelectric sensors as cores and receives transmission light signals passing through the flow cell, one of the two photoelectric sensors is a Si photodiode, the spectrum response range is 200-1800 nm, and the other is an InGaAs photodiode.
5. The narrow-band LED-based nutrient solution concentration rapid detection device according to claim 1, wherein the nutrient solution to be detected comprises the following components: nitrate ion (NO)3 -) Ammonium ion (NH)4 +) Calcium ion (Ca)2+) Magnesium ion (Mg)2+) Potassium ion (K)+) And total phosphorus content.
6. The detection method of the narrow-band LED-based nutrient solution concentration rapid detection equipment based on the claim 1 is characterized by comprising the following steps:
(1) starting up and powering up the equipment: completing equipment initialization;
(2) starting self-cleaning: the equipment conveying pipeline pumps deionized water from the water tank to clean the pipeline and the flow cell;
(3) carrying out color development treatment on the nutrient solution to be detected: conveying the nutrient solution to be detected to each reaction generator by a conveying pipeline, respectively adding corresponding color developing agent and masking agent, and reacting for a period of time;
(4) setting a reference spectrum: when the flow cell is cleaned and filled with deionized water, the narrow-band LED light sources are extinguished, and the dark reference I is collected and setdSequentially lighting each narrow-band LED light source, collecting and setting white reference Iw；
(5) Collecting the transmission spectrum of the nutrient solution to be measured: delivering the nutrient solution to be tested after color development treatment into a flow cell, and collecting a transmission spectrum I irradiated by an LED light source with a corresponding wavebandRCalculating the multispectral absorbance A of the nutrient solution to be detected,
the wavelength range of the multispectral absorbance A is 220nm-1750 nm;
(6) calculating the concentration of each component in the nutrient solution by adopting a partial least squares regression algorithm:
Y＝K·A+c
(7) and displaying the detection result.
7. The detection method according to claim 6, wherein the determination method of the coefficient K and the constant term c comprises the steps of:
a. data acquisition: preparing standard solutions of all components, mixing the standard solutions according to different proportions and different gradients, taking more than 100 mixed solution samples, and collecting the absorbance of the transmission spectrum of the mixed solution samples by using the narrow-band LED-based nutrient solution concentration rapid detection equipment;
b. determining the coefficient K and the constant term c: and (3) calculating a number K and a constant term c by using a partial least squares regression algorithm by taking the transmission spectrum absorbance of the mixed liquid sample and the calculated concentration value of the prepared liquid as input quantities.
8. The method according to claim 6, wherein the nutrient solution to be tested isEach component being nitrate ion (NO)3 -) Ammonium ion (NH)4 +) Calcium ion (Ca)2+) Magnesium ion (Mg)2+) Potassium ion (K)+) And total phosphorus content.
9. The detection method according to claim 8, characterized in that:
the absorption of the nitrate ions at the wavelength of 220nm of ultraviolet light, the absorption of dissolved organic matters at the wavelength of 220nm, and the no absorption of the nitrate ions at the wavelength of 275 nm; thus, a measurement was made at 275nm to correct for the effect of organics on the nitrate ion determination, and the nitrate ion content was measured by fitting the nitrate ion content with Δ a ═ a220-a275, with the lowest detected concentration of nitrate ions measured at 0.2mg/L, ranging from 0.4 to 10 mg/L.
Generating a yellow vanadium molybdenum yellow complex from phosphorus and ammonium vanadium molybdate under an acidic condition, determining the absorbance value of vanadium molybdenum yellow in a sample solution at a wavelength of 400nm, wherein the absorbance value of the vanadium molybdenum yellow is in direct proportion to the concentration of total phosphorus, the lowest detected concentration for measuring the total phosphorus content is 0.05mg/L, and the determination range is 0.1-0.75 mg/L;
in an alkaline medium, ammonium ions react with hypochlorite and salicylic acid to generate a stable blue compound, and the photometry is carried out at the wavelength of 700nm, wherein the lowest detected ammonium ion concentration is 0.01mg/L, and the measuring range is 0.02-1.2 mg/L;
under the condition of an alkaline buffer solution with the pH value being more than 9, the calcium indicator and calcium ions generate soluble wine red complex, but the calcium indicator and magnesium ions do not have the reaction, the acidic chrome blue K solution can simultaneously generate color reaction with the calcium ions and the magnesium ions to generate soluble wine red complex, and the content of the calcium ions and the content of the magnesium ions are respectively measured by photometry at the wavelength of 530nm to be 0-2.4 mg/L and 0-1.3 mg/L.
The 18-crown ether-6 forms a stable complex with potassium ions through the action of dipole ions, and the detection range of the potassium ions is 0.0406-0.8628g/L through near infrared spectrum analysis at 1720 nm.
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