CN112303949B - Control method of heat pump system based on micro-channel heat exchanger - Google Patents

Control method of heat pump system based on micro-channel heat exchanger Download PDF

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CN112303949B
CN112303949B CN202011007176.1A CN202011007176A CN112303949B CN 112303949 B CN112303949 B CN 112303949B CN 202011007176 A CN202011007176 A CN 202011007176A CN 112303949 B CN112303949 B CN 112303949B
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heat exchanger
temperature
preset temperature
outdoor heat
angular velocity
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CN112303949A (en
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李丽霞
王潇君
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Gree Electric Appliances Inc of Zhuhai
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Gree Electric Appliances Inc of Zhuhai
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    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25BREFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B13/00Compression machines, plants or systems, with reversible cycle
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24FAIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
    • F24F11/00Control or safety arrangements
    • F24F11/30Control or safety arrangements for purposes related to the operation of the system, e.g. for safety or monitoring
    • F24F11/41Defrosting; Preventing freezing
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24FAIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
    • F24F11/00Control or safety arrangements
    • F24F11/62Control or safety arrangements characterised by the type of control or by internal processing, e.g. using fuzzy logic, adaptive control or estimation of values
    • F24F11/63Electronic processing
    • F24F11/64Electronic processing using pre-stored data
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24FAIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
    • F24F11/00Control or safety arrangements
    • F24F11/62Control or safety arrangements characterised by the type of control or by internal processing, e.g. using fuzzy logic, adaptive control or estimation of values
    • F24F11/63Electronic processing
    • F24F11/65Electronic processing for selecting an operating mode
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25BREFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B39/00Evaporators; Condensers
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25BREFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B47/00Arrangements for preventing or removing deposits or corrosion, not provided for in another subclass
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25BREFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B49/00Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices
    • F25B49/02Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices for compression type machines, plants or systems
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24FAIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
    • F24F2140/00Control inputs relating to system states
    • F24F2140/20Heat-exchange fluid temperature

Abstract

The invention discloses a control method of a heat pump system based on a micro-channel heat exchanger, wherein the micro-channel heat exchanger comprises a flat pipe, the control method comprises the step of periodically switching the rotation direction of the flat pipe when the heat pump system operates, the rotation direction comprises clockwise rotation and anticlockwise rotation, and the switching period of the rotation direction is 30s-2 min. The control method can improve the heat uniformity of the micro-channel heat exchanger in the heat pump system and improve the heat exchange efficiency of the system.

Description

Control method of heat pump system based on micro-channel heat exchanger
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of heat pump systems, in particular to a control method of a heat pump system based on a micro-channel heat exchanger.
Background
The heat pump air conditioner is based on the common air conditioner, a four-way reversing valve is arranged, and the functions of an evaporator and a condenser in the original air conditioner can be mutually exchanged through the four-way reversing valve, so that the air conditioner can not only refrigerate the indoor space, but also heat the indoor space. When the air conditioner refrigerates indoors, the outdoor heat exchanger is used as a condenser, and at the moment, the indoor heat exchanger is used as an evaporator. When the air conditioner heats the indoor, the outdoor heat exchanger is used as an evaporator, and at the moment, the indoor heat exchanger is used as a condenser.
The microchannel heat exchanger has one of the main development directions of the heat exchanger due to the advantages of compact structure, light weight, low cost, high heat exchange efficiency, strong pressure resistance and the like, and is already applied to a heat pump system. However, the existing micro-channel heat exchanger has the problem of uneven heat exchange of the windward side and the leeward side of the flat tube micro-channel. On the other hand, when the microchannel heat exchanger is used as an evaporator in a heat pump system, condensed water generated on the surface is not easy to discharge, and the characteristic of compact structure can lead the condensed water to gather between the flat tubes and the fins to form a water bridge, so that the circulation of air is hindered, the heat exchange efficiency is reduced, the frosting and icing conditions are more easily formed on the surface of the heat exchanger, and the heat exchange efficiency is further reduced. Even if the flat pipe adopts vertical installation or continuously optimizes the fin, the problem of frosting is difficult to completely solve.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the problem that the heat exchange of the windward side and the leeward side of a flat pipe micro-channel heat exchanger of a heat pump system in the prior art is uneven, and provides a control method of a heat pump system based on the micro-channel heat exchanger.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
the control method of the heat pump system based on the micro-channel heat exchanger comprises flat pipes, and comprises the following steps: when the heat pump system is in operation, the rotation direction of the flat tubes is periodically switched.
Further, the rotation direction comprises clockwise rotation and anticlockwise rotation, and the switching period of the rotation direction is 30s-2 min.
Further, the control method further comprises the following steps:
judging the current operation mode of the heat pump system;
when the operation mode is a heating mode or a cooling mode, the rotating angular speed of the flat pipe is gradually increased in a stepwise manner along with the increase of the working frequency of the compressor.
Further, when the working frequency of the compressor is increased by 5-10 Hz, the rotating angular speed of the flat pipe is increased by 1 rad.
Further, the working frequency of the compressor is 11-100Hz, and the rotational angular speed of the flat tube is 1-15 rad/s.
Further, the control method further comprises the following steps:
judging the current operation mode of the heat pump system;
when the operation mode is the defrosting mode, acquiring the tube temperature of the outdoor heat exchanger;
comparing the relationship between the tube temperature of the outdoor heat exchanger and a first preset temperature;
if the temperature of the outdoor heat exchanger tube is higher than a first preset temperature, the rotating angular velocity of the flat tube is a first angular velocity;
if the tube temperature of the outdoor heat exchanger is less than or equal to a first preset temperature, the rotation angular velocity of the flat tube is a second angular velocity, and the second angular velocity is greater than the first angular velocity.
Further, the second angular velocity is
Figure BDA0002695251330000031
Where ω represents the second angular velocity and r represents the width of the flat tube, which is an aluminum tube.
Further, when the outdoor heat exchanger tube temperature is higher than a first preset temperature, comparing the relationship between the outdoor heat exchanger tube temperature and a second preset temperature, wherein the second preset temperature is higher than the first preset temperature,
if the temperature of the outdoor heat exchanger tube is less than or equal to the second preset temperature, the flat tube rotates at the first angular speed;
and if the temperature of the outdoor heat exchanger tube is higher than the second preset temperature, the flat tube rotates according to the rotation angular speed before the defrosting mode.
Further, when the outdoor heat exchanger tube temperature is higher than the second preset temperature, comparing the relationship between the outdoor heat exchanger tube temperature and a third preset temperature, wherein the first preset temperature is higher than the second preset temperature;
if the temperature of the outdoor heat exchanger tube is less than or equal to the third preset temperature, the flat tube rotates according to the rotation angular speed before the defrosting mode;
and if the temperature of the outdoor heat exchanger tube is higher than the third preset temperature, exiting the defrosting mode.
Further, the first angular velocity is 15-20rad/s, and the second angular velocity is 34-49 rad/s.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
the flat pipe of the microchannel heat exchanger is rotated when a heat pump system operates, and the rotating direction of the flat pipe is periodically switched, namely the flat pipe is periodically changed between clockwise rotation and anticlockwise rotation, under the wind direction caused by the axial flow fan blade, both surfaces of the flat pipe can become windward surfaces regardless of clockwise rotation or anticlockwise rotation, and the heat exchange is uniform; moreover, the rotation directions are periodically switched, so that the heat difference generated by the flat pipe due to the higher wind speed at one side and the lower wind speed at the other side is offset, the heat uniformity is good, and the heat efficiency of the system is improved.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of a microchannel heat exchanger according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic structural view of a heat exchanger assembly of a microchannel heat exchanger according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the wind flow as the heat exchanger assembly of FIG. 2 rotates;
fig. 4 is a relationship change diagram in which the rotational angular velocity of the flat tubes gradually increases in a stepwise manner as the operating frequency of the compressor increases in the control method of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be described clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments obtained by a person skilled in the art without making any inventive step are within the scope of the present invention.
A control method of a heat pump system based on a micro-channel heat exchanger is provided, wherein the micro-channel heat exchanger comprises a flat pipe, and the flat pipe can rotate. Referring to fig. 1 and 2, fig. 1 shows a schematic structural diagram of a microchannel heat exchanger with rotatable flat tubes, and fig. 2 shows a schematic structural diagram of a heat exchanger assembly composed of four flat tubes. In fig. 1, the microchannel heat exchanger is composed of eight groups of heat exchanger assemblies, each group including four flat tubes 3. The microchannel heat exchanger comprises a first collecting pipe 1, a second collecting pipe 2 and heat exchanger assemblies, wherein two ends of each heat exchanger assembly are respectively and rotatably connected with the first collecting pipe 1 and the second collecting pipe 2 through adapters 5, so that the whole heat exchanger assembly can rotate, and the flat pipe 3 can rotate. And when the heat pump system operates, controlling the rotation direction of the flat pipe to be periodically switched.
Referring to fig. 3, fig. 3 shows the wind direction flow when the heat exchanger component rotates, and in the wind direction caused by the axial flow fan blades, the heat exchanger component rotates clockwise or counterclockwise, the upper surface and the lower surface (or the left surface and the right surface) of each flat pipe can be the windward surfaces, and the heat exchange is uniform. However, the rotating wind generated by the rotation of the heat exchanger component can only make one side of the flat tube have higher wind speed, and the wind speed of the other side is relatively lower, so that in order to realize the uniform heat exchange of the two sides of the flat tube, the heat exchange needs to be carried out alternately anticlockwise and clockwise.
An alternative embodiment is: the rotation direction comprises clockwise rotation and anticlockwise rotation, and the switching period of the rotation direction is 30s-2 min.
Theoretically, the more frequently the counterclockwise and clockwise alternation is performed, the better the heat exchange effect is, but the more frequently the alternation is performed, the worse the stability of the equipment is, and the 30s-2min alternation is set to be suitable for both the two embodiments.
An alternative embodiment is: the control method further comprises the following steps:
judging the current operation mode of the heat pump system;
when the operation mode is a heating mode or a cooling mode, the rotating angular speed of the flat pipe is gradually increased in a stepwise manner along with the increase of the working frequency of the compressor.
In a refrigerating mode or a heating mode, along with the increase of the rotating speed of the heat exchanger component, the surface wind speed of the flat pipe is continuously increased, the heat exchange amount is also increased, but the increase of the rotating speed also brings the increase of the power of the motor, namely the increase of the power of the whole machine, so that the comprehensive energy efficiency and the rotating speed are not in a linear relationship. According to the characteristic that the power of the compressor is gradually improved along with the frequency of the compressor, the angular speed omega is limited to be gradually improved along with the frequency of the compressor, and meanwhile, the angular speed omega is limited to be divided in a stepped mode according to 1-15rad/s in the whole operation frequency of the compressor according to a simulation calculation result.
As shown in FIG. 4, the operating frequency of the compressor is in the range of 11-100Hz, the rotational angular velocity ω of the flat tubes is in the range of 1-15rad/s, and the angular velocity ω increases stepwise as the frequency of the compressor increases.
An alternative embodiment is: and when the working frequency of the compressor is increased by 5-10 Hz, the rotation angular speed of the flat pipe is increased by 1 rad. Preferably, the operating frequency of the compressor is kept to be 11-100Hz, and the angular velocity of the flat tubes is kept to be 1-15rad/s, and the angular velocity of the flat tubes is increased by 1rad every time the operating frequency of the compressor is increased by 6 Hz.
An alternative embodiment is: the control method further comprises the following steps:
acquiring the tube temperature of the outdoor heat exchanger;
comparing the relationship between the temperature of the outdoor heat exchanger tube and a first preset temperature when the operation mode of the heat pump system is a defrosting mode;
if the temperature of the outdoor heat exchanger tube is higher than a first preset temperature, the rotating angular velocity of the flat tube is a first angular velocity;
if the tube temperature of the outdoor heat exchanger is less than or equal to a first preset temperature, the rotation angular velocity of the flat tube is a second angular velocity, and the second angular velocity is greater than the first angular velocity.
An alternative embodiment is: the second angular velocity is
Figure BDA0002695251330000061
In the formula, ω represents the second angular velocity, r represents the width of the flat tube, μ is the material friction coefficient of the flat tube, and g is the gravitational acceleration.
An alternative embodiment is: comparing a relationship between the outdoor heat exchanger tube temperature and a second preset temperature when the outdoor heat exchanger tube temperature is greater than a first preset temperature, the second preset temperature being greater than the first preset temperature,
if the temperature of the outdoor heat exchanger tube is less than or equal to the second preset temperature, the flat tube rotates at the first angular speed;
and if the temperature of the outdoor heat exchanger tube is higher than the second preset temperature, the flat tube keeps the rotation angular velocity of the outdoor heat exchanger tube before the temperature of the outdoor heat exchanger tube is higher than the second preset temperature to rotate.
An alternative embodiment is: when the outdoor heat exchanger tube temperature is higher than the second preset temperature, comparing the relation between the outdoor heat exchanger tube temperature and a third preset temperature, wherein the third preset temperature is higher than the second preset temperature;
if the temperature of the outdoor heat exchanger tube is less than or equal to the third preset temperature, the flat tube rotates at a rotation angular velocity before the temperature of the outdoor heat exchanger tube is greater than the second preset temperature;
and if the temperature of the outdoor heat exchanger tube is higher than the third preset temperature, exiting the defrosting mode.
An alternative embodiment is: the first angular velocity is 15-20rad/s and the second angular velocity is 34-49 rad/s.
Further detailed and intuitive descriptions will be provided below with specific implementation data.
And detecting the temperature of the outdoor heat exchanger tube by using an outdoor tube temperature sensing bag, and entering a defrosting mode when the temperature T is detected to be less than or equal to 0 ℃ continuously for 30 s. In this mode, the counterclockwise and clockwise rotation directions of the heat exchanger assembly still periodically switch the rotation direction as originally set.
When the temperature is minus 5 ℃ (the first preset temperature) < T ≦ 0 ℃ (the second preset temperature), the rotational angular velocity ω of the flat tube should satisfy: 15-20rad/s (first angular velocity). At the moment, the small frost layer which is just formed can mostly fall off under the high-speed rotation of the flat pipe, so that the heat exchange of the whole micro-channel heat exchanger under the severe working condition is increased, and the frosting time of the micro-channel heat exchanger is prolonged.
When T is less than or equal to-5 ℃, the rotation angular velocity omega of the flat tube is further increased to enable the ice or frost on the flat tube to fly out of the surface of the flat tube under the action of centrifugal force, which is required to meet the requirement
Figure BDA0002695251330000071
And further calculating to obtain the value range of omega at the moment of 34-49 rad/s.
The derivation formula is as follows:
according to the formula F of centripetal and centrifugal forcesTo the direction of=FSeparation device=ma=mω2r
Centripetal force of F-body, N
F from centrifugal force of the object, N
m-mass of object, Kg
a-centripetal acceleration, N/Kg
Omega-angular velocity, rad/s
r-radius, m. In the present application, r is the width of the flat tube.
According to stress analysis, when the frost attached to the flat pipe is in the vertical direction, the centripetal force is the largest, and the centrifugal force required by the frost flying out of the surface of the flat pipe is the largest.
FSeparation device=mg+μmg
g-acceleration of gravity, taking 9.8N/Kg
Mu-coefficient of friction, flat tubes made of aluminum, surface coefficient of sliding friction of 1.4 without lubrication
So as to obtain the compound with the characteristics of,
Figure BDA0002695251330000081
so when
Figure BDA0002695251330000082
When in use, the frost on the flat tube will be coveredAnd (4) throwing out.
As can also be seen from the above formula, the smaller the flat tube width (r), the smaller the minimum value of the rotational angular velocity ω of the flat tube becomes, so that the width of the flat tube is not preferably too small in terms of the reliability of the apparatus in the design of the microchannel. The width of the existing flat tube is between 10 and 20mm, so the angular velocity ω of the flat tube is in the range of 34 to 49rad/s (second angular velocity).
When T is more than 0 ℃ and less than or equal to 5 ℃ (the third preset temperature), the rotation angular velocity omega of the flat pipe maintains the rotation angular velocity of the flat pipe when the temperature of the original outdoor heat exchanger pipe is less than or equal to 0 ℃.
And when T is detected to be more than 5 ℃ for 30s continuously, the defrosting mode is exited, and the normal refrigerating mode or heating mode is entered.
The above description is only for the preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the present invention should not be limited to the embodiment and the disclosure of the drawings, and therefore, all equivalent or modifications that do not depart from the spirit of the present invention are intended to fall within the scope of the present invention.

Claims (9)

1. The control method of the heat pump system based on the micro-channel heat exchanger comprises flat pipes, and is characterized in that: when the heat pump system is in operation, the rotation direction of the flat pipe is periodically switched, and the control method further comprises the following steps:
judging the current operation mode of the heat pump system;
when the operation mode is a heating mode or a cooling mode, the rotating angular speed of the flat pipe is gradually increased in a stepwise manner along with the increase of the working frequency of the compressor.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein the method comprises the steps of: the rotation direction comprises clockwise rotation and anticlockwise rotation, and the switching period of the rotation direction is 30s-2 min.
3. The method of claim 1, wherein the method comprises the steps of: and when the working frequency of the compressor is increased by 5-10 Hz, the rotation angular speed of the flat pipe is increased by 1 rad.
4. The method of claim 3, wherein the method comprises the steps of: the working frequency of the compressor is 11-100Hz, and the rotational angular speed of the flat tube is 1-15 rad/s.
5. The method of controlling a microchannel heat exchanger based heat pump system as set forth in claim 1, wherein the method further includes the steps of:
acquiring the tube temperature of the outdoor heat exchanger;
comparing the relationship between the temperature of the outdoor heat exchanger tube and a first preset temperature when the operation mode of the heat pump system is a defrosting mode;
if the temperature of the outdoor heat exchanger tube is higher than a first preset temperature, the rotating angular velocity of the flat tube is a first angular velocity;
if the tube temperature of the outdoor heat exchanger is less than or equal to a first preset temperature, the rotation angular velocity of the flat tube is a second angular velocity, and the second angular velocity is greater than the first angular velocity.
6. The method of claim 5, wherein the second angular velocity is
Figure FDA0003114873880000021
In the formula, ω represents the second angular velocity, r represents the width of the flat tube, μ is the material friction coefficient of the flat tube, and g is the gravitational acceleration.
7. The method of claim 5, wherein the method comprises:
comparing a relationship between the outdoor heat exchanger tube temperature and a second preset temperature when the outdoor heat exchanger tube temperature is greater than a first preset temperature, the second preset temperature being greater than the first preset temperature,
if the temperature of the outdoor heat exchanger tube is less than or equal to the second preset temperature, the flat tube rotates at the first angular speed;
and if the temperature of the outdoor heat exchanger tube is higher than the second preset temperature, the flat tube keeps the rotation angular velocity of the outdoor heat exchanger tube before the temperature of the outdoor heat exchanger tube is higher than the second preset temperature to rotate.
8. The method of claim 7, wherein the method comprises the steps of:
when the outdoor heat exchanger tube temperature is higher than the second preset temperature, comparing the relation between the outdoor heat exchanger tube temperature and a third preset temperature, wherein the third preset temperature is higher than the second preset temperature;
if the temperature of the outdoor heat exchanger tube is less than or equal to the third preset temperature, the flat tube rotates at a rotation angular velocity before the temperature of the outdoor heat exchanger tube is greater than the second preset temperature;
and if the temperature of the outdoor heat exchanger tube is higher than the third preset temperature, exiting the defrosting mode.
9. The method of controlling a microchannel heat exchanger based heat pump system as set forth in claim 5 or 7, wherein: the first angular velocity is 15-20rad/s and the second angular velocity is 34-49 rad/s.
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