CN112302679A - Visual support structure of exploration footrill covering layer hole section and construction method thereof - Google Patents
Visual support structure of exploration footrill covering layer hole section and construction method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN112302679A CN112302679A CN202011155427.0A CN202011155427A CN112302679A CN 112302679 A CN112302679 A CN 112302679A CN 202011155427 A CN202011155427 A CN 202011155427A CN 112302679 A CN112302679 A CN 112302679A
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- 230000000007 visual effect Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 23
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 18
- 230000008093 supporting effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 105
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 230000002787 reinforcement Effects 0.000 claims description 42
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000005341 toughened glass Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000003014 reinforcing effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 23
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 23
- 229910001294 Reinforcing steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 5
- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000000712 assembly Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000000429 assembly Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000000149 penetrating effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011799 hole material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002035 prolonged effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002023 wood Substances 0.000 description 1
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D9/00—Tunnels or galleries, with or without linings; Methods or apparatus for making thereof; Layout of tunnels or galleries
- E21D9/14—Layout of tunnels or galleries; Constructional features of tunnels or galleries, not otherwise provided for, e.g. portals, day-light attenuation at tunnel openings
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02B—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING
- E02B9/00—Water-power plants; Layout, construction or equipment, methods of, or apparatus for, making same
- E02B9/02—Water-ways
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D11/00—Lining tunnels, galleries or other underground cavities, e.g. large underground chambers; Linings therefor; Making such linings in situ, e.g. by assembling
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21F—SAFETY DEVICES, TRANSPORT, FILLING-UP, RESCUE, VENTILATION, OR DRAINING IN OR OF MINES OR TUNNELS
- E21F11/00—Rescue devices or other safety devices, e.g. safety chambers or escape ways
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/20—Hydro energy
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Abstract
The invention discloses a visual supporting structure of a cover layer hole section of an exploration adit and a construction method thereof, and relates to the technical field of geological exploration. The utility model provides a visual bearing structure of exploration footrill overburden hole section for support the hole wall of exploration footrill overburden hole section, a serial communication port, bearing structure includes bearing, bracing piece and transparent backing sheet, the bearing is used for installing at the bottom of the hole, the bearing surface is used for setting up the bracing piece, inside is provided with pedestrian's passageway, bracing piece one end is connected on the bearing surface, another section is installed transparent backing sheet, bearing structure includes a plurality of transparent backing sheets and bracing piece subassembly, transparent backing sheet is intensive to be arranged: the supporting cavity is used for tightly adhering to the cavity wall of the adit to support the cavity wall. The visual area of the hole section using the supporting structure can reach 90%, so that exploration personnel can conveniently carry out normal geological logging and construction efficiency improvement.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of geological exploration, in particular to a visual supporting structure and a visual supporting method for an exploration adit covering layer hole section.
Background
In recent years, the rapid development of tunnel engineering technology overcomes numerous engineering technical problems in the field of tunnel engineering such as water conservancy and hydropower, traffic, municipal engineering, underground engineering and the like, and achieves remarkable achievement.
In the construction process of water conservancy and hydropower engineering and the like, in the early stage of engineering construction, engineering geological phenomena need to be compiled, drawn and recorded, and professional description and comprehensive expression are carried out on various geological characteristics and phenomena obtained and mapped by geological space positions in found engineering areas.
In the field of geological exploration, exploration footrills are often used to observe and measure geological characteristics and phenomena. The adit is a horizontal tunnel with an adit directly communicated with the ground, and the section of the adit is arched, generally a three-star arch or a circular arch.
Disclosure of Invention
The cover layer hole section of the exploration footrill is often collapsed, and a series of problems such as the construction period is prolonged are caused. In the prior art, as shown in fig. 2, the supporting structure adopted by the cover layer collapse tunnel section is generally a columnar supporting structure which is densely and continuously arranged and extends from the bottom of the tunnel to the top of the tunnel, and mainly supports the top of the tunnel, and the supporting structure can shield the tunnel wall and the top of the tunnel, so that the observation of the geological phenomena of the adit is not facilitated.
Therefore, in the technical field of geological exploration, a supporting structure which can meet the requirement that workers can easily observe geological phenomena of an exploration adit cover layer hole section is urgently needed. Therefore, the invention provides a visual supporting structure of an exploration adit covering layer hole section and a construction method, and the problems are solved by the following technical key points:
the utility model provides a visual bearing structure of exploration footrill overburden hole section for support the hole wall of exploration footrill overburden hole section, a serial communication port, bearing structure includes bearing, bracing piece and transparent backing sheet, the bearing is used for installing at the bottom of the hole, the bearing surface is used for setting up the bracing piece, inside is provided with pedestrian's passageway, bracing piece one end is connected on the bearing surface, the other end is installed transparent backing sheet, bearing structure includes a plurality of transparent backing sheets and bracing piece subassembly, transparent backing sheet is intensive to be arranged: the supporting cavity is used for tightly adhering to the cavity wall of the adit to support the cavity wall.
As mentioned above, the supporting structure supports the exploration footrill cover layer hole section through the supporting seat, the supporting rod and the transparent supporting sheet which are arranged in sequence. The supporting seat is used as a supporting framework supporting rod, a pedestrian channel is arranged in the supporting seat, one end of the supporting rod is connected with one end of the supporting seat, and a transparent supporting sheet is arranged at one end of the supporting rod, so that the transparent supporting sheet is tightly attached to the wall of the hole, and soil and rocks on the wall of the hole are prevented from loosening and falling off. In the technical scheme, a worker observes the rock and soil conditions behind the transparent supporting sheet through the gap between the supporting seat and the supporting rod and the transparent supporting sheet in the pedestrian passageway. The supporting rods and the transparent supporting sheet assemblies are reasonably arranged, so that the visual area of the hole section using the supporting structure can reach 90%, normal geological logging of exploration personnel is facilitated, and the construction efficiency is improved.
The further technical scheme is as follows:
the supporting seat comprises a reinforcement cage and a safety net, the reinforcement cage is used as a framework for mounting and supporting the supporting rod, the cross section of the reinforcement cage is in a shape like a Chinese character 'men', the interior of the reinforcement cage is enclosed to form a pedestrian passageway, and the safety net covers the inner surface and the outer surface of the reinforcement cage. In this technical scheme, the main component that adopts the bearing of the conduct of steel reinforcement cage, the intensity rigidity of steel reinforcement cage is high, the process technology is mature, compares and often adopts perishable log to support among the prior art, thereby the steel reinforcement cage has higher corrosion resistance to promote whole bearing structure's reliability. The reinforcement cage can be prefabricated in advance, can modularly assemble and fix on the footrill site, and shortens the installation operation time of the support structure in the footrill. Have great gap between the reinforcing bar of steel reinforcement cage, can make things convenient for staff to see through the steel reinforcement cage and observe the hole wall in the pedestrian passageway that closes the formation at the steel reinforcement cage. The inner and outer surfaces of the steel reinforcement cage are covered with safety nets, and the safety nets can block fallen muck to protect the pedestrian passageway from being unblocked.
For making the steel reinforcement cage fix more firmly, the supporting effect is better, sets up to, the steel reinforcement cage bottom is provided with the fixing base, install a plurality of fixed stock on the fixing base. The anchor rod is used as a tension member penetrating into the stratum, one end of the anchor rod is connected with an engineering structure, the other end of the anchor rod penetrates into the stratum, and the reinforcement cage can be tightly and firmly installed on the bottom of the adit tunnel through the fixing seat.
The support rod is a steel bar and is arranged on the supporting seat through welding. In the technical characteristics, the reinforcing steel bars are used as the supporting rods, the advantage that the reinforcing steel bars can provide larger strength and rigidity under smaller diameter is utilized, the gap between the supporting rods is large enough, and the sight of an inspector can conveniently penetrate through the supporting rod area to observe the stratum.
The transparent support sheet is special-shaped toughened glass. Because the stratum of the cover layer cave section of the exploration footrill is loose, has no cementing and has extremely high porosity, the support sheets which are attached to the cave wall and have the function of direct support are arranged very densely, if the support sheets are not transparent, most of the cave wall is covered by the support sheets, and the phenomenon of the stratum is difficult to be directly observed by an explorationist. In the technical scheme, the special-shaped toughened glass is used as the support sheet, the glass is high in transparency and can be easily processed into various shapes so as to be more tightly attached to the surface of the hole wall.
In the technical field of geological exploration, the width and height of an exploration footrill are generally 2m x 2m, so that pedestrians can conveniently pass through the footrill, and a better supporting effect is provided, the pedestrian channel is 1.5-1.8m high, the height of the highest point of a support body, which is formed by enclosing all transparent supporting sheets, from the bottom surface of a supporting seat is less than or equal to 3m, and the width of the support body is less than or equal to 3 m.
Based on any one of the construction methods for the visual supporting structure of the exploration adit covering layer hole section, construction is carried out on the basis of the existing exploration adit, and the construction method is characterized by comprising the following steps: the method comprises the following steps: expanding and digging the existing footrill to form a new footrill; step two: placing the supporting seat in the new adit; step three: the transparent support sheet is attached to the hole wall; step four: the supporting seat and the transparent supporting sheet are connected and fixed by a supporting rod.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
the invention has scientific and reasonable structure and safe and convenient use. This bearing structure sets gradually through bearing, bracing piece and transparent backing sheet and can realize the visual support of exploration footrill overburden hole section, and the visual area of the hole section that uses this bearing structure can reach 90%, makes things convenient for the exploration personnel to carry out normal geological record, promotes the efficiency of construction. The supporting seat of the steel reinforcement cage can be prefabricated in advance, modular installation is carried out on site, the operation time in a hole is shortened, the supporting seat of the steel reinforcement cage, the supporting rod of the steel reinforcement and the transparent supporting sheet of the special-shaped glass sheet are adopted, so that the mechanism is not easy to corrode, and the working time is long.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of the embodiments of the invention and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this application, illustrate embodiment(s) of the invention and together with the description serve to explain the principles of the invention. In the drawings:
FIG. 1 is a schematic overall layout of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a prior art support structure;
in the figure: 1. a reinforcement cage; 2. reinforcing steel bars; 3. a pedestrian passageway; 4. a safety net; 5. a fixed seat; 6. fixing an anchor rod; 7. special-shaped toughened glass; 8. a cover layer; 1001. existing columnar support structures; 1002. and (6) jacking the hole.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention is further described in detail below with reference to examples and accompanying drawings, and the exemplary embodiments and descriptions thereof are only used for explaining the present invention and are not meant to limit the present invention.
Referring to fig. 1 and fig. 2, the present invention provides a technical solution:
the utility model provides a visual bearing structure of exploration footrill overburden hole section for support the hole wall of 8 hole sections in exploration footrill overburden, a serial communication port, bearing includes bearing, bracing piece and transparent backing sheet, the bearing is used for installing at the bottom of the hole, the bearing surface is used for setting up the bracing piece, inside is provided with pedestrian passageway 3, bracing piece one end is connected on the bearing surface, another section is installed transparent backing sheet, bearing structure includes a plurality of transparent backing sheets and backing sheet subassembly, transparent backing sheet is intensive to be arranged: the supporting cavity is used for tightly adhering to the cavity wall of the adit to support the cavity wall.
As mentioned above, the supporting structure supports the 8-hole section of the exploration footrill covering layer through the supporting seat, the supporting rod and the transparent supporting sheet which are arranged in sequence. The supporting seat is used as a supporting framework supporting rod, a pedestrian passage 3 is arranged in the supporting seat, one end of the supporting rod is connected with one end of the supporting seat, and a transparent supporting sheet is installed at one end of the supporting rod, so that the transparent supporting sheet is tightly attached to the wall of the hole to prevent soil and rocks on the wall of the hole from loosening and falling off. In the technical scheme, a worker observes the rock and soil conditions behind the transparent supporting sheet through the gap between the supporting seat and the supporting rod and the transparent supporting sheet in the pedestrian passageway 3. The supporting rods and the transparent supporting sheet assemblies are reasonably arranged, so that the visual area of the hole section using the supporting structure can reach 90%, normal geological logging of exploration personnel is facilitated, and the construction efficiency is improved.
The further technical scheme is as follows:
the supporting seat comprises a reinforcement cage 1 and a safety net 4, the reinforcement cage 1 serves as a framework and is used for mounting and supporting the supporting rod, the cross section of the reinforcement cage 1 is in a shape like a Chinese character 'men', a pedestrian passageway 3 is formed by enclosing the reinforcement cage, and the safety net 4 covers the inner surface and the outer surface of the reinforcement cage 1. In the technical scheme, the steel reinforcement cage 1 is used as a main component of the supporting seat, the steel reinforcement cage 1 is high in strength and rigidity and mature in process technology, and compared with the prior art shown in the attached drawing 2 that a corrosion-prone round wood is often used as an existing columnar supporting structure 1001 for supporting a tunnel top 1002, the steel reinforcement cage 1 has higher corrosion resistance, so that the reliability of the whole supporting structure is improved. The reinforcement cage 1 can be prefabricated in advance, and can be assembled and fixed in a modularized mode on the adit site, so that the installation operation time of the supporting structure in the adit is shortened. Have great gap between the reinforcing bar of steel reinforcement cage 1, can conveniently enclose at steel reinforcement cage 1 and close staff sees through steel reinforcement cage 1 and observes the hole wall in the pedestrian passageway 3 that forms. The inner and outer surfaces of the steel reinforcement cage 1 are covered with safety nets 4, and the safety nets 4 can block fallen muck to protect the pedestrian passageway 3 from being unblocked.
For making steel reinforcement cage 1 fix more firmly, the support effect is better, sets up to, 1 bottom of steel reinforcement cage is provided with fixing base 5, install a plurality of fixed stock 6 on the fixing base 5. The fixed anchor rod 6 is used as a tension member penetrating into the stratum, one end of the fixed anchor rod is connected with an engineering structure, the other end of the fixed anchor rod penetrates into the stratum, and the reinforcement cage 1 can be tightly and firmly installed on the bottom of the adit tunnel through the fixed seat 5.
The support rod is a steel bar 2 and is installed on the supporting seat through welding. In the technical characteristics, the reinforcing steel bars 2 are used as the supporting rods, the advantage that the reinforcing steel bars 2 can provide larger strength and rigidity under smaller diameter is utilized, the gaps between the supporting rods are large enough, and the sight of an inspector can conveniently penetrate through the supporting rod area to observe the stratum.
The transparent support sheet is special-shaped toughened glass 7. Because the stratum of the 8-hole section of the covering layer of the exploration footrill is loose, has no cementing and has extremely high porosity, the supporting sheets which are attached to the hole walls and have the function of direct support are arranged very densely, and if the supporting sheets are not transparent, most of the hole walls are covered by the supporting sheets, so that an exploiter can hardly observe the stratum phenomenon directly. In the technical scheme, the special-shaped toughened glass 7 is used as the support sheet, so that the glass has the advantages of high transparency, easiness in processing into various shapes and the like, and can be more tightly attached to the surface of the hole wall.
In the technical field of geological exploration, the width and height of an exploration footrill are generally 2m x 2m, so that pedestrians can conveniently pass through the footrill, and a better supporting effect is provided, the pedestrian channel is 1.5-1.8m high, the height of the highest point of a support body, which is formed by enclosing all transparent supporting sheets, from the bottom surface of a supporting seat is less than or equal to 3m, and the width of the support body is less than or equal to 3 m.
Based on any one of the construction methods for the visual supporting structure of the exploration adit covering layer hole section, construction is carried out on the basis of the existing exploration adit, and the construction method is characterized by comprising the following steps: the method comprises the following steps: expanding and digging the existing footrill to form a new footrill; step two: placing the supporting seat in the new adit; step three: the transparent support sheet is attached to the hole wall; step four: the supporting seat and the transparent supporting sheet are connected and fixed by a supporting rod.
The above-mentioned embodiments are intended to illustrate the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention in further detail, and it should be understood that the above-mentioned embodiments are merely exemplary embodiments of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention, and any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements and the like made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the scope of the present invention.
Claims (7)
1. The utility model provides a visual bearing structure of exploration footrill overburden hole section for support the hole wall of exploration footrill overburden (8) hole section, a serial communication port, bearing structure includes bearing, bracing piece and transparent backing sheet, the bearing is used for installing at the bottom of the hole, inside pedestrian passageway (3) that is provided with of bearing, bracing piece one end is connected on the bearing surface, the other end is installed transparent backing sheet, bearing structure includes a plurality of transparent backing sheets and bracing piece subassembly, transparent backing sheet is intensive to be arranged: the supporting cavity is used for tightly adhering to the cavity wall of the adit to support the cavity wall.
2. The visual supporting structure of an exploration adit cover layer hole section according to claim 1, wherein the supporting seat comprises a reinforcement cage (1) and a safety net (4), the reinforcement cage (1) is used as a framework for installing and supporting the supporting rod, the reinforcement cage (1) is in a cross section of a door shape, the inside of the reinforcement cage is enclosed to form a pedestrian passageway (3), and the safety net (4) covers the inner surface and the outer surface of the reinforcement cage (1).
3. A visual supporting structure of an exploration adit overburden hole section as claimed in claim 2, wherein a fixing seat (5) is arranged at the bottom of the reinforcement cage (1), and a plurality of fixing anchor rods (6) are arranged on the fixing seat (5).
4. A visual support structure of an exploration footrill overburden hole section as claimed in claim 1, wherein said support rods are reinforcing bars (2), said support rods are mounted on the backup pad by welding.
5. A visual support structure of an exploration footrill overburden hole section as claimed in claim 1 wherein said transparent support sheet is shaped tempered glass (7).
6. The visual support structure of the overburden section of an exploration footrill as claimed in claim 1, wherein said pedestrian passageway is 1.5-1.8m high, said transparent support sheets are collectively enclosed to form a support body peak having a height of 3m or less from the base surface of the bearing block and a width of 3m or less.
7. The method of constructing a visual support structure for overburden cavern sections of exploration footrils as recited in any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein said construction is carried out on the basis of existing exploration footrils, and further comprising the steps of:
the method comprises the following steps: expanding and digging the existing footrill to form a new footrill;
step two: placing the supporting seat in the new adit;
step three: the transparent support sheet is attached to the hole wall;
step four: the supporting seat and the transparent supporting sheet are connected and fixed by a supporting rod.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202011155427.0A CN112302679A (en) | 2020-10-26 | 2020-10-26 | Visual support structure of exploration footrill covering layer hole section and construction method thereof |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202011155427.0A CN112302679A (en) | 2020-10-26 | 2020-10-26 | Visual support structure of exploration footrill covering layer hole section and construction method thereof |
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| CN112302679A true CN112302679A (en) | 2021-02-02 |
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Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN206617182U (en) * | 2017-03-29 | 2017-11-07 | 中铁十四局集团有限公司 | Constructing tunnel Terrace prevention device |
| CN108195759A (en) * | 2017-12-29 | 2018-06-22 | 中国矿业大学 | A kind of engineering rock mass carefully sees the microscopic observation device in situ and method in crack |
| CN109681217A (en) * | 2019-01-25 | 2019-04-26 | 黄河勘测规划设计有限公司 | Exempt from the real-time observation type double-shielded TBM that opens a window |
| CN110043267A (en) * | 2019-04-04 | 2019-07-23 | 山东大学 | TBM carrying type advanced geology prediction system and method based on lithology and the identification of unfavorable geology Precursory Characters |
| CN209469439U (en) * | 2018-10-23 | 2019-10-08 | 中交一公局桥隧工程有限公司 | A kind of tunnel portal novel protective canopy |
-
2020
- 2020-10-26 CN CN202011155427.0A patent/CN112302679A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN206617182U (en) * | 2017-03-29 | 2017-11-07 | 中铁十四局集团有限公司 | Constructing tunnel Terrace prevention device |
| CN108195759A (en) * | 2017-12-29 | 2018-06-22 | 中国矿业大学 | A kind of engineering rock mass carefully sees the microscopic observation device in situ and method in crack |
| CN209469439U (en) * | 2018-10-23 | 2019-10-08 | 中交一公局桥隧工程有限公司 | A kind of tunnel portal novel protective canopy |
| CN109681217A (en) * | 2019-01-25 | 2019-04-26 | 黄河勘测规划设计有限公司 | Exempt from the real-time observation type double-shielded TBM that opens a window |
| CN110043267A (en) * | 2019-04-04 | 2019-07-23 | 山东大学 | TBM carrying type advanced geology prediction system and method based on lithology and the identification of unfavorable geology Precursory Characters |
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Application publication date: 20210202 |