CN112299373A - Method for preparing hydrogen by reforming natural gas through magnetic rotation and unbalanced sliding arc - Google Patents
Method for preparing hydrogen by reforming natural gas through magnetic rotation and unbalanced sliding arc Download PDFInfo
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- C01B3/40—Production of hydrogen or of gaseous mixtures containing a substantial proportion of hydrogen by reaction of gaseous or liquid organic compounds with gasifying agents, e.g. water, carbon dioxide, air by reaction of hydrocarbons with gasifying agents using catalysts characterised by the catalyst
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Abstract
The invention provides a method for preparing hydrogen by reforming natural gas through magnetic rotation non-equilibrium slip arc, which comprises the following steps: mixing the natural gas after desulfurization treatment with inert gas, deoxidizing distilled water, then feeding the deoxidized distilled water into an ultrasonic generator to prepare steam, and further mixing the steam with the treated natural gas to obtain methane steam; the methane steam enters the magnetic rotation non-equilibrium slip arc reforming natural gas hydrogen production equipment, and hydrogen is obtained under the action of slip arc discharge and non-thermal equilibrium plasma. In order to solve the problems of cost and safety of the hydrogen production, the hydrogen production is carried out by reforming natural gas by adopting magnetic rotation non-equilibrium slip arc, and the activation of free electrons in plasma and high-activity free radicals are utilized to effectively carry out the catalytic reaction, so that the technical and cost problems of catalyst inactivation and replacement are avoided; the ultrasonic atomization is adopted to prepare the vapor, so that the energy consumption for preparing the vapor is greatly reduced; and a micro-channel of a gas channel is formed on the rotary sliding arc discharge cavity, so that the reaction efficiency is further improved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of inorganic chemistry, in particular to a method for preparing hydrogen by reforming natural gas through magnetic rotation and unbalanced sliding arc.
Background
Hydrogen is an important resource, and in the field of petrochemical industry, hydrogen energy is the ultimate clean energy of human beings, and the discharged product generated by combustion of hydrogen and oxygen is water (2H)2+O2＝2H2O), does not cause any pollution to the environment, and the combustion value of hydrogen is very large, the heat energy released by combustion per kg of hydrogen is 1.42 × 105KJ, which is more than 3 times that released by combustion per kg of gasoline, especially the sudden leap of fuel cell technology using hydrogen as fuel, so thatThe organic combination of the pure electric vehicle and the fuel cell technology makes it possible to drive the locomotive with power on the premise of zero emission.
The demand of human beings for hydrogen resources is also becoming more extensive, but the natural hydrogen resources are very rare. It has been found in the early days that hydrogen can be generated in an acid solution by using metals, but the utilization cost of hydrogen as an energy source is very high. In the early 2019, the concept of 'driving the automobile by adding water' issued by the city of south Henan Yang and famous automobile manufacturers in a country in a united way is that aluminum powder is mixed with water to generate aluminum oxide (also known as alum and precipitate) and hydrogen. The chemical reaction formula is 2A1+3H2O→Al203+3H2. Experts slightly estimate their utility cost to be about: driving a car to travel 1 km at 50 km/hour costs about 19 yuan. The electrolyzed water can also be used for producing hydrogen, and the method is an extremely old hydrogen production technology, simple, mature and low in investment of hydrogen production equipment. The energy consumption for producing hydrogen is very large, and is about 5kWh (namely 5 degrees) of electricity per square of hydrogen.
At present, the traditional hydrogen production mode in the industry adopts hydrocarbon reforming hydrogen production technology, and hydrogen is produced through methane, propane and naphtha reforming. About 80-85% of industrial hydrogen production adopts methane steam catalytic reforming to produce hydrogen. The technology has high maturity and high hydrogen production efficiency, and is widely used in industry. However, the investment of the hydrogen production equipment is very large, the reaction temperature is about 800-. The hydrogen produced by the traditional methane reforming hydrogen production technology is applied to hydrogen-powered vehicles and faces the difficulty of hydrogen storage and transportation. Under the standard atmospheric pressure, the mass density of the hydrogen is very low, only 0.09g/L, and under the condition of 150 atmospheric pressures at normal temperature (20 ℃), the volume of 200 cubic meters can only bear 1.7T of hydrogen. The transportation cost becomes very high, and the utilization of hydrogen energy is severely restricted.
In addition to this, accidental leakage of high pressure hydrogen during transportation can lead to major disasters that are difficult to prevent. If a technology which has small investment and can produce hydrogen at low cost near a hydrogen station can be found, the cost and the technical problem of long-distance transportation of hydrogen resources are solved. After the advent of the methane (natural gas) reforming hydrogen production technology in the last ninety century, arc plasma has brought a great hope for low-cost small-scale near-by hydrogen production. The plasma technology has the advantages of high energy density, high reaction efficiency, simple structure, low equipment investment cost, convenient operation, quick start and stop and simple flow, thereby having unique advantages in small and medium-sized hydrogen stations. And the large-scale hydrogen production capacity can be formed by a mode of multi-machine parallel operation.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the problems of cost and safety of the hydrogen production, the hydrogen production is carried out by reforming the natural gas by adopting the magnetic rotation non-equilibrium slip arc, a catalyst is not required to be used in the hydrogen production process, and the activation of free electrons in plasma and high-activity free radicals are utilized to effectively carry out the catalytic reaction, so that the technical and cost problems of catalyst inactivation and replacement are avoided; the technical means of preparing the water vapor by ultrasonic atomization is adopted, so that the energy consumption for preparing the water vapor is greatly reduced; and a micro-channel of a gas channel is formed on the rotary sliding arc discharge cavity, so that the reaction efficiency is further improved.
The invention provides a method for preparing hydrogen by reforming natural gas through magnetic rotation non-equilibrium slip arc, which comprises the following steps:
s1, natural gas treatment: the natural gas flows out of the natural gas steel cylinder and enters a desulfurization device, and is mixed with the inert gas provided by the inert gas supply device after desulfurization treatment and enters a second gas collection box to obtain treated natural gas;
s2, preparing water vapor: after flowing out of the distilled water tank, the distilled water is deoxidized by a deoxidizing device and then enters an ultrasonic generator to be prepared into steam;
s3, preparing methane steam: the water vapor enters a second gas collecting box and is further mixed with the treated natural gas to obtain methane water vapor;
s4, reforming natural gas to produce hydrogen by magnetic rotation unbalanced sliding arc: methane vapor flows out of a pressure reducing valve of the mixing device, enters a cylinder from an airflow inlet of the magnetic rotation non-equilibrium slip arc reforming natural gas hydrogen production equipment, enters a reaction chamber through an air flow channel, generates a slip arc between the cylinder and a slip arc discharge cathode electrode under the action of 1500V high pressure, the slip arc breaks through discharge to generate discharge current, simultaneously an excitation device generates a longitudinal magnetic field, the discharge current generates magnetic rotation under the action of Lorentz force of the magnetic field and slides upwards to form non-thermal equilibrium plasma, and the non-thermal equilibrium plasma collides with the methane vapor to generate hydrogen and carbon dioxide; the reaction formula is as follows:
s5, hydrogen collection: the first gas collecting box collects hydrogen and carbon dioxide discharged from the magnetic rotation non-equilibrium slip arc reforming natural gas hydrogen production equipment, and the hydrogen and the carbon dioxide are separated to obtain the hydrogen.
According to the method for preparing hydrogen by reforming natural gas through magnetic rotation non-equilibrium slip arc, disclosed by the invention, as a preferable method, the inert gas in the step S1 is helium or neon.
According to the method for producing hydrogen by reforming natural gas through the magnetic rotation unbalanced slip arc, as a preferable method, in step S4, the flow rate of methane steam flowing out of a pressure reducing valve is slm.
The invention relates to a hydrogen production method by reforming natural gas through magnetic rotation unbalanced sliding arc, which is a preferred method and has the flow rate of 60 slm.
The invention relates to a method for preparing hydrogen by reforming natural gas through magnetic rotation non-equilibrium slip arc, which is a preferable method and comprises the following steps:
s1, natural gas treatment: the natural gas flows out of the natural gas steel cylinder and enters a desulfurization device, and is mixed with the inert gas provided by the inert gas supply device after desulfurization treatment and enters a second gas collection box to obtain treated natural gas;
s2, preparing water vapor: after flowing out of the distilled water tank, the distilled water is deoxidized by a deoxidizing device and then enters an ultrasonic generator to be prepared into steam;
s3, preparing methane steam: the water vapor enters a second gas collecting box and is further mixed with the treated natural gas to obtain methane water vapor;
s4, reforming natural gas to produce hydrogen by magnetic rotation unbalanced sliding arc: methane vapor flows out of a pressure reducing valve of the mixing device, enters a cylinder from an airflow inlet of the magnetic rotation non-equilibrium slip arc reforming natural gas hydrogen production equipment, enters a reaction chamber through an airflow channel, generates gas breakdown discharge between the cylinder and a slip arc discharge cathode electrode under the action of 1500V high pressure, generates discharge current, generates a longitudinal magnetic field by an excitation device, generates magnetic rotation and slides upwards under the action of Lorentz force of the magnetic field to form non-thermal equilibrium plasma, and collides with the methane vapor under the catalytic action of a nickel metal mesh to generate hydrogen and carbon dioxide;
s5, hydrogen collection: the first gas collecting box collects hydrogen and carbon dioxide discharged from the magnetic rotation unbalanced sliding arc reforming natural gas hydrogen production equipment, and separates the hydrogen and the carbon dioxide to obtain hydrogen.
The invention relates to a hydrogen production method by reforming natural gas through magnetic rotation unbalanced sliding arc, which is a preferred method.A hydrogen production device through magnetic rotation sliding arc comprises a cylinder, a gas flow inlet, a gas flow channel, a gas flow outlet, a first binding post, a second binding post, an electrode holder, a sliding arc discharge cathode electrode, piezoelectric ceramics and an excitation device; the barrel is divided into a wiring cavity and a reaction chamber; the gas flow channel is of a spiral structure with a plurality of branches, the gas flow outlet is arranged on the other side of the reaction chamber far away from the gas flow inlet, the first binding post is arranged outside the wiring cavity, the second binding post is arranged outside the other side of the wiring cavity, the electrode holder is connected with the first binding post and stretches into the reaction chamber after hanging through the wiring cavity, the sliding arc discharge cathode electrode is connected with the cathode electrode holder and is arranged inside the reaction chamber in a hanging manner, the sliding arc discharge cathode electrode is of a variable cross-section structure, the piezoelectric ceramic is arranged inside the wiring cavity and is connected with the second binding post, and the excitation device is arranged outside the reaction chamber;
the cylinder is connected with the second binding post to form a slip arc discharge anode, and slip arc and non-thermal equilibrium plasma are generated between the cylinder and the slip arc discharge cathode electrode; the airflow inlet is connected with the outlet of the mixing device; the gas flow channel is provided with a plurality of branches, and outlets of the branches are arranged around the slipping arc discharge cathode electrode; and the gas flow outlet is used for outflow of hydrogen and carbon dioxide.
The invention relates to a hydrogen production method by reforming natural gas through magnetic rotation non-equilibrium sliding arc, which is a preferable method, wherein a nickel metal net with a catalytic effect is arranged on the inner wall of a reaction chamber.
1. The cost of the hydrogen production method by reforming natural gas through magnetic rotation unbalanced sliding arc is calculated as follows:
the hydrogen production amount per hour of the system reaches 1kg ()/h, the average energy consumption per kilogram of hydrogen is about 0.8 degree of electricity, and the conversion efficiency of natural gas is higher than 80%. The weight of methane consumed per hour was calculated as follows:
4H2：2CH4＝8∶16＝1∶2(g：g)
1kg of hydrogen requires a net 2kg mass of methane gas, considering that the conversion efficiency of methane is 80%, the total consumption of methane is about 2.5 kg. The cost of methane per standard square is about 2.0 yuan, and the quality of natural gas per standard square is about:
natural gas of 2.5kg mass is 3.5 square volume, with a cost of about 7 yuan. The price of electricity is about 1 yuan per degree, and the electricity consumption is 0.8 yuan per degree and about 0.8 yuan per degree. The cost of deionized water is negligible. The net cost of producing 1kg of hydrogen is about 8 yuan.
The mass of 1-standard hydrogen is about:
the volume of 1kg of hydrogen is about 11.11 standard squares, and the cost of distributed hydrogen production by adopting the gliding arc steam reforming hydrogen production technology is about 0.72 yuan per standard square of hydrogen. The cost of hydrogen per standard square is far lower than that of the classical conventional high-temperature high-pressure hydrogen production process by 1.7 yuan, and the price of industrial electricity is 1 yuan per degree.
ω＝1×B＝0.66×0.05＝0.033(arc degrees-1)＝0.32(rpm)
2. The specific parameters of the method for preparing hydrogen by reforming natural gas through magnetic rotation non-equilibrium sliding arc are as follows:
the hourly flow rate of methane gas was about 3.5 square, i.e., 58.33slm (58.33 liters per minute at standard atmospheric pressure), and the outlet directional flow rate was about 400ms-1Gas atmospheric density of about 2.0 x 1025m-3Temperature 400K, static pressure of gas:
PS＝nkT＝2×1025×1.38×10-23×400＝1.1×105(Pa)
dynamic pressure of gas flow:
the cross section area of the sliding arc gas outlet channel is about s, and the number flow of methane molecules output by the sliding arc gas outlet channel is about:
a constant high voltage of 1500V is applied between the anode and the cathode, and the anode is grounded.
The discharge current increases after the gas breakdown, and the output power of the constant voltage power supply must also increase. The discharge current between the cathode and the anode is about 660mA, the electric power of the constant voltage source is 1000W, 1 degree electricity (kWh) is consumed when the device works for 1 hour, a 500G longitudinal magnetic field is generated by the rubidium, iron and boron permanent magnet in the sliding arc discharge chamber, and the discharge current rotates under the action of Lorentz force of the magnetic field.
The rotation angular frequency is about the arc current between the cathode and the anode, and the arc current slides upwards under the action of the lorentz force of the current on the cathode and the anode, so that the discharge electric field is reduced (the discharge distance between the cathode and the anode is increased, and the voltage of the constant voltage source is unchanged), and the main carriers of the arc current are in non-thermal equilibrium with the ions. The rotation of the arc causes the arc to form an ionization zone that extends throughout the gas region within the arc nozzle. That is, the electron temperature of the electron is about 1-5eV under the acceleration of the electric field, the power of the ion accelerated by the electric field is very low, the energy loss of the electron caused by the collision of the heated electron with the ion and neutral atom is small, the gas temperature of the gas flowing out from the bottom is increased by the ionization, the gas density is reduced, and the collision frequency of the electron and the gas molecule is also reduced. The acceleration effect of the electric field on the electrons is more obvious, the temperature of the electrons rises more quickly, the temperature of the formed electrons is far higher than that of ions and neutral molecules, and the formed electrons become non-thermal equilibrium plasma.
In the process of reforming methane water vapor, energy electrons (kinetic energy is more than 1-5eV) collide with methane molecules to cause the molecular bond CH to break, and the molecular bond CH and the oxygen atoms of the breaking component of the hydroxyl bond are synthesized to form CO, and the CO is continuously combined with the breaking component of the hydroxyl bond to form CO2During the chemical reaction, the mass of ions and molecules is far greater than that of electrons, the movement speed of the ions and molecules is low, and during the chemical reaction, the molecules are just assumed to be stationary molecular groups, and the heating of the molecules only causes additional energy consumption and does not increase the chemical reaction rate. The use of a non-thermally balanced arc plasma is very helpful in saving energy consumption of the reforming process.
The slip arc generates a non-thermal equilibrium arc plasma, but heats the electrons to a temperature of 1-5eV, namely 10000-50000 degrees Kelvin, but the temperatures of the ions and neutral gas molecules remain approximately 500-600 degrees Kelvin, and the ionization rate of the slip arc is approximately 5-10%. Compared with the classical high-temperature high-pressure hydrogen production mode, the energy consumption is saved by about half.
In addition, the arc electrons are restrained by a longitudinal magnetic field, and the heat flux density of the high-temperature electrons transferred to the wall of the anode is inversely proportional to the longitudinal magnetic field, which is also one of the mechanisms for saving energy consumption. The electrons collide with gas molecules at a higher frequency during the rotation around the longitudinal direction, exciting the molecules to an excited state, and promoting the high-speed progress of the reforming reaction. The energy consumed in the generation of each hydrogen molecule on average is low.
In the process for preparing hydrogen by reforming the distributed methane water vapor, the power of a constant voltage power supply is about 1kW, the constant voltage power supply is very easy to control, the initial stage of the discharge voltage of the sliding arc is about 1500V, the electric conductivity of the plasma after the arc is started is increased, the discharge power is increased, and the maximum power is only 1 kW. A current-limiting resistor is loaded on the constant voltage power supply, and the safe operation of the power supply is kept for a long time due to the overcurrent of the wall constant voltage power supply. Methane gas was flowed into the pressure reducing valve at a pressure such that the outlet flow rate was controlled at 58.33 slm.
A return control valve (check valve) is required downstream of the pressure reducing valve to prevent air at the opening of the slip arc from entering the upstream methane gas. Under normal operating conditions of the plant, no air is present downstream.
The invention has the following advantages:
(1) the invention provides a set of small-sized hydrogen production method by reforming natural gas through magnetic rotation non-equilibrium slip arc, which does not need to use a catalyst in the hydrogen production process, but utilizes the activation of free electrons in plasma and high-activity free radicals to effectively carry out catalytic reaction, thereby avoiding the technical and cost problems of catalyst inactivation and replacement;
(2) the hydrogen production method provided by the invention adopts clean energy, namely electricity, and has low cost and little pollution; in the aspect of electricity selection, wave valley electricity or photovoltaic electricity with lower price can be used, and the cost is further reduced;
(3) the technical means of preparing the vapor by ultrasonic atomization is adopted, so that the energy consumption for preparing the vapor is greatly reduced, and the hydrogen production cost is reduced;
(4) the invention has convenient use, high hydrogen production efficiency and low energy consumption, the reforming effect of the rotating sliding arc is obviously superior to that of the traditional blade type sliding arc in the aspects of partial oxidation reforming of methane and hydrogen production by cracking methane, the treatment capacity is obviously improved, and simultaneously, the CH is treated4Conversion and H2The selectivity is obviously improved;
(5) micro-channels of gas channels are formed on the rotating sliding arc discharge cavity through an MEMS processing technology, the reaction speed of methane vapor and the sliding arc is controlled, and the reaction efficiency is further improved.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of an embodiment 1 of a method for producing hydrogen by reforming natural gas through magnetic rotation non-equilibrium slip arc;
FIG. 2 is a flow chart of an embodiment 2 of a method for producing hydrogen by reforming natural gas through magnetic rotation and non-equilibrium slip arc;
FIG. 3 is a structural diagram of a magnetic rotating sliding arc hydrogen production device of a method for producing hydrogen by reforming natural gas through magnetic rotating unbalanced sliding arc.
Reference numerals:
1. a methane supply device; 11. a natural gas cylinder; 12. a desulfurization unit; 13. a second gas collection tank; 14. an inert gas supply device; 2. a mixing device; 21. a mixing device body; 22. an inlet of a mixing device; 23. an outlet of the mixing device; 24. a pressure reducing valve; 25. a reflux control valve; 3. magnetic rotating sliding electric arc hydrogen production equipment; 31. a barrel; 311. a wiring cavity; 312. a reaction chamber; 32. an airflow inlet; 33. a gas flow channel; 34. an airflow outlet; 35. a first terminal post; 36. a second terminal; 37. an electrode holder; 38. a slipping arc discharge cathode electrode; 39. piezoelectric ceramics; 3A, an excitation device; 3B, controlling a power supply; 3C, an excitation power supply; 4. a first gas collection tank; 5. a gas outlet; 6. a steam preparation device; 61. a distilled water tank; 62. a deoxidation device; 63. an ultrasonic generator; 7. a mass flow controller; 8. a rotameter; 9. a gas chromatograph; A. a computer.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments.
Example 1
As shown in fig. 1, a method for producing hydrogen by reforming natural gas through magnetic rotation non-equilibrium slip arc comprises the following steps:
s1, natural gas treatment: the natural gas flows out of the natural gas steel cylinder 11 and enters a desulfurization device 12, and is mixed with the inert gas provided by an inert gas supply device 14 after desulfurization treatment and enters a second gas collection box 13 to obtain treated natural gas;
s2, preparing water vapor: after flowing out of the distilled water tank 61, the distilled water is deoxidized by a deoxidizing device 62 and then enters an ultrasonic generator 63 to be prepared into water vapor;
s3, preparing methane steam: the water vapor enters a second gas collecting box 13 to be further mixed with the treated natural gas to obtain methane water vapor;
s4, reforming natural gas to produce hydrogen by magnetic rotation unbalanced sliding arc: methane vapor flows out of a pressure reducing valve 24 of the mixing device 2, enters the cylinder 31 from an airflow inlet 32 of the magnetic rotation non-equilibrium slip arc reforming natural gas hydrogen production equipment 3, enters the reaction chamber 312 through the gas flow passage 33, a slip arc is generated between the cylinder 31 and a slip arc discharge cathode electrode 38 under the action of 1500V high pressure, the slip arc is punctured and discharged to generate discharge current, meanwhile, the excitation device 3A generates a longitudinal magnetic field, the discharge current generates magnetic rotation under the action of Lorentz force of the magnetic field and slides upwards to form non-thermal equilibrium plasma, and the non-thermal equilibrium plasma collides with the methane vapor to generate hydrogen and carbon dioxide; the reaction formula is as follows:
s5, hydrogen collection: the first gas collecting box 4 collects hydrogen and carbon dioxide discharged from the magnetic rotation non-equilibrium slip arc reforming natural gas hydrogen production equipment 3, and hydrogen and oxygen are separated to obtain hydrogen.
Example 2
As shown in fig. 2, a method for producing hydrogen by reforming natural gas through magnetic rotation non-equilibrium slip arc comprises the following steps:
s1, natural gas treatment: the natural gas flows out of the natural gas steel cylinder 11 and enters a desulfurization device 12, and is mixed with the inert gas provided by an inert gas supply device 14 after desulfurization treatment and enters a second gas collection box 13 to obtain treated natural gas; the inert gas is helium or neon;
s2, preparing water vapor: after flowing out of the distilled water tank 61, the distilled water is deoxidized by a deoxidizing device 62 and then enters an ultrasonic generator 63 to be prepared into water vapor;
s3, preparing methane steam: the water vapor enters a second gas collecting box 13 to be further mixed with the treated natural gas to obtain methane water vapor;
s4, reforming natural gas to produce hydrogen by magnetic rotation unbalanced sliding arc: methane vapor flows out of a pressure reducing valve 24 of the mixing device 2, enters the cylinder 31 from an airflow inlet 32 of the magnetic rotation non-equilibrium slip arc reforming natural gas hydrogen production equipment 3, enters the reaction chamber 312 through the gas flow passage 33, gas breakdown discharge is generated between the cylinder 31 and a slip arc discharge cathode electrode 38 under the action of 1500V high pressure, discharge current is generated, meanwhile, the excitation device 3A generates a longitudinal magnetic field, the discharge current generates magnetic rotation and slides upwards under the action of Lorentz force of the magnetic field, non-thermal equilibrium plasma is formed, and the non-thermal equilibrium plasma collides with the methane vapor under the catalytic action of a nickel metal mesh to generate hydrogen and carbon dioxide;
the flow rate of the methane water vapour from the pressure reducing valve 24 is 30-70slm, preferably 60 slm;
s5, hydrogen collection: the first gas collecting box 4 collects hydrogen and carbon dioxide discharged from the magnetic rotation non-equilibrium slip arc reforming natural gas hydrogen production equipment 3, and hydrogen and oxygen are separated to obtain hydrogen.
Example 3
As shown in fig. 2-3, a method for producing hydrogen by reforming natural gas through magnetic rotation unbalanced sliding arc comprises the following steps:
s1, natural gas treatment: the natural gas flows out of the natural gas steel cylinder 11 and enters a desulfurization device 12, and is mixed with the inert gas provided by an inert gas supply device 14 after desulfurization treatment and enters a second gas collection box 13 to obtain treated natural gas; the inert gas is helium or neon;
s2, preparing water vapor: after flowing out of the distilled water tank 61, the distilled water is deoxidized by a deoxidizing device 62 and then enters an ultrasonic generator 63 to be prepared into water vapor;
s3, preparing methane steam: the water vapor enters a second gas collecting box 13 to be further mixed with the treated natural gas to obtain methane water vapor;
s4, reforming natural gas to produce hydrogen by magnetic rotation unbalanced sliding arc: methane vapor flows out of a pressure reducing valve 24 of the mixing device 2, enters the cylinder 31 from an airflow inlet 32 of the magnetic rotation non-equilibrium slip arc reforming natural gas hydrogen production equipment 3, enters the reaction chamber 312 through the gas flow passage 33, gas breakdown discharge is generated between the cylinder 31 and a slip arc discharge cathode electrode 38 under the action of 1500V high pressure, discharge current is generated, meanwhile, the excitation device 3A generates a longitudinal magnetic field, the discharge current generates magnetic rotation and slides upwards under the action of Lorentz force of the magnetic field, non-thermal equilibrium plasma is formed, and the non-thermal equilibrium plasma collides with the methane vapor under the catalytic action of a nickel metal mesh to generate hydrogen and carbon dioxide;
the flow rate of the methane water vapour from the pressure reducing valve 24 is 30-70slm, preferably 60 slm;
s5, hydrogen collection: the first gas collecting box 4 collects hydrogen and carbon dioxide discharged from the magnetic rotation non-equilibrium slip arc reforming natural gas hydrogen production equipment 3, and hydrogen and oxygen are separated to obtain hydrogen;
the magnetic rotating slipping arc hydrogen production equipment 3 comprises a cylinder 31, a gas flow inlet 32, a gas flow channel 33, a gas flow outlet 34, a first binding post 35, a second binding post 36, an electrode holder 37, a slipping arc discharge cathode electrode 38, piezoelectric ceramics 39 and an excitation device 3A; the barrel is divided into a wiring cavity 311 and a reaction chamber 312; the gas flow inlet 32 is arranged at one side of the reaction chamber 312, the gas flow channel 33 is connected with the gas flow inlet 32 and arranged on the inner wall of the reaction chamber 312, the gas flow channel 33 is of a spiral structure with a plurality of branches, the gas flow outlet 34 is arranged at the other side of the reaction chamber 312 far away from the gas flow inlet 32, the first binding post 35 is arranged outside the wiring cavity 311, the second binding post 36 is arranged outside the other side of the wiring cavity 311, the electrode holder 37 is connected with the first binding post 35 and hangs in the air to penetrate through the wiring cavity 311 to extend into the reaction chamber 312, the slipping arc discharge cathode electrode 38 is connected with the cathode electrode holder 37 and hangs in the reaction chamber 312, the slipping arc discharge cathode electrode 38 is of a variable cross-section structure, the piezoelectric ceramic 39 is arranged in the wiring cavity 311 and connected with the second binding post 36, and the excitation device 3A is arranged outside;
the cylinder 31 is connected with the second binding post 35 to form a slipping arc discharge anode, and a slipping arc and non-thermal equilibrium plasma are generated between the cylinder 31 and the slipping arc discharge cathode electrode 38; the gas flow inlet 32 is connected to the outlet of the mixing device 2; a nickel metal net with a catalytic function is arranged on the inner wall of the reaction chamber 32; the gas flow channel 33 is provided with a plurality of branches, outlets of the branches are arranged around the slipping arc discharge cathode electrode 8, and the branches of the gas flow channel 33 are uniformly distributed; the gas flow outlet 34 is used for outflow of hydrogen and carbon dioxide.
The above description is only for the preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any person skilled in the art should be considered to be within the technical scope of the present invention, and the technical solutions and the inventive concepts thereof according to the present invention should be equivalent or changed within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. A method for preparing hydrogen by reforming natural gas through magnetic rotation non-equilibrium sliding arc is characterized by comprising the following steps: the method comprises the following steps:
s1, natural gas treatment: the natural gas flows out of the natural gas steel cylinder (11), enters a desulfurization device (12), is subjected to desulfurization treatment and then is mixed with the inert gas provided by an inert gas supply device (14) and enters a second gas collection box (13), so that treated natural gas is obtained;
s2, preparing water vapor: after flowing out of the distilled water tank (61), the distilled water is deoxidized by a deoxidizing device (62) and then enters an ultrasonic generator (63) to be prepared into water vapor;
s3, preparing methane steam: the water vapor enters the second gas collecting box (13) to be further mixed with the treated natural gas to obtain methane water vapor;
s4, reforming natural gas to produce hydrogen by magnetic rotation unbalanced sliding arc: the methane vapor flows out of a pressure reducing valve (24) of the mixing device (2), enters a cylinder (31) from an airflow inlet (32) of a magnetic rotation non-equilibrium slip arc reforming natural gas hydrogen production device (3), enters a reaction chamber (312) through a gas flow passage (33), a slip arc is generated between the cylinder (31) and a slip arc discharge cathode electrode (38) under the action of 1500V high pressure, the slip arc breaks down and discharges to generate discharge current, meanwhile, an excitation device (3A) generates a longitudinal magnetic field, the discharge current generates magnetic rotation and slides upwards to form non-thermal equilibrium plasma under the action of Lorentz force of the magnetic field, and the non-thermal equilibrium plasma collides with the methane vapor to generate hydrogen and carbon dioxide; the reaction formula is as follows:
s5, hydrogen collection: the first gas collection box (4) collects hydrogen and carbon dioxide discharged from the magnetic rotation non-equilibrium slip arc reforming natural gas hydrogen production equipment (3), and hydrogen and the carbon dioxide are separated to obtain hydrogen.
2. The method for producing hydrogen by reforming natural gas through magnetic rotation unbalanced sliding arc according to claim 1, characterized by comprising the following steps: the inert gas in step S1 is helium or neon.
3. The method for producing hydrogen by reforming natural gas through magnetic rotation unbalanced sliding arc according to claim 1, characterized by comprising the following steps: in step S4, the flow rate of the methane water vapor flowing out of the pressure reducing valve (24) is (30 to 70) slm.
4. The method for producing hydrogen by reforming natural gas through magnetic rotation unbalanced sliding arc according to claim 3, characterized in that: the flow rate was 60 slm.
5. The method for producing hydrogen by reforming natural gas through magnetic rotation unbalanced sliding arc according to claim 1, characterized by comprising the following steps: the method comprises the following steps:
s1, natural gas treatment: the natural gas flows out of the natural gas steel cylinder (11), enters the desulfurization device (12), is subjected to desulfurization treatment and then is mixed with the inert gas provided by the inert gas supply device (14) to enter the second gas collection box (13), and treated natural gas is obtained;
s2, preparing water vapor: after flowing out of the distilled water tank (61), the distilled water is deoxidized by a deoxidizing device (62) and then enters the ultrasonic generator (63) to be prepared into steam;
s3, preparing methane steam: the water vapor enters the second gas collecting box (13) to be further mixed with the treated natural gas to obtain methane water vapor;
s4, reforming natural gas to produce hydrogen by magnetic rotation unbalanced sliding arc: the methane vapor flows out of the pressure reducing valve (24) of the mixing device (2), enters the cylinder (31) from the gas flow inlet (32) of the magnetic rotation non-equilibrium slip arc reforming natural gas hydrogen production equipment (3), enters the reaction chamber (312) through the gas flow channel (33), gas breakdown discharge is generated between the cylinder (31) and the slip arc discharge cathode electrode (38) under the action of 1500V high pressure, discharge current is generated, meanwhile, the excitation device (3A) generates a longitudinal magnetic field, the discharge current generates magnetic rotation and slides upwards under the action of Lorentz force of the magnetic field, non-thermal equilibrium plasma is formed, and the non-thermal equilibrium plasma collides with the methane vapor under the catalytic action of a nickel metal mesh to generate hydrogen and carbon dioxide;
s5, hydrogen collection: the first gas collection box (4) collects hydrogen and carbon dioxide discharged from the magnetic rotation non-equilibrium slip arc reforming natural gas hydrogen production equipment (3), and hydrogen and the carbon dioxide are separated to obtain hydrogen.
6. The method for producing hydrogen by reforming natural gas through magnetic rotation unbalanced sliding arc according to claim 1, characterized by comprising the following steps: the magnetic rotating sliding arc hydrogen production equipment (3) comprises a cylinder (31), an airflow inlet (32), an air flow channel (33), an airflow outlet (34), a first binding post (35), a second binding post (36), an electrode holder (37), a sliding arc discharge cathode electrode (38), piezoelectric ceramics (39) and an excitation device (3A); the barrel is divided into a wiring cavity (311) and a reaction chamber (312); airflow inlet (32) sets up one side of reaction chamber (312), gas runner (33) with airflow inlet (32) link to each other and set up reaction chamber (312) inner wall, gas runner (33) is the helical structure who has a plurality of branches, airflow outlet (34) set up reaction chamber (312) distance the opposite side that airflow inlet (32) are far away, first terminal (35) set up wiring cavity (311) outside, second terminal (36) set up the outside of wiring cavity (311) opposite side, electrode holder (37) with first terminal (35) link to each other unsettled and pass wiring cavity (311) stretch into reaction chamber (312), slip arc discharge cathode electrode (38) with cathode electrode holder (37) link to each other and unsettled the setting is in inside reaction chamber (312), the slipping arc discharge cathode electrode (38) is of a variable cross-section structure, the piezoelectric ceramic (39) is arranged inside the wiring cavity (311) and connected with the second wiring terminal (36), and the excitation device (3A) is arranged outside the reaction chamber (312);
the barrel (31) is connected with the second binding post (35) to form a slipping arc discharge anode, and a slipping arc and non-thermal equilibrium plasma are generated between the barrel (31) and the slipping arc discharge cathode electrode (38); the airflow inlet (32) is connected with the outlet of the mixing device (2); the gas flow channel (33) is provided with a plurality of branches, and outlets of the branches are arranged around the slipping arc discharge cathode electrode (8); the gas flow outlet (34) is used for outflow of the hydrogen and the carbon dioxide.
7. The method for producing hydrogen by reforming natural gas through magnetic rotation unbalanced sliding arc according to claim 6, characterized in that: the inner wall of the reaction chamber (32) is provided with the nickel metal mesh which plays a role of catalysis.
8. The method for producing hydrogen by reforming natural gas through magnetic rotation unbalanced sliding arc according to claim 6, characterized in that: the branches of the gas channel (33) are evenly distributed.
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN114572935A (en) * | 2022-04-13 | 2022-06-03 | 聊城因特农业发展有限公司 | Method for producing hydrogen by using medium barrier discharge non-thermal equilibrium plasma methane |
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