CN112295652B - Liner segment for gyratory crusher or cone crusher - Google Patents
Liner segment for gyratory crusher or cone crusher Download PDFInfo
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- CN112295652B CN112295652B CN202010744918.2A CN202010744918A CN112295652B CN 112295652 B CN112295652 B CN 112295652B CN 202010744918 A CN202010744918 A CN 202010744918A CN 112295652 B CN112295652 B CN 112295652B
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- segment
- crusher
- frame
- liner
- ejector unit
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Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B02—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING; PREPARATORY TREATMENT OF GRAIN FOR MILLING
- B02C—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING IN GENERAL; MILLING GRAIN
- B02C2/00—Crushing or disintegrating by gyratory or cone crushers
- B02C2/005—Lining
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B02—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING; PREPARATORY TREATMENT OF GRAIN FOR MILLING
- B02C—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING IN GENERAL; MILLING GRAIN
- B02C2/00—Crushing or disintegrating by gyratory or cone crushers
- B02C2/02—Crushing or disintegrating by gyratory or cone crushers eccentrically moved
- B02C2/04—Crushing or disintegrating by gyratory or cone crushers eccentrically moved with vertical axis
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B02—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING; PREPARATORY TREATMENT OF GRAIN FOR MILLING
- B02C—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING IN GENERAL; MILLING GRAIN
- B02C23/00—Auxiliary methods or auxiliary devices or accessories specially adapted for crushing or disintegrating not provided for in preceding groups or not specially adapted to apparatus covered by a single preceding group
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Food Science & Technology (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Crushing And Grinding (AREA)
- Crushing And Pulverization Processes (AREA)
Abstract
A liner segment (30) for a gyratory or cone crusher is provided with an expandable ejector unit (50) arranged between an outer surface of the liner segment (30) and an opposite inner surface of a frame (40). The ejector unit (50) has a first portion for abutting or engaging an outer surface of the pad segment (30) and a second portion for abutting or engaging an inner surface of the frame (40), and is operable to increase a spacing between the first and second portions thereof, thereby increasing a spacing between the outer surface of the pad segment (30) and the inner surface of the frame (40).
Description
Technical Field
The present invention relates to a liner segment for a gyratory crusher or a cone crusher, to a gyratory crusher or a cone crusher comprising such a liner segment, to a method of detaching at least one liner segment from a gyratory crusher or a cone crusher, and to the use of an expandable ejector unit (expandable ejector unit), such as a lifting bag, for detaching a liner segment from a gyratory crusher or a cone crusher.
Gyratory crushers and cone crushers are two types of rock crushing systems that generally crush (break aport) rock, stone or other material in a crushing gap between a stationary element and a movable element.
The gyratory or cone crusher comprises a head assembly comprising a crushing head (crusphere head) gyratory about a vertical axis within a fixed bowl (bowl) attached to a main frame of the rock crusher. The crushing head is assembled around an eccentric that rotates around an axis to impart a gyrating motion to the crushing head that crushes rock, stone or other material as the material passes through a crushing gap between the crushing head and the bowl. The crushed material leaves the crusher through the bottom of the crushing gap.
The eccentric portion may be driven by various power drives (e.g., attached gears driven by a pinion and countershaft assembly (counter shaft assembly, countershaft assembly)) as well as some mechanical power sources (e.g., an electric motor or an internal combustion engine).
Although the working principle of a gyratory crusher and a cone crusher is the same, the upper end of the longer shaft or main shaft of the gyratory crusher is usually supported by a spider bearing, whereas the shorter main shaft of the cone crusher is not suspended, but is supported in a bearing below the turret or cone. Gyratory crushers are often used as primary crushers, i.e. heavy machinery designed for handling large-size material (large material sizes). The secondary and tertiary crushers are intended to handle relatively small feeds. Cone crushers are commonly used as downstream crushers.
Background
Gyratory crushers and cone crushers utilize wear parts to protect the machine from damage and to perform the actual crushing of the material. The two types of wear parts are a housing (mantle) and a set of several concave pads, respectively. The shell is fixed to the main shaft and the concave pad (or simply "concave") is fixed to the frame or top shell (topshell) of the crusher. The concavities are arranged in rows overlying one another (sitting on top of each other).
The wear parts may be made of chilled cast iron or alloy steel (e.g. manganese steel), depending on the nature of the material to be crushed and the particular service level to be used by the machine. Manganese steels combine extremely high toughness and high wear resistance and have therefore evolved as a general choice for breaking hard, tough rock, whatever service class or type of breaker is used. A common material is 12% -14% manganese steel, also known as high manganese steel (Hadfield steel). The upper, middle and bottom liner sections of the crushing chamber use different alloys.
In general, both the shell and the concave surface wear and deform due to the large pressure and impact loading forces they transmit. Backing compounds (e.g., epoxy backing) are typically used to structurally reinforce the concavity and to aid in contact between the radially outward facing surface of the concavity and the radially inward facing surface of the top shell or frame. In practice, crushing forces must be transferred from the crusher structural members (structural crusher parts) protected by the liner to the liner, for which reason intimate contact is required between the back of the liner and the surface of the top shell or frame.
The wear parts are replaced on a regular basis, i.e. every 12, 18 or 24 months. Replacement of the casing is a relatively quick process, typically by replacing (swapping) the spare spindle assembly. In contrast, it is cumbersome to replace the concave pad. Typically, one unit per row (so-called "keystone") is first removed in order to relieve any hoop stresses stored in the corresponding concave row. This is accomplished by cutting a recess (valley) into the concave surface using a thermal spray gun, which may be chipped off with a rock crusher or other such hammer system. Once the "foundation" is removed, the remaining concavities in the row are removed one after the other in the circumferential direction. At that time, the epoxy backing remains between the concave surface and the supporting frame of the crusher, and it is difficult to remove the concave liner from the frame. Thus, the concave surfaces are removed one after the other using a lithotripter (i.e., a hydraulic or pneumatic hammer driven at the top leading edge, behind the concave surface) to break the epoxy backing.
In a large primary gyratory crusher, 80 concave surfaces (four layers (rows), each layer of 20 segments) can be easily replaced. Existing methods for removing and replacing concave liners (this process is also known as "replacing metal baffles") are time consuming and typically take days to complete. This is equivalent to downtime and production loss for the mine operator. As mentioned above, gyratory crushers are often used for first stage sorting (sizing) in the mineral processing industry, and therefore any associated downtime may have serious consequences for downstream processing and thus for the productivity of the whole plant.
Removal of the concave surface is also a dangerous task requiring high temperature operation and operation of the large stone crusher. Furthermore, because gyratory crushers can be up to ten floors tall, workers must operate in the top shell area of the crusher, which exposes them to risks associated with working aloft.
Another problem with the existing methods is that the top shell may be damaged (very expensive) during removal of the concave liner, thereby destroying the integrity of the crusher.
WO 01/28688A1 relates to the replacement of wear liners for gyratory crushers and suggests the use of fixing and positioning means between the shell and the head liner of the crusher.
WO 06/047681A2 describes a bowl liner retaining device which allows for easy and quick replacement of worn or unusable bowl liners on a gyratory cone crusher.
Concave removal presses (concave removal press) sold by the three Star Design (Tri Star Design) are also known. The press is attached to the outside of the frame of the gyratory crusher and has a push rod that extends into the crusher through a hole drilled into the frame in the area of the concave surface to be removed. The push rod is actuated by the hydraulic cylinder to push against the outer surface of the worn concave surface, thereby releasing the concave surface from the frame. This solution is still cumbersome and a hole must be drilled in the frame for each individual concave surface.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above, it is an object of the present invention to facilitate removal of worn liner segments from a gyratory crusher or cone crusher.
In order to achieve this object, the present invention provides a liner segment for a gyratory or cone crusher, i.e. a liner segment for a gyratory or cone crusher, the crusher comprising a head assembly comprising a crushing head provided with a first crushing shell or shell and a frame provided with a second crushing shell or bowl, wherein a crushing gap is defined between the shell and the bowl, and wherein the bowl is constituted by a plurality of liner segments, the outer surfaces of which are facing the inner surface of the frame, the liner segments being provided with an expandable ejector unit arranged between the outer surfaces of the liner segments and the opposite inner surface of the frame; and the ejector unit has a first portion for abutting or engaging the outer surface of the pad segment and a second portion for abutting or engaging the inner surface of the frame, and is operable to increase the spacing between the first and second portions thereof, thereby increasing the spacing between the outer surface of the pad segment and the inner surface of the frame.
According to the invention, the cushion segment is provided with an expandable ejection unit arranged between an outer surface of the cushion segment and an opposite inner surface of the frame. The ejector unit has a first portion for abutting or engaging the outer surface of the liner segment and a second portion for abutting or engaging the inner surface of the frame, and is operable to increase the spacing between the first portion and the second portion, and thereby the spacing between the outer surface of the liner segment and the inner surface of the frame.
The ejector unit is mounted in its undeployed state between the rear or outer surface of the concave surface and the opposite inner surface of the frame or top shell. In other words, the ejection unit is previously installed between the rear surface of the concave surface and the opposite surface of the frame or the top case. If it is time to remove the concave surface, the ejector unit is operated to expand, pry the concave surface from its support, and destroy the epoxy backing.
Thus, the present invention eliminates the need to use hydraulic/pneumatic hammers to assist in removing worn concave segments from the gyratory crusher and eliminates the need for workers to immediately operate in the region of the concave segments. This is a significant safety improvement over prior methods. The present invention will also result in a significant reduction in downtime during maintenance of the concave replacement metal baffle.
Therefore, the invention can comprehensively improve the shutdown efficiency and effect of the work of replacing the metal baffle plates of all the concave surfaces.
Optional further features of the liner segment of the gyratory crusher or cone crusher of the present invention are described in this disclosure. Preferably, the ejector unit is pneumatically or hydraulically operable. Preferably, the ejector unit is operable to increase its volume. Preferably, the ejection unit comprises a lifting bag. Preferably, the pad segment further comprises means for operating said ejection unit. Preferably, the operating means comprise a hydraulic or pneumatic line extending to each ejector unit in the crusher. Preferably, the pad segments are configured to be arranged in at least one layer or row along an inner circumference of a frame of the crusher. Preferably, the ejector unit is arranged in the region of the top edge of the pad segment. Preferably, the pad segment is a concave pad. Preferably, the outer surface of the liner segment is configured to receive or accommodate the expandable ejection unit. Preferably, a cavity or recess is included in the outer surface of the pad segment to accommodate the expandable ejection unit.
The ejector unit may be pneumatically or hydraulically expandable. In principle, mechanically operable ejector units are also conceivable, for example by means of a high-performance spring (high-powered spring) or a servo-actuated lever arm which is released remotely.
The ejector unit may be operable to increase the volume of the ejector unit.
In particular, the expandable ejector unit may comprise a lifting bag (lifting bag).
Lifting bags are capable of lifting loads of several tons, wherein lifting bags with a capacity of e.g. six tons may be used for the purposes of the present invention. Lifting bags are typically inflated with compressed air (inflated), in some cases with water or cement slurry.
Lifting bags have major advantages such as very small insertion height and quick operation compared to other types of lifting devices (jacking equipment). They are also lightweight and almost maintenance free.
The lifting bags to be used according to the invention may be made of one or several layers per side. Suitable materials for the layer(s) include woven steel (wovens steel) and kevlar (Kevlar with neoprene) containing neoprene. The surface of the lifting bag may be configured to provide a slip resistant effect.
The lifting bag works according to the following principle: force (F) =pressure (P) x area (a). It is therefore advantageous to provide a lifting pocket with a sufficiently large surface area to apply the required force to the pad segment to be removed.
Suitable high pressure inflatable lifting bags for lifting, moving, deployment and securing applications are available on the market, for example from MatJack inc.
The pad segment may also comprise means for operating the ejector units, for example comprising hydraulic or pneumatic lines or hoses extending to each ejector unit in the crusher.
The liner segments may be configured to be arranged in at least one layer or row along an inner circumference of a frame of the crusher.
The ejector unit may be disposed in the region of the top edge of the pad segment. The removal of the pad segment is thereby facilitated compared to the case where the ejection unit is arranged in the central region of the pad segment: when activated, the ejector unit acts on the upper portion of the pad segment to "peel" the pad segment from the underlying support or frame.
The pad segments may be concave pads, as is typically the case in gyratory or cone crushers.
The outer surface of the liner segment may include a cavity or recess therein to accommodate the expandable ejection unit. The groove serves as an ejector unit engaging portion. In other embodiments, the ejector unit may be installed between the rear or outer surface of the pad section and the opposite surface of the frame without forming such a groove at the rear of the section.
The present invention also provides a gyratory or cone crusher according to the present disclosure, i.e. a gyratory or cone crusher, comprising a head assembly comprising a crushing head provided with a first crushing shell or shell and a frame provided with a second crushing shell or bowl, wherein a crushing gap is defined between the shell and the bowl, and wherein the bowl is constituted by a plurality of liner segments, the outer surface of which faces the inner surface of the frame, at least one of which is provided with an expandable ejector unit arranged between the outer surface of the liner segments and the opposite inner surface of the frame; and the ejector unit has a first portion for abutting or engaging the outer surface of the pad segment and a second portion for abutting or engaging the inner surface of the frame, and is operable to increase the spacing between the first and second portions thereof, thereby increasing the spacing between the outer surface of the pad segment and the inner surface of the frame. Wherein the shell and bowl define a crushing gap therebetween, and wherein the bowl is comprised of a plurality of liner segments with outer surfaces of the liner segments facing an inner surface of the frame. At least one of the cushion segments is provided with an expandable ejection unit disposed between an outer surface of the cushion segment and an opposing inner surface of the frame. The ejector unit has a first portion for abutting or engaging the outer surface of the liner segment and a second portion for abutting or engaging the inner surface of the frame, and is operable to increase the spacing between the first portion and the second portion, and thereby the spacing between the outer surface of the liner segment and the inner surface of the frame.
The liner segment of the gyratory crusher or cone crusher may comprise one or several of the features described above for the liner segment and the ejector unit.
The gyratory crusher or cone crusher may also comprise means for operating the ejector units, for example comprising hydraulic or pneumatic lines or hoses extending to each ejector unit in the crusher.
The liner segments of the gyratory crusher or cone crusher may be arranged in at least one layer or at least one row along the inner circumference of the frame.
At least one layer or at least one row of liner segments of a gyratory crusher or cone crusher may be arranged such that several or even all liner segments in a row, preferably all liner segments except one liner segment in a row, are provided with an ejector unit.
In principle, one lifting pouch can be installed to act on several (adjacent) concave surfaces. The load distribution plate may then be provided so as to protect the lifting bag from any potential gaps between the concave surfaces or if one concave surface falls off before the other.
The ejection unit of the gyratory crusher or cone crusher may be arranged in the region of the top edge of the liner segment.
The liner segments of the gyratory crusher or cone crusher may be concave liners.
In a gyratory crusher or cone crusher, a liner, such as an epoxy liner, may be provided between the outer surface of the liner segment and the inner surface of the frame to bond the ejector unit with the liner segment and the support.
The gyratory crusher or cone crusher may also be associated with a control unit, for example to control the actuation of one or more ejector units from a remote location, for example by means of a wireless connection.
The present invention also provides a method of dismounting at least one liner segment from a gyratory crusher or cone crusher according to the present disclosure, i.e. a method of dismounting at least one liner segment from a gyratory crusher or cone crusher, the crusher comprising a head assembly comprising a crushing head provided with a first crushing shell or shell and a frame provided with a second crushing shell or bowl, wherein a crushing gap is defined between the shell and the bowl, and wherein the bowl is constituted by a plurality of liner segments, the outer surfaces of which are facing the inner surface of the frame, comprising the steps of: disposing an expandable ejector unit between an outer surface of the cushion segment and an opposing inner surface of the frame, the ejector unit having a first portion for abutting or engaging the outer surface of the cushion segment and a second portion for abutting or engaging the inner surface of the frame; and operating the ejector unit to increase the spacing between the first portion and the second portion, thereby increasing the spacing between the outer surface of the liner segment and the inner surface of the frame. The method comprises the following steps: an expandable ejector unit is disposed between the outer surface of the liner segment and the opposing inner surface of the frame, the ejector unit having a first portion abutting or engaging the outer surface of the liner segment and a second portion abutting or engaging the inner surface of the frame, and the ejector unit is operated to increase the spacing between the first portion and the second portion, thereby increasing the spacing between the outer surface of the liner segment and the inner surface of the frame.
If the liner segments are arranged in at least one layer or at least one row along the inner circumference of the frame of the crusher, one basic liner segment per layer or per row may be removed (e.g. by means of a thermo spray gun) to release all hoop stresses before activating one or more ejector units in said row.
The ejector units of the individual segments in a layer or row can be activated one after the other in order to disassemble the segments one after the other along the circumference of the crusher; or several ejector units may be activated simultaneously to disassemble several (possibly several adjacent) liner segments simultaneously.
If several rows of pads are provided, as is often the case in gyratory crushers, the row of segments will be removed starting from the uppermost row of segments in the crusher.
After the disassembly of a row of segments is completed, the disassembled liner segments may then be removed from the crusher in any known manner. For example, a removal tray or bin (bin) may be positioned below the row of pad segments being ejected and the entire layer or row of segments may be lifted out of the crusher at the same time.
As described in the present disclosure, the present invention relates to the use of an expandable ejector unit (e.g. a lifting bag) for dismounting a liner segment from a gyratory or cone crusher, i.e. an expandable ejector unit such as a lifting bag for dismounting a liner segment from a gyratory or cone crusher, the crusher comprising a head assembly comprising a crushing head provided with a first crushing shell or shell and a frame provided with a second crushing shell or bowl, wherein a crushing gap is defined between the shell and the bowl, and wherein the bowl is constituted by a plurality of liner segments, the outer surfaces of which are facing the inner surfaces of the frame, the ejector unit being arranged between the outer surfaces of the liner segments and the opposite inner surfaces of the frame; and the ejector unit having a first portion for abutting or engaging an outer surface of the pad segment and a second portion for abutting or engaging an inner surface of the frame, the ejector unit being operable to increase the spacing between the first portion and the second portion, thereby increasing the spacing between the outer surface of the pad segment and the inner surface of the frame.
Finally, the invention also relates to a liner segment for a gyratory or cone crusher, i.e. a liner segment for a gyratory or cone crusher, according to the present disclosure, the crusher comprising a head assembly comprising a crushing head provided with a first crushing shell or shell and a frame provided with a second crushing shell or bowl, wherein a crushing gap is defined between the shell and the bowl, and wherein the bowl is constituted by a plurality of liner segments, the outer surfaces of which are facing the inner surface of the frame, the liner segments comprising an ejector unit engagement portion configured to receive or accommodate an expandable ejector unit to be arranged between the outer surface of the liner segment and the opposite inner surface of the frame, the ejector unit having a first portion for abutment or engagement with the outer surface of the liner segment and a second portion for abutment or engagement with the inner surface of the frame, and the ejector unit being operable to increase the spacing between the first portion and the second portion, thereby increasing the spacing between the outer surface of the liner and the inner surface of the frame. The liner segments of the present disclosure include an ejector unit engaging portion configured to receive or accommodate an expandable ejector unit.
The cushion segment of the present disclosure and the expandable ejection unit configured to receive or accommodate may include any one or combination of the foregoing features.
Furthermore, the ejector unit engaging portion may be, for example, a groove or cavity in the outer surface of the liner segment to accommodate the expandable ejector unit. During installation, a temporary, easily removable material may be inserted into the recess or cavity. When it is desired to install the ejector unit, the insert may be removed or broken in place to make room for the ejector unit.
The shape of the groove in the liner segment may be designed to match the shape of the ejector unit (e.g., lifting pocket). The mating shapes may provide a positive fit between the ejector unit and the liner segment.
Drawings
The foregoing and other objects, features and advantages of the invention will be better understood from the following illustrative and non-limiting detailed description of preferred embodiments of the invention with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which like reference numerals will be used for like elements, and in which:
fig. 1a and 1b schematically show a part of a frame of a gyratory crusher according to the invention, which is constructed with a liner segment, from two angles;
FIG. 2a illustrates one of the pad segments of FIG. 1;
FIG. 2b shows the lifting bag in a deflated state;
FIGS. 3a and 3b show a liner segment with lifting pockets in perspective and from the side;
FIGS. 4a and 4b again show the cushion section with the inflated lifting bag in perspective view and from the side;
FIG. 4c shows the lifting bag in an inflated state;
FIGS. 5a and 5b are side and partial views in perspective of a liner segment with an inflated lifting bag and breaker frame; and
fig. 6 schematically shows a gyratory crusher of the prior art.
Detailed Description
Fig. 6 schematically shows a cross section of a previously known gyratory crusher 100.
The only purpose of this illustration is to explain the basic working principle of a gyratory crusher or cone crusher and should not be understood as implying any limitation of the invention.
The gyratory crusher 100 has a vertically extending main shaft 102 and a frame 104. The main shaft 102 has a longitudinal axis which coincides with the central axis a of the crusher. Unlike most gyratory crushers in which the main shaft is suspended on a spider bearing, shown here is a gyratory crusher without a spider (bearing). The crusher comprises an eccentric assembly, which in this previously known embodiment is provided in the form of two eccentric rings 106, 108 rotatably supported around the main shaft 102. The crushing head 110 is radially supported by the eccentric rings 106, 108, and the crushing head 110 may rotate around the eccentric rings 106, 108.
The drive shaft 112 is connected to a drive motor and is provided with a pinion (pin) 114. The drive shaft 112 is arranged to rotate the lower eccentric ring 108 by means of a pinion 114 engaging a gear rim 116 mounted on the lower eccentric ring 108. The crushing head 110 performs a gyrating motion when the drive shaft 112 rotates the lower eccentric ring 108.
A first crushing shell 118 (also referred to as a shell) is mounted on the crushing head 110. The crushing head 110 and the shell are part of the overall head assembly. A second crushing shell 120 (also called bowl) is mounted on the frame 104. A crushing gap 122 is formed between the two crushing shells 118, 120. When the crusher is in operation, material to be crushed is introduced into the crushing gap 122 and crushed between the mantle and the bowl due to the gyrating movement of the crushing head 110, during which gyrating movement the mantle approaches the bowl along a rotation generatrix and then moves away from the bowl along a diametrically opposite generatrix (diametrically opposed generatrix).
Fig. 1 schematically illustrates a portion of a bowl of a gyratory crusher constructed in accordance with the present invention. The bowl is constituted by a plurality of liner segments 30, wherein the outer surface of the liner segments 30 faces the inner circumferential surface of the frame 40 of the substantially annular crusher. The liner segments 30 are configured to be arranged in at least one layer or row along an inner circumference of a frame 40 of the crusher. In this embodiment, the pad segments are provided in the form of concave pads (also referred to as concavities). Thus, the expressions "concave", "cushion" and "segment" are used interchangeably to refer to a cushion segment.
In the operating state of the crusher, an epoxy backing (not specifically shown) is poured into the remaining gap between the outer surface of the liner segment 30 and the inner circumference facing surface of the frame 40. The epoxy backing is provided in a manner known per se to structurally strengthen the concavity and to assist in the contact between the radially outwardly facing surface of the concavity and the radially inwardly facing surface of the frame 40. The backing material fills the void between the concave surface and the frame 40 to provide a secure fit. In the crusher according to the invention, the epoxy backing also bonds the lifting pockets together with the cushion segments 30 and the frame 40. Lead, zinc, babbitt metal and other materials have been used as alternatives to epoxy resins.
To facilitate removal of the liner segments 30 from the frame or top shell and exchange with a new liner segment, each of the liner segments 30 is provided with an expandable ejector unit 50 disposed between an outer surface of the liner segment 30 and an opposing inner surface of the frame 40. The ejector unit is expandable to increase the spacing between the outer surface of the liner segment 30 and the inner surface of the frame 40. The ejector unit is mounted in its undeployed state between the rear surface of the concave surface and the opposite surface of the frame 40. In other words, the ejector unit is pre-installed between the rear surface of the concave pad segment 30 and the opposite surface of the frame or top shell. If it is time to remove the concave surface, the ejector unit is operated to expand, pry the concave surface from its support, and destroy the epoxy backing.
Thus, the present invention does not require the use of hydraulic/pneumatic hammers to assist in the removal of worn concave sections from the gyratory or cone crusher and avoids the need for workers to be present in the appropriate concave areas. On the one hand, this is a significant safety improvement over the existing methods and on the other hand, will also significantly reduce downtime during maintenance of the concave replacement metal baffle.
The invention comprises an ejector unit that can be inflated in different ways, for example pneumatically or hydraulically. One practical embodiment of an expandable ejector unit, which is also used in the embodiments shown in fig. 1 to 5, is an inflatable lifting bag. The lifting pockets are arranged between the outer surface of the liner segment 30 and the opposite inner surface of the frame 40 of the crusher. The lifting pouch has opposed major surfaces, a first major surface abutting or engaging the outer surface of the cushion segment 30 and a second major surface abutting or engaging the inner surface of the frame 40. The lifting bag is mounted in its deflated condition. When the lifting pouch is manipulated to inflate, the volume of the lifting pouch increases and the spacing between the first and second surfaces increases, pushing the cushion segment 30 away from the inner surface of the frame 40, thereby breaking the epoxy backing and removing the cushion segment 30 from the frame 40.
Each of the pad segments 30 shown in fig. 1 is provided with a lifting pocket. In one practical embodiment, each pad segment 30 will be provided with an expandable ejector unit, except for one pad segment in a row of pad segments 30, for reasons set forth further below.
In this embodiment, each lifting pocket is associated with one of the cushion segments 30. It is in principle conceivable to associate a lifting pouch with several (i.e. two, three or even more) adjacent cushion segments 30 and then to act on these at the same time.
In the embodiment shown, lifting pockets are provided in the region of the top edge of the respective pad segment 30. The removal of the pad segment 30 is thereby facilitated, compared to the case where a lifting pocket is arranged in the central region of the pad segment 30: when inflated, the lifting pouch then acts on the upper portion of the cushion segment 30 to "peel" the cushion segment 30 from the underlying support or frame 40.
Fig. 2a shows the pad segment 30 of the embodiment of fig. 1 without the lifting pocket. The concave liner segment 30 of this embodiment differs from the prior art similar concave surface in that the back surface of the liner segment 30 includes a cavity or recess 60 therein that is large enough to accommodate the deflated lift pocket when the liner segment 30 is mounted to a crusher.
Shown in fig. 2b is an exemplary embodiment of a lifting bag, under the trade designation "MatJack", for lifting, moving, deploying and securing applications. The lifting bag is capable of lifting a predetermined weight (e.g. 6 tons) if inflated at a corresponding pressure. In this embodiment the lifting bag has an approximately square shape, but the lifting bag used in the invention may also have other shapes (e.g. rectangular or circular).
The lifting pouch and the groove 60 in the liner segment 30 have mating shapes, e.g., providing a form fit between the lifting pouch and the liner segment 30. In this embodiment, the lifting bag has four tabs (tab) 51 integrally molded to its edge for lifting or attachment to a fixture. In the present embodiment, the groove 60 in the back side of the pad segment 30 comprises a corresponding cutout 61.
In other embodiments, the lifting pocket may be mounted between the rear surface of the concave surface and the opposite surface of the frame 40 without forming such a recess 60 in the back surface of the concave surface.
The lifting bag works according to the following principle: force (F) =pressure (P) ×area (a). Thus, the surface area of the lifting bag should be large enough to generate the required force. The surface area of the lifting bag should suitably correspond to a sufficient percentage of the surface area of the concave surface (i.e. the surface area of the rear or outer surface of the concave surface as shown in fig. 2 a). For example, in the illustrated embodiment, the surface area of the lifting pouch may correspond to about one-fourth of the surface area of the rear or outer surface of the concave surface.
Fig. 3a and 3b show the pad segments or concavities in perspective and from the side, wherein the lifting pockets are mounted in the aforementioned grooves 60. Fig. 4a and 4b again show the cushion section 30 with the inflated lifting bag in perspective view and from the side. The lifting bag is also exemplarily shown in an inflated state (fig. 4 c). Fig. 5a and 5b are partial views from the side and in perspective view in a state in which the lifting bag between the outer surface of the concave surface and the inner surface of the frame 40 has been inflated and the concave surface has been separated from the frame 40.
To operate the ejector units (i.e. lifting bags), a pneumatic line or hose (not shown) extends from each lifting bag in the crusher towards a compressed air source (not shown). The lifting bag in fig. 2b and 4c comprises a corresponding connector 52 for the pneumatic line. Pneumatic lines from several lifting bags may be combined together via respective manifolds (manifolds). A control unit (not shown), such as a push button, fork lever or joystick (joy stick) controller, is provided to control the supply of compressed air to inflate one or more lifting bags independently or simultaneously.
Considering the gyratory crusher or the cone crusher as a whole, several liner segments in each layer or row are provided with an ejector unit. In one embodiment, all but one pad segment of each layer or row is provided with an ejector unit. The remaining segments in each row are "base" segments that are removed with the aid of a thermal spray gun, as in conventional methods, to relieve all hoop stresses before the remaining concave surfaces are removed by activating an ejector unit, such as a lift-off bag. This sequence of steps is typically performed starting with the uppermost row of liner segments 30 in the crusher.
Similar to the prior art, it is in principle possible to activate the lifting pockets for the individual pad segments 30 in a layer or row one after the other in order to disassemble the pad segments 30 one after the other along the circumference of the crusher. It is also contemplated that several lifting pockets may be activated simultaneously to disassemble several (possibly several adjacent) cushion segments 30 simultaneously. In any event, this process continues until all of the liner segments 30 in the circumferential row are disassembled and ready for removal from the crusher.
The disassembled liner segments 30 are then removed from the crusher in any known manner. For example, a removal tray or bin (not shown) may be positioned below the row of pad segments being ejected and the entire layer or row of segments may be lifted out of the crusher at the same time.
The invention can comprehensively improve the shutdown efficiency and effect of the work of replacing the metal baffle plates of all the concave surfaces.
Although one embodiment of the present invention has been described with reference to fig. 1 to 5, the scope of the present invention is not limited to this embodiment, but is defined by the appended claims. Various modifications are included within the scope.
For example, the principle of the invention, i.e. the use of an expandable ejector unit for detaching a pad segment from an underlying crusher frame, can also be used with so-called double-layer concave segments: the height of the double layer concave sections is twice that of conventional pad sections. This means that the consumable parts to be replaced are reduced by 50% and eventually the risk of maintenance personnel performing the replacement of the metal barrier is reduced.
Claims (30)
1. A liner segment (30) for a gyratory crusher or cone crusher, the crusher comprising a head assembly comprising a crushing head provided with a first crushing shell and a frame (40) provided with a second crushing shell, wherein a crushing gap is defined between the first crushing shell and the second crushing shell, and wherein the second crushing shell is constituted by a plurality of liner segments (30), an outer surface of the liner segments (30) facing an inner surface of the frame (40),
it is characterized in that the method comprises the steps of,
the cushion segment (30) is provided with an expandable ejector unit (50) arranged between an outer surface of the cushion segment (30) and an opposite inner surface of the frame (40); and
the ejector unit (50) has a first portion for abutting or engaging an outer surface of the pad segment (30) and a second portion for abutting or engaging an inner surface of the frame (40), and is operable to increase a spacing between the first and second portions thereof, thereby increasing a spacing between the outer surface of the pad segment (30) and the inner surface of the frame (40).
2. The liner segment (30) for a gyratory crusher or cone crusher according to claim 1, wherein the first crushing shell is a shell and the second crushing shell is a bowl.
3. The liner segment (30) for a gyratory crusher or cone crusher according to claim 1, wherein the ejector unit (50) is pneumatically or hydraulically operable.
4. A liner segment (30) for a gyratory or cone crusher according to any one of claims 1-3, wherein the ejector unit (50) is operable to increase its volume.
5. The liner segment (30) for a gyratory crusher or cone crusher according to claim 4, wherein the ejector unit (50) comprises a lifting pocket.
6. A liner segment (30) for a gyratory crusher or cone crusher according to any one of claims 1-3, further comprising an operating device for the ejector unit (50).
7. A liner segment (30) for a gyratory crusher or cone crusher according to claim 6, wherein the operating means comprises a hydraulic or pneumatic line extending to each ejector unit (50) in the crusher.
8. A liner segment (30) for a gyratory crusher or cone crusher according to any one of claims 1-3, wherein the liner segment (30) is configured to be arranged in at least one layer or at least one row along an inner circumference of a frame (40) of the crusher.
9. A liner segment (30) for a gyratory crusher or cone crusher according to any one of claims 1-3, wherein the ejector unit (50) is provided in the region of the top edge of the liner segment (30).
10. A pad segment (30) for a gyratory crusher or cone crusher according to any one of claims 1-3, wherein the pad segment (30) is a concave pad.
11. A liner segment (30) for a gyratory or cone crusher according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein an outer surface of the liner segment (30) is configured to receive or accommodate the expandable ejector unit (50).
12. The liner segment (30) for a gyratory crusher or cone crusher according to claim 11, wherein a cavity or groove (60) is included in an outer surface of the liner segment (30) to accommodate the expandable ejector unit (50).
13. A gyratory crusher or cone crusher comprising a head assembly comprising a crushing head provided with a first crushing shell and a frame (40) provided with a second crushing shell, wherein a crushing gap is defined between the first crushing shell and the second crushing shell, and wherein the second crushing shell is constituted by a plurality of liner segments (30), an outer surface of the liner segments (30) facing an inner surface of the frame (40),
It is characterized in that the method comprises the steps of,
at least one of the pad segments (30) is a pad segment according to any one of claims 1 to 12.
14. The gyratory crusher or cone crusher according to claim 13, wherein the liner segments (30) are arranged in at least one layer or row along the inner circumference of the frame (40), and the liner segments (30) of at least one layer or row are arranged such that several or all liner segments in one layer or row are provided with an ejector unit (50).
15. The gyratory crusher or cone crusher according to claim 14, wherein at least one layer or at least one row of liner segments (30) is arranged such that all liner segments except one liner segment in one layer or row are provided with an ejector unit (50).
16. The gyratory crusher or cone crusher according to any one of claims 13-15, wherein a backing is provided between the outer surface of the liner segment and the inner surface of the frame (40) to bond the ejector unit (50) with the liner segment (30) and the frame (40).
17. A gyratory crusher or cone crusher according to claim 16, the material of the backing being epoxy.
18. A gyratory crusher or cone crusher according to any one of claims 13 to 15, wherein the crusher is associated with a control unit to control actuation of one or more of the ejector units.
19. A gyratory crusher or cone crusher according to claim 18, wherein the crusher and control unit control the actuation of one or more of the ejector units from a remote location via a wireless connection.
20. A method of dismounting at least one liner segment from a gyratory crusher or a cone crusher, the crusher comprising a head assembly comprising a crushing head provided with a first crushing shell and a frame (40) provided with a second crushing shell, wherein a crushing gap is defined between the first crushing shell and the second crushing shell, and wherein the second crushing shell is constituted by a plurality of liner segments (30), an outer surface of the liner segments (30) facing an inner surface of the frame (40),
the method is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
-arranging an expandable ejector unit (50) between an outer surface of the pad segment (30) and an opposite inner surface of the frame (40), the ejector unit (50) having a first portion for abutment or engagement with the outer surface of the pad segment (30) and a second portion for abutment or engagement with the inner surface of the frame (40); and
The ejector unit (50) is operated to increase the spacing between the first portion and the second portion, thereby increasing the spacing between the outer surface of the liner segment (30) and the inner surface of the frame (40).
21. The method of claim 20, wherein the first crushing shell is a shell and the second crushing shell is a bowl.
22. The method according to claim 20 or 21, wherein the liner segments (30) are arranged in at least one layer or row along the inner circumference of the frame (40) of the crusher, and in each layer or row one basic liner segment is removed before activating one or more ejector units (50) of the layer or row.
23. The method according to claim 22, wherein one basic pad segment is removed by means of a thermal spray gun before activating one or more ejection units (50) of the layer or the row.
24. The method according to claim 22, wherein the removal tray or bin is positioned below the layer or row of pad segments (30) being ejected and lifting the entire layer or row of pad segments (30) out of the crusher at the same time.
25. Use of an expandable ejection unit (50) for dismounting a liner segment (30) from a gyratory crusher or cone crusher, the crusher comprising a head assembly comprising a crushing head provided with a first crushing shell and a frame (40) provided with a second crushing shell, wherein a crushing gap is defined between the first crushing shell and the second crushing shell, and wherein the second crushing shell is constituted by a plurality of liner segments (30), an outer surface of the liner segments (30) facing an inner surface of the frame (40),
The ejector unit (50) is arranged between an outer surface of the pad segment (30) and an opposite inner surface of the frame (40); and
the ejector unit (50) has a first portion for abutting or engaging an outer surface of the pad segment (30) and a second portion for abutting or engaging an inner surface of the frame (40), the ejector unit (50) being operable to increase the spacing between the first portion and the second portion, thereby increasing the spacing between the outer surface of the pad segment (30) and the inner surface of the frame (40).
26. The use of claim 25, wherein the first crushing shell is a shell and the second crushing shell is a bowl.
27. Use according to claim 25 or 26, wherein the ejector unit (50) is a lifting bag.
28. A liner segment (30) for a gyratory crusher or cone crusher, the crusher comprising a head assembly comprising a crushing head provided with a first crushing shell and a frame (40) provided with a second crushing shell, wherein a crushing gap is defined between the first crushing shell and the second crushing shell, and wherein the second crushing shell is constituted by a plurality of liner segments (30), an outer surface of the liner segments (30) facing an inner surface of the frame (40),
It is characterized in that the method comprises the steps of,
the cushion segment (30) includes an ejector unit engagement portion configured to receive or accommodate an expandable ejector unit (50) to be disposed between an outer surface of the cushion segment (30) and an opposing inner surface of the frame (40), the ejector unit (50) having a first portion for abutting or engaging the outer surface of the cushion segment (30) and a second portion for abutting or engaging the inner surface of the frame (40), and the ejector unit being operable to increase a spacing between the first portion and the second portion, thereby increasing a spacing between the outer surface of the cushion segment (30) and the inner surface of the frame (40).
29. The cushion segment (30) of claim 28, wherein the first crushing shell is a shell and the second crushing shell is a bowl.
30. The cushion segment (30) of claim 28 or 29, wherein the ejector unit engagement portion is a groove (60) in an outer surface of the cushion segment (30) to accommodate the expandable ejector unit (50).
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP19188801.5A EP3771492B1 (en) | 2019-07-29 | 2019-07-29 | Liner segment for a gyratory or cone crusher |
| EP19188801 | 2019-07-29 |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN112295652A CN112295652A (en) | 2021-02-02 |
| CN112295652B true CN112295652B (en) | 2023-08-18 |
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ID=67514317
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202021538017.XU Withdrawn - After Issue CN213996009U (en) | 2019-07-29 | 2020-07-29 | Gyratory crusher, cone crusher and liner segment therefor |
| CN202010744918.2A Active CN112295652B (en) | 2019-07-29 | 2020-07-29 | Liner segment for gyratory crusher or cone crusher |
Family Applications Before (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202021538017.XU Withdrawn - After Issue CN213996009U (en) | 2019-07-29 | 2020-07-29 | Gyratory crusher, cone crusher and liner segment therefor |
Country Status (5)
| Country | Link |
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| EP (1) | EP3771492B1 (en) |
| CN (2) | CN213996009U (en) |
| AU (1) | AU2020322154B2 (en) |
| CL (1) | CL2022000227A1 (en) |
| WO (1) | WO2021018959A1 (en) |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP3771492B1 (en) * | 2019-07-29 | 2024-05-15 | Metso Finland Oy | Liner segment for a gyratory or cone crusher |
| EP4029609A1 (en) * | 2021-01-18 | 2022-07-20 | Metso Outotec Finland Oy | Wear liner element for a grinding mill |
| EP4029732A1 (en) * | 2021-01-18 | 2022-07-20 | Metso Outotec Finland Oy | Wear liner element for a truck haul body |
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- 2020-07-29 CN CN202021538017.XU patent/CN213996009U/en not_active Withdrawn - After Issue
- 2020-07-29 CN CN202010744918.2A patent/CN112295652B/en active Active
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Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| AU2020322154B2 (en) | 2022-06-16 |
| CN112295652A (en) | 2021-02-02 |
| CL2022000227A1 (en) | 2023-02-24 |
| EP3771492B1 (en) | 2024-05-15 |
| EP3771492A1 (en) | 2021-02-03 |
| AU2020322154A1 (en) | 2022-03-17 |
| WO2021018959A1 (en) | 2021-02-04 |
| CN213996009U (en) | 2021-08-20 |
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