CN112293575A - 一种提高绒山羊母羊繁殖性能的复合饲料添加剂及制备方法 - Google Patents
一种提高绒山羊母羊繁殖性能的复合饲料添加剂及制备方法 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
一种提高绒山羊母羊繁殖性能的复合饲料添加剂及制备方法，属于饲料领域。本发明采用的复合饲料添加剂包括以下质量百分含量原料：10％‑15％的黄芪，11％‑16％的杜仲，9％‑12％的淫羊藿，7％‑10％的菟丝子，11％‑14％的黄芩，6％‑11％的枸杞子，0.4％‑1.2％的蛋氨酸螯合锰，20％‑26％的过瘤胃葡萄糖，0.1％‑0.3％的过瘤胃维生素E，9％‑15％的玉米面。本发明中的添加剂能够调控舍饲绒山羊母羊激素分泌水平，促进母羊发情排卵，提高母羊配种妊娠率和产活率羔，降低舍饲母羊空怀率，从而提高母羊繁殖性能。
Description
技术领域
本发明属于饲料领域，具体涉及一种提高绒山羊母羊繁殖性能的复合饲料添加剂及制备方法。
背景技术
当前，在绒山羊生产的主要方式是舍饲圈养，与放牧或半舍饲方式相比舍饲圈养的绒山羊采食饲料种类减少、运动减少，生产中一般都与公羊分圈舍饲养，公羊对母羊的刺激作用降低，造成舍饲母羊发情、排卵效果不显著，一次配种的妊娠率不高，总体繁殖成活率不高等。
发明内容
针对上述不足，本发明提供一种提高绒山羊母羊繁殖性能的复合饲料添加剂，该添加剂能够调控舍饲绒山羊母羊激素分泌水平，促进母羊发情排卵，提高母羊配种妊娠率和产活率羔，降低舍饲母羊空怀率，从而达到提高母羊繁殖性能的目的。
本发明解决技术问题采用的复合饲料添加剂包括以下质量百分含量原料：10％-15％的黄芪，11％-16％的杜仲，9％-12％的淫羊藿，7％-10％的菟丝子，11％-14％的黄芩，6％-11％的枸杞子，0.4％-1.2％的蛋氨酸螯合锰，20％-26％的过瘤胃葡萄糖，0.1％-0.3％的过瘤胃维生素E，9％-15％的辅料(玉米面)。
优选的，黄芪占总重量的13.33％、杜仲占总重量的13.33％、淫羊藿占总重量的11.12％、菟丝子占总重量的8.89％、黄芩占总重量的11.11％、枸杞子占总重量的8.89％、蛋氨酸螯合锰占总重量的0.67％、过瘤胃葡萄糖占总重量22.22％、过瘤胃维生素E占总重量0.23％、辅料(玉米面)占总重量的10.21％。
本发明同时保护一种提高绒山羊母羊繁殖性能的复合饲料添加剂的制备方法，该方法的步骤如下：
(1)称取总质量为10％-15％的黄芪、11％-16％的杜仲、9％-12％的淫羊藿、7％-10％的菟丝子、11％-14％的黄芩、6％-11％的枸杞子分别在烘箱中60-80℃烘干至含水量小于0.5％，再用粉碎机分别粉碎至40目筛混合形成预混料A；
(2)称取总质量为0.4％-1.2％的蛋氨酸螯合锰、20％-26％的过瘤胃蒲萄萄、0.1％-0.3％的过瘤胃维生素E与9％-15％的玉米面混合均匀形成预混料B；
(3)将预混料A与预混料B混合均匀。使用内部镀铝亚光的铝箔袋分装，封口后放置在4℃-15℃的阴凉处保存。
本发明同时保护一种饲料的使用方法，该方法将本饲料添加剂按照每只母羊每天20克的数量混合在精料中饲喂。
原理：黄芪含有2,4-二羟基-6,6-二甲氧基异黄酮、胆碱、甜菜碱、葡萄糖醛酸等活性成分以及钙磷铁等矿物质元素。具有补中益气、固表止汗、利水消肿等功效。有增强免疫力、抗氧化延缓衰老、抗病毒的作用，能促进机体造血，抑制子宫平滑肌紧张。杜仲含杜仲胶、右旋松脂醇二葡萄糖苷、去羟栀子苷、杜仲醇、抗菌蛋白、杜仲多糖等活性成分。具有安胎暖宫、补肝肾、强筋骨的功效；有降低胆固醇、降压、镇静镇痛、抗菌抗病毒抗炎的作用，可兴奋中枢神经。淫羊藿含有淫羊藿苷、植物甾醇、挥发油、蜡醇、鞣质等活性成分，具有温肾壮阳、祛风除湿的功效，有雄激素样作用，可增强机体免疫力、降糖降脂降压、抗炎等作用，可促进畜禽性腺发育，催情促排卵。菟丝子含槲皮素、菟丝子苷、对-香豆酸等活性成分，同时含有铜、铁、硒、锰等喂量元素以及缬氨酸、亮氨酸和蛋氨酸等必需氨基酸。具有滋补肝肾、固精缩尿、安胎明目的功效。有粗性腺发育、增强免疫力、强心、降压和延缓衰老的作用，尤其对延缓母畜生殖器官退化效果明显。黄芩含黄芩素、黄芩苷、5,8-二羟基-6,7-二甲氧基黄酮、黄芩苷甲酯、豆油甾醇等多种活性成分；具有清热燥湿、清肺泻火、清热解毒、安泰止血等功效；有抗微生物和变态反应、降压镇静、保肝利胆的作用；可促进母畜排卵，促进子宫健康。枸杞子含有枸杞多糖、枸杞子糖蛋白、胡萝卜素、硫胺素、核黄素、盐酸、苏氨酸、缬氨酸等多种有效成分，具有养阴补血、益精明目的功效。能增强机体免疫力、降糖降脂抗氧化、促进造血功能等作用，对体外培养的滋养层细胞有营养和保护作用。
锰是动物体内必需的微量元素，通过精氨酸激酶、氨酰基脯氨酸酶、丙酮酸梭化酶等参与蛋白质、糖类的代谢和胆固醇的合成，缺锰时胆固醇及其前体合成受阻会引起性激素合成障碍。锰还是超氧化物歧化酶的组成成分，在机体抗氧化体系内发挥重要作用。有蛋氨酸锰属于机微量元素，其生物利用率高于无机锰，可以节约微量元素添加量减少环境污染。
过瘤胃葡萄糖是母畜能量来源中最高效快捷的方式，通过过瘤胃保护作用将葡萄糖直接运送到小肠内吸收，避免瘤胃微生物的破坏作用。在母畜空怀期补饲一定数量的葡萄糖可迅速提高血浆葡萄糖水平，提升动物机体能量共给效率。
维生素E是一种脂溶性维生素，水解产物为生育酚，能促进动物性激素分泌，提高母畜雌激素水平，促进发情排卵。同时维生素E又具有抗氧化功能，能抑制机体脂质过氧化反应对维持家畜生殖器官的健康有突出效果。
有益效果：本发明中的添加剂能够调控舍饲绒山羊母羊激素分泌水平，促进母羊发情排卵，提高母羊配种妊娠率和产活率羔，降低舍饲母羊空怀率，从而提高母羊繁殖性能。
具体实施方式
下面结合实施例对本发明作进一步说明。
实施例1
本实施例中黄芪占总重量的13.33％、杜仲占总重量的13.33％、淫羊藿占总重量的11.12％、菟丝子占总重量的8.89％、黄芩占总重量的11.11％、枸杞子占总重量的8.89％、蛋氨酸螯合锰占总重量的0.67％、过瘤胃葡萄糖占总重量22.22％、过瘤胃维生素E占总重量0.23％、辅料(玉米面)占总重量的10.21％。
其制备方法是：选取优质的中药饮片黄芪、当归、淫羊藿、菟丝子、黄芩、枸杞子，分别在烘箱中烘干至含水量小于0.5％，再用粉碎机分别粉碎并过40目筛。再选取锰含量为15％的蛋氨酸螯合锰、过瘤胃葡萄糖、维生素E含量为50％的过瘤胃维生素E、以及玉米面，分别按照上述质量比例称量各种原料。将上述黄芪、杜仲、淫羊藿、菟丝子、黄芩、枸杞子按比例先预混合均匀形成预混料1。将蛋氨酸螯合锰、过瘤胃蒲萄萄糖、过瘤胃维生素E与玉米面混合均匀形成预混料2；再将预混料1与预混料2共同混合均匀。使用内部镀铝亚光的铝箔袋分装，每袋20g，封口后放置在4℃-15℃的阴凉处保存。
实施例2
称取总质量为11.7％的黄芪、11％的杜仲、9％的淫羊藿、7％的菟丝子、14％的黄芩、11％的枸杞子分别在烘箱中60℃烘干至含水量小于0.5％，再用粉碎机分别粉碎至40目筛混合形成预混料A；称取总质量为1％的蛋氨酸螯合锰、20％的过瘤胃蒲萄萄糖、0.3％的过瘤胃维生素E与15％的玉米面混合均匀形成预混料B；将预混料A与预混料B混合均匀。使用内部镀铝亚光的铝箔袋分装，封口后放置在4℃的阴凉处保存。
实施例3
称取总质量为15％的黄芪、16％的杜仲、10.5％的淫羊藿、10％的菟丝子、11％的黄芩、6％的枸杞子分别在烘箱中80℃烘干至含水量小于0.5％，再用粉碎机分别粉碎至40目筛混合形成预混料A；称取总质量为0.4％的蛋氨酸螯合锰、22％的过瘤胃蒲萄萄糖、0.1％的过瘤胃维生素E与9％的玉米面混合均匀形成预混料B；将预混料A与预混料B混合均匀。使用内部镀铝亚光的铝箔袋分装，封口后放置在15℃的阴凉处保存。
实施例4
称取总质量为12.2％的黄芪、13％的杜仲、9％的淫羊藿、10％的菟丝子、11％的黄芩、9％的枸杞子分别在烘箱中70℃烘干至含水量小于0.5％，再用粉碎机分别粉碎至40目筛混合形成预混料A；称取总质量为0.6％的蛋氨酸螯合锰、23％的过瘤胃蒲萄萄糖、0.2％的过瘤胃维生素E与12％的玉米面混合均匀形成预混料B；将预混料A与预混料B混合均匀。使用内部镀铝亚光的铝箔袋分装，封口后放置在10℃的阴凉处保存。
应用效果试验数据：选择40只年龄为2.50±0.25岁、体重为42.25±1.5千克的辽宁绒山羊空怀母羊，将其随机分为两组，每组20只，两组动物的饲料相同。在9月初至10月末，试验组在饲料中每天每只添加20克实施例1所述的饲料添加剂，对照组不添加，实验组经过饲喂45天后，经检测发现与对照组相比，试验组结果：
a.血清繁殖激素水平升高，试验组血清促卵泡素(FSH)含量为6.36IU/L,比对照组增加0.85IU/L,提高了15.45％；血清促黄体素(LH)含量为1.72ug/l，比对照组增加0.71ug/l，提高了70.29％；血清雌激素(E2)含量42.19ug/l,比对照组增加21.83ug/l，提高了89.61％。
b.机体抗氧化能力提高，表现为血清谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶活性提高了21.02％；过氧化氢酶活性提高了26.57％、铜-锌超氧化物歧化酶活性提高62.45％。
c.母羊发情率和配种率提高，实验组母羊发情率达到95％，第一情期受胎率达到100％；对照组母羊发情率为85％，第一情期受胎率为94.12％，实验组发情率和第一情期受胎率均高于对照组。
上述实施例只是用于对本发明的举例和说明，而非意在将本发明限制于所描述的实施例范围内。此外本领域技术人员可以理解的是，本发明不局限于上述实施例，根据本发明的教导还可以做出更多种的变型和修改，这些变型和修改均落在本发明所要求保护的范围内。
Claims (6)
1.一种提高绒山羊母羊繁殖性能的复合饲料添加剂，其特征在于，该添加剂包括以下质量百分含量原料：10％-15％的黄芪，11％-16％的杜仲，9％-12％的淫羊藿，7％-10％的菟丝子，11％-14％的黄芩，6％-11％的枸杞子，0.4％-1.2％的蛋氨酸螯合锰，20％-26％的过瘤胃葡萄糖，0.1％-0.3％的过瘤胃维生素E，9％-15％的玉米面。
2.根据权利要求1所述的一种提高绒山羊母羊繁殖性能的复合饲料添加剂，其特征在于，该添加剂包括以下质量百分含量原料：黄芪占总重量的13.33％，杜仲占总重量的13.33％，淫羊藿占总重量的11.12％，菟丝子占总重量的8.89％，黄芩占总重量的11.11％，枸杞子占总重量的8.89％，蛋氨酸螯合锰占总重量的0.67％，过瘤胃葡萄糖占总重量22.22％，过瘤胃维生素E占总重量0.23％，玉米面占总重量的10.21％。
3.一种权利要求1所述的复合饲料添加剂的制备方法，其特征在于，该方法的该方法的步骤如下：
(1)称取总质量为10％-15％的黄芪、11％-16％的杜仲、9％-12％的淫羊藿、7％-10％的菟丝子、11％-14％的黄芩、6％-11％的枸杞子分别在烘箱中烘干，再用粉碎机分别粉碎至40目筛混合形成预混料A；
(2)称取总质量为0.4％-1.2％的蛋氨酸螯合锰、20％-26％的过瘤胃蒲萄萄糖、0.1％-0.3％的过瘤胃维生素E与9％-15％的玉米面混合均匀形成预混料B；
(3)将预混料A与预混料B混合均匀。使用内部镀铝亚光的铝箔袋分装，封口后放置在阴凉处保存。
4.根据权利要求3所述的一种提高绒山羊母羊繁殖性能的复合饲料添加剂的制备方法，其特征在于，步骤(1)中的烘干指烘箱中60-80℃烘干至含水量小于0.5％。
5.根据权利要求3所述的一种提高绒山羊母羊繁殖性能的复合饲料添加剂的制备方法，其特征在于，步骤(3)中阴凉处指4℃-15℃的阴凉处。
6.一种权利要求1所述的饲料添加剂的使用方法，其特征在于，将饲料添加剂按照每只母羊每天20克的数量混合在精料中饲喂。
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