CN112290622B - Energy distribution method, equipment and medium for automobile hybrid energy storage system - Google Patents
Energy distribution method, equipment and medium for automobile hybrid energy storage system Download PDFInfo
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- CN112290622B CN112290622B CN202011116765.3A CN202011116765A CN112290622B CN 112290622 B CN112290622 B CN 112290622B CN 202011116765 A CN202011116765 A CN 202011116765A CN 112290622 B CN112290622 B CN 112290622B
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
- H02J7/0047—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries with monitoring or indicating devices or circuits
- H02J7/0048—Detection of remaining charge capacity or state of charge [SOC]
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L58/00—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles
- B60L58/10—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries
- B60L58/12—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries responding to state of charge [SoC]
- B60L58/13—Maintaining the SoC within a determined range
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- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06N—COMPUTING ARRANGEMENTS BASED ON SPECIFIC COMPUTATIONAL MODELS
- G06N3/00—Computing arrangements based on biological models
- G06N3/004—Artificial life, i.e. computing arrangements simulating life
- G06N3/006—Artificial life, i.e. computing arrangements simulating life based on simulated virtual individual or collective life forms, e.g. social simulations or particle swarm optimisation [PSO]
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- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06N—COMPUTING ARRANGEMENTS BASED ON SPECIFIC COMPUTATIONAL MODELS
- G06N3/00—Computing arrangements based on biological models
- G06N3/12—Computing arrangements based on biological models using genetic models
- G06N3/126—Evolutionary algorithms, e.g. genetic algorithms or genetic programming
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
- H02J7/34—Parallel operation in networks using both storage and other dc sources, e.g. providing buffering
- H02J7/345—Parallel operation in networks using both storage and other dc sources, e.g. providing buffering using capacitors as storage or buffering devices
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J2207/00—Indexing scheme relating to details of circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
- H02J2207/50—Charging of capacitors, supercapacitors, ultra-capacitors or double layer capacitors
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
- Y02T10/70—Energy storage systems for electromobility, e.g. batteries
Abstract
The invention discloses an energy distribution method, equipment and a medium of an automobile hybrid energy storage system, wherein the method comprises the following steps: judging the driving style of the driver according to the average acceleration, the average deceleration and the acceleration and deceleration frequency of the driver in multiple historical driving, wherein the driving style can be an aggressive type, a standard type and a cool and quiet type; calculating the average current of the lithium battery driven automobile according to the average power value of the automobile in historical driving and the average voltage value of the lithium battery platform area; setting corresponding lithium battery logic threshold current for the driver to drive the automobile based on the average current according to different driving styles of the driver; and controlling the working current of a lithium battery and a super capacitor in the automobile hybrid energy storage system based on the set logic threshold current of the lithium battery. The invention can prolong the service life of the lithium battery in the hybrid energy storage system of the electric automobile and reduce the energy consumption of the hybrid energy storage system.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of energy storage of electric automobiles, in particular to an energy distribution method, equipment and medium of an automobile hybrid energy storage system considering a driving style.
Background
As one of core technologies of electric vehicles, batteries have been developed rapidly, and increasingly higher requirements are made on battery technologies. The lithium battery is the power battery with the largest market share at present, and the reason is that the lithium battery has three main advantages compared with a lead-acid storage battery and a nickel-metal hydride battery: firstly, the energy density is high; secondly, the energy conversion rate is high; thirdly, the self-discharge rate is small. Although lithium batteries satisfy the demand for high energy density of electric vehicles, they cannot satisfy the demand for high power density. When the electric automobile is frequently subjected to the conditions of acceleration, climbing, emergency stop and the like which need high-power discharge, the lithium battery is forced to be subjected to output and input of high instantaneous power, and the capacity of the lithium battery is attenuated, so that the service life of the whole lithium battery is influenced.
Therefore, it becomes a feasible method to combine the super capacitor with high power density and the lithium battery into a hybrid energy storage system to exert their respective advantages. Then the reasonable energy distribution method becomes the key point and difficulty of the hybrid energy storage system of the electric vehicle.
Currently, commonly used energy allocation strategies are mainly classified into rule-based methods and optimization-based methods. Rule-based methods include logic threshold control, filtering, fuzzy control, etc., which are straightforward but the distribution effect depends on the established rules. The optimization-based method comprises methods such as dynamic planning, neural network and model prediction, and the method has good distribution effect, high calculation cost and poor real-time performance. Therefore, a hybrid energy storage system allocation strategy which can achieve a good allocation effect and is simple, effective and convenient to achieve is an urgent problem to be solved.
Meanwhile, the current electric automobile still cannot be separated from the driving of people, and the driving style of people can generate non-negligible influence on the energy consumption of the electric automobile. The current distribution strategies of hybrid energy storage systems do not take into account the factors of the driver's driving style. Therefore, how to introduce the driving style of the driver into the distribution strategy of the hybrid energy storage system becomes a problem to be considered.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to overcome at least one of the defects of the energy distribution method of the automobile hybrid energy storage system in the prior art, the invention provides the energy distribution method, the equipment and the medium of the automobile hybrid energy storage system considering the driving style, so that the service life of a lithium battery in the electric automobile hybrid energy storage system can be prolonged, and the energy consumption of the hybrid energy storage system can be reduced.
In order to achieve the technical purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
an energy distribution method of an automobile hybrid energy storage system considering driving style comprises the following steps:
step 1, judging the driving style of a driver according to the average acceleration, the average deceleration and the acceleration and deceleration frequency of the driver in multiple historical driving, wherein the driving style can be a radical type, a standard type and a cool and quiet type;
step 2, calculating the average current I of the lithium battery-driven automobile according to the average power value of the automobile in historical driving and the average voltage value of the lithium battery platform areaave；
Step 3, according to different driving styles of drivers and based on average current IaveSetting corresponding lithium battery logic threshold current I for the driver to drive the automobilelog：
Ilog＝Iave+α；
In the formula, alpha is a lithium battery logic threshold current adjustment parameter; if the driving style of the driver is aggressive, alpha is less than 0; if the driving style of the driver is a standard type, alpha is 0; if the driving style of the driver is a cold and quiet type, alpha is greater than 0;
and 4, controlling the working current of a lithium battery and a super capacitor in the automobile hybrid energy storage system based on the set logic threshold current of the lithium battery.
In a more preferred embodiment, step 3 further comprises: setting a corresponding super capacitor SOC working range for the driver to drive the automobile according to different driving styles of the driver; if the driving style of a driver is a standard type, setting the SOC working range of the super capacitor according to a common standard; if the driving style of a driver is aggressive, expanding the SOC working range of the super capacitor on the basis of a common standard; if the driving style of a driver is a cold and quiet type, on the basis of a common standard, the SOC working range of the super capacitor is reduced; and 4, controlling the working current of the lithium battery and the super capacitor in the automobile hybrid energy storage system, and considering the SOC working range of the super capacitor while the logic threshold current of the lithium battery is based.
In a more preferable technical scheme, the common standard of the super capacitor SOC working range is 0.5U to 0.9U, namely the super capacitor SOC working range with the driving style of standard type is set to be 0.5U to 0.9U; the SOC working range of the super capacitor with the driving style of being aggressive is set to be 0.4U to U; the SOC working range of the super capacitor with the driving style of being cold and static is set to be 0.6U to 0.8U.
In a more preferred technical solution, the determination method of the lithium battery logic threshold current adjustment parameter α is as follows:
when the driving style of a driver is aggressive, the driving style is optimized by taking reduction of capacity attenuation of the lithium battery as a target;
when the driving style of a driver is a cold and quiet type, the energy consumption of the hybrid energy storage system is reduced and optimized;
the optimization algorithm adopts dynamic programming, a genetic algorithm, model predictive control or a particle swarm optimization algorithm.
In a more preferred technical scheme, in step 4, the control method for controlling the working current of the lithium battery and the super capacitor specifically comprises the following steps:
collecting the voltage of a lithium battery and the state of charge (SOC) of a super capacitor in real time;
obtaining the current demand current I of the automobiledemJudging whether the value is greater than 0;
if the current required current I of the automobiledemAnd (3) less than or equal to 0, namely the automobile is in a braking mode at present, and at the moment, whether the SOC of the super capacitor is less than the maximum value of the working range is judged: if the current is less than the current I required by the automobiledemCharging the super capacitor; if the current is not less than the current I required by the automobiledemCharging the lithium battery and ensuring that the voltage of the lithium battery exceeds the upper limit voltage value U of the platform area of the lithium battery1When the charging is finished, the lithium battery is stopped to be charged;
if the current required current I of the automobiledemIf the driving mode is larger than 0, namely the automobile is in the driving mode currently, the following judgment is continuously carried out:
1) judging whether the automobile is started at present by judging whether the automobile speed is 0: if the automobile is started at present, the super capacitor discharges and provides all required current, then the lithium battery starts to discharge and the discharge current is slowly increased, the discharge current of the super capacitor is slowly reduced, and the lithium battery and the super capacitor discharge together to provide all required current; otherwise, executing the next judgment;
2) judging whether the voltage of the lithium battery is larger than the lower limit voltage value U of the platform area2: if the current is less than the preset value, the super capacitor discharges and provides all required current; otherwise, executing the next judgment;
3) judging whether the SOC of the super capacitor is smaller than the minimum value of the working range: if the current is less than the preset value, the lithium battery discharges and provides all required current, and the super capacitor is not charged or discharged; otherwise, executing the next judgment;
4) judging whether the required current is constant: if yes, the lithium battery discharges and provides all required current; otherwise, executing the next judgment;
5) judging whether the required current is larger than the logic threshold current of the lithium battery: if yes, the lithium battery discharges with the logic threshold current thereof to provide partial required current, and the rest required current is provided by the discharge of the super capacitor; otherwise, executing the next judgment;
6) judging whether the SOC of the super capacitor is smaller than the maximum value of the working range: if the current is less than the preset threshold value, the lithium battery discharges with the logic threshold current to provide all required current, and the rest discharge current is used for charging super current; otherwise, the lithium battery discharges to provide all required current, and the super capacitor is not charged or discharged.
In a more preferred technical solution, the topology of the hybrid energy storage system of the vehicle includes: the system comprises a lithium battery, a super capacitor, a bidirectional DC/DC converter, a switch, a diode and a DC/AC inverter; the movable end of the switch is connected with the super capacitor or the lithium battery, the fixed end of the switch is connected with the first end of the bidirectional DC/DC converter, and the second end of the bidirectional DC/DC converter is connected with the first end of the DC/AC inverter; the lithium battery is also connected with the anode of the diode, so that the lithium battery is connected with the first end of the DC/AC inverter after the diode is connected in series; and the second end of the DC/AC inverter is connected with the motor of the automobile.
The present invention also provides an electronic device, including a memory and a processor, where the memory stores a computer program, and the electronic device is characterized in that when the computer program is executed by the processor, the processor is enabled to implement any of the above-mentioned method technical solutions.
The present invention also provides a computer-readable storage medium, on which a computer program is stored, which, when executed by a processor, implements any of the above-described method aspects.
Advantageous effects
Compared with the energy distribution strategy of the conventional automobile hybrid energy storage system, the energy distribution method has the following advantages:
(1) the corresponding lithium battery logic threshold current is set in consideration of the style of a driver, so that a more flexible energy distribution method is provided for the automobile hybrid energy storage system, and the energy distribution of the hybrid energy storage system is more reasonable and effective. For aggressive drivers, the discharge current multiplying power of the lithium battery can be effectively reduced, and the service life of the lithium battery is prolonged. For a cold-quiet driver, the starting frequency of the DC/DC converter is reduced, and the energy consumption of the hybrid energy storage system is reduced
(2) When distributing the working current of lithium batteries and super capacitor in the hybrid energy storage system of automobile, still set up the super capacitor working range that corresponds according to driving style simultaneously, can effectively utilize super capacitor's energy under the condition of avoiding super capacitor and lithium battery SOC to overcharge and overdischarge, and then satisfied hybrid energy storage system of electric automobile simultaneously to high energy density and high power density's demand.
(3) The super capacitor is only independently output at the starting stage of automobile starting, so that the lithium battery can start to discharge slowly, and sudden change of the discharge current of the lithium battery during starting is avoided.
(4) Considering that the whole service life of the battery pack is related to the charging and discharging consistency of each single battery, the multi-mode control method for the lithium battery and the super capacitor can reduce the fluctuation of the working current of the lithium battery, ensure the output of constant current of the quality change as much as possible, realize the effect of prolonging the service life of the single lithium battery and the consistency control of the lithium battery pack, and ensure the robustness under the condition of inaccurate power consumption prediction.
(5) The improved semi-active topological structure can adopt a switch to be switched to a lithium battery to collect braking energy when the super capacitor is fully charged during braking recovery.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a structural diagram of an improved semi-active topology structure adopted in the embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of energy distribution introducing the driving style of the driver according to the embodiment of the invention.
Fig. 3 is a flowchart of the step 4 of controlling the operating current according to the embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The embodiment is developed based on the technical scheme of the present invention, and a detailed implementation manner and a specific operation process are given, so as to further explain the technical scheme of the present invention.
The embodiment provides an energy distribution method of a hybrid energy storage system of an automobile considering a driving style, which is used for distributing energy of the hybrid energy storage system of the automobile. The hybrid energy storage system of the vehicle in this embodiment adopts an improved semi-active topology structure, as shown in fig. 1, including: the system comprises a lithium battery, a super capacitor, a bidirectional DC/DC converter, a switch, a diode and a DC/AC inverter; the movable end of the switch is connected with the super capacitor or the lithium battery, the fixed end of the switch is connected with the first end of the bidirectional DC/DC converter, and the second end of the bidirectional DC/DC converter is connected with the first end of the DC/AC inverter; the lithium battery is also connected with the anode of the diode, so that the lithium battery is connected with the first end of the DC/AC inverter after the diode is connected in series; and the second end of the DC/AC inverter is connected with the motor of the automobile.
The lithium battery is directly connected with the DC/AC inverter, and the advantage of high specific energy is exerted to provide stable energy for the motor. The diode between the lithium battery and the inverter ensures that the lithium battery only outputs current from the path, and the current recovered by braking cannot flow into the lithium battery through the path. The switch K is connected with a super capacitor under normal conditions, and the super capacitor is connected with the DC/DC converter in series through the switch K and then is connected with the lithium battery in parallel to be connected into the DC/AC inverter. The output of the super capacitor is regulated by the DC/DC converter, and the energy recovered by braking is charged to the super capacitor or the lithium battery only through the DC/DC converter. When the SOC of the super capacitor reaches the upper limit of the working range, the switch K is connected with the lithium battery, and the lithium battery recovers braking energy.
The energy distribution method of the automobile hybrid energy storage system considering the driving style in this embodiment is shown in fig. 2, and specifically includes the following steps:
step 1, judging the driving style of a driver according to characteristic parameters related to energy consumption, such as average acceleration, average deceleration, acceleration and deceleration frequency and the like of the driver in multiple historical driving, wherein the driving style can be an aggressive type, a standard type and a cool and quiet type.
In this embodiment, the driving style determination method may obtain a driving style classifier through learning by using a large data sample related to the characteristic parameter by using methods such as fuzzy logic, neural network, and the like, and then determine the driving style by using the classifier. Since the data classification by methods such as fuzzy logic, neural network, etc. is a mature technology, the invention does not describe any further on how to train the classifier by using sample data.
Step 2, calculating the average current I of the lithium battery-driven automobile according to the average power value of the automobile in historical driving and the average voltage value of the lithium battery platform areaave。
The method for acquiring the average power value of the historical running of the automobile comprises the following steps: the total energy consumption of the running is estimated by the distance of the driver input travel destination and the combination of road conditions and the predicted vehicle speed, so that the total energy consumption of the running is estimated through a formula
Evaluating the average power value, W, of a vehicle during a history of travelpredFor the estimated total energy consumption, t is the estimated time of travel.
The method for acquiring the average voltage value of the lithium battery platform area comprises the following steps: when the lithium battery discharges in a constant current mode, the voltage change of the platform area of the lithium battery is smaller than 1V, so that the voltage of the lithium battery is constant. Therefore, the stability of the output power can be ensured by controlling the constant current discharge of the lithium battery and taking the voltage range of the platform area as the working voltage range of the lithium battery. The average current I was calculated by the following formulaave：
Wherein U isaveThe average voltage of the platform area during constant current discharge of the lithium battery. Then with IaveWhen the logic threshold value is used, the output power of the lithium battery can be ensured not to exceed Pave。
Step 3, according to different driving styles of drivers and based on average current IaveSetting corresponding lithium battery logic threshold current I for the driver to drive the automobilelog：
Ilog＝Iave+α；
In the formula, alpha is a lithium battery logic threshold current adjustment parameter; if the driving style of the driver is aggressive, alpha is less than 0; if the driving style of the driver is a standard type, alpha is 0; if the driving style of the driver is a cold and quiet type, alpha is greater than 0;
the determination method of the lithium battery logic threshold current adjustment parameter alpha comprises the following steps: when the driving style of a driver is aggressive, dynamic programming, a genetic algorithm, model predictive control or a particle swarm optimization algorithm is adopted, and the method is obtained by optimization with the aim of reducing the capacity attenuation of the lithium battery; when the driving style of a driver is a cold and quiet type, dynamic programming, a genetic algorithm, model predictive control or a particle swarm optimization algorithm are adopted, and the hybrid energy storage system is obtained by optimization with the aim of reducing the energy consumption of the hybrid energy storage system;
in addition, according to different driving styles of drivers, a corresponding super capacitor SOC working range is set for the driver to drive the automobile: if the driving style of the driver is standard, setting the SOC working range of the super capacitor to be 0.5U to 0.9U according to a common standard (in the embodiment, because the voltage of the super capacitor and the SOC form a simple functional relation, the voltage of the super capacitor is defined as U when the SOC is 1); if the driving style of a driver is aggressive, expanding the SOC working range of the super capacitor to be 0.4U to U on the basis of the common standard; if the driving style of the driver is a cold and quiet type, the SOC working range of the super capacitor is reduced to 0.6U to 0.8U on the basis of the common standard.
Specifically, when the working range of the super capacitor SOC is determined to be expanded, the increment can be obtained by the increment of the output electric quantity of the super capacitor in the maximum peak power, but the maximum discharge range of the super capacitor cannot be exceeded. Meanwhile, when the working range of the super capacitor SOC is reduced, the reduction is obtained according to the reduction of the output electric quantity of the super capacitor in the maximum peak power, but the reduction cannot be lower than the minimum discharge range of the super capacitor.
Step 4, setting the logic threshold current I of the lithium battery based onlogAnd meanwhile, the working range of the super capacitor SOC is considered, and the working current of the lithium battery and the super capacitor in the automobile hybrid energy storage system is controlled. Referring to fig. 3, the specific control method of the operating current is as follows:
acquiring the voltage of a lithium battery and the state of charge (SOC) of a super capacitor in real time; obtaining the current demand current I of the automobiledemJudging whether the value is greater than 0;
if the current required current I of the automobiledemAnd if the SOC value is less than 0, namely the automobile is in a braking mode at present, judging whether the SOC value of the super capacitor is less than the maximum value of the working range: if the SOC of the super capacitor is smaller than the maximum value of the working range, selecting a mode 5, namely using the current required current I of the automobiledemCharging the super capacitor; if the SOC of the super capacitor is not less than the maximum value of the working range, selecting a mode 6, namely using the current required current I of the automobiledemCharging the lithium battery, and simultaneously reducing the proportion eta of the braking energy recovery in the braking process, so that ILi_chaNot exceeding the maximum charging current of the lithium battery and exceeding the upper limit voltage value U of the platform area when the voltage of the lithium battery exceeds1Selecting a mode 9, namely stopping charging the lithium battery, wherein eta is 0;
if the current required current I of the automobiledemIf the driving mode is larger than 0, namely the automobile is in the driving mode currently, the following judgment is continuously carried out:
1) judging whether the automobile is started at present by judging whether the automobile speed is 0: if the automobile is started at present, selecting a mode 1, namely discharging by the super capacitor and providing all required current, then starting discharging by the lithium battery, slowly increasing the discharging current, slowly reducing the discharging current of the super capacitor, and discharging by the lithium battery and the super capacitor together to provide all required current; otherwise, executing the next judgment;
2) judging whether the voltage of the lithium battery is larger than the lower limit voltage value U of the platform area2: if the current is less than the preset value, selecting a mode 8, namely discharging the super capacitor and providing all required current; otherwise, executing the next judgment;
3) judging whether the SOC of the super capacitor is smaller than the minimum value of the working range: if the current is less than the preset value, selecting a mode 7, namely discharging the lithium battery and providing all required current, and enabling the super capacitor not to be charged or discharged; otherwise, executing the next judgment;
4) judging whether the required current is constant: if yes, selecting a mode 10, discharging the lithium battery and providing all required current; otherwise, executing the next judgment;
5) judging whether the required current is larger than the logic threshold current of the lithium battery: if yes, selecting a mode 4, namely discharging the lithium battery with the logic threshold current of the lithium battery to provide partial required current, and discharging the rest required current by the super capacitor to provide the rest required current; otherwise, executing the next judgment;
6) judging whether the SOC of the super capacitor is smaller than the maximum value of the working range: if the current is less than the preset value, selecting a mode 2, namely discharging the lithium battery by using the logic threshold current of the lithium battery to provide all required current, and charging the remaining discharge current for super current; otherwise, the mode 3 is selected, that is, the lithium battery discharges to provide the whole required current, and the super capacitor is not charged or discharged.
The above modes 1 to 10 are specifically implemented and summarized as follows:
mode 1: the super capacitor starts to discharge independently, and the discharge current I of the super capacitor at the momentSC_dis＝Idem. Then the lithium battery discharge current ILi_disSlowly increase, at this time Idem＝ILi_dis+ISC_dis；
Mode 2: i isLi_dis＝IlogCharging current I of super capacitorSC_cha＝Ilog-Idem；
Mode 3: i isLi_dis＝IdemSuper capacitor not charging ISC_cha＝0；
Mode 4: the lithium battery and the super capacitor are discharged simultaneously. Wherein ILi_dis＝Ilog，ISC_dis＝Idem-Ilog；
Mode 5: i isSC_cha＝Idem；
Mode 6: charging current I of lithium batteryLi_cha＝IdemMeanwhile, the proportion eta of the braking energy recovery in the braking process is reduced, namely the proportion of the electromagnetic braking force in the braking force is adjusted to be reduced, namely the exciting current is controlled so as to change the generating current of the motor, and the charging current I of the lithium battery is enabled to beLi_chaThe maximum charging current of the lithium battery is not exceeded;
mode 7: i isLi_dis＝Idem，ISC_dis＝0；
Mode 8: i isSC_did＝IdemThe speed v of the electric automobile is 20 km/h;
mode 9: the lithium battery and the super capacitor are not charged, and eta is 0;
mode 10: I.C. Alog＝Idem＝ILi_dis，ISC_dis＝0。
Wherein, ISC_disAnd ISC_chaDischarge current and charge current, I, of the supercapacitor, respectivelyLi_disAnd ILi_chaRespectively the discharging current and the charging current of the lithium battery;
when the modes 1, 2, 3 and 4 are selected, the output current of the battery can be maintained at the logic threshold current I as much as possible corresponding to the driving modelogSo as to reduce the change of current, and the rest current is provided or absorbed by the super capacitor; when the modes 5 and 6 are selected, corresponding to the braking mode, the energy recovered by braking is absorbed by the super capacitor as much as possible, and the super capacitor is absorbed by the lithium battery when the super capacitor is full of absorption; when the modes 7, 8, 9 and 10 are selected, corresponding to the safe mode, the mode which can ensure the safe driving of the electric automobile under some limit conditions does not belong to the mode commonly used by the allocation strategy, but is the emergency mode which is used for ensuring the safe driving of the electric automobile.
The invention further provides an electronic device, which includes a memory and a processor, where the memory stores a computer program, and the computer program is executed by the processor, so that the processor implements the energy distribution method of the hybrid energy storage system of the vehicle.
The present invention also provides a computer-readable storage medium, on which a computer program is stored, which, when being executed by a processor, implements the above-mentioned method for energy distribution of a hybrid energy storage system for a vehicle.
The above embodiments are preferred embodiments of the present application, and those skilled in the art can make various changes or modifications without departing from the general concept of the present application, and such changes or modifications should fall within the scope of the claims of the present application.
Claims (7)
1. An energy distribution method of a hybrid energy storage system of an automobile considering driving style is characterized by comprising the following steps:
step 1, judging the driving style of a driver according to the average acceleration, the average deceleration and the acceleration and deceleration frequency of the driver in multiple historical driving, wherein the driving style can be a radical type, a standard type and a cool and quiet type;
step 2, calculating the average current of the lithium battery-driven automobile according to the average power value of the automobile in historical driving and the average voltage value of the lithium battery platform area
；
Step 3, according to different driving styles of drivers and based on average current
Setting corresponding lithium battery logic threshold current for the driver to drive the automobile
：
In the formula (I), the compound is shown in the specification,
adjusting parameters for the logic threshold current of the lithium battery; if the driving style of the driver is aggressive, then
(ii) a If the driving style of the driver is standard type, then
(ii) a If the driving style of the driver is cold and quiet, then
；
Step 4, controlling the working current of a lithium battery and a super capacitor in the automobile hybrid energy storage system based on the set logic threshold current of the lithium battery;
the control method for controlling the working current of the lithium battery and the super capacitor specifically comprises the following steps:
acquiring the voltage of a lithium battery and the state of charge (SOC) of a super capacitor in real time;
obtaining the current demand current of the automobile
Judging whether the value is greater than 0;
if the current demand current of the automobile
And (3) less than or equal to 0, namely the automobile is in a braking mode at present, and at the moment, whether the SOC of the super capacitor is less than the maximum value of the working range is judged: if the current is less than the current demand of the automobile
Charging the super capacitor;if the current is not less than the current demand of the automobile
Charging the lithium battery, and when the voltage of the lithium battery exceeds the upper limit voltage value U of the platform area1When the charging is finished, the lithium battery is stopped to be charged;
if the current demand current of the automobile
If the driving mode is larger than 0, namely the automobile is in the driving mode currently, the following judgment is continuously carried out:
1) judging whether the automobile is started at present by judging whether the automobile speed is 0: if the automobile is started at present, the super capacitor discharges and provides all required current, then the lithium battery starts to discharge and the discharge current is slowly increased, the discharge current of the super capacitor is slowly reduced, and the lithium battery and the super capacitor discharge together to provide all required current; otherwise, executing the next judgment;
2) judging whether the voltage of the lithium battery is larger than the lower limit voltage value U of the platform area2: if the current is less than the preset value, the super capacitor discharges and provides all required current; otherwise, executing the next judgment;
3) judging whether the SOC of the super capacitor is smaller than the minimum value of the working range: if the current is less than the preset value, the lithium battery discharges and provides all required current, and the super capacitor is not charged or discharged; otherwise, executing the next judgment;
4) judging whether the required current is constant: if yes, the lithium battery discharges and provides all required current; otherwise, executing the next judgment;
5) judging whether the required current is larger than the logic threshold current of the lithium battery: if yes, the lithium battery discharges with the logic threshold current thereof to provide partial required current, and the rest required current is provided by the discharge of the super capacitor; otherwise, executing the next judgment;
6) judging whether the SOC of the super capacitor is smaller than the maximum value of the working range: if the current is less than the preset threshold value, the lithium battery discharges with the logic threshold current to provide all required current, and the rest discharge current is used for charging super current; otherwise, the lithium battery discharges to provide all required current, and the super capacitor is not charged or discharged.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein step 3 further comprises: setting a corresponding super capacitor SOC working range for the driver to drive the automobile according to different driving styles of the driver; if the driving style of a driver is a standard type, setting the SOC working range of the super capacitor according to a common standard; if the driving style of a driver is aggressive, expanding the SOC working range of the super capacitor on the basis of a common standard; if the driving style of a driver is a cold and quiet type, on the basis of a common standard, the SOC working range of the super capacitor is reduced; and 4, controlling the working current of the lithium battery and the super capacitor in the automobile hybrid energy storage system, wherein the SOC working range of the super capacitor is also considered while the logic threshold current of the lithium battery is based.
3. The method of claim 2, wherein the common standard of the super capacitor SOC working range is 0.5U to 0.9U, i.e. the super capacitor SOC working range with standard driving style is set to 0.5U to 0.9U; the SOC working range of the super capacitor with the driving style of being aggressive is set to be 0.4U to U; the SOC working range of the super capacitor with the driving style of being cold and static is set to be 0.6U to 0.8U.
4. The method of claim 1, wherein the lithium battery logic threshold current adjustment parameter
The determination method comprises the following steps:
when the driving style of a driver is aggressive, the driving style is optimized by taking reduction of capacity attenuation of the lithium battery as a target;
when the driving style of a driver is a cold and quiet type, the energy consumption of the hybrid energy storage system is reduced and optimized;
the optimization algorithm adopts dynamic programming, a genetic algorithm, model predictive control or a particle swarm optimization algorithm.
5. The method of claim 1, wherein the topology of the automotive hybrid energy storage system comprises: the system comprises a lithium battery, a super capacitor, a bidirectional DC/DC converter, a switch, a diode and a DC/AC inverter; the movable end of the switch is connected with the super capacitor or the lithium battery, the fixed end of the switch is connected with the first end of the bidirectional DC/DC converter, and the second end of the bidirectional DC/DC converter is connected with the first end of the DC/AC inverter; the lithium battery is also connected with the anode of the diode, so that the lithium battery is connected with the first end of the DC/AC inverter after the diode is connected in series; and the second end of the DC/AC inverter is connected with the motor of the automobile.
6. An electronic device comprising a memory and a processor, the memory having stored therein a computer program, wherein the computer program, when executed by the processor, causes the processor to implement the method of any of claims 1-5.
7. A computer-readable storage medium, on which a computer program is stored, which, when being executed by a processor, carries out the method according to any one of claims 1 to 5.
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