CN112286258A - Facility intelligent temperature difference regulation and control system and method based on tomato growth evaluation system - Google Patents
Facility intelligent temperature difference regulation and control system and method based on tomato growth evaluation system Download PDFInfo
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- G05—CONTROLLING; REGULATING
- G05D—SYSTEMS FOR CONTROLLING OR REGULATING NON-ELECTRIC VARIABLES
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- G05D23/20—Control of temperature characterised by the use of electric means with sensing elements having variation of electric or magnetic properties with change of temperature
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Abstract
The invention discloses a facility intelligent temperature difference regulation and control system and method based on a tomato growth evaluation system, which comprises a temperature monitoring module, an intelligent temperature control module and temperature adjusting equipment, wherein the temperature monitoring module and the temperature adjusting equipment are respectively and electrically connected with the intelligent temperature control module; the temperature monitoring module is used for measuring the temperature of the facility in real time and transmitting data, the intelligent temperature control module is used for receiving the data measured by the temperature monitoring module and sending an instruction to the temperature adjusting device, and the temperature adjusting device is used for starting temperature increasing management or temperature reducing management at night according to the instruction sent by the intelligent temperature control module. The technical effects achieved are as follows: by the system and the method for facility intelligent temperature difference regulation and control based on the tomato growth evaluation system, the day and night temperature difference in the tomato seedling stage is reasonably controlled, the use of growth regulation medicaments is reduced, strong seedlings are cultivated, excessive growth is prevented, fertilizer and pesticide conservation of the facility tomatoes is realized, and efficient clean cultivation is realized.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of plant growth temperature control systems, in particular to a facility intelligent temperature difference regulation and control system based on a tomato growth evaluation system, and further relates to a facility intelligent temperature difference regulation and control method based on the tomato growth evaluation system.
Background
The tomato is originally produced in south America and China, the years of Mingtian calendar are introduced into China for appreciation, although the planting and cultivation time in China is less than one hundred years, with the favor of consumers, the improvement and popularization of planting technology and the rapid expansion of planting area, the tomato is one of the most extensive crops in the cultivation area in China, the tomato is mostly planted in open field in south China, the tomato is mostly planted in protected field in northern area, and the facility agriculture meets the planting requirement of the anti-season production of the tomato; taking northern autumn stubble tomato planting as an example, the planting is mainly carried out from the middle and late ten days of 8 months to the beginning of 9 months, the seedling is pulled in the next year, the temperature change is obviously different from the open field due to the characteristics of the agricultural facility, the greenhouse effect in the facility is obvious on the whole, the heat preservation effect is good, and for the period from the seedling stage of northern autumn stubble tomato to one ear of flower, the temperature in the north is high in the daytime and good in the heat preservation property at night, so that the temperature in the facility has the characteristics of high temperature in the daytime and small temperature difference at night.
Tomato seedlings are sensitive to air temperature, high temperature threatens the aspects of plant morphology, vegetative growth, physiological metabolism and the like of the tomato seedlings, meanwhile, different day and night temperature differences under different days also influence the growth of the tomato seedlings to different degrees, and in the daily planting process, due to factors such as production cost, the tomato planting facilities after sunset mainly depend on natural cooling, the day and night temperature differences are lack of management, and the short-term sub-high temperature condition is not facilitated to be relieved in time; the temperature variation conditions in different facilities are different.
Therefore, the invention provides a technical method for tomato seedling stage temperature difference management based on facility temperature change characteristics, and aims to realize strong seedling cultivation, prevent excessive growth, reduce pesticide use and improve agricultural benefits.
Disclosure of Invention
Therefore, the invention provides a facility intelligent temperature difference regulation and control system based on a tomato growth evaluation system, which aims to solve the problems in the prior art, realize reasonable control of day and night temperature difference in a tomato seedling stage, reduce use of growth regulation and control medicaments, cultivate strong seedlings, prevent excessive growth, realize fertilizer and pesticide saving of facility tomatoes and realize efficient clean cultivation.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme:
according to a first aspect of the invention, a facility intelligent temperature difference regulation and control system based on a tomato growth evaluation system comprises a temperature monitoring module, an intelligent temperature control module and a temperature adjusting device, wherein the temperature monitoring module and the temperature adjusting device are respectively and electrically connected with the intelligent temperature control module; the temperature monitoring module is used for measuring the temperature of the facility in real time and transmitting data, the intelligent temperature control module is used for receiving the data measured by the temperature monitoring module and sending an instruction to the temperature adjusting device, and the temperature adjusting device is used for starting temperature increasing management or temperature reducing management at night according to the instruction sent by the intelligent temperature control module.
Furthermore, the temperature monitoring module comprises a temperature sensor and a data communication module, the temperature sensor is used for measuring the temperature of the facility in real time, and the data communication module is used for transmitting the data detected by the temperature sensor into the intelligent temperature control module.
Further, the intelligent temperature control module comprises a processor and a data storage module; the data storage module is used for storing a tomato seedling stage facility temperature difference model, a night previous 3-hour and night average temperature model and an optimal temperature difference regulation and control scheme at daytime temperature; the processor is used for receiving the temperature in the daytime, calculating the temperature average of the day before the sunset, calculating the estimated temperature difference at the night, judging whether to start temperature difference management three hours before the night or not by comparing the estimated temperature difference with the optimal temperature difference regulation and control scheme, and sending an instruction to the temperature regulation equipment.
Further, the temperature adjusting device comprises a temperature increasing device and a temperature reducing device, the temperature increasing device is used for performing temperature increasing operation according to the instruction sent by the processor, and the temperature reducing device is used for performing temperature reducing operation according to the instruction sent by the processor.
According to a second aspect of the present invention, a method for controlling a temperature difference of a facility based on a tomato growth evaluation system, which employs the system for controlling a temperature difference of a facility based on a tomato growth evaluation system according to any one of claims 1 to 4, comprises the following steps:
s100, selecting local common tomato planting facilities as temperature measurement objects, monitoring the temperature in the facilities by using a temperature sensor, measuring once every half hour, taking 15-21 days after planting of tomatoes of different stubbles as a measurement period, measuring and counting the daytime temperature and the nighttime temperature of each day, respectively carrying out temperature equalization calculation, calculating the temperature difference between day and night, and counting the temperature value ranges of the daytime temperature equalization and the temperature difference between day and night;
s200, performing regression analysis on the daytime temperature equilibrium and the day-night temperature difference, and establishing a regression model of the daytime temperature and the day-night temperature difference; meanwhile, carrying out regression analysis on the average temperature of the first 3 hours of the night temperature and the average temperature of the night temperature, and establishing a regression model;
s300, selecting tomato seedlings from five leaves during the period from one heart to one ear of flowers and buds as seedling stocks, taking the actual value ranges of daytime temperature and day-night temperature difference in tomato seedling facilities of different crops in a local area as experimental temperature ranges, and measuring growth indexes and physiological indexes of the tomato seedlings under different day-night temperature combinations after setting day-night temperature and time length;
s400, carrying out principal component analysis on tomato growth indexes and physiological indexes under different daytime temperatures and day and night temperature differences, determining principal component factors capable of reflecting the growth conditions of the tomato in the seedling stage, calculating the score and the comprehensive score of each principal component, obtaining the scores and the ranks of the comprehensive evaluation indexes of the tomato in the seedling stage under different temperature treatment, and obtaining the optimal day and night temperature difference values corresponding to the different daytime temperatures;
and S500, establishing a tomato seedling stage temperature difference regulation and control system.
Further, the measurement object in step S100 is not less than 3, and the same object is continuously measured for not less than 2 years; the specific measurement time is adjusted according to the bud emergence time of tomatoes of different crops and varieties so as to ensure that 90% of tomato seedlings in the facility enter the flowering phase, day and night are divided according to the daily rise and sunset time of the planting period of different crops, normal temperature management in the facility of the tomato seedling phase is carried out in the daytime, and temperature difference management measures are not taken at night.
Further, in step S300, the measurement time of the growth index and the physiological index is set for the artificial climate chamber and the 6 th hour of the daytime period.
Further, the growth indexes in step S300 and step S400 include the relative growth rate of plant height, the relative growth rate of stem thickness, the root-cap ratio, and the strong seedling index; the physiological indexes in step S300 and step S400 include photosynthetic rate, transpiration rate, leaf stomatal conductance, and water utilization rate.
Further, the plant height and the amount of stem growth were measured with a vernier caliper of 0.02 mm;
the method for measuring the plant height growth quantity is to measure the distance from the cotyledon implantation position at the base of the stem of the plant to the growth point at the top of the stem, and the plant height growth quantity is measured at 0 th day, 3 rd day, 6 th day, 9 th day, 12 th day and 15 th day of the beginning of the experiment;
the calculation formula of the relative growth rate of the plant height is as follows: vS＝(ln L2-ln L1)/(T2-T1) Wherein V isSHigh relative growth rate for tomato seedlings, L1、L2Plant height, T, measured twice1、T2Measuring the plant height for two times;
the stem thickness is measured by measuring the maximum diameter of cotyledon at the base of the stem of the plant at 0, 3, 6, 9, 12 and 15 days after the test;
the relative growth rate of the stem thickness is calculated by the formula: vZ＝(ln W2-ln W1)/(T2-T1) Wherein V isZIs the relative growth rate of the stem thickness of tomato seedlings, W1、W2The stem thickness was measured twice;
the dry weight measuring method comprises taking out tomato seedlings from a flowerpot on the 15 th day of the test, cleaning soil at the root, separating the root from the overground part of the plant, bagging the tomato seedlings respectively for deactivation of enzymes at 105 ℃ for 15min, drying the tomato seedlings for more than 24 hours at 80 ℃ to constant weight, placing a dryer to cool to room temperature, and weighing the dry weight of the root and the dry weight of the overground part respectively by using a balance scale with the precision of 0.01 g;
the root-to-crown ratio is calculated by the following formula: root cap ratio-dry matter weight of root/dry matter weight of aerial part;
the formula for calculating the strong seedling index is as follows: strong seedling index (stem thickness/plant height + root cap ratio) x dry weight.
Further, the physiological indexes are respectively carried out on the 0 th day, the 3 rd day, the 6 th day, the 9 th day, the 12 th day and the 15 th day of the experiment, a third fully-unfolded functional leaf with the upper top end downward is selected for each plant, each plant is measured for three times, and a professional photosynthetic determinator is adopted for carrying out the average value.
The invention has the following advantages:
1. temperature difference management is carried out based on a facility temperature difference model and a tomato seedling growth evaluation system, excessive growth and diseases in the seedling stage can be effectively prevented, the use of growth-controlling pesticides is effectively reduced, the pesticide and fertilizer are saved, and the agricultural production cost is reduced.
2. Can realize the intelligent management of tomato seedling stage difference in temperature at night, through the model operation, regard as the difference in temperature management period with 3 hours before night, can guarantee the difference in temperature management effect, can effectively control administrative cost again.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below. It should be apparent that the drawings in the following description are merely exemplary, and that other embodiments can be derived from the drawings provided by those of ordinary skill in the art without inventive effort.
The structures, ratios, sizes, and the like shown in the present specification are only used for matching with the contents disclosed in the specification, so as to be understood and read by those skilled in the art, and are not used to limit the conditions that the present invention can be implemented, so that the present invention has no technical significance, and any structural modifications, changes in the ratio relationship, or adjustments of the sizes, without affecting the effects and the achievable by the present invention, should still fall within the range that the technical contents disclosed in the present invention can cover.
Fig. 1 is a structural diagram of a facility intelligent temperature difference regulation and control system based on a tomato growth evaluation system according to some embodiments of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a structural diagram of a facility intelligent temperature difference regulation and control system based on a tomato growth evaluation system according to some embodiments of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a flowchart of a facility intelligent temperature difference control method based on a tomato growth evaluation system according to some embodiments of the present invention.
In the figure: 100. the temperature monitoring system comprises a temperature monitoring module, 110, a temperature sensor, 120, a data communication module, 200, an intelligent temperature control module, 210, a processor, 220, a data storage module, 300, temperature adjusting equipment, 310, heating equipment, 320 and cooling equipment.
Detailed Description
The present invention is described in terms of particular embodiments, other advantages and features of the invention will become apparent to those skilled in the art from the following disclosure, and it is to be understood that the described embodiments are merely exemplary of the invention and that it is not intended to limit the invention to the particular embodiments disclosed. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Example 1
As shown in fig. 1, the facility intelligent temperature difference regulation and control system based on the tomato growth evaluation system in this embodiment includes a temperature monitoring module 100, an intelligent temperature control module 200, and a temperature adjusting device 300, wherein the temperature monitoring module 100 and the temperature adjusting device 300 are respectively electrically connected to the intelligent temperature control module 200; the temperature monitoring module 100 is used for measuring the temperature of a facility in real time and transmitting data, the intelligent temperature control module 200 is used for receiving the data measured by the temperature monitoring module 100 and sending an instruction to the temperature adjusting device 300, and the temperature adjusting device 300 is used for starting temperature increasing management or temperature decreasing management at night according to the instruction sent by the intelligent temperature control module 200.
The technical effect that this embodiment reaches does: through the facility intelligence difference in temperature regulation and control system of tomato growth evaluation system of this embodiment, realize tomato seedling stage difference in temperature reasonable control round the clock, reduce growth regulation and control class medicament and use, cultivate strong seedling, prevent the spindly growth, realize facility tomato festival fertilizer festival medicine, high-efficient clean cultivation.
Example 2
As shown in fig. 2, the facility intelligent temperature difference control system based on the tomato growth evaluation system in this embodiment includes all the technical features of embodiment 1, in addition, the temperature monitoring module 100 includes a temperature sensor 110 and a data communication module 120, the temperature sensor 110 is used for measuring the facility temperature in real time, and the data communication module 120 is used for transmitting the data detected by the temperature sensor 110 to the intelligent temperature control module 200.
Optionally, the intelligent temperature control module 200 includes a processor 210 and a data storage module 220; the data storage module 220 is used for storing a tomato seedling stage facility temperature difference model, a night previous 3-hour and night average temperature model and an optimal temperature difference regulation and control scheme at daytime temperature; the processor 210 is configured to receive the daytime temperature, calculate the average temperature of the day before the sunset, calculate the estimated temperature difference at the night, determine whether to start the temperature difference management three hours before the night by comparing the estimated temperature difference with the optimal temperature difference control scheme, and send an instruction to the temperature adjustment device 300.
Optionally, the temperature adjustment device 300 includes a temperature increasing device 310 and a temperature decreasing device 320, where the temperature increasing device 310 is configured to perform a temperature increasing operation according to an instruction sent by the processor 210, and the temperature decreasing device 320 is configured to perform a temperature decreasing operation according to an instruction sent by the processor 210.
Example 3
As shown in fig. 3, in the intelligent temperature difference control method for a facility based on a tomato growth evaluation system in this embodiment, the intelligent temperature difference control system for a facility based on a tomato growth evaluation system in embodiment 1 or embodiment 2 is adopted, and the method specifically includes the following steps:
s100, selecting local common tomato planting facilities as temperature measurement objects, monitoring the temperature in the facilities by using a temperature sensor 110, measuring once every half hour, taking 15-21 days after planting of tomatoes of different stubbles as a measurement period, measuring and counting the daytime temperature and the nighttime temperature of each day, respectively carrying out temperature equalization calculation, calculating the temperature difference between day and night, and counting the temperature value ranges of the daytime temperature equalization and the temperature difference between day and night;
s200, performing regression analysis on the daytime temperature equilibrium and the day-night temperature difference, and establishing a regression model of the daytime temperature and the day-night temperature difference; meanwhile, carrying out regression analysis on the average temperature of the first 3 hours of the night temperature and the average temperature of the night temperature, and establishing a regression model;
s300, selecting tomato seedlings from five leaves during the period from one heart to one ear of flowers and buds as seedling stocks, taking the actual value ranges of daytime temperature and day-night temperature difference in tomato seedling facilities of different crops in a local area as experimental temperature ranges, optionally carrying out experiments in a professional artificial climate chamber, and measuring the growth indexes and physiological indexes of the tomato seedlings under different day-night temperature combinations after setting day-night temperature and time;
s400, carrying out principal component analysis on tomato growth indexes and physiological indexes under different daytime temperatures and day and night temperature differences, determining principal component factors capable of reflecting the growth conditions of the tomato in the seedling stage, calculating the score and the comprehensive score of each principal component, obtaining the scores and the ranks of the comprehensive evaluation indexes of the tomato in the seedling stage under different temperature treatment, and obtaining the optimal day and night temperature difference values corresponding to the different daytime temperatures;
and S500, establishing a tomato seedling stage temperature difference regulation and control system.
The beneficial effects in this embodiment are: through the facility intelligent temperature difference regulation and control method based on the tomato growth evaluation system, the day and night temperature difference reasonable control in the tomato seedling stage is realized, the use of growth regulation and control medicaments is reduced, strong seedlings are cultivated, excessive growth is prevented, the fertilizer and chemical conservation of the facility tomatoes is realized, and efficient clean cultivation is realized.
Example 4
As shown in fig. 3, the facility intelligent temperature difference control method based on the tomato growth evaluation system in this embodiment includes all the technical features in embodiment 3, in addition, the number of the measurement objects in step S100 is not less than 3, and the same object is continuously measured for not less than 2 years; the specific measurement time is adjusted according to the bud emergence time of tomatoes of different crops and varieties so as to ensure that 90% of tomato seedlings in the facility enter the flowering phase, day and night are divided according to the daily rise and sunset time of the planting period of different crops, normal temperature management in the facility of the tomato seedling phase is carried out in the daytime, and temperature difference management measures are not taken at night.
Optionally, in step S300, the measurement time of the growth index and the physiological index is set for the artificial climate chamber and the 6 th hour of the daytime period.
Optionally, the growth indexes in step S300 and step S400 include relative growth rate of plant height, relative growth rate of stem thickness, root-cap ratio and strong seedling index; the physiological index in step S300 and step S400 includes photosynthetic rate Pn (μmol. m)-2·s-1) The transpiration rate Tr (mmol. m)-2·s-1) And the blade porosity conductivity Cound (mmol. m)-2·s-1) And water use rate WUE (%).
Optionally, the plant height and the stem thickness growth amount are measured by using a vernier caliper of 0.02 mm; the method for measuring the plant height growth amount is to measure the distance between the cotyledon implantation position at the base of the plant stem and the growth point at the top of the stem by measuring the measurement at the 0 th day (the day of treatment), the 3 rd day, the 6 th day, the 9 th day, the 12 th day and the 15 th day of the experiment; the calculation formula of the relative growth rate of the plant height is as follows: vS＝(ln L2-ln L1)/(T2-T1) Wherein V isSIs a tomatoHigh relative growth rate of the seedling, L1、L2Plant height, T, measured twice1、T2Measuring the plant height for two times; the stem thickness was measured by measuring the maximum diameter of cotyledon at the base of the stem of the plant, measured on day 0 (the day of treatment), day 3, day 6, day 9, day 12 and day 15 after the test; the relative growth rate of the stem thickness is calculated by the formula: vZ＝(ln W2-ln W1)/(T2-T1) Wherein V isZIs the relative growth rate of the stem thickness of tomato seedlings, W1、W2The stem thickness was measured twice; the dry weight measuring method comprises taking out tomato seedlings from a flowerpot on the 15 th day of the test, cleaning soil at the root, separating the root from the overground part of the plant, bagging the tomato seedlings respectively for deactivation of enzymes at 105 ℃ for 15min, drying the tomato seedlings for more than 24 hours at 80 ℃ to constant weight, placing a dryer to cool to room temperature, and weighing the dry weight of the root and the dry weight of the overground part respectively by using a balance scale with the precision of 0.01 g; the root-to-crown ratio is calculated by the following formula: root cap ratio-dry matter weight of root/dry matter weight of aerial part; the formula for calculating the strong seedling index is as follows: strong seedling index (stem thickness/plant height + root cap ratio) x dry weight.
Optionally, the physiological indexes are respectively performed on the 0 th day, the 3 rd day, the 6 th day, the 9 th day, the 12 th day and the 15 th day of the experiment, a third fully-unfolded functional leaf with the upper top end downward is selected for each plant, each plant is measured for three times, and a special photosynthetic determinator is used for performing the average value.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF EMBODIMENT (S) OF INVENTION
Selecting the tomato planting greenhouse in the agricultural and forestry science research institute of Shijiazhuang city of 2018, Zhao county agricultural science park: the temperature of the greenhouse 1, the greenhouse 3 and the greenhouse 5 within 21 days after the planting of the tomatoes planted in the winter and spring stubbles is taken as a temperature acquisition facility, and the temperature model research is carried out.
Table 1 is a facility environment temperature difference statistical table.
Table 2 shows the night temperature statistics of the facility environment.
The temperature range of the facility tomato in the seedling stage in the daytime is 25.31-37.76 ℃, the temperature range of the facility tomato in the nighttime is 17.79-28.42 ℃, and the temperature difference between day and night is 0.42-15.62 ℃. Obtaining a facility temperature difference model through linear regression analysis: day and night temperature difference is-23.982 +0.957 times day temperature. Night first 3 hours and night average temperature model: the temperature was equalized 10.556+0.534 × 3 hours before night.
The temperature setting of the experimental treatment was carried out according to the actual temperature of the target facility, the daytime temperature and the nighttime temperature were taken as two factors, and the horizontal distance between the factors was set to 3 ℃, thereby obtaining 12 different treatments of the study experiment, specifically see table 3, and each group of experiments was repeated three times.
Table 3 shows the test temperature treatment.
| Day temperature C | Temperature at night | Day and night temperature difference | |
| T1 | 35 | 35 | 0 |
| T2 | 35 | 32 | 3 |
| T3 | 35 | 29 | 6 |
| T4 | 35 | 23 | 9 |
| T5 | 32 | 32 | 0 |
| T6 | 32 | 29 | 3 |
| T7 | 32 | 26 | 6 |
| T8 | 32 | 23 | 9 |
| T9 | 29 | 29 | 0 |
| T10 | 29 | 26 | 3 |
| T11 | 29 | 23 | 6 |
| T12 | 29 | 20 | 9 |
Experimental measurement tomato seedling growth data and physiological data are subjected to principal component analysis through SPSS software, and the comprehensive score of tomato seedling growth under different temperature treatment is calculated, as can be seen from Table 4, the temperature combination of 29-20 ℃ is optimal, and the temperature difference of 9 ℃ is optimal under the condition of certain daytime temperature.
Table 4 shows the score and the composite score for each principal component.
| Numbering | Composite score | Ranking |
| T1 | -7.45 | 12 |
| T2 | -6.75 | 11 |
| T3 | -5.63 | 10 |
| T4 | -2.55 | 6 |
| T5 | -4.61 | 9 |
| T6 | -3.55 | 7 |
| T7 | -3.82 | 8 |
| T8 | 0.49 | 4 |
| T9 | -2.19 | 5 |
| T10 | 6.67 | 2 |
| T11 | 2.97 | 3 |
| T12 | 8.27 | 1 |
After planting tomato seedlings of corresponding crops in the temperature collection facility, starting temperature monitoring equipment, statistically calculating the day-day temperature equalization, bringing the day-day temperature equalization into a day-night temperature difference model of the facility, obtaining the estimated day-day temperature difference value, comparing the estimated day-day temperature difference value with 9 ℃, sending a cooling instruction when the temperature difference value is less than 9 ℃, and sending a heating instruction when the temperature difference value is more than 9 ℃. And obtaining a target temperature within 3 hours of regulation and control through the night previous 3 hours and the night average temperature model, and stopping the temperature control instruction after the target temperature is reached.
Although the invention has been described in detail above with reference to a general description and specific examples, it will be apparent to one skilled in the art that modifications or improvements may be made thereto based on the invention. Accordingly, such modifications and improvements are intended to be within the scope of the invention as claimed.
In the present specification, the terms "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "middle", and the like are used for clarity of description, and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention, and changes or modifications in the relative relationship may be made without substantial changes in the technical content.
Claims (10)
1. The facility intelligent temperature difference regulation and control system based on the tomato growth evaluation system is characterized by comprising a temperature monitoring module (100), an intelligent temperature control module (200) and temperature adjusting equipment (300), wherein the temperature monitoring module (100) and the temperature adjusting equipment (300) are respectively and electrically connected with the intelligent temperature control module (200); the temperature monitoring module (100) is used for measuring the temperature of a facility in real time and transmitting data, the intelligent temperature control module (200) is used for receiving the data measured by the temperature monitoring module (100) and sending an instruction to the temperature adjusting device (300), and the temperature adjusting device (300) is used for starting temperature increasing management or temperature decreasing management at night according to the instruction sent by the intelligent temperature control module (200).
2. The intelligent temperature difference regulation and control system for facility based on tomato growth evaluation system as claimed in claim 1, wherein the temperature monitoring module (100) comprises a temperature sensor (110) and a data communication module (120), the temperature sensor (110) is used for measuring the facility temperature in real time, and the data communication module (120) is used for transmitting the data detected by the temperature sensor (110) to the intelligent temperature control module (200).
3. The intelligent temperature difference regulation and control system for facility based on tomato growth evaluation system as claimed in claim 2, wherein the intelligent temperature control module (200) comprises a processor (210) and a data storage module (220); the data storage module (220) is used for storing a tomato seedling facility temperature difference model, a night previous 3-hour and night average temperature model and an optimal temperature difference regulation and control scheme at daytime temperature; the processor (210) is used for receiving the temperature in the daytime, calculating the temperature average of the day before the sunset, calculating the estimated temperature difference in the evening, judging whether to start the temperature difference management in three hours before the night or not by comparing the estimated temperature difference with the optimal temperature difference regulation and control scheme, and sending an instruction to the temperature regulation equipment (300).
4. The intelligent temperature difference regulation and control system for facility based on tomato growth evaluation system as claimed in claim 3, wherein the temperature regulation device (300) comprises a temperature increasing device (310) and a temperature decreasing device (320), the temperature increasing device (310) is used for performing temperature increasing operation according to the instruction sent by the processor (210), and the temperature decreasing device (320) is used for performing temperature decreasing operation according to the instruction sent by the processor (210).
5. An intelligent temperature difference regulation and control method for facilities based on a tomato growth evaluation system is characterized in that the intelligent temperature difference regulation and control system for facilities based on the tomato growth evaluation system is adopted according to any one of claims 1 to 4, and specifically comprises the following steps:
s100, selecting local common tomato planting facilities as temperature measurement objects, monitoring the temperature in the facilities by using a temperature sensor (110), measuring once every half hour, taking 15-21 days after planting tomatoes of different crops as a measurement period, measuring and counting the daytime temperature and the nighttime temperature of each day, respectively carrying out temperature equalization calculation, calculating the temperature difference between day and night, and counting the temperature value ranges of the daytime temperature equalization and the temperature difference between day and night;
s200, performing regression analysis on the daytime temperature equilibrium and the day-night temperature difference, and establishing a regression model of the daytime temperature and the day-night temperature difference; meanwhile, carrying out regression analysis on the average temperature of the first 3 hours of the night temperature and the average temperature of the night temperature, and establishing a regression model;
s300, selecting tomato seedlings from five leaves during the period from one heart to one ear of flowers and buds as seedling stocks, taking the actual value ranges of daytime temperature and day-night temperature difference in tomato seedling facilities of different crops in a local area as experimental temperature ranges, and measuring growth indexes and physiological indexes of the tomato seedlings under different day-night temperature combinations after setting day-night temperature and time length;
s400, carrying out principal component analysis on tomato growth indexes and physiological indexes under different daytime temperatures and day and night temperature differences, determining principal component factors capable of reflecting the growth conditions of the tomato in the seedling stage, calculating the score and the comprehensive score of each principal component, obtaining the scores and the ranks of the comprehensive evaluation indexes of the tomato in the seedling stage under different temperature treatment, and obtaining the optimal day and night temperature difference values corresponding to the different daytime temperatures;
and S500, establishing a tomato seedling stage temperature difference regulation and control system.
6. The intelligent temperature difference regulation and control method for facilities based on the tomato growth evaluation system as claimed in claim 5, wherein the measurement object in step S100 is not less than 3, and the same object is continuously measured for not less than 2 years; the specific measurement time is adjusted according to the bud emergence time of tomatoes of different crops and varieties so as to ensure that 90% of tomato seedlings in the facility enter the flowering phase, day and night are divided according to the daily rise and sunset time of the planting period of different crops, normal temperature management in the facility of the tomato seedling phase is carried out in the daytime, and temperature difference management measures are not taken at night.
7. The intelligent temperature difference regulation and control method for facility based on tomato growth evaluation system as claimed in claim 5, wherein in step S300, the measurement time of growth index and physiological index is set for artificial climate chamber and 6 th hour of day time period.
8. The intelligent temperature difference regulation and control method for facilities based on the tomato growth evaluation system as claimed in claim 5, wherein the growth indexes in step S300 and step S400 comprise the relative growth rate of plant height, the relative growth rate of stem thickness, the root-cap ratio and the strong seedling index; the physiological indexes in step S300 and step S400 include photosynthetic rate, transpiration rate, leaf stomatal conductance, and water utilization rate.
9. The intelligent temperature difference regulation and control method for facilities based on the tomato growth evaluation system of claim 8, wherein the plant height and the stem thickness growth are measured by using a vernier caliper of 0.02 mm;
the method for measuring the plant height growth quantity is to measure the distance from the cotyledon implantation position at the base of the stem of the plant to the growth point at the top of the stem, and the plant height growth quantity is measured at 0 th day, 3 rd day, 6 th day, 9 th day, 12 th day and 15 th day of the beginning of the experiment;
the calculation formula of the relative growth rate of the plant height is as follows: vS＝(ln L2-ln L1)/(T2-T1) Wherein V isSHigh relative growth rate for tomato seedlings, L1、L2Plant height, T, measured twice1、T2Measuring the plant height for two times;
the stem thickness is measured by measuring the maximum diameter of cotyledon at the base of the stem of the plant at 0, 3, 6, 9, 12 and 15 days after the test;
the relative growth rate of the stem thickness is calculated by the formula: vZ＝(ln W2-ln W1)/(T2-T1) Wherein V isZIs the relative growth rate of the stem thickness of tomato seedlings, W1、W2For two measurementsThe stem is thick;
the dry weight measuring method comprises taking out tomato seedlings from a flowerpot on the 15 th day of the test, cleaning soil at the root, separating the root from the overground part of the plant, bagging the tomato seedlings respectively for deactivation of enzymes at 105 ℃ for 15min, drying the tomato seedlings for more than 24 hours at 80 ℃ to constant weight, placing a dryer to cool to room temperature, and weighing the dry weight of the root and the dry weight of the overground part respectively by using a balance scale with the precision of 0.01 g;
the root-to-crown ratio is calculated by the following formula: root cap ratio-dry matter weight of root/dry matter weight of aerial part;
the formula for calculating the strong seedling index is as follows: strong seedling index (stem thickness/plant height + root cap ratio) x dry weight.
10. The intelligent temperature difference regulation and control method for facilities based on the tomato growth evaluation system as claimed in claim 8, wherein the physiological indexes are respectively performed on the 0 th day, the 3 rd day, the 6 th day, the 9 th day, the 12 th day and the 15 th day of the experiment, the third fully-unfolded functional leaf with the upper top end facing downwards is selected for each plant, each plant is measured three times, and the average value is obtained and performed by using a professional photosynthetic determinator.
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN113484278A (en) * | 2021-05-21 | 2021-10-08 | 北京农业智能装备技术研究中心 | Tomato comprehensive quality nondestructive testing method based on spectrum and principal component analysis |
| CN114680007A (en) * | 2022-04-08 | 2022-07-01 | 北京市农业技术推广站 | Temperature regulation and control method for industrial cultivation of tomatoes |
| CN115185315A (en) * | 2022-08-17 | 2022-10-14 | 合肥创农生物科技有限公司 | Automatic temperature adjusting system based on planting cabinet |
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2020
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN113484278A (en) * | 2021-05-21 | 2021-10-08 | 北京农业智能装备技术研究中心 | Tomato comprehensive quality nondestructive testing method based on spectrum and principal component analysis |
| CN114680007A (en) * | 2022-04-08 | 2022-07-01 | 北京市农业技术推广站 | Temperature regulation and control method for industrial cultivation of tomatoes |
| CN115185315A (en) * | 2022-08-17 | 2022-10-14 | 合肥创农生物科技有限公司 | Automatic temperature adjusting system based on planting cabinet |
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