CN112285165B - Calibration system for flow velocity and concentration of pipeline multiphase flow based on electrical chromatography technology - Google Patents
Calibration system for flow velocity and concentration of pipeline multiphase flow based on electrical chromatography technology Download PDFInfo
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- CN112285165B CN112285165B CN202011149688.1A CN202011149688A CN112285165B CN 112285165 B CN112285165 B CN 112285165B CN 202011149688 A CN202011149688 A CN 202011149688A CN 112285165 B CN112285165 B CN 112285165B
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N27/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of electric, electrochemical, or magnetic means
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01P—MEASURING LINEAR OR ANGULAR SPEED, ACCELERATION, DECELERATION, OR SHOCK; INDICATING PRESENCE, ABSENCE, OR DIRECTION, OF MOVEMENT
- G01P21/00—Testing or calibrating of apparatus or devices covered by the preceding groups
- G01P21/02—Testing or calibrating of apparatus or devices covered by the preceding groups of speedometers
- G01P21/025—Testing or calibrating of apparatus or devices covered by the preceding groups of speedometers for measuring speed of fluids; for measuring speed of bodies relative to fluids
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01P—MEASURING LINEAR OR ANGULAR SPEED, ACCELERATION, DECELERATION, OR SHOCK; INDICATING PRESENCE, ABSENCE, OR DIRECTION, OF MOVEMENT
- G01P5/00—Measuring speed of fluids, e.g. of air stream; Measuring speed of bodies relative to fluids, e.g. of ship, of aircraft
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01P—MEASURING LINEAR OR ANGULAR SPEED, ACCELERATION, DECELERATION, OR SHOCK; INDICATING PRESENCE, ABSENCE, OR DIRECTION, OF MOVEMENT
- G01P5/00—Measuring speed of fluids, e.g. of air stream; Measuring speed of bodies relative to fluids, e.g. of ship, of aircraft
- G01P5/18—Measuring speed of fluids, e.g. of air stream; Measuring speed of bodies relative to fluids, e.g. of ship, of aircraft by measuring the time taken to traverse a fixed distance
Abstract
The invention relates to a calibration system for the flow velocity and concentration of multiphase flow of a pipeline based on an electrical chromatography technology, which comprises a pipeline with a built-in liquid-phase substance, a concentration frame movement device and at least two rows of electrode arrays, wherein the concentration frame represents a section of continuously distributed solid-phase target in the liquid-phase substance in the pipeline, namely a detected object in multiphase flow detection, the concentration frame is an object with a continuously changed cross section, the ratio of the cross section area of any cross section of the concentration frame to the cross section area of the pipeline is the concentration on the cross section, and the concentration frame has certain rigidity, so that the concentration frame does not deform when moving along the axial direction in the liquid-phase substance and forms different solid-phase distributions formed by the continuously changed cross sections; the concentration rack moving device is used for enabling the concentration rack to move in the pipeline along the axial direction and keeping the cross section of the moving concentration rack vertical to the axial direction of the pipeline; two rows of electrode arrays are distributed on different pipeline sections and are parallel to each other, and are used for measuring concentration or flow velocity by utilizing an electrical chromatography technology.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of multiphase flow detection and fluid mechanics based on an electrical chromatography technology.
Background
Concentration and flow velocity are two important parameters in multiphase flow pipeline measurement, and the precision of the two important parameters directly influences subsequent process control, power transmission, identification and conversion of fluid modes, and judgment and identification of important fluid mechanics parameters such as head loss, Reynolds number and the like, and the method has important significance in various application fields such as petrochemical industry, dredging engineering, water conservancy irrigation and the like. Calibration of concentration and flow rate is aimed at achieving the following objectives:
1) determining whether the error of the measured value is within an expected tolerance range;
2) correcting the measured value by a specific method;
3) converting the measured value into a meaningful standard value in engineering according to an actual detection object;
4) and tracing the tested object according to the measured value.
Electrical tomography is an advanced nondestructive visualization detection technology, compared with other existing detection methods, the technology has the advantages of high response speed, non-invasive, economical acquisition of two-dimensional/three-dimensional distribution parameter information and the like, and is widely applied to many fields. In the detection of multiphase flow of the pipeline, the electrical chromatography technology uses a pair of parallel electrode arrays vertical to the axis of the pipeline to acquire data with high time resolution and calculate the flow rate by a related speed measurement principle; and calculating the concentration through two-dimensional section gray distribution or directly according to the acquired data. However, as with all current applications of meters or methods for measuring flow rate and concentration, flow rate and concentration measurements or calculations based on electrical chromatography must also be calibrated.
However, the calibration of the flow rate and concentration parameters of the multi-phase flow is generally performed in a large laboratory at present, so as to reproduce various actual multi-phase flow patterns and working conditions to the maximum extent. When the calibration is carried out in a large laboratory, a power device needs to be arranged in a certain pipeline and a large amount of experimental resources are allocated, so that the experiment not only consumes a large amount of manpower and power, but also has the disadvantages of difficult implementation, difficult repetition, understanding, observation, uneconomic performance and the like, and the number of the calibratable different flow rates and concentrations is limited.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a calibration system for multiphase flow velocity and concentration of a small pipeline, which can reproduce various flow velocity and concentration values in a large device and practical application, reconstruct the variability of a measured multiphase flow pattern and the diversity of the flow velocity and the concentration, and convert the concentration and the flow velocity measured value based on electrical chromatography into parameters which can be accepted in engineering. The technical scheme is as follows:
a calibration system for the flow rate and concentration of multiphase flow in pipeline based on electric chromatography technique is composed of pipeline with liquid-phase substance in it, concentration frame moving unit and at least two rows of electrode arrays,
the concentration frame represents a section of continuously distributed solid phase target in a liquid phase substance in the pipeline, namely a detected object in multiphase flow detection, the concentration frame is an object with a continuously changed cross section, the ratio of the sectional area of any cross section of the concentration frame to the sectional area of the pipeline is the concentration on the cross section, and the concentration frame has certain rigidity, so that the concentration frame does not deform when moving along the axial direction in the liquid phase substance and forms different solid phase distributions formed by the continuously changed cross sections;
and the concentration rack moving device is used for enabling the concentration rack to move in the pipeline along the axial direction and keeping the cross section of the moving concentration rack perpendicular to the axial direction of the pipeline.
Two rows of electrode arrays are distributed on different pipeline sections and are parallel to each other, and are used for measuring concentration or flow velocity by utilizing an electrical chromatography technology.
Preferably, the concentration rack moving device comprises a sliding track fixed on the inner wall of the pipeline and arranged along the axial direction of the pipeline and power equipment, the concentration rack is connected to the sliding track through a sliding block, and the concentration rack moves along the sliding track under the driving of the power equipment. The power equipment comprises a propeller fixed outside the concentration rack and a variable speed motor used for driving the propeller. The pipeline is a transparent pipeline, the calibration system further comprises a photographic device arranged near the transparent pipeline, and the photographic device is used for measuring the flow rate. The pipeline is a closed pipeline loop. The pipeline loop is formed by connecting a straight pipe and a bent pipe through a flange. An opening and a sealing valve for injecting liquid phase substances are also arranged on the closed pipeline loop.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a velocity and concentration calibration system based on electrical chromatography. In fig. 1:
1. variable speed motor 2, concentration frame 3, straight pipe 4, bent pipe 5, flange 6, sliding rail 7, electrode array 8, sealing valve 9, three-way pipe 10, camera 11, liquid phase substance 12, connecting rod 13, sliding block 14, motor sealing box 15 and propeller
Detailed Description
Because concentration and speed are both a relative value and are slightly influenced by pipe diameter, the built small-sized device can reproduce various flow rates and concentration values in a large-sized device and practical application, and reconstruct the variability of a measured multiphase flow pattern and the diversity of the flow rates and the concentration, so that the concentration and flow rate measurement value based on electrical chromatography is converted into parameters which can be approved in engineering. The small concentration and flow rate calibration system built by the invention has the characteristics of wide parameter range, easiness in understanding, operation and realization and the like, and can solve the key problem of applying the electrical chromatography technology to engineering practice.
The invention discloses a multiphase flow velocity and concentration calibration system based on an electrical chromatography technology, which comprises the following key parts:
1) the concentration frame 2 is made by 3D printing technology or casting technology, and can reconstruct various section concentrations, distribution shapes, sizes and conductivity differences in the pipeline;
2) pipe loop and photographing device 10: in a transparent acrylic pipeline loop of an observable target, photographing the concentration frame 2 by a photographing device and measuring the flow rate by the exposure rate;
3) a variable speed motor 1 and a slide rail 6; the variable speed motor 1 is arranged in the motor sealing box 14, power is generated in the liquid phase substance 11 through the propeller 15, the concentration frame 2 is driven to move in the liquid phase substance 11 along the sliding rail 6, a small calibration system is realized to reproduce a multiphase flow flowing mode and a measurement environment, and the precision and the stability of the obtained calibration speed can be ensured.
Several key parts are described below:
1) function of the concentration shelf 2
The concentration frame 2 represents a section of solid phase target which is continuously distributed in the liquid phase substance 11 in the pipeline and is also a detected object in the multiphase flow detection; the ratio of the sectional area of any section on the concentration rack 2 to the sectional area of the pipeline is the concentration on the section. The manufacture of the concentration holder 2 requires different areas on the respective cross-sections for two reasons: when the correlation velocity measurement is carried out according to the correlation velocity measurement principle of the electrical tomography, the concentration and the distribution of each section are ensured to have certain difference, accurate measurement can be realized, and certain anti-noise capability is realized. The corresponding concentrations of different cross sections on the concentration frame 2 have certain representativeness relative to the actually appeared concentrations; in particular, each section can be made in any size and distribution of the solid phase substance so as to reconstruct any flow pattern together with the liquid phase substance 11; but may form an arbitrary distribution of continuous sections along the axial direction.
2) Production of concentration holder 2
The concentration frame 2 has certain requirements on materials, and can be made of non-conductive materials or conductive materials so as to simulate the conductivity difference between any solid-phase substances; meanwhile, the material must have certain rigidity, so that each section cannot deform when the variable-speed electrode 1 drives the concentration frame 2 to move, and the variable-speed electrode is convenient to be connected with the sliding rail 6 to slide. The concentration frame 2 can be manufactured according to actual requirements by adopting a 3D printing technology or a casting technology, and the particle shape, the size and the conductivity distribution on each section can be accurately designed by adopting the 3D printing technology.
3) Closed pipe loop
The pipeline loop corresponding to the small device of the invention is connected by four sections of transparent straight pipes 3 and four sections of bent pipes 5 through flanges. Two parallel horizontal sliding rails 6 are arranged on the inner wall of the pipeline, so that the variable speed motor 1 drives and pulls the concentration frame 2 to slide along the sliding rails 6, and meanwhile, the cross section of the concentration frame 2 is ensured to be vertical to the axial direction of the pipeline; the elbow 4 has a larger curvature to ensure that the variable speed motor 1 pulls the consistency rack 2 through the sliding track 6 with less resistance. The three-way pipe 9 on the straight pipe 3 is used for injecting liquid phase substances 11 and is sealed by the sealing valve 8 after injection to ensure that liquid phase does not flow out in the experiment. The effect of increasing slip track 6 on the pipe wall makes the cross section of concentration frame 2 all the time with the axial of pipeline perpendicular, when measuring through double electrode array, not only can measure the value of corresponding concentration, can carry out the cross validation to the concentration value that uses when calculating speed moreover. The variable speed motor 1 is fixed and loaded in a motor sealing box 14, the concentration frame 2 moves in the liquid phase substance 11 by driving a propeller 15 fixed at the rear part of the motor sealing box 14, and the variable speed motor 1 and the concentration frame 2 are both connected with a sliding block 13 and a sliding track 6 through a connecting rod 12.
4) Double row electrode array 7
Two rows of electrodes in the double-row electrode array 7 have certain distance and are parallel to each other, and the design has two purposes: firstly, each electrode can independently measure concentration and verify the concentration mutually, and particularly, an abnormal prompt can be given in real time when one electrode or part of the electrodes have faults; secondly, satisfy the "frozen stiff" hypothesis of relevant speed measurement: i.e. the phase separation fraction and particle distribution of the solid phase target is constant across any cross section from one row of electrodes to the other. The distance between two rows of electrodes in the electrode array 7 is about 1/3 of the pipe diameter, and the requirement of 'freezing stiffness' on the assumption of the electrode distance during measurement is met. In addition, the concentration values calculated by measuring the concentration values respectively by the double-row electrode array 7 can also be subjected to cross validation.
The invention is based on the speed of the electric chromatography technology and concentration measured value to carry on the calibration at the same time, pack variable speed electrical machinery 1 and concentration shelf 2 into acrylic straight tube 3 through support 12 and slide block 13, the whole pipeline loop is connected by straight tube 3 and bend 4 made of acrylic through the flange 5; after the pipeline is filled with the liquid substance 11 from the three-way pipe, the conductivity of the liquid substance 11 is in full accordance with the conductivity of the actual liquid substance 11 (such as seawater, fresh water, etc.) of the solid-liquid two-phase flow to be calibrated.
The three-way pipe 9 is closed by using the sealing valve 8, the variable speed motor 1 is started, the propeller 15 at the rear part of the motor sealing box 14 drives the concentration frame 2 to move through the double-row electrode array 7 along the sliding track 6 in the pipeline at different speeds, the measurement is continuously carried out from the double-row electrode array 8 in real time according to the electrical tomography technology, the speed and the concentration value are further calculated, and meanwhile, the camera 10 is used for shooting the flow process and calculating the speed.
The concentration and flow rate are specifically calibrated in the following manner:
1. concentration calibration: the concentration calibration is realized by comparing the known series of volume concentration values on each section of the concentration rack 2 with the concentration values obtained based on the electrical chromatography technology.
2. Calibrating the flow rate: using a camera device 10 with a certain exposure speed to carry out continuous exposure imaging and reversely deducing the speed; and according to the exposure rate of n times/second, the distance length of the two rows of electrodes is L, the calculation formula of the speed V is as follows:
V＝L/(m/n)
where m is the number of exposures when the density frame 2 passes through a path of length L.
The calibration of the flow rate is achieved by comparing the flow rate values calculated from the camera 10 with the concentration values obtained on the basis of the electrical tomography technique.
3. And (3) cross validation: each row of electrodes in the double-row sensor array 7 can independently calculate the concentration from the measured value, and the consistency of the two concentrations is compared to judge the reliability of the concentration and flow rate measured values based on the electric chromatography technology.
Claims (5)
1. A calibration system for the flow rate and concentration of multiphase flow in a pipeline based on an electrical chromatography technology comprises a pipeline with a built-in liquid phase substance, a concentration frame movement device and at least two rows of electrode arrays, wherein,
the concentration frame represents a section of continuously distributed solid phase target in a liquid phase substance in the pipeline, namely a detected object in multiphase flow detection, the concentration frame is an object with a continuously changed cross section, the ratio of the sectional area of any cross section of the concentration frame to the sectional area of the pipeline is the concentration on the cross section, and the concentration frame has certain rigidity, so that the concentration frame does not deform when moving along the axial direction in the liquid phase substance and forms different solid phase distributions formed by the continuously changed cross sections;
the concentration rack moving device is used for enabling the concentration rack to move in the pipeline along the axial direction and keeping the cross section of the moving concentration rack vertical to the axial direction of the pipeline; the concentration rack moving device comprises a sliding track and power equipment, wherein the sliding track and the power equipment are fixed on the inner wall of the pipeline and are arranged along the axial direction of the pipeline; the power equipment comprises a propeller fixed outside the concentration rack and a variable speed motor used for driving the propeller;
two rows of electrode arrays are distributed on different pipeline sections and are parallel to each other, and are used for measuring concentration or flow velocity by utilizing an electrical chromatography technology.
2. The calibration system according to claim 1, wherein the conduit is a transparent conduit, and further comprising a camera device disposed adjacent the transparent conduit, the camera device being configured for flow rate measurement.
3. The calibration system as set forth in claim 1, wherein said conduit is a closed conduit loop.
4. The calibration system according to claim 3, wherein the pipeline loop is formed by connecting a straight pipe and an elbow pipe through a flange.
5. The calibration system according to claim 3, wherein an opening and a sealing valve for injecting the liquid phase substance are further provided on the closed pipe loop.
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