CN112284430B - Multiphase flow multi-parameter optical fiber detection device based on light-carried microwave interference - Google Patents
Multiphase flow multi-parameter optical fiber detection device based on light-carried microwave interference Download PDFInfo
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01D—MEASURING NOT SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR A SPECIFIC VARIABLE; ARRANGEMENTS FOR MEASURING TWO OR MORE VARIABLES NOT COVERED IN A SINGLE OTHER SUBCLASS; TARIFF METERING APPARATUS; MEASURING OR TESTING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G01D5/00—Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable
- G01D5/26—Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable characterised by optical transfer means, i.e. using infrared, visible, or ultraviolet light
- G01D5/32—Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable characterised by optical transfer means, i.e. using infrared, visible, or ultraviolet light with attenuation or whole or partial obturation of beams of light
- G01D5/34—Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable characterised by optical transfer means, i.e. using infrared, visible, or ultraviolet light with attenuation or whole or partial obturation of beams of light the beams of light being detected by photocells
- G01D5/353—Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable characterised by optical transfer means, i.e. using infrared, visible, or ultraviolet light with attenuation or whole or partial obturation of beams of light the beams of light being detected by photocells influencing the transmission properties of an optical fibre
- G01D5/35306—Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable characterised by optical transfer means, i.e. using infrared, visible, or ultraviolet light with attenuation or whole or partial obturation of beams of light the beams of light being detected by photocells influencing the transmission properties of an optical fibre using an interferometer arrangement
- G01D5/35309—Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable characterised by optical transfer means, i.e. using infrared, visible, or ultraviolet light with attenuation or whole or partial obturation of beams of light the beams of light being detected by photocells influencing the transmission properties of an optical fibre using an interferometer arrangement using multiple waves interferometer
- G01D5/35312—Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable characterised by optical transfer means, i.e. using infrared, visible, or ultraviolet light with attenuation or whole or partial obturation of beams of light the beams of light being detected by photocells influencing the transmission properties of an optical fibre using an interferometer arrangement using multiple waves interferometer using a Fabry Perot
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01D—MEASURING NOT SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR A SPECIFIC VARIABLE; ARRANGEMENTS FOR MEASURING TWO OR MORE VARIABLES NOT COVERED IN A SINGLE OTHER SUBCLASS; TARIFF METERING APPARATUS; MEASURING OR TESTING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G01D21/00—Measuring or testing not otherwise provided for
- G01D21/02—Measuring two or more variables by means not covered by a single other subclass
Abstract
The invention relates to a multiphase flow multi-parameter optical fiber detection device based on light-carried microwave interference, which is characterized in that: the device comprises a broadband light source, a light polarizer, a light polarization controller, a frequency-tunable microwave source, an electro-optic modulator, an optical amplifier, an optical circulator, a transmission optical fiber, a double-cavity Fabry-Perot probe, a photoelectric detector, a phase-locked amplifier, a vector microwave detector, a computer, a measuring pipeline and multiphase flow. The double-cavity Fabry-Perot probe comprises a sensing optical fiber, a capillary glass tube, a reflector and a silica pressure sensitive membrane, wherein a first Fabry-Perot cavity is formed by the reflector and the end face of the sensing optical fiber, and a second Fabry-Perot cavity is formed by the end face of the sensing optical fiber and the silica pressure sensitive membrane; the silicon dioxide pressure sensitive diaphragm is contacted with the multiphase flow to be detected, and the optical path difference corresponding to the two reflecting surfaces of the first Fabry-Perot cavity and the second Fabry-Perot cavity is larger than the coherence length of the broadband light source and smaller than the coherence length of the microwave source.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of multiphase flow testing, and particularly relates to a multiphase flow multi-parameter optical fiber detection device based on light-carried microwave interference.
Background
Two-phase and multi-phase flows are mixed fluids with two or more different phase states or different components, are ubiquitous in the important fields of chemical industry, energy, water conservancy, metallurgy, meteorology, biology, food processing, aerospace and the like, understand and master the flow characteristics and parameters of the multi-phase flows, and have important significance for national economy and social development. In order to understand the flow mechanism and characteristics of multiphase flow, researchers at home and abroad research various multiphase flow detection methods, including a conductance method, a capacitance method, an acoustic method, a high-speed photography method, a ray method, a differential pressure method and the like. However, most of the existing multiphase flow detection technologies have the problems of single detectable object, easy electromagnetic interference, low measurement precision, radioactivity and the like, and in practical application, high-precision measurement of multiple parameters is often required.
With the development of laser and optical fiber technologies, the laser and optical fiber based multiphase flow detection technology has received wide attention from domestic and foreign scholars due to its advantages of electrical insulation, electromagnetic interference resistance, chemical corrosion resistance, small occupied space, light weight, long distance, large range, high sensitivity, etc. Optical interferometers are often used for realizing high-precision measurement, and like other interferometers, the realization of the interference mainly comprises two processes of splitting and combining beams. The light interference generates a periodic interference pattern in a time domain, a space or a frequency domain by superposing two or more coherent light waves with certain propagation delay, and wave amplitude, frequency and phase information contained in the interference pattern can be used for calculating the propagation delay, so that information to be detected can be coded into the propagation delay, and further required information can be demodulated. Interferometers have been widely used for the accurate measurement of various physical, chemical, and biomass (e.g., temperature, strain, pressure, rotation, refractive index, etc.). Among them, the fiber fabry-perot interferometer is widely used.
Due to modal dispersion of the multimode fiber, the fabry-perot interferometer made using the multimode fiber has low fringe visibility caused by noise caused by multimode interference. Therefore, in order to realize high-precision measurement, a conventional all-optical fiber fabry-perot interferometric system generally only uses a single-mode fiber, and in order to avoid the problem of polarization fading during measurement, a polarization-maintaining fiber with a relatively high price is usually required to be used for manufacturing, so as to strictly control the polarization state of a light beam and realize relatively high measurement precision. Meanwhile, in order to achieve higher signal quality, the smoothness of the reflector surface of the conventional all-optical fabry-perot interferometer needs to be much smaller than the wavelength of light, so that very high precision is required in processing the reflecting surface.
Based on this, it is necessary to invent a new optical fiber interferometry system and method to solve the problems of non-invasive and high-precision flow field information detection of the existing two-phase and multi-phase flow and multi-parameter feature fusion analysis.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a multiphase flow multi-parameter optical fiber detection device based on optical carrier microwave interference, aiming at overcoming the defects of the prior art, and the device can simultaneously realize high-precision measurement of characteristic parameters such as pressure, temperature, refractive index and the like of two-phase and multiphase flow. The invention is realized by adopting the following technical scheme:
a multiphase flow multi-parameter optical fiber detection device based on light-carried microwave interference is characterized in that: the device comprises a broadband light source, a light polarizer, a light polarization controller, a frequency-tunable microwave source, an electro-optic modulator, an optical amplifier, an optical circulator, a transmission optical fiber, a double-cavity Fabry-Perot probe, a photoelectric detector, a phase-locked amplifier, a vector microwave detector, a computer, a measuring pipeline and multiphase flow. The double-cavity Fabry-Perot probe comprises a sensing optical fiber, a capillary glass tube, a reflector and a silica pressure sensitive membrane, wherein a first Fabry-Perot cavity is formed by the reflector and the end face of the sensing optical fiber, and a second Fabry-Perot cavity is formed by the end face of the sensing optical fiber and the silica pressure sensitive membrane; the silicon dioxide pressure sensitive diaphragm is contacted with the multiphase flow to be detected, and the optical path difference corresponding to the two reflecting surfaces of the first Fabry-Perot cavity and the second Fabry-Perot cavity is larger than the coherence length of the broadband light source and smaller than the coherence length of the microwave source.
Preferably:
the signal output end of the broadband light source is connected with the incident end of the light polarizer through a single-mode optical fiber jumper, and the emergent end of the light polarizer is connected with the incident end of the light polarization controller through the single-mode optical fiber jumper; the output end of the light polarization controller is connected with the input end of the electro-optical modulator; the signal output end of the frequency-tunable microwave source is connected with the signal input end of the electro-optical modulator; the output end of the electro-optical modulator is connected with the input end of the optical amplifier; the output end of the optical amplifier is connected with the signal incidence end of the optical circulator through an optical fiber jumper; the reflecting end of the optical circulator is connected with the transmission optical fiber; the transmission optical fiber is connected with the double-cavity Fabry-Perot probe; the signal output end of the optical circulator is connected with the incident end of the photoelectric detector through an optical fiber jumper; the emergent end of the photoelectric detector is connected with the signal input end of the phase-locked amplifier through a high-frequency cable; the reference signal input end of the phase-locked amplifier is connected with the reference signal output end of the frequency-tunable microwave source; the signal output end of the phase-locked amplifier is connected with the signal input end of the vector microwave detector through a high-frequency cable, and the signal output end of the vector microwave detector is connected with the signal input end of the computer.
The transmission fiber can be a single-mode fiber or a multi-mode fiber according to actual requirements, and the length of the transmission fiber can be adjusted.
The reflector is processed in the sensing optical fiber.
The double-cavity Fabry-Perot probe is embedded in the inner wall of the two-phase/multiphase flow pipeline, and the end face of the probe is flush with the inner wall of the pipeline.
The vector microwave detector can simultaneously detect the amplitude and phase information of the microwave signal, such as by using a vector network analyzer.
A carrier signal output by the broadband light source is modulated by the light polarizer and the light polarization controller and then enters the electro-optical modulator; the microwave signal output by the frequency-tunable microwave source is modulated by an electro-optical modulator and then loaded on a carrier signal to form an optical carrier microwave signal; the optical carrier microwave signal output by the electro-optical modulator is amplified by the optical amplifier and then input to the optical circulator, and then enters the transmission optical fiber after being output by the reflection end of the optical circulator; entering a double-cavity Fabry-Perot probe through a transmission optical fiber; and reflecting at the reflecting surface of the double-cavity Fabry-Perot probe; reflected light-carried microwave signals are interfered after meeting and return to the optical circulator; the interference signal is output from the emergent end of the optical circulator and enters the photoelectric detector; the signal is converted into an electric signal through a photoelectric detector; the electric signal is input into a phase-locked amplifier to realize the same frequency detection of the microwave signal output by the microwave source, the signal output by the phase-locked amplifier is received by a vector microwave detector, and the microwave interference signal acquired by the vector microwave detector is input into a computer for processing. The microwave interference spectrum can be obtained by sweeping the frequency of the frequency-tunable microwave source. The microwave interference spectrum is subjected to inverse Fourier transform, and the microwave interference spectrum can be reconstructed by combining a time domain gate function, so that microwave interference spectrums corresponding to the first Fabry-Perot cavity and the second Fabry-Perot cavity are respectively obtained. Under different multiphase flow pattern flow states, the double-cavity Fabry-Perot probe detects different multiphase flow field information including pressure, temperature and refractive index, wherein the pressure and temperature information can cause the optical path difference corresponding to optical carrier microwave signals reflected by the two Fabry-Perot cavities to change, so that the corresponding microwave interference spectrum generates frequency shift, the two cavities of the double-cavity Fabry-Perot probe have different sensitivities to the temperature and the pressure, the first Fabry-Perot cavity is insensitive to the pressure and is mainly used for measuring temperature information, and the second Fabry-Perot cavity is sensitive to both the temperature and the pressure, so that the cross sensitivity between the two parameters is compensated by constructing a sensitivity coefficient matrix of the two cavities, and the simultaneous measurement of the two parameters of the temperature and the strain can be realized; the change of the flow field refractive index can cause the amplitude information of the microwave interference spectrum to correspondingly change, so that the multiphase flow field information including pressure, temperature and refractive index to be measured can be obtained simultaneously by demodulating the frequency shift information and the amplitude information of the microwave interference spectrum.
The device can be used for measuring the flow state of two-phase flow such as gas-liquid, liquid-liquid and the like in different flow modes, and can also be used for measuring and researching the flow state of multiphase flow such as oil-gas-water three-phase flow and the like in different flow modes.
Compared with the existing multiphase flow testing technology and optical fiber interference technology, the multiphase flow multi-parameter optical fiber detection device based on light-carried microwave interference has the following advantages:
the invention relates to a multiphase flow multi-parameter optical fiber detection device based on light-carried microwave interference, which is a double-cavity Fabry-Perot optical fiber probe based on light-carried microwave signal interference and can simultaneously realize high-precision measurement of a plurality of characteristic parameters such as pressure, temperature, refractive index and the like in two-phase and multiphase flow.
Secondly, the multiphase flow multi-parameter optical fiber detection device based on the light-carried microwave interference has the advantages of both light and microwave measurement technologies, and has high sensitivity and measurement accuracy. The modulation, detection and demodulation of signals are all synchronized to the same microwave frequency, for a traditional all-optical fiber Fabry-Perot interference system, the detection speed of a photoelectric detector is not enough to demodulate very high optical frequency oscillation, but microwaves can be demodulated in the basic oscillation frequency of the photoelectric detector, so that the optical carrier microwave interference technology has higher signal-to-noise ratio.
The multiphase flow multi-parameter optical fiber detection device based on light-carried microwave interference is insensitive to the type of the optical waveguide, and both single-mode optical fibers and multimode optical fibers can be adopted. The multimode fiber has the advantages of high optical coupling efficiency, high transmission power and the like due to the large diameter of the fiber core. However, as for the conventional all-optical fiber interferometer, the multimode fiber has low fringe visibility due to large modal dispersion and noise caused by multimode interference, and is difficult to be used for manufacturing the optical interferometer, so compared with the conventional all-optical fiber fabry-perot interferometer technology, the scheme of the invention can flexibly select the probe constituting material and the transmission waveguide type according to the specific measurement object and the use environment.
Fourthly, the multiphase flow multi-parameter optical fiber detection device based on the light-carried microwave interference is insensitive to light polarization change. Because in this system, interference is the result of coherent superposition of microwave envelopes, the polarization fading problem commonly encountered by the conventional all-optical interferometer has little influence on the interference.
And fifthly, the technology has lower requirement on the processing precision of the interferometer. In order to obtain high-quality interference signals, the surface smoothness of a reflector of the conventional all-optical interferometer is often required to be far smaller than the optical wavelength of a system, which has high requirements on processing precision and increases the technical difficulty and cost of manufacturing. Because the microwave wavelength is far longer than the optical wavelength, the detection device can be processed with lower precision on the premise of not influencing the signal quality of the detection device, and the manufacturing difficulty and the cost are reduced.
The invention effectively solves the problems of single detection object, easy electromagnetic interference, low measurement precision, radioactivity, limited use environment, low signal-to-noise ratio, sensitivity to waveguide types, polarization dependence, high manufacturing difficulty and the like in the multi-parameter detection aspect of the traditional multiphase flow testing technology, and provides a new research means for deeply knowing two-phase/multiphase flow characteristics and mechanisms in scientific research and engineering application.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a multi-phase flow multi-parameter optical fiber detection device based on optical carrier microwave interference, and a gas-liquid two-phase annular flow is taken as an example in a pipeline.
In the figure: the system comprises a 1-broadband light source, a 2-optical polarizer, a 3-optical polarization controller, a 4-frequency tunable microwave source, a 5-electro-optical modulator, a 6-optical amplifier, a 7-optical circulator, an 8-transmission optical fiber, a 9-double-cavity Fabry-Perot probe, a 10-photoelectric detector, an 11-phase-locked amplifier, a 12-vector microwave detector, a 13-computer, an 18-measuring pipeline and a 19-multiphase flow (taking an annular fluid film as an example).
Fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a fabry-perot probe.
In the figure: the device comprises a 9-double-cavity Fabry-Perot probe, a 14-sensing optical fiber, a 15-capillary glass tube, a 16-reflector and a 17-silicon dioxide pressure sensitive membrane.
Detailed Description
1. A multiphase flow multi-parameter optical fiber detection device based on light-carried microwave interference comprises a broadband light source 1, a light polarizer 2, a light polarization controller 3, a frequency-tunable microwave source 4, an electro-optic modulator 5, an optical amplifier 6, an optical circulator 7, a transmission optical fiber 8, a double-cavity Fabry-Perot probe 9, a photoelectric detector 10, a phase-locked amplifier 11, a vector microwave detector 12, a computer 13, a measurement pipeline 18 and a multiphase flow 19. The double-cavity Fabry-Perot probe 9 comprises a sensing optical fiber 14, a capillary glass tube 15, a reflector 16 and a silicon dioxide pressure sensitive membrane 17, wherein a first Fabry-Perot cavity is formed by the reflector 16 and the end face of the sensing optical fiber 14, and a second Fabry-Perot cavity is formed by the end face of the sensing optical fiber 14 and the silicon dioxide pressure sensitive membrane 17; the silicon dioxide pressure sensitive membrane 17 is in contact with the multiphase flow to be detected, and the optical path difference corresponding to the two reflecting surfaces of the first Fabry-Perot cavity and the second Fabry-Perot cavity is larger than the coherence length of the broadband light source and smaller than the coherence length of the microwave source.
The signal output end of the broadband light source 1 is connected with the incident end of the optical polarizer 2 through a single-mode optical fiber jumper, and the emergent end of the optical polarizer 2 is connected with the incident end of the optical polarization controller 3 through a single-mode optical fiber jumper; the output end of the light polarization controller 3 is connected with the input end of the electro-optical modulator 5; the signal output end of the frequency tunable microwave source 4 is connected with the signal input end of the electro-optical modulator 5; the output end of the electro-optical modulator 5 is connected with the input end of the optical amplifier 6; the output end of the optical amplifier 6 is connected with the signal incidence end of the optical circulator 7 through an optical fiber jumper; the reflection end of the optical circulator 7 is connected with a transmission optical fiber 8; the transmission optical fiber 8 is connected with a double-cavity Fabry-Perot probe 9; the signal output end of the optical circulator 7 is connected with the incident end of the photoelectric detector 10 through an optical fiber jumper; the emergent end of the photoelectric detector 10 is connected with the signal input end of the phase-locked amplifier 11 through a high-frequency cable; the reference signal input end of the phase-locked amplifier 11 is connected with the reference signal output end of the frequency-tunable microwave source 4; the signal output end of the phase-locked amplifier 11 is connected with the signal input end of the vector microwave detector 12 through a high-frequency cable, and the signal output end of the vector microwave detector 12 is connected with the signal input end of the computer 13.
In specific implementation, the transmission fiber 8 can be a single-mode fiber or a multi-mode fiber according to actual requirements, and the length thereof is adjustable.
In particular embodiments, reflector 16 is machined into sensing fiber 14.
When the device is specifically implemented, the double-cavity Fabry-Perot probe 9 is embedded in the inner wall of the multiphase flow pipeline, the end face of the probe is flush with the inner wall of the pipeline, and the probe can be placed in a measured object according to actual measurement requirements.
In one embodiment, the vector microwave detector 12 is capable of detecting amplitude and phase information of the microwave signal simultaneously, such as by using a vector network analyzer.
In specific implementation, a carrier signal output by the broadband light source 1 is modulated by the light polarizer 2 and the light polarization controller 3 and then enters the electro-optical modulator 5; the microwave signal output by the frequency tunable microwave source 4 is modulated by the electro-optical modulator 5 and then loaded on a carrier signal to form an optical carrier microwave signal; the optical carrier microwave signal output by the electro-optical modulator 5 is amplified by the optical amplifier 6, then input to the optical circulator 7, and output by the reflection end of the optical circulator 7 and then enter the transmission optical fiber 8; enters a double-cavity Fabry-Perot probe 9 through a transmission optical fiber 8; and is reflected at the reflecting surface of the double-cavity Fabry-Perot probe 9; reflected optical-carried microwave signals meet and interfere with each other and return to the optical circulator 7; the interference signal enters the photoelectric detector 10 after being output from the exit end of the optical circulator 7; after passing through the photoelectric detector 10, the signal is converted into an electric signal; the electric signal is input into a phase-locked amplifier 11 to realize the same frequency detection with the microwave signal output by the microwave source, the signal output by the phase-locked amplifier 11 is received by a vector microwave detector 12, and the microwave interference signal collected by the vector microwave detector 12 is input into a computer 13 for processing. The microwave interference spectrum can be obtained by sweeping the frequency of the frequency tunable microwave source 4. The microwave interference spectrum is subjected to inverse Fourier transform, and the microwave interference spectrum can be reconstructed by combining a time domain gate function, so that microwave interference spectrums corresponding to the first Fabry-Perot cavity and the second Fabry-Perot cavity are respectively obtained. Under different multiphase flow pattern flow states, the double-cavity Fabry-Perot probe 9 detects different multiphase flow field information including pressure, temperature and refractive index, wherein the pressure and temperature information can cause the optical path difference corresponding to optical carrier microwave signals reflected by the two Fabry-Perot cavities to change, so that the corresponding microwave interference spectrum generates frequency shift, the two cavities of the double-cavity Fabry-Perot probe 9 have different sensitivities to the temperature and the pressure, the first Fabry-Perot cavity is insensitive to the pressure and is mainly used for measuring temperature information, and the second Fabry-Perot cavity is sensitive to both the temperature and the pressure, so that the cross sensitivity between the two parameters is compensated by constructing a sensitivity coefficient matrix of the two cavities, and the simultaneous measurement of the two parameters of the temperature and the strain can be realized; the change of the flow field refractive index can cause the amplitude information of the microwave interference spectrum to correspondingly change, so that the multiphase flow field information including pressure, temperature and refractive index to be measured can be obtained simultaneously by demodulating the frequency shift information and the amplitude information of the microwave interference spectrum.
When in specific implementation, the device can be used for measuring the flow state of two-phase flow such as gas-liquid flow, liquid-liquid flow and the like in different flow modes, and can also be used for measuring and researching the flow state of multiphase flow such as oil-gas-water three-phase flow and the like in different flow modes.
Claims (8)
1. A multiphase flow multi-parameter optical fiber detection device based on light-carried microwave interference is characterized in that: the device comprises a broadband light source (1), a light polarizer (2), a light polarization controller (3), a frequency tunable microwave source (4), an electro-optic modulator (5), an optical amplifier (6), an optical circulator (7), a transmission optical fiber (8), a double-cavity Fabry-Perot probe (9), a photoelectric detector (10), a phase-locked amplifier (11), a vector microwave detector (12), a computer (13) and a measuring pipeline (18); the double-cavity Fabry-Perot probe (9) comprises a sensing optical fiber (14), a capillary glass tube (15), a reflector (16) and a silicon dioxide pressure sensitive membrane (17), wherein a first Fabry-Perot cavity is formed by the end surfaces of the reflector (16) and the sensing optical fiber (14), and a second Fabry-Perot cavity is formed by the end surface of the sensing optical fiber (14) and the silicon dioxide pressure sensitive membrane (17); the silicon dioxide pressure sensitive membrane (17) is in contact with the multiphase flow to be detected, and the optical path difference corresponding to the two reflecting surfaces of the first Fabry-Perot cavity and the second Fabry-Perot cavity is greater than the coherence length of the broadband light source and smaller than the coherence length of the frequency tunable microwave source (4); the signal output end of the broadband light source (1) is connected with the incident end of the optical polarizer (2) through a single-mode optical fiber jumper, and the emergent end of the optical polarizer (2) is connected with the incident end of the optical polarization controller (3) through the single-mode optical fiber jumper; the output end of the light polarization controller (3) is connected with the input end of the electro-optical modulator (5); the signal output end of the frequency tunable microwave source (4) is connected with the signal input end of the electro-optical modulator (5); the output end of the electro-optical modulator (5) is connected with the input end of the optical amplifier (6); the output end of the optical amplifier (6) is connected with the signal incidence end of the optical circulator (7) through an optical fiber jumper; the reflection end of the optical circulator (7) is connected with a transmission optical fiber (8); the transmission optical fiber (8) is connected with a sensing optical fiber (14) of the double-cavity Fabry-Perot probe (9); the signal output end of the optical circulator (7) is connected with the incident end of the photoelectric detector (10) through an optical fiber jumper; the emergent end of the photoelectric detector (10) is connected with the signal input end of the phase-locked amplifier (11) through a high-frequency cable; the reference signal input end of the phase-locked amplifier (11) is connected with the reference signal output end of the frequency-tunable microwave source (4); the signal output end of the phase-locked amplifier (11) is connected with the signal input end of the vector microwave detector (12) through a high-frequency cable, and the signal output end of the vector microwave detector (12) is connected with the signal input end of the computer (13).
2. The multi-phase flow multi-parameter optical fiber detection device based on light-carrying microwave interference as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the transmission fiber (8) is a single-mode fiber or a multi-mode fiber according to actual requirements, and the length of the transmission fiber is adjustable.
3. The multi-phase flow multi-parameter optical fiber detection device based on light-carrying microwave interference as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the reflector (16) is processed in the sensing optical fiber (14).
4. The multi-phase flow multi-parameter optical fiber detection device based on light-carrying microwave interference as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the double-cavity Fabry-Perot probe (9) is embedded in the inner wall of the multiphase flow pipeline, and the end face of the probe is flush with the inner wall of the pipeline.
5. The multi-phase flow multi-parameter optical fiber detection device based on light-carrying microwave interference as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the vector microwave detector (12) can simultaneously detect amplitude and phase information of the microwave signal.
6. The multi-phase flow multi-parameter optical fiber detection device based on light-carrying microwave interference as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the vector microwave detector is a vector network analyzer.
7. The multiphase flow multi-parameter optical fiber detection device based on optical carrier microwave interference is characterized in that a carrier signal output by a broadband light source (1) is modulated by an optical polarizer (2) and an optical polarization controller (3) and then enters an electro-optical modulator (5); the microwave signal output by the frequency tunable microwave source (4) is modulated by the electro-optical modulator (5) and then loaded on a carrier signal to form an optical carrier microwave signal; the optical carrier microwave signal output by the electro-optical modulator (5) is amplified by the optical amplifier (6), then input to the optical circulator (7), and output by the reflection end of the optical circulator (7) and then enter the transmission optical fiber (8); enters a double-cavity Fabry-Perot probe (9) through a transmission optical fiber (8); and the reflection occurs at the reflecting surface of the double-cavity Fabry-Perot probe (9); reflected optical-carried microwave signals meet and interfere with each other and return to the optical circulator (7); the interference signal enters the photoelectric detector (10) after being output from the exit end of the optical circulator (7); after passing through a photoelectric detector (10), the signals are converted into electric signals; the electric signal is input into a phase-locked amplifier (11) to realize the same-frequency detection with the microwave signal output by a frequency-tunable microwave source (4), the signal output by the phase-locked amplifier (11) is received by a vector microwave detector (12), and the microwave interference signal collected by the vector microwave detector (12) is input into a computer (13) for processing; frequency sweeping is carried out on the frequency-tunable microwave source (4), and a microwave interference spectrum is obtained; the microwave interference spectrum is subjected to inverse Fourier transform, and is reconstructed by combining a time domain gate function, so that microwave interference spectrums corresponding to the first Fabry-Perot cavity and the second Fabry-Perot cavity are respectively obtained; under different multiphase flow pattern flow states, the double-cavity Fabry-Perot probe (9) detects different multiphase flow field information including pressure, temperature and refractive index, wherein the pressure and temperature information can cause the optical path difference corresponding to optical carrier microwave signals reflected by the two Fabry-Perot cavities to change, so that the corresponding microwave interference spectrum generates frequency shift, the two cavities of the double-cavity Fabry-Perot probe (9) have different sensitivities to temperature and pressure, the first Fabry-Perot cavity is insensitive to pressure and is mainly used for measuring temperature information, the second Fabry-Perot cavity is sensitive to both temperature and pressure, and therefore the cross sensitivity between the two parameters is compensated by constructing sensitivity coefficient matrixes of the two cavities, and the simultaneous measurement of the two parameters of temperature and strain is realized; the change of the flow field refractive index can cause the amplitude information of the microwave interference spectrum to correspondingly change, so that the multiphase flow field information including pressure, temperature and refractive index to be measured can be obtained at the same time by demodulating the frequency shift information and the amplitude information of the microwave interference spectrum.
8. A multi-phase flow multi-parameter optical fiber detection device based on microwave-over-light interference according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that: the device is used for measuring the flow state of two-phase flow and different flow types including gas-liquid and liquid-liquid or measuring the flow state of multiphase flow and different flow types including oil-gas-water three-phase flow.
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