CN112284146A - Device and method for recovering metallurgical waste heat - Google Patents
Device and method for recovering metallurgical waste heat Download PDFInfo
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- CN112284146A CN112284146A CN202011171995.XA CN202011171995A CN112284146A CN 112284146 A CN112284146 A CN 112284146A CN 202011171995 A CN202011171995 A CN 202011171995A CN 112284146 A CN112284146 A CN 112284146A
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
- F27D—DETAILS OR ACCESSORIES OF FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS, IN SO FAR AS THEY ARE OF KINDS OCCURRING IN MORE THAN ONE KIND OF FURNACE
- F27D17/00—Arrangements for using waste heat; Arrangements for using, or disposing of, waste gases
- F27D17/004—Systems for reclaiming waste heat
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10B—DESTRUCTIVE DISTILLATION OF CARBONACEOUS MATERIALS FOR PRODUCTION OF GAS, COKE, TAR, OR SIMILAR MATERIALS
- C10B27/00—Arrangements for withdrawal of the distillation gases
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F26—DRYING
- F26B—DRYING SOLID MATERIALS OR OBJECTS BY REMOVING LIQUID THEREFROM
- F26B21/00—Arrangements or duct systems, e.g. in combination with pallet boxes, for supplying and controlling air or gases for drying solid materials or objects
- F26B21/001—Drying-air generating units, e.g. movable, independent of drying enclosure
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P10/00—Technologies related to metal processing
- Y02P10/25—Process efficiency
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P20/00—Technologies relating to chemical industry
- Y02P20/10—Process efficiency
- Y02P20/129—Energy recovery, e.g. by cogeneration, H2recovery or pressure recovery turbines
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P70/00—Climate change mitigation technologies in the production process for final industrial or consumer products
- Y02P70/10—Greenhouse gas [GHG] capture, material saving, heat recovery or other energy efficient measures, e.g. motor control, characterised by manufacturing processes, e.g. for rolling metal or metal working
Abstract
The invention relates to a device and a method for recovering metallurgical waste heat, and belongs to the technical field of metallurgical waste heat recovery and utilization. The invention is designed into a two-stage drying process, adopts the thought of utilizing waste heat resources in a gradient way, and utilizes the high-grade waste heat in the coking raw gas of 650-850 ℃ and the low-grade waste heat in the smoke of 150-350 ℃ generated by a furnace kiln in the steel industry to dry the solid materials for steel smelting required in the steel process flow. By adopting the process, the sensible heat of the raw gas of the coke oven and the waste heat of the flue gas of the industrial furnace in the steel industry can be economically, effectively and high-quality recovered, and the process has important significance for promoting the energy-saving technical progress of steel enterprises, reducing the carbon emission in the production process and the sensible heat recovery economy.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a device and a method for recovering metallurgical waste heat, and belongs to the technical field of metallurgical waste heat recovery and utilization.
Background
The energy used by the steel industry in China is high, which accounts for about 16% of the total energy consumption in China and is the largest user of primary energy. However, the associated waste heat resources in the production process of the steel industry in China are about 1.2-1.6 billion tce, the waste heat recovery rates of various enterprises are different, and the average recovery utilization rate is only about 35%. The waste heat recovery utilization rate of the steel industry is improved by 10 percent, and more than 1000 ten thousand tce can be recovered every year.
During the coking process of the coke oven, the temperature of the raw coke oven gas in the ascending pipe of the coke oven is as high as 650-850 ℃, and the raw coke oven gas contains a large amount of sensible heat and belongs to medium and high grade energy. In actual production, in order to ensure the safety of equipment and smooth process, the common method is to cool the medium-high temperature raw gas by adopting an ammonia water spraying and quenching process, namely, circulating ammonia water is sprayed on a bridge pipe and a gas collecting pipe to directly contact with the raw gas, so that the raw gas is rapidly cooled to 80-85 ℃, and the cooled raw gas is indirectly cooled to normal temperature by using cooling water in a primary cooler. The process flow not only wastes a large amount of sensible heat of the raw coke oven gas, but also consumes a large amount of ammonia water and industrial cooling water, thereby causing a large amount of sewage discharge and power consumption.
The industrial furnaces such as hot blast stoves, heating furnaces, ladle baking and the like are key heating equipment in the metallurgical industry, and metallurgical by-product gas, namely blast furnace gas, coke oven gas and converter gas, is used to generate flue gas. The smoke exhaust temperature is mostly over 150 ℃, and a few even 300 ℃, which belongs to medium and low grade energy, the existing treatment mode is direct emission, not only waste heat resources are wasted, but also thermal pollution is caused to the surrounding environment.
The solid materials for iron and steel smelting required in the process flow in the iron and steel industry have strict requirements on the moisture content, and must be dried before production. Most of high-value energy sources such as coal gas, steam and the like used in the process are used, and waste heat resources in the steel process are rarely utilized, for example, the drying application of coal injection used for blast furnace ironmaking is mostly a coal gas combustion and hot air flue gas co-drying process, and steam in the steam drying process used for coking coal drying generally comes from temperature reduction and pressure reduction of medium-pressure steam used for dry quenching power generation and the like.
Disclosure of Invention
The first technical problem to be solved by the invention is as follows: provides a device for recovering metallurgical waste heat, which can economically, effectively and high-quality recover the sensible heat of raw gas of a coke oven and the waste heat of flue gas of an industrial furnace in the steel industry.
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention adopts the technical scheme that: the device for recovering the metallurgical waste heat comprises a coke oven crude gas riser, wherein a heat exchanger is sleeved inside or outside the coke oven crude gas riser, the input end of the heat exchanger is connected with an oil inlet main pipe, the oil inlet main pipe is connected to an oil tank through an oil feed pump and a pipeline, and the oil inlet end of the oil feed pump is positioned at one end close to the oil tank; the output end of the heat exchanger is connected with a steam return main pipe, the steam return main pipe is connected to the upper part of the oil steam collecting box through a pipeline, the upper part of the oil steam collecting box is connected to the steam inlet end of the heat exchanger of the primary dryer through a circulating pump and a pipeline, and the condensation oil return end of the heat exchanger of the primary dryer is connected to the oil tank through a pipeline; the feed end of one-level desicator has set first feed bin, and the feed end of second grade desicator is connected to the discharge end of one-level desicator, and the discharge end of second grade desicator has set the second feed bin, and the heat exchanger inlet end of second grade desicator has set draught fan and connecting tube, and the heat exchanger of second grade desicator gives vent to anger the end and connects exhaust emission processing apparatus. Preferably, the lower part of the oil vapor collection tank is connected with the oil tank through a conveying pipeline and a valve.
Further, the method comprises the following steps: a pipeline between the upper part of the oil vapor collection box and the vapor inlet end of the heat exchanger of the primary dryer is provided with a vapor physical property signal collector, the first storage bin is provided with a first storage bin material signal collector, a pipeline between the discharge end of the primary dryer and the secondary dryer is provided with a primary dried material signal collector, and a pipeline between the discharge end of the secondary dryer and the second storage bin is provided with a secondary dried material signal collector; and the circulating pump, the induced draft fan, the steam physical property signal collector, the first bin material signal collector, the first-stage dried material signal collector and the second-stage dried material signal collector are electrically connected with the control system.
Further, the method comprises the following steps: and a temperature signal collector is arranged on an oil pipeline between the outlet of the oil tank and the crude gas riser heat exchanger of the coke oven, and the temperature signal collector and the oil feed pump are electrically connected with a control system.
On the basis of the device for recovering the metallurgical waste heat, the invention also provides a method for recovering the metallurgical waste heat, which comprises the following steps:
oil working medium with low boiling point firstly enters an oil tank, and is shunted by an oil feeding main pipe to enter a heat exchanger matched with a raw coke oven gas ascending pipe of a coke oven by utilizing an oil feeding pump, the raw coke gas flows from the inner layer to the lower part and the upper part in the raw coke oven gas ascending pipe, heat exchange is carried out through the heat exchanger to generate oil vapor, the oil vapor enters the upper part of an oil vapor collecting tank through a vapor return main pipe to carry out vapor-liquid separation, the oil vapor is pumped into a related heat exchanger pipeline in a primary dryer through a circulating pump to release heat to become condensed return oil, and finally the condensed return oil flows back; liquid oil at the lower part of the oil vapor collection tank also flows back to the oil tank to form a closed loop; the low boiling point oil working medium refers to oil working medium with the boiling point of-30-20 ℃;
the first storage bin stores steel smelting solid materials to be dried, the steel smelting solid materials enter the primary dryer to absorb heat released by oil vapor, moisture in the materials is dried, primary drying is completed, and then the materials enter the secondary dryer;
waste heat flue gas enters a heat exchanger pipeline of the secondary dryer through the induced draft fan, heat exchange is carried out again in the secondary dryer with the steel smelting solid material dried in the previous stage, the waste heat flue gas releases heat, the steel smelting solid material further absorbs heat and is dried to the required material humidity range, then the next procedure is carried out, and the flue gas after heat exchange is directly discharged through the tail gas emission treatment device.
Further, the method comprises the following steps: the temperature of the raw gas in the coke oven raw gas riser is 650-850 ℃; the waste heat flue gas is selected from a heat source with the temperature of 150-350 ℃.
Further, the method comprises the following steps: the waste heat flue gas is flue gas discharged by a hot blast stove, or sintering flue gas, or flue gas of a heating furnace, or flue gas generated after baking a steel ladle.
Further, the method comprises the following steps: acquiring thermophysical parameters of the oil vapor through a vapor signal collector, wherein the physical parameters comprise temperature, pressure and flow; collecting physical parameters of steel smelting solid materials to be dried through a first bin material signal collector, wherein the physical parameters comprise humidity and flow; collecting physical parameters of the steel smelting solid material after primary drying by a material signal collector after primary drying, wherein the physical parameters comprise humidity and flow; collecting physical parameters of the steel smelting solid material after the secondary drying through a material signal collector after the secondary drying, wherein the physical parameters comprise humidity and flow; the circulating pump and the induced draft fan are both provided with an intelligent logic calculator and an automatic execution module, and the control signal sources corresponding to the circulating pump are a steam signal collector, a first bin material signal collector and a first-stage dried material signal collector; the control signal sources corresponding to the induced draft fan are a material signal collector after primary drying and a material signal collector after secondary drying; an intelligent logic calculator configured for the circulating pump, wherein the corresponding frequency parameter and opening parameter of the circulating pump are obtained by utilizing a related thermal intelligent algorithm arranged in the intelligent logic calculator according to physical property signals of steam and materials collected by the plurality of collectors; an intelligent logic calculator configured for the induced draft fan obtains corresponding frequency parameters and blade opening parameters of the induced draft fan by using a related thermal intelligent algorithm built in the intelligent logic calculator according to physical property signals of materials collected by a plurality of collectors; and then automatically adjusting the induced draft fan and the circulating pump through the automatic execution module according to the calculated action parameters to finish automatic control.
Further, the method comprises the following steps: the temperature of oil working medium before entering the coke oven crude gas riser heat exchanger is collected through a temperature signal collector, and when the collected oil working medium temperature exceeds a preset safety threshold value, an oil supply pump acts to increase the oil supply amount.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: the design is a two-stage drying process, adopts the thought of utilizing waste heat resources in a gradient way, and utilizes the high-grade waste heat in the coking raw gas of 650-850 ℃ and the low-grade waste heat in the smoke of 150-350 ℃ generated by a furnace kiln in the steel industry to dry the solid materials for steel smelting required in the steel process flow. In the two-stage control, the heat source of the first-stage drying is middle-high quality waste heat at 650-850 ℃, the quality and quantity of the waste heat are higher than those of the second-stage drying, and the system stability and safety requirements of the first-stage drying equipment are higher. By adopting the process, the sensible heat of the raw gas of the coke oven and the waste heat of the flue gas of the industrial furnace in the steel industry can be economically, effectively and high-quality recovered, and the process has important significance for promoting the energy-saving technical progress of steel enterprises, reducing the carbon emission in the production process and the sensible heat recovery economy.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic view of the overall structure of the apparatus of the present invention.
Labeled as: 1-low boiling point oil working medium; 2-an oil tank; 3-oil vapor collection box; 4-a raw coke oven gas riser; 5-a first silo; 6-primary dryer; 7-a secondary dryer; 8-a second silo; 9-tail gas emission treatment device; 11-oil vapor; 12-condensing and returning oil; 13-residual heat flue gas; 14-next procedure; 15-steam return main pipe; 16-an oil inlet main pipe; a-a circulating water pump; b, an induced draft fan; c-oil supply pump; a-a steam physical property signal collector; b-a first bin material signal collector; c-a material signal collector after primary drying; d-a material signal collector after secondary drying; e-temperature signal collector.
Detailed Description
The invention is further explained below with reference to the drawings and examples.
As shown in figure 1, the device for recovering metallurgical waste heat comprises a coke oven crude gas ascending pipe 4, wherein a heat exchanger is sleeved inside or outside the coke oven crude gas ascending pipe 4, the input end of the heat exchanger is connected with an oil inlet main pipe 16, the oil inlet main pipe 16 is connected to an oil tank 2 through an oil feeding pump C and a pipeline, and the oil inlet end of the oil feeding pump C is positioned at one end close to the oil tank 2; the output end of the heat exchanger is connected with a steam return main pipe 15, the steam return main pipe 15 is connected to the upper part of the oil steam collecting box 3 through a pipeline, the upper part of the oil steam collecting box 3 is connected to the steam inlet end of the heat exchanger of the primary dryer 6 through a circulating pump A and a pipeline, and the condensation oil return end of the heat exchanger of the primary dryer 6 is connected to the oil tank 2 through a pipeline; the feed end of one-level desicator 6 has set first feed bin 5, and the feed end of second grade desicator 7 is connected to the discharge end of one-level desicator 6, and the discharge end of second grade desicator 7 has set second feed bin 8, and the heat exchanger inlet end of second grade desicator 7 has set draught fan B and connecting tube, and the heat exchanger of second grade desicator 7 is given vent to anger the end and is connected tail gas emission processing apparatus 9. Preferably, the lower part of the oil vapor collection tank 3 is connected with the oil tank 2 through a delivery pipe and a valve. The tail gas emission treatment device 9 generally adopts a chimney directly. The nature of the coke oven crude gas ascending pipe 4 is a cylinder with a wall thickness, crude gas flows from the inner layer to the lower part and the upper part, a dividing wall type or a built-in type is adopted by the heat exchanger, desalted water and the crude gas are separated by the inner wall of the ascending pipe or the shell of the heat exchanger for heat exchange, and the taken heat can be sensible heat of the crude gas in a group of ascending pipes or sensible heat of the crude gas in the ascending pipe of the whole coke oven.
In order to realize intelligent control, the invention simultaneously designs a matched intelligent control system, and the specific structure is as follows: a steam physical property signal collector a is arranged on a pipeline between the upper part of the oil steam collecting box 3 and the steam inlet end of the heat exchanger of the primary dryer 6, a first bin 5 is provided with a first bin material signal collector b, a pipeline between the discharge end of the primary dryer 6 and the secondary dryer 7 is provided with a primary dried material signal collector c, and a pipeline between the discharge end of the secondary dryer 7 and the second bin 8 is provided with a secondary dried material signal collector d; and the circulating pump A, the induced draft fan B, the steam physical property signal collector a, the first bin material signal collector B, the first-stage dried material signal collector c and the second-stage dried material signal collector d are electrically connected with the control system. And a temperature signal collector e is arranged on an oil pipeline between the outlet of the oil tank 2 and the heat exchanger of the crude gas ascending pipe 4 of the coke oven, and the temperature signal collector e and the oil feed pump C are electrically connected with a control system.
When the device for recovering the metallurgical waste heat is used for implementation, the method comprises the following steps:
the low-boiling-point oil working medium 1 firstly enters an oil tank 2, and is shunted by an oil feed pump C through an oil inlet main pipe 16 to enter a heat exchanger arranged in a coke oven crude gas ascending pipe 4, the crude gas flows from the inner layer of the coke oven crude gas ascending pipe 4 to the lower part and flows upwards, heat exchange is carried out through the heat exchanger to generate oil vapor, the oil vapor enters the upper part of an oil vapor collection box 3 through a vapor return main pipe 15 to carry out vapor-liquid separation, the oil vapor is injected into a related heat exchanger pipeline in a primary dryer 6 through a circulating pump A to release heat to become condensed return oil, and finally the condensed return oil flows back to the oil tank 2 to; liquid oil at the lower part of the oil vapor collection tank 3 also flows back to the oil tank 2 to form a closed loop; the low boiling point oil working medium 1 is oil working medium with the boiling point of-30-20 ℃;
the first bin 5 stores the solid steel smelting materials to be dried, the solid steel smelting materials enter the primary dryer 6 to absorb heat released by oil vapor, moisture in the materials is dried, primary drying is completed, and then the solid steel smelting materials enter the secondary dryer 7; waste heat flue gas 13 gets into the heat exchanger pipeline of second grade desicator 7 through draught fan B, carries out heat exchange in second grade desicator 7 with the steel smelting solid material after the last level is dried once more, and waste heat flue gas 13 is exothermic, and steel smelting solid material further absorbs heat, and is dry to required material humidity range, then gets into one process next, and the flue gas directly discharges away through tail gas emission processing apparatus 9 after the heat exchange.
Specifically, the temperature of the raw gas in the coke oven raw gas riser 4 is 650-850 ℃; the waste heat flue gas 13 is selected from a heat source with the temperature of 150-350 ℃. The waste heat flue gas 13 can be flue gas discharged by a hot blast stove, or sintering flue gas, or flue gas generated by a heating furnace, or flue gas generated after baking a steel ladle, or flue gas generated by heating equipment of other steel and iron united enterprises at 150-350 ℃. The solid material for iron and steel smelting in the invention can be blast furnace coal injection, or coke oven coal, or metallurgical solid material such as metallurgical dust, and can also be other solid materials.
In the two-stage control, the heat source of the first-stage drying is middle-high quality waste heat at 650-850 ℃, the quality and quantity of the waste heat are higher than those of the second-stage drying, and the system stability and safety requirements of the first-stage drying equipment are higher.
The invention is designed with three control models, intelligent autonomous control, remote central control and local manual control. When the working condition is stable, intelligent control is put into use to realize intelligent unmanned operation, and when an accident occurs, the remote central control and the local manual control are combined to realize manual intervention.
Specifically, intelligent autonomous control may be implemented as follows: acquiring thermal physical parameters of the oil steam through a steam signal collector a, wherein the physical parameters comprise temperature, pressure and flow; collecting physical parameters of the steel smelting solid material to be dried through a first bin material signal collector b, wherein the physical parameters comprise humidity and flow; collecting physical parameters of the steel smelting solid material after primary drying by a material signal collector c after primary drying, wherein the physical parameters comprise humidity and flow; collecting physical parameters of the steel smelting solid material after the secondary drying through a material signal collector d after the secondary drying, wherein the physical parameters comprise humidity and flow; the circulating pump A and the induced draft fan B are both provided with an intelligent logic calculator and an automatic execution module, and the control signal sources corresponding to the circulating pump A are a steam signal collector a, a first bin material signal collector B and a first-stage dried material signal collector c; the control signal source corresponding to the induced draft fan B is a first-stage dried material signal collector c and a second-stage dried material signal collector d; an intelligent logic calculator configured for the circulating pump A obtains corresponding frequency parameters and opening parameters of the circulating pump A by utilizing a related thermal intelligent algorithm built in the intelligent logic calculator according to physical property signals of steam and materials collected by the plurality of collectors; an intelligent logic calculator configured for the induced draft fan B obtains corresponding frequency parameters and blade opening parameters of the induced draft fan B by using a related thermal intelligent algorithm built in the intelligent logic calculator according to physical property signals of materials collected by a plurality of collectors; and then automatically adjusting the induced draft fan B and the circulating pump A through an automatic execution module according to the calculated action parameters to finish automatic control.
In addition, because the over-high temperature of the low-boiling point oil working medium can cause the heat exchange property of the heat exchange working medium to be deteriorated, even the phenomenon of carbonization and coking is generated, the oil pipeline between the outlet of the oil tank 2 and the heat exchanger of the crude gas ascending pipe 4 of the coke oven is provided with the temperature signal collector e, when the temperature signal collector e is used, the temperature of the oil working medium before entering the heat exchanger of the crude gas ascending pipe 4 of the coke oven is collected, when the collected temperature of the oil working medium exceeds a preset safety threshold value, the oil feeding pump C is operated, the oil supply amount is increased, the temperature of the heat exchange working medium is reduced, and the primary drying system is ensured to operate at the.
Example 1
If the steel smelting material is blast furnace coal injection, the coal injection amount is 25t/h, and the physical property parameters are as follows: the humidity of the coal is 12%, the moisture content of the coal is about 200g/kg, and the humidity of the coal powder needs to be reduced to 1% after the coal is dried. The primary drying heat source adopts a coke oven riser heat exchanger, and the waste heat of the coking raw gas is collected by using a low-boiling point working medium R235fa to generate superheated steam of 10t/h, 1.0Mpa and 130 ℃; the heat source of the secondary drying is taken from the residual heat flue gas of a blast furnace hot blast stove set, the temperature of the flue gas is 180 ℃, and the flow rate is 29 ten thousand meters3The environment temperature is 30 ℃, the process for drying the steel smelting material by using the metallurgical waste heat in the invention has the output capacity of 10t/h of a circulating pump and the capacity of a draught fan of 15 ten thousand meters3And h, acquiring parameter signals by a collector and calculating by a built-in intelligent logic computer, wherein the opening degree of an induced draft fan of the secondary drying is 39-42%, the opening degree of a circulating pump is 50-61%, outputting the signals to the circulating pump and an automatic actuating mechanism of the induced draft fan, starting to act, completing primary regulation control, and then performing secondary drying control regulation control to finally realize the accurate control that the moisture content of the coal injection after the primary drying is reduced from 12% to 3-4%, and the moisture content of the coal injection after the secondary drying is 0.8-1.2%.
Example 2
If the steel smelting material is blast furnace coal injection, the coal injection amount is 25t/h, and the physical property parameters are as follows: the humidity of the coal is 12%, the moisture content of the coal is about 200g/kg, and the humidity of the coal powder needs to be reduced to 1% after the coal is dried. The primary drying heat source adopts a coke oven riser heat exchanger, and the waste heat of the coking raw gas is recovered by using a low-boiling point working medium R236fa to generate superheated steam of 8t/h, 1Mpa and 180 ℃. The heat source of the secondary drying is taken from the waste heat flue gas of the heating furnace of the hot rolling mill, the temperature of the flue gas is 470 ℃, and the flow rate is 55000m3H, ambient temperature of 4At 0 ℃, if the output capacity of the circulating pump is 8.5t/h and the capacity of the induced draft fan is 6 ten thousand meters by using the metallurgical waste heat to dry the steel smelting materials3And h, acquiring parameter signals by a collector and calculating by a built-in intelligent logic computer, wherein the opening degree of a secondary drying induced draft fan is 55-69%, the opening degree of a circulating pump is 40-43%, then outputting the signals to the circulating pump and an automatic execution mechanism of the induced draft fan, starting to act, completing primary regulation control, and then performing regulation control of secondary drying control. The moisture content of the coal injection after the primary drying is reduced from 12 percent to 4 to 5 percent, and the moisture content of the coal injection after the secondary drying is accurately controlled to reach 0.7 to 1.3 percent.
Claims (9)
1. The device for recovering the metallurgical waste heat comprises a coke oven crude gas ascending pipe (4), and is characterized in that: the heat exchanger is sleeved inside or on the outer wall of the coke oven crude gas ascending pipe (4), the input end of the heat exchanger is connected with the oil inlet main pipe (16), the oil inlet main pipe (16) is connected to the oil tank (2) through the oil feed pump (C) and a pipeline, and the oil inlet end of the oil feed pump (C) is positioned at one end close to the oil tank (2); the output end of the heat exchanger is connected with a steam return main pipe (15), the steam return main pipe (15) is connected to the upper part of the oil steam collecting box (3) through a pipeline, the upper part of the oil steam collecting box (3) is connected to the steam inlet end of the heat exchanger of the primary dryer (6) through a circulating pump (A) and a pipeline, and the condensation oil return end of the heat exchanger of the primary dryer (6) is connected to the oil tank (2) through a pipeline; the feed end of one-level desicator (6) has set first feed bin (5), and the feed end of second grade desicator (7) is connected to the discharge end of one-level desicator (6), and the discharge end of second grade desicator (7) has set second feed bin (8), and the heat exchanger inlet end of second grade desicator (7) has set draught fan (B) and connecting tube, and the heat exchanger of second grade desicator (7) is given vent to anger the end and is connected tail gas emission processing apparatus (9).
2. The apparatus for recovering metallurgical waste heat of claim 1, wherein: the lower part of the oil vapor collection tank (3) is connected with the oil tank (2) through a conveying pipeline and a valve.
3. The apparatus for recovering metallurgical waste heat of claim 1, wherein: a steam physical property signal collector (a) is arranged on a pipeline between the upper part of the oil steam collecting box (3) and the steam inlet end of a heat exchanger of the primary dryer (6), a first bin (5) is provided with a first bin material signal collector (b), a pipeline between the discharge end of the primary dryer (6) and the secondary dryer (7) is provided with a primary dried material signal collector (c), and a pipeline between the discharge end of the secondary dryer (7) and the second bin (8) is provided with a secondary dried material signal collector (d); and the circulating pump (A), the draught fan (B), the steam physical property signal collector (a), the first bin material signal collector (B), the first-stage dried material signal collector (c) and the second-stage dried material signal collector (d) are electrically connected with the control system.
4. The apparatus for recovering metallurgical waste heat of claim 1, wherein: and a temperature signal collector (e) is arranged on an oil pipeline between the outlet of the oil tank (2) and the heat exchanger of the crude gas ascension pipe (4) of the coke oven, and the temperature signal collector (e) and the oil feed pump (C) are electrically connected with a control system.
5. The method for recovering the metallurgical waste heat is characterized by comprising the following steps: the device for recovering the metallurgical waste heat is adopted, and comprises the following steps:
the low-boiling-point oil working medium (1) firstly enters an oil tank (2), and is shunted by an oil feed pump (C) through an oil inlet main pipe (16) to enter a heat exchanger arranged in a coke oven crude gas ascending pipe (4), crude gas flows from the inner layer of the coke oven crude gas ascending pipe (4) to the lower part and flows upwards, heat exchange is carried out through the heat exchanger to generate oil vapor, the oil vapor enters the upper part of an oil vapor collection box (3) through a vapor return main pipe (15) to carry out vapor-liquid separation, the oil vapor is injected into a related heat exchanger pipeline in a primary dryer (6) through a circulating pump (A) to release heat to become condensed return oil, and finally the condensed return oil returns to the oil tank (2) to form; liquid oil at the lower part of the oil vapor collection tank (3) also flows back to the oil tank (2) to form a closed loop; the low boiling point oil working medium (1) is oil working medium with the boiling point of-30-20 ℃;
the first storage bin (5) stores steel smelting solid materials to be dried, the steel smelting solid materials enter a primary dryer (6) to absorb heat released by oil vapor, moisture in the materials is dried, primary drying is completed, and then the materials enter a secondary dryer (7);
waste heat flue gas (13) enters a heat exchanger pipeline of a secondary dryer (7) through an induced draft fan (B), heat exchange is carried out again in the secondary dryer (7) with the steel smelting solid material dried in the previous stage, the waste heat flue gas (13) releases heat, the steel smelting solid material further absorbs heat, the steel smelting solid material is dried to reach the required material humidity range, then the steel smelting solid material enters the next procedure, and the flue gas after the heat exchange is directly discharged through a tail gas discharge processing device (9).
6. The method of recovering metallurgical waste heat of claim 5, wherein: the temperature of the raw gas in the coke oven raw gas riser (4) is 650-850 ℃; the waste heat smoke (13) is selected as a heat source with the temperature of 150-350 ℃.
7. The method of recovering metallurgical waste heat of claim 6, wherein: the waste heat flue gas (13) is flue gas discharged by a hot blast stove, or is sintering flue gas, or is flue gas of a heating furnace, or is flue gas generated after baking a steel ladle.
8. The method of recovering metallurgical waste heat of claim 5, wherein: collecting thermal physical parameters of oil steam through a steam signal collector (a), wherein the physical parameters comprise temperature, pressure and flow; collecting physical parameters of steel smelting solid materials to be dried through a first bin material signal collector (b), wherein the physical parameters comprise humidity and flow; collecting physical parameters of the steel smelting solid material after primary drying by a material signal collector (c) after primary drying, wherein the physical parameters comprise humidity and flow; collecting physical parameters of the steel smelting solid material after the secondary drying by a material signal collector (d) after the secondary drying, wherein the physical parameters comprise humidity and flow;
the circulating pump (A) and the induced draft fan (B) are both provided with an intelligent logic calculator and an automatic execution module, and the control signal sources corresponding to the circulating pump (A) are a steam signal collector (a), a first bin material signal collector (B) and a first-stage dried material signal collector (c); the control signal sources corresponding to the induced draft fan (B) are a first-stage dried material signal collector (c) and a second-stage dried material signal collector (d); an intelligent logic calculator configured for the circulating pump (A) obtains corresponding frequency parameters and opening parameters of the circulating pump (A) by utilizing a related thermal intelligent algorithm built in the intelligent logic calculator according to physical property signals of oil steam and materials collected by a plurality of collectors; an intelligent logic calculator configured on the induced draft fan (B) obtains corresponding frequency parameters and blade opening parameters of the induced draft fan (B) by utilizing a related thermal intelligent algorithm built in the intelligent logic calculator according to physical property signals of materials collected by a plurality of collectors;
and then automatically adjusting the induced draft fan (B) and the circulating pump (A) through an automatic execution module according to the calculated action parameters to finish automatic control.
9. The method of recovering metallurgical waste heat of claim 5, wherein: the temperature of oil working medium before entering a heat exchanger of the coke oven crude gas riser (4) is collected through a temperature signal collector (e), and when the collected oil working medium temperature exceeds a preset safety threshold, an oil feed pump (C) acts to increase the oil supply quantity.
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