Low-temperature drying device for camellia seeds
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of camellia seed drying, in particular to a low-temperature drying device for camellia seeds.
Background
The camellia oleosa seed oil has high nutritional value, is valued by governments and enterprises in recent years, and is also fiercely developing the camellia oleosa industry. However, in the current market, a perfect processing technology of the camellia seed oil is not formed, for example, in the aspect of drying and shelling of the camellia seeds, manual shelling is mostly adopted after the camellia seeds are naturally dried, the efficiency is low, and the production cost of the camellia seed oil is increased. Most of the water in the camellia seed is in the camellia seed kernels, but the camellia seed kernels are wrapped in the camellia seed shells, so that the drying efficiency is reduced, and the camellia seed shells become brittle in the drying process.
In the prior art, the dryer and the oil tea seed drying method with the application number of '201711261156.5' comprise a drying box, a driving part and a hot air device, wherein the oil tea seeds are dried by the hot air device, the driving part drives an inner cylinder and an outer cylinder to rotate, so that the oil tea seeds are dried more uniformly, then, the dried oil tea seed kernels are separated from oil tea seed shells, and finally, the oil tea seed kernels are dried again.
However, the prior art still has more defects, such as: 1, after the camellia seeds are dried, camellia seed hulls crack, but part of camellia seed hulls do not crack or the crack of the camellia seed hulls is small, so that part of camellia seed hulls cannot be separated from the camellia seed hulls; 2, in the camellia seed drying process, because the camellia seed kernels are wrapped in the camellia seed shells, the drying efficiency is reduced, the camellia seeds are dried until the camellia seed shells are completely cracked, separation is performed, the mode efficiency of drying the camellia seed kernels obtained through separation is lower, the drying time of the camellia seeds is prolonged, and the production cost is also improved.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a low-temperature drying device for camellia seeds, which aims to solve the problems in the background technology.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme:
a low-temperature drying device for camellia seeds comprises an outer barrel, a feeding unit, a hot air unit, an exhaust unit and a stirring unit, wherein the feeding unit comprises a feeding hole, and the feeding hole is formed above the outer barrel;
the hot air unit comprises an air heater, one side of the outer cylinder is provided with an air inlet, and a hot air outlet of the air heater is connected to the air inlet;
the exhaust unit comprises an induced draft fan, an exhaust port is formed in the other side of the outer barrel, and an induced draft port of the induced draft fan is connected to the exhaust port;
the stirring unit comprises a rotating rod and a rotating column, the rotating rod movably extends into the outer cylinder, one end of the rotating rod, which extends into the outer cylinder, is fixedly connected to the end face of the rotating column, and the connecting position of the rotating rod and the rotating column deviates from the circle center of the end face of the rotating column;
the side surface of the rotating column, which is close to the rotating rod, is fixedly connected with a plurality of porous stirring hollow rods, one side of the rotating column, which is far away from the side surface of the porous stirring hollow rods, is provided with a plurality of open slots, rotating wheels are movably arranged in the open slots, and the rotating wheels movably extend out of the open slots;
a through hole is formed in the center of the rotating wheel, a fixed rod movably penetrates through the through hole, and two ends of the fixed rod, which extend out of the through hole, are fixedly connected to the inner wall of the open slot respectively;
one side of the through hole, which is close to the part of the rotating wheel extending out of the open slot, is connected with a cutting groove, a cutting knife is movably arranged in the cutting groove, the cutting knife movably extends out of the cutting groove, and a first pulling spring is fixedly connected between one end of the cutting knife extending into the cutting groove and the fixed rod;
and a connecting rod is fixedly connected to the side surface of the part of the rotating wheel, which extends into the open slot, and a pulling spring II is fixedly connected between the connecting rod and the inner wall of the open slot.
Preferably, the porous stirring hollow rod is filled with activated carbon.
Preferably, one end of the rotating rod, which extends out of the outer cylinder, is arranged on a driving motor, and the driving motor is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the outer cylinder.
Preferably, the driving motor rotates anticlockwise, and the opened groove is positioned on the right side of the porous stirring mesoporous rod.
Preferably, a support column is fixedly connected to the lower portion of the outer cylinder.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. according to the device, the rotating column is eccentrically rotated through the design of the connecting position of the rotating rod and the rotating column, in the rotating process of the rotating column, the part, close to the inner wall of the outer cylinder body, of the rotating column extrudes the camellia seed shells in the outer cylinder body, the camellia seed shells are broken and cracked, camellia seed kernels are separated from camellia seed shells, the camellia seed kernels are directly dried and dehumidified by hot air, and the drying efficiency of camellia seeds is improved;
2. according to the device, through the design of the position of the open slot in the rotating column and the arrangement of the rotating wheel in the open slot, in the rotating process of the rotating column, the rotating wheel is firstly contacted with the camellia seed, and the camellia seed shell is cut by the cutting knife in the rotating wheel, so that the camellia seed shell is cracked, the rotating column extrudes the camellia seed shell, the crushing and cracking effect of the camellia seed shell is enhanced, and the camellia seed kernels are more easily separated from the camellia seed shell;
3. the device has the advantages that the first pulling spring and the second pulling spring are arranged in the rotating wheel, so that the cutting knife periodically extends out of the cutting groove and cuts the shell of the camellia seed, and the cutting effect is greatly improved;
4. this device is through filling the active carbon in the cavity pole in porous stirring, dehumidifies the tea-oil camellia seed at the stirring in-process, improves the drying efficiency of tea-oil camellia seed.
According to the low drying device for the camellia seeds, the connecting position of the rotating rod and the rotating column and the position of the open groove in the rotating column are designed, the rotating wheel is arranged in the open groove, and the camellia seed hulls are cut, extruded and crushed while the rapeseeds are dried, so that the camellia seed kernels are separated from the camellia seed hulls, and the camellia seed kernels are directly dried, therefore, the drying efficiency is greatly improved, the drying time is shortened, and the drying cost is saved.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a top view of the overall structure of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic top sectional view of the overall structure of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic cross-sectional view A of FIG. 2;
FIG. 4 is a schematic cross-sectional view B of FIG. 2;
FIG. 5 is an enlarged view of the structure of the area C in FIG. 4;
FIG. 6 is a schematic view showing the effect of the cutting knife of the present invention when it is retracted to the cutting groove;
FIG. 7 is an enlarged view of the structure of region D in FIG. 6;
FIG. 8 is a perspective view of the rotating post of the present invention;
fig. 9 is an enlarged schematic view of the structure of region E in fig. 8.
In the figure: the device comprises an outer cylinder body 1, a feed inlet 11, an air inlet 12, an air heater 2, an exhaust port 13, an induced draft fan 3, a rotating rod 4, a rotating column 5, an open slot 51, a fixed rod 52, a porous stirring hollow rod 6, a rotating wheel 7, a through hole 71, a cutting groove 72, a cutting knife 73, a first pulling spring 74, a connecting rod 75, a second pulling spring 76, active carbon 8, a driving motor 9 and a supporting column 10.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Referring to fig. 1-9, the present invention provides a technical solution:
a low-temperature drying device for camellia seeds comprises an outer barrel body 1, a feeding unit, a hot air unit, an exhaust unit and a stirring unit, wherein the feeding unit comprises a feeding hole 11, the feeding hole 11 is formed above the outer barrel body 1, and the camellia seeds enter the inner part of the outer barrel body 1 through the feeding hole 11 to be dried;
the hot air unit comprises an air heater 2, an air inlet 12 is formed in one side of the outer barrel 1, a hot air outlet of the air heater 2 is connected to the air inlet 12, hot air discharged by the air heater 2 enters the inner part of the outer barrel 1 through the air inlet 12, and the hot air dries the camellia seeds in the outer barrel 1 to evaporate water in the camellia seeds;
the exhaust unit comprises an induced draft fan 3, an exhaust port 13 is formed in the other side of the outer cylinder 1, an induced draft port of the induced draft fan 3 is connected to the exhaust port 13, the induced draft fan 3 leads out moisture in the outer cylinder 1 through the exhaust port 13, and air in the outer cylinder 1 is kept to circulate and dry;
the stirring unit comprises a rotating rod 4 and a rotating column 5, the rotating rod 4 movably extends into the outer barrel body 1, one end, extending into the outer barrel body 1, of the rotating rod 4 is fixedly connected to the end face of the rotating column 5, the connecting position of the rotating rod 4 and the rotating column 5 deviates from the circle center of the end face of the rotating column 5, the rotating rod 4 drives the rotating column 5 to eccentrically rotate, so that the part, close to the inner wall of the outer barrel body 1, of the rotating column 5 extrudes the camellia seed shells in the outer barrel body 1 in the rotating process of the rotating column 5, the camellia seed shells are broken and cracked, camellia seed kernels are separated from camellia seed shells, the camellia seed kernels are directly dried and dehumidified by hot air, and the drying efficiency of the camellia seeds is improved;
the side face, close to the rotating rod 4, of the rotating column 5 is fixedly connected with a plurality of porous stirring hollow rods 6, the porous stirring hollow rods 6 rotate to stir the camellia seeds in the outer barrel, so that the camellia seeds are uniformly heated in the drying process, one side, far away from the side face of the porous stirring hollow rods 6, of the rotating column 5 is provided with a plurality of open grooves 51, rotating wheels 7 are movably arranged in the open grooves 51, the rotating wheels 7 movably extend out of the open grooves 51, in the rotating process of the rotating column 5, the rotating wheels 7 are firstly contacted with the camellia seeds, the camellia seed shells are cut through cutting knives 73 in the rotating wheels 7, cracking of the camellia seed shells occurs, the rotating column 5 extrudes the camellia seed shells, the cracking effect of the camellia seed shells is enhanced, and the camellia seed kernels are easily separated from the camellia seed;
a through hole 71 is formed in the center of the rotating wheel 7, a fixing rod 52 movably penetrates through the through hole 71, two ends of the fixing rod 52 extending out of the through hole 71 are respectively and fixedly connected to the inner wall of the open slot 51, and in the rotating process of the rotating column 5, the rotating wheel 7 is in contact with the camellia seeds and generates relative displacement, so that the rotating wheel 7 rotates;
one side of the through hole 71, which is close to the part of the rotating wheel 7 extending out of the open slot 51, is connected with a cutting groove 72, a cutting knife 73 is movably arranged in the cutting groove 72, the cutting knife 73 movably extends out of the cutting groove 72, the cutting knife 73 extends out and cuts the camellia seed shell, so that the camellia seed shell is cracked, the camellia seed can be conveniently extruded and crushed by the subsequent rotating column 5, a pulling spring I74 is fixedly connected between one end of the cutting knife 73 extending into the cutting groove 72 and the fixing rod 52, when the rotating wheel 7 rotates, the cutting knife 73 rotates along with the rotating wheel 7, the fixing rod 52 does not rotate, the pulling spring I74 is lengthened, the pulling spring I74 pulls the cutting knife 73 to move, and the cutting knife 73 leaves the camellia seed shell and is retracted into;
the side of the part of the rotating wheel 7 extending into the open slot 51 is fixedly connected with a connecting rod 75, a second pulling spring 76 is fixedly connected between the connecting rod 75 and the inner wall of the open slot 51, when the rotating wheel 7 rotates, the rotating wheel 7 drives the connecting rod 75 to rotate, the connecting rod 75 rotates in the direction away from or close to the second pulling spring 76, the second pulling spring 76 is stretched or contracted, when the elastic force of the second pulling spring 76 is greater than the friction force between the rotating wheel 7 and the camellia seeds, the second pulling spring 76 drives the connecting rod 75 to rotate in the opposite direction, the rotating wheel 7 rotates in the opposite direction to reset, and the cutting knife 73 extends out of the cutting groove 72 again and cuts the camellia seed shells.
Specifically, the cavity pole 6 inside packing has active carbon 8 in the porous stirring, and in the tea-oil camellia seed stoving in-process, moisture in the tea-oil camellia seed is evaporated, but the tea-oil camellia seed mixes together and makes moisture be difficult to discharge, and moisture is attached to on the tea-oil camellia seed, and porous stirring well pole 6 is in stirring in-process direct and the contact of tea-oil camellia seed, utilizes active carbon 8 to adsorb the surperficial moisture of tea-oil camellia seed, improves the drying efficiency of tea-oil camellia seed.
Specifically, the one end that bull stick 4 stretches out outer barrel 1 is installed on driving motor 9, and driving motor 9 fixed connection is on outer barrel 1 inner wall, and driving motor 9 rotates for bull stick 4 and provides power.
Specifically, the driving motor 9 rotates anticlockwise, and the open slot 51 is located the right side of the porous stirring mesoporous rod 6, so that the rotating column 5 contacts with the camellia seeds firstly by the rotating wheel 7 in the rotating process, and the rotating column 5 contacts with the camellia seeds.
Specifically, the support column 10 is fixedly connected to the lower portion of the outer cylinder 1, and the support column 10 enhances the stability of the whole device.
The working principle is as follows: the rotating rod 4 drives the rotating column 5 to eccentrically rotate, the rotating wheel 7 is firstly contacted with the camellia seed, and the camellia seed shell is cut by the cutting knife 73 in the rotating wheel 7, so that the camellia seed shell is cracked, and the rotating column 5 extrudes the camellia seed shell, so that the crushing and cracking effect of the camellia seed shell is enhanced;
in the rotating process of the rotating column 5, the rotating wheel 7 is in contact with the camellia seeds and generates relative displacement, so that the rotating wheel 7 rotates, the cutting knife 73 rotates along with the rotating wheel 7, the first pulling spring 74 is stretched, the first pulling spring 74 pulls the cutting knife 73 to move, the cutting knife 73 leaves the shell of the camellia seeds and retracts into the cutting groove 72, the rotating wheel 7 drives the connecting rod 75 to rotate, the connecting rod 75 rotates in the direction away from or close to the second pulling spring 76, and the second pulling spring 76 is stretched or contracted;
the rotating column 5 continues to rotate, when the elastic force of the second pulling spring 76 is greater than the friction force between the rotating wheel 7 and the camellia seeds, the second pulling spring 76 drives the connecting rod 75 to rotate in the opposite direction, so that the rotating wheel 7 rotates in the opposite direction to reset, and the cutting knife 73 extends out of the cutting groove 72 again and cuts the shells of the camellia seeds.
Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made in these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined in the appended claims and their equivalents.