CN112283022A - Impeller with adjustable blade number and working method thereof - Google Patents
Impeller with adjustable blade number and working method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN112283022A CN112283022A CN202011296569.9A CN202011296569A CN112283022A CN 112283022 A CN112283022 A CN 112283022A CN 202011296569 A CN202011296569 A CN 202011296569A CN 112283022 A CN112283022 A CN 112283022A
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- adjustable
- hub
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- rod
- blades
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 21
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 claims description 13
- 230000003068 static effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000010248 power generation Methods 0.000 abstract description 5
- 238000010408 sweeping Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F03D—WIND MOTORS
- F03D1/00—Wind motors with rotation axis substantially parallel to the air flow entering the rotor
- F03D1/06—Rotors
- F03D1/0608—Rotors characterised by their aerodynamic shape
- F03D1/0625—Rotors characterised by their aerodynamic shape of the whole rotor, i.e. form features of the rotor unit
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F03D—WIND MOTORS
- F03D1/00—Wind motors with rotation axis substantially parallel to the air flow entering the rotor
- F03D1/06—Rotors
- F03D1/0608—Rotors characterised by their aerodynamic shape
- F03D1/0633—Rotors characterised by their aerodynamic shape of the blades
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F03D—WIND MOTORS
- F03D1/00—Wind motors with rotation axis substantially parallel to the air flow entering the rotor
- F03D1/06—Rotors
- F03D1/065—Rotors characterised by their construction elements
- F03D1/0658—Arrangements for fixing wind-engaging parts to a hub
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F03D—WIND MOTORS
- F03D1/00—Wind motors with rotation axis substantially parallel to the air flow entering the rotor
- F03D1/06—Rotors
- F03D1/065—Rotors characterised by their construction elements
- F03D1/0675—Rotors characterised by their construction elements of the blades
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F03D—WIND MOTORS
- F03D1/00—Wind motors with rotation axis substantially parallel to the air flow entering the rotor
- F03D1/06—Rotors
- F03D1/065—Rotors characterised by their construction elements
- F03D1/0691—Rotors characterised by their construction elements of the hub
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F03D—WIND MOTORS
- F03D7/00—Controlling wind motors
- F03D7/02—Controlling wind motors the wind motors having rotation axis substantially parallel to the air flow entering the rotor
- F03D7/022—Adjusting aerodynamic properties of the blades
- F03D7/0236—Adjusting aerodynamic properties of the blades by changing the active surface of the wind engaging parts, e.g. reefing or furling
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F03D—WIND MOTORS
- F03D7/00—Controlling wind motors
- F03D7/02—Controlling wind motors the wind motors having rotation axis substantially parallel to the air flow entering the rotor
- F03D7/022—Adjusting aerodynamic properties of the blades
- F03D7/024—Adjusting aerodynamic properties of the blades of individual blades
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F03D—WIND MOTORS
- F03D7/00—Controlling wind motors
- F03D7/02—Controlling wind motors the wind motors having rotation axis substantially parallel to the air flow entering the rotor
- F03D7/0264—Controlling wind motors the wind motors having rotation axis substantially parallel to the air flow entering the rotor for stopping; controlling in emergency situations
- F03D7/0268—Parking or storm protection
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
- F05B—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO WIND, SPRING, WEIGHT, INERTIA OR LIKE MOTORS, TO MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS COVERED BY SUBCLASSES F03B, F03D AND F03G
- F05B2260/00—Function
- F05B2260/70—Adjusting of angle of incidence or attack of rotating blades
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
- F05B—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO WIND, SPRING, WEIGHT, INERTIA OR LIKE MOTORS, TO MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS COVERED BY SUBCLASSES F03B, F03D AND F03G
- F05B2270/00—Control
- F05B2270/60—Control system actuates through
- F05B2270/602—Control system actuates through electrical actuators
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
- F05B—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO WIND, SPRING, WEIGHT, INERTIA OR LIKE MOTORS, TO MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS COVERED BY SUBCLASSES F03B, F03D AND F03G
- F05B2270/00—Control
- F05B2270/60—Control system actuates through
- F05B2270/604—Control system actuates through hydraulic actuators
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/70—Wind energy
- Y02E10/72—Wind turbines with rotation axis in wind direction
Abstract
An impeller with adjustable blade quantity and a working method thereof are disclosed, the impeller comprises fixed blades, a fixed hub, adjustable blades, an adjustable hub, a main shaft, a control device, a support rod, a hub axial fixing rod, a hydraulic locking pin shaft and a pin hole; wherein: the fixed blade is fixed outside the fixed hub, and the fixed hub is fixed on the end surface of the main shaft; the adjustable blades are connected with the adjustable hub through a bolt connecting structure, the hydraulic pump and the hydraulic cylinder drive the piston rod to move, and the driving connecting rod and the adjustable blades rotate around the screw rod to connect the adjustable hub with the main shaft through a spline structure; the axial fixing rod of the wheel hub is connected with the hydraulic locking pin shaft and the pin hole, so that the axial fixing of the adjustable wheel hub is realized; the control device drives the gear to rotate through the first motor, so that the control device moves in the horizontal direction, and the second motor drives the supporting rod to rotate and is used for connecting the wheel hub supporting hole. According to the change of the external wind speed of the wind turbine generator, the number of the blades of the impeller is adjustable, and the maximization of the power generation capacity of the wind turbine generator is realized.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of wind power generation, and particularly relates to an impeller with adjustable blade number and a working method thereof.
Background
With the rapid development of the wind power generation industry, the construction scale and the number of the wind power plants in China also increase rapidly. In recent years, areas with better wind resources, such as inner Mongolia, Gansu, Xinjiang and other areas, have been gradually utilized, most wind power plants newly built at present have poor wind resources and low annual average wind speed, and manufacturers increase the wind sweeping area of an impeller in a mode of increasing the length of blades in order to improve the wind energy utilization rate of a fan in a low wind speed section, so as to obtain higher wind energy utilization rate as much as possible.
However, the length of the blade is increased to improve the wind energy utilization rate, so that the potential safety hazard of equipment exists, and the unsafe events of tower sweeping, breakage and blade root bolt breakage of long blades (the length of a single blade is more than 50 meters) tend to rise in recent years. The reason for this problem is that: (1) the production process of the blade is complex, when the length of the blade is increased, the difficulty of the production process is increased, and the probability of the blade having process defects is greatly improved; (2) at present, the blades with the length of 90m are produced in mass, the longer the blades are, the stronger the blades are, when a fan is positioned in a complicated terrain area, the deformation of the blades can exceed the designed value when the wind turbulence intensity is high, and the tower sweeping and the fracture accidents of the blades are easy to happen; (3) the blade length increases along with blade weight increase, and the atress of blade operation in-process and wheel hub connecting bolt also can increase, takes place bolt fracture incident easily, influences the safe operation of blade and complete machine.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to overcome the problems in the prior art, the invention aims to provide an impeller with adjustable blade number and a working method thereof, which can realize the maximization of the generating capacity of a wind turbine and the safe and stable operation of fan equipment.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
an impeller with adjustable blade number comprises a main shaft 5, a fixed hub 2 fixed at one end of the main shaft 5, two fixed blades 1 fixed on the fixed hub 2, an adjustable hub 4 arranged on the main shaft 5 through a spline connection structure, two adjustable blades 3 arranged on the adjustable hub 4 through a bolt connection structure, a cabin 18 arranged at the other end of the main shaft 5, and a control device 19 arranged on a platform in the cabin 18; one end of an adjustable hub axial fixing rod 26 is fixed on the adjustable hub 4, when the four blades work, the other end of the adjustable hub axial fixing rod 26 is connected with a hydraulic locking pin shaft 27 and a pin hole 28 which are arranged inside the fixed hub 2 so as to fix the adjustable hub 4, and when the two blades work, the other end of the adjustable hub axial fixing rod 26 is suspended; the hydraulic cylinder 9 and the piston rod 10 are arranged on the inner wall of the adjustable hub 4 through the hydraulic pump 8, the shaft 12 is arranged on the inner wall of the adjustable blade 3, the connecting rod 11 is arranged on the shaft 12, and the piston rod 10 and the connecting rod 11 form a connecting rod mechanism for driving the two adjustable blades 3 to rotate around a screw 14 of the bolt connecting structure; the adjustable hub is characterized in that a first motor 20 and a second motor 24 are arranged inside the control device 19, the first motor 20 is connected with a gear 22 through an intermediate shaft 21 and drives the gear 22 to rotate, the gear 22 and a rack 23 form a gear pair structure for driving the control device 19 to move horizontally, the second motor 24 is connected with a driving support rod 25 and drives the driving support rod to rotate, the driving support rod 25 is used for being connected with a hub support hole 17 formed in the surface of the adjustable hub 4, a thread structure is arranged inside the hub support hole 17, and when the impeller works in a two-blade mode, an internal thread of the hub support hole 17 and an external thread at the end of the support rod 25 form a thread pair structure for fixing the adjustable hub.
The bolt connecting structure comprises a bearing 13, a screw rod 14, a nut 16 and a gasket 15, wherein the outer ring of the bearing 13 is arranged on the inner wall of the adjustable hub 4, one end of the screw rod 14 is arranged on the inner ring of the bearing 13, and the other end of the screw rod 14 is connected with the nut 16 and the gasket 15 through external threads.
The spline connection structure comprises an external spline 6 arranged on the surface of the main shaft 5 and a spline groove 7 arranged inside the adjustable hub 4, the main shaft 5 is connected with the adjustable hub 4 in the spline groove 7 through the external spline 6, and the process that the impeller works in a four-blade mode, and the adjustable hub 4 drives the main shaft 5 to rotate is achieved.
The surface of the adjustable hub 4 is provided with two hub supporting holes 17.
The working method of the impeller with the adjustable blade number is that,
1) when the fan is in a low wind speed condition, the fan generates electricity in a four-blade mode, in the state, the two fixed blades 1, the fixed hub, the two adjustable blades 3 and the adjustable hub 4 are all in a working state, and the adjustable hub 4 drives the main shaft 5 to rotate through the external spline 6 to generate electricity; the adjustable hub axial fixing rod 26 is connected with the hydraulic locking pin shaft 27 and the pin hole 28, so that the axial fixing of the adjustable hub 4 is realized;
2) when the wind speed of the position of the fan is changed from low wind speed to high wind speed, the impeller is adjusted from a four-blade form to a two-blade form; the specific adjustment process is as follows: the fan control system sends an instruction to stop the fan and controls the rotating speed of the impeller to be reduced to the position where the hub supporting hole 17 and the supporting rod 25 are coaxial, the control device 19 sends an instruction to control the first motor 20 to drive the gear 22 to rotate, and the rack 23 is fixed on a platform inside the engine room 18, so that the whole control device 19 moves towards the direction of the adjustable hub 4 along the rack 23 until the supporting rod 25 is in contact with the hub supporting hole 17 on the adjustable hub 4 and then stops; then the first motor 20 and the second motor 24 work simultaneously, and the driving support rod 25 is screwed into the hub support hole 17 until the driving support rod 25 is completely matched with the thread of the hub support hole 17; the internal mechanism of the fixed hub 2 acts to withdraw the hydraulic locking pin 27 from the pin hole 28 and release the adjustable hub axial fixing rod 26; the control device 19 sends out an instruction, the first motor 20 drives the gear 22 to rotate, and the control device 19 is driven to integrally move along the rack 23 in the direction away from the adjustable hub 4 until the adjustable hub 4 is completely separated from the external spline 6 and then stops; the fan control system sends out an instruction, the hydraulic pump 8 works to drive the piston rod 10 to move, the connecting rod 11 and the shaft 12 rotate, the adjustable blade 3 rotates around the axis of the screw 14 until the central line of the root of the adjustable blade is parallel to the central line of the main shaft 5, the hydraulic pump 8 stops working, the adjustable blade 3 is folded at the moment, and then the fan is started to generate power in a two-blade mode by the two fixed blades 1;
3) when the fan is in a high wind speed, the fan generates electricity in a two-blade mode, in the state, the two fixed blades 1 and the fixed hub 2 are in a working state, the adjustable hub 4 is completely separated from the external spline 6, the two adjustable blades 3 and the adjustable hub 4 are in a static state, and the support rod 25 bears the weight of the two adjustable blades 3 and the adjustable hub 4 and fixes the two adjustable blades 3 and the adjustable hub 4;
4) when the wind speed of the position of the fan is changed from high wind speed to low wind speed, the impeller is adjusted from a two-blade form to a four-blade form; the specific adjustment process is as follows: the fan control system sends an instruction to stop the fan, so that the external spline 6 and the spline groove 7 stop when being aligned along the axial direction of the main shaft; the hydraulic pump 8 works to drive the piston rod 10 to move, the connecting rod 11 and the shaft 12 rotate, the adjustable blade 3 rotates around the axis of the screw 14 until the central line of the root of the blade is vertical to the central line of the main shaft 5, the control cabinet 19 sends an instruction, the first motor 20 drives the gear 22 to rotate, the control cabinet 19 is driven to integrally move towards the adjustable hub 4 along the rack 23 until the adjustable hub 4 is completely matched with the external spline 6, and then the operation is stopped; at this time, the hole at the end of the adjustable hub axial fixing rod 26 is in a coaxial state with the pin hole 28, the mechanism in the fixed hub 2 acts, the hydraulic locking pin 27 is inserted into the pin hole 28, and the adjustable hub axial fixing rod 26 is firmly fixed; the first motor 20 and the second motor 24 work simultaneously, and the driving support rod 25 rotates and moves towards the cabin until the driving support rod 25 is completely separated from the thread of the hub support hole 17; the control device 19 gives a command, the first electric motor 20 drives the gear 22 to rotate, the control device 19 moves along the rack 23 in a direction away from the adjustable hub 4 as a whole, and then the fan is started to generate electricity in a four-blade manner.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages:
as is known to all, when the number of the blades is increased, the solidity of the impeller is correspondingly increased, the output torque is larger under the same wind speed, and the starting capability is strong under the low wind speed, so that the wind turbine generator can be started under the lower wind speed. On the premise of not lengthening the blades, the impeller generates power in a four-blade mode at a low wind speed period, and the structure can greatly improve the power generation capacity of the fan at the low wind speed; in a high wind speed period, the number of the impeller blades can be adjusted to two by the control system, and the load borne by the wind turbine generator in the operation process can be reduced by the adjusting method under the condition that the power generation capacity of the fan is met. Finally, the maximization of the generating capacity of the wind turbine generator and the safe and stable operation of the fan equipment are realized.
Drawings
Figure 1 is a schematic view of an impeller in the form of a four-bladed impeller.
Figure 2 is a schematic view of an impeller in the form of two blades.
Fig. 3 is a schematic view of the connection of the adjustable blade 3 with the adjustable hub 4.
Fig. 4 is a schematic view in the direction C of the hydraulic mechanism in fig. 3.
Fig. 5 is a schematic view a-a of the stationary hub 2 of fig. 1.
Fig. 6 is a schematic view B-B of the adjustable hub 4 of fig. 1.
Fig. 7 is a plan view of the blade adjustment control device inside the nacelle.
Description of reference numerals:
the hydraulic locking device comprises fixed blades 1, a fixed hub 2, adjustable blades 3, an adjustable hub 4, a main shaft 5, an external spline 6, a spline groove 7, a hydraulic pump 8, a hydraulic cylinder 9, a piston rod 10, a connecting rod 11, a shaft 12, a bearing 13, a screw 14, a gasket 15, a nut 16, a hub supporting hole 17, a cabin 18, a control device 19, a first motor 20, an intermediate shaft 21, a gear 22, a rack 23, a second motor 24, a supporting rod 25, an adjustable hub axial fixing rod 26, a hydraulic locking pin shaft 27 and a pin hole 28.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.
As shown in fig. 1, 2, 4 and 7, the impeller of the present invention with adjustable blade number comprises a main shaft 5, a fixed hub 2 fixed at one end of the main shaft 5, and two fixed blades 1 fixed on the fixed hub 2, and is characterized in that: the wind power generator further comprises an adjustable hub 4 arranged on the main shaft 5 through a spline connection structure, two adjustable blades 3 arranged on the adjustable hub 4 through a bolt connection structure, a cabin 18 arranged at the other end of the main shaft 5, and a control device 19 arranged on a platform in the cabin 18; one end of an adjustable hub axial fixing rod 26 is fixed on the adjustable hub 4, when the four blades work, the other end of the adjustable hub axial fixing rod 26 is connected with a hydraulic locking pin shaft 27 and a pin hole 28 which are arranged inside the fixed hub 2 so as to fix the adjustable hub 4, and when the two blades work, the other end of the adjustable hub axial fixing rod 26 is suspended; the hydraulic cylinder 9 and the piston rod 10 are arranged on the inner wall of the adjustable hub 4 through the hydraulic pump 8, the shaft 12 is arranged on the inner wall of the adjustable blade 3, the connecting rod 11 is arranged on the shaft 12, and the piston rod 10 and the connecting rod 11 form a connecting rod mechanism for driving the two adjustable blades 3 to rotate around a screw 14 of the bolt connecting structure; the adjustable hub is characterized in that a first motor 20 and a second motor 24 are arranged inside the control device 19, the first motor 20 is connected with a gear 22 through an intermediate shaft 21 and drives the gear 22 to rotate, the gear 22 and a rack 23 form a gear pair structure for driving the control device 19 to move horizontally, the second motor 24 is connected with a driving support rod 25 and drives the driving support rod to rotate, the driving support rod 25 is used for being connected with a hub support hole 17 formed in the surface of the adjustable hub 4, a thread structure is arranged inside the hub support hole 17, and when the impeller works in a two-blade mode, an internal thread of the hub support hole 17 and an external thread at the end of the support rod 25 form a thread pair structure for fixing the adjustable hub.
As shown in fig. 3, as a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the bolt connection structure includes a bearing 13, a screw 14, a nut 16 and a washer 15, an outer ring of the bearing 13 is disposed on an inner wall of the adjustable hub 4, one end of the screw 14 is disposed on an inner ring of the bearing 13, and the other end of the screw 14 is connected to the nut 16 and the washer 15 through an external thread.
Fig. 5 is a schematic view of two stationary blades 1 fixed to a stationary hub 2.
As shown in fig. 6, as a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the spline connection structure includes an external spline 6 disposed on the surface of the main shaft 5 and a spline groove 7 disposed inside the adjustable hub 4, and the main shaft 5 is connected with the adjustable hub 4 by placing the external spline 6 in the spline groove 7, so that a process that the adjustable hub 4 drives the main shaft 5 to rotate when the impeller works in a four-blade form is realized.
As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the adjustable hub 4 is provided with two hub supporting holes 17 on the surface.
The working method of the impeller with the number-adjustable blades comprises the following steps:
1) when the fan is in a low wind speed condition, the fan generates electricity in a four-bladed form, as shown in FIG. 1. Under the state, the two fixed blades 1, the fixed hub, the two adjustable blades 3 and the adjustable hub 4 are all in a working state, and the adjustable hub 4 drives the main shaft 5 to rotate through the external spline 6 to generate electricity. The adjustable hub axial fixing rod 26 is connected with the hydraulic locking pin shaft 27 and the pin hole 28, so that the adjustable hub 4 is axially fixed.
2) When the wind speed of the fan position is changed from low wind speed to high wind speed, the impeller is adjusted from a four-blade form to a two-blade form. The specific adjustment process is as follows: the fan control system sends a command to stop the fan and controls the impeller to stop when the rotating speed is reduced to a position where the two hub supporting holes 17 and the two supporting rods 25 are coaxial, as shown in fig. 1. The control device 19 sends out a command to control the first motor 20 to drive the gear 22 to rotate, and the rack 23 is fixed on the platform inside the nacelle 18, so that the whole control device 19 moves towards the adjustable hub 4 along the rack 23 until the support rod 25 contacts with the hub support hole 17 on the adjustable hub 4 and stops. Then the first motor 20 and the second motor 24 are operated simultaneously, and the driving support rod 25 is screwed into the hub support hole 17 until the driving support rod 25 is completely engaged with the thread of the hub support hole 17. The internal mechanism of the fixed hub 2 acts to withdraw the hydraulic locking pin 27 from the pin hole 28, releasing the adjustable hub axial fixing rod 26. The control device 19 sends out an instruction, the first motor 20 drives the gear 22 to rotate, and the control device 19 is driven to integrally move along the rack 23 in the direction away from the adjustable hub 4 until the adjustable hub 4 is completely separated from the external spline 6 and then stops. The fan control system sends out an instruction, the hydraulic pump 8 works to drive the piston rod 10 to move, the connecting rod 11 and the shaft 12 rotate, the adjustable blades 3 rotate around the axis of the screw 14 until the central line of the root of each adjustable blade is parallel to the central line of the main shaft 5, the first motor 8 stops rotating, and at the moment, the adjustable blades 3 of the impeller are folded, and the structure is shown in fig. 2. The fan is then started to generate electricity in the form of two blades with two fixed blades 1.
3) When the fan is at high wind speed, the fan generates electricity in a two-bladed form, as shown in fig. 2. Under the state, the two fixed blades 1 and the fixed hub 2 are in a working state, the adjustable hub 4 is completely separated from the external spline 6, the two adjustable blades 3 and the adjustable hub 4 are in a static state, and the support rod 25 bears the weight of the two adjustable blades 3 and the adjustable hub 4 and fixes the two adjustable blades 3 and the adjustable hub 4.
4) When the wind speed of the fan position is changed from high wind speed to low wind speed, the impeller is adjusted from a two-blade form to a four-blade form. The specific adjustment process is as follows: the fan control system commands the fan to stop, stopping the fan when the external splines 6 and spline grooves 7 are axially aligned along the main shaft, as shown in fig. 2. The hydraulic pump 8 works to drive the piston rod 10 to move, the connecting rod 11 and the shaft 12 rotate, and the adjustable blade 3 rotates around the axis of the screw 14 until the central line of the root of the blade is perpendicular to the central line of the main shaft 5, as shown in fig. 3. The control cabinet 19 sends out an instruction, the first motor 20 drives the gear 22 to rotate, and the control cabinet 19 is driven to integrally move towards the adjustable hub 4 along the rack 23 until the adjustable hub 4 is completely matched with the external spline 6 and then stops. At this time, the hole at the end of the adjustable hub axial fixing rod 26 is coaxial with the pin hole 28, the mechanism inside the fixed hub 2 operates, the hydraulic locking pin 27 is inserted through the pin hole 28, and the adjustable hub axial fixing rod 26 is firmly fixed. The first motor 20 and the second motor 24 work simultaneously, and the driving support rod 25 rotates and moves towards the cabin until the driving support rod 25 is completely separated from the thread of the hub support hole 17. The control device 19 gives a command, the first motor 20 drives the gear 22 to rotate, and the control device 19 moves along the rack 23 in the direction away from the adjustable hub 4, and the impeller is structured as shown in fig. 1. The fan is then activated to generate electricity in the form of four blades.
Claims (5)
1. The utility model provides an impeller with adjustable blade quantity, includes main shaft (5), fixes fixed wheel hub (2) at main shaft (5) one end and fixes two fixed blade (1) on fixed wheel hub (2), its characterized in that: the wind power generator also comprises an adjustable hub (4) arranged on the main shaft (5) through a spline connection structure, two adjustable blades (3) arranged on the adjustable hub (4) through a bolt connection structure, a cabin (18) arranged at the other end of the main shaft (5), and a control device (19) arranged on a platform in the cabin (18); one end of an adjustable hub axial fixing rod (26) is fixed on the adjustable hub (4), when the four blades work, the other end of the adjustable hub axial fixing rod (26) is connected with a hydraulic locking pin shaft (27) and a pin hole (28) which are arranged inside the fixed hub (2) to fix the adjustable hub (4), and when the two blades work, the other end of the adjustable hub axial fixing rod (26) is suspended; the hydraulic cylinder (9) and the piston rod (10) are arranged on the inner wall of the adjustable hub (4) through the hydraulic pump (8), the shaft (12) is arranged on the inner wall of the adjustable blade (3), the connecting rod (11) is arranged on the shaft (12), and the piston rod (10) and the connecting rod (11) form a connecting rod mechanism for driving the two adjustable blades (3) to rotate around the screw (14) of the bolt connecting structure; the adjustable hub is characterized in that a first motor (20) and a second motor (24) are arranged inside the control device (19), the first motor (20) is connected with a gear (22) through an intermediate shaft (21) and drives the gear (22) to rotate, the second motor (24) is connected with a driving support rod (25) and drives the driving support rod to rotate, the driving support rod (25) is used for driving the control device (19) to horizontally move, the second motor (24) can drive the support rod (25) to rotate and is used for being connected with a hub support hole (17) formed in the surface of the adjustable hub (4), a thread structure is arranged inside the hub support hole (17), and when the impeller works in a two-blade mode, a thread pair structure is formed by internal threads of the hub support hole (17) and external threads of the end portion of the support rod (25) to fix.
2. The adjustable blade-count impeller according to claim 1, wherein: the bolt connecting structure comprises a bearing (13), a screw rod (14), a nut (16) and a gasket (15), wherein the outer ring of the bearing (13) is arranged on the inner wall of the adjustable hub (4), one end of the screw rod (14) is arranged on the inner ring of the bearing (13), and the other end of the screw rod (14) is connected with the nut (16) and the gasket (15) through external threads.
3. The adjustable blade-count impeller according to claim 1, wherein: the spline connection structure comprises an external spline (6) arranged on the surface of a main shaft (5) and a spline groove (7) formed in the adjustable hub (4), the main shaft (5) is connected with the adjustable hub (4) in the spline groove (7) through the external spline (6), and the process that the impeller works in a four-blade mode, and the adjustable hub (4) drives the main shaft (5) to rotate is achieved.
4. The adjustable blade-count impeller according to claim 1, wherein: two hub supporting holes (17) are formed in the surface of the adjustable hub (4).
5. The method of operating an impeller with an adjustable number of blades as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein:
1) when the fan is in a low wind speed condition, the fan generates electricity in a four-blade mode, in the state, the two fixed blades (1), the fixed hub, the two adjustable blades (3) and the adjustable hub (4) are all in a working state, and the adjustable hub (4) drives the main shaft (5) to rotate through the external spline (6) to generate electricity; the adjustable hub axial fixing rod (26) is connected with the hydraulic locking pin shaft (27) and the pin hole (28) to realize the axial fixing of the adjustable hub (4);
2) when the wind speed of the position of the fan is changed from low wind speed to high wind speed, the impeller is adjusted from a four-blade form to a two-blade form; the specific adjustment process is as follows: the fan control system sends an instruction to stop the fan and controls the rotating speed of the impeller to be reduced to the position that a hub supporting hole (17) and a supporting rod (25) are coaxial, the fan stops, the control device (19) sends an instruction to control a first motor (20) to drive a gear (22) to rotate, and a rack (23) is fixed on a platform inside a cabin (18), so that the whole control device (19) moves towards an adjustable hub (4) along the rack (23) until the supporting rod (25) is in contact with the hub supporting hole (17) on the adjustable hub (4) and then stops; then the first motor (20) and the second motor (24) work simultaneously, and the driving support rod (25) is screwed into the hub support hole (17) until the driving support rod (25) is completely matched with the thread of the hub support hole (17); the internal mechanism of the fixed hub (2) acts to withdraw the hydraulic locking pin shaft (27) from the pin hole (28) and release the adjustable hub axial fixing rod (26); the control device (19) sends an instruction, the first motor (20) drives the gear (22) to rotate, and the control device (19) is driven to integrally move along the rack (23) in the direction away from the adjustable hub (4) until the adjustable hub (4) is completely separated from the external spline (6) and then stops; the fan control system sends out an instruction, the hydraulic pump (8) works to drive the piston rod (10) to move, the connecting rod (11) and the shaft (12) rotate, the adjustable blade (3) rotates around the axis of the screw (14) until the central line of the root of the adjustable blade is parallel to the central line of the main shaft (5), the hydraulic pump (8) stops working, at the moment, the impeller of the adjustable blade (3) is folded, and then the fan is started to generate power in a two-blade mode through the two fixed blades (1);
3) when the fan is in a high wind speed, the fan generates electricity in a two-blade mode, in the state, the two fixed blades (1) and the fixed hub (2) are in a working state, the adjustable hub (4) is completely separated from the external spline (6), the two adjustable blades (3) and the adjustable hub (4) are in a static state, and the support rod (25) bears the weight of the two adjustable blades (3) and the adjustable hub (4) and fixes the two adjustable blades and the adjustable hub (4);
4) when the wind speed of the position of the fan is changed from high wind speed to low wind speed, the impeller is adjusted from a two-blade form to a four-blade form; the specific adjustment process is as follows: the fan control system sends an instruction to stop the fan, so that the external spline (6) and the spline groove (7) stop when being aligned along the axial direction of the main shaft; the hydraulic pump (8) works to drive the piston rod (10) to move, the connecting rod (11) and the shaft (12) rotate, the adjustable blade (3) rotates around the axis of the screw (14) until the central line of the root of the blade is vertical to the central line of the main shaft (5), the control cabinet (19) sends an instruction, the first motor (20) drives the gear (22) to rotate to drive the control cabinet (19) to integrally move towards the adjustable hub (4) along the rack (23) until the adjustable hub (4) is completely matched with the external spline (6) and then stops; at the moment, the hole at the end part of the adjustable hub axial fixing rod (26) is in a coaxial state with the pin hole (28), the internal mechanism of the fixed hub (2) acts, the hydraulic locking pin shaft (27) is inserted from the pin hole (28), and the adjustable hub axial fixing rod (26) is firmly fixed; the first motor (20) and the second motor (24) work simultaneously, the supporting rod (25) is driven to rotate and move towards the engine room until the threads of the supporting rod (25) and the hub supporting hole (17) are completely separated; the control device (19) sends out a command, the first motor (20) drives the gear (22) to rotate, the control device (19) integrally moves along the rack (23) to the direction far away from the adjustable hub (4), and then the fan is started to generate electricity in a four-blade mode.
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| CN202011296569.9A CN112283022B (en) | 2020-11-18 | 2020-11-18 | Impeller with adjustable number of blades and working method thereof |
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| CN202011296569.9A CN112283022B (en) | 2020-11-18 | 2020-11-18 | Impeller with adjustable number of blades and working method thereof |
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| CN112283022B (en) | 2024-03-22 |
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