CN112281093A - Preparation process of high-performance magnesium-lithium alloy thin strip - Google Patents
Preparation process of high-performance magnesium-lithium alloy thin strip Download PDFInfo
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- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
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- C22F1/00—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working
- C22F1/06—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working of magnesium or alloys based thereon
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- C22F—CHANGING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF NON-FERROUS METALS AND NON-FERROUS ALLOYS
- C22F1/00—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working
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Abstract
The invention discloses a preparation process of a high-performance magnesium-lithium alloy thin strip, which comprises the following steps: (1) carrying out homogenization annealing treatment on the magnesium-lithium alloy ingot; (2) carrying out multi-pass hot rolling on the magnesium-lithium alloy ingot after the homogenization annealing, wherein intermediate annealing is not carried out in the intermittent pass, and annealing after the final hot rolling to obtain a plate I; (3) carrying out multi-pass cold rolling on the plate I, intermittently carrying out intermediate annealing on the passes, and annealing after the last cold rolling to obtain a strip II; (4) and (3) carrying out multi-pass asynchronous cold rolling on the strip II, carrying out inter-annealing in a pass interval, and annealing after the last asynchronous cold rolling to obtain a strip III. The preparation process can prepare the magnesium-lithium alloy thin strip with the thickness of less than 0.4mm and good mechanical properties, wherein the yield strength is 225-270 MPa, the tensile strength is 295-342 MPa, and the elongation is 15-22%.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a preparation process of a high-performance magnesium-lithium alloy thin strip, belonging to the field of metal processing.
Background
The magnesium-lithium alloy has the advantages of low density, good toughness and plasticity, high specific strength and the like, and has wide application prospect in the fields of aerospace, military automobiles, medical appliances, 3C industries and the like. However, the magnesium-lithium alloy has drawbacks such as easy oxidation and combustion, complicated casting process and low absolute strength, high production cost, poor room temperature formability, low strength compared to steel and aluminum, and the like. Generally, the reason why magnesium-lithium alloys are poor in plasticity is that they have an α -Mg phase with a crystal structure of HCP, resulting in a lack of an independent slip system. Therefore, it is difficult to industrially produce magnesium alloys on a large scale. The research on the magnesium-lithium alloy in China is relatively late, and certain gap exists between the application and industrialization of the magnesium-lithium alloy and developed countries.
When lithium element is added into the magnesium alloy, more serious lattice distortion can be generated inside crystal grains, wherein the value c in the crystal cell parameter of the alloy is reduced faster than the value a, so that the c/a value of the magnesium alloy is reduced, and a large number of slip systems are activated by reducing the critical cutting stress. Therefore, at room temperature, the alpha-Mg phase of the magnesium-lithium alloy can exist in two slip systems, namely, the alpha-Mg phase exists at the same time
Basal plane glide system and
the cylindrical slip system makes the alpha-Mg phase easier to deform. When the content of Li element exceeds 5.7%, a BCC-structured β -Li phase appears in the magnesium alloy. When the addition amount of Li element is 5.7-10.3%, the alpha-Mg phase with HCP structure in the magnesium-lithium alloy is the same as the beta-Li phase with BCC structure; when the content of Li element is above 10.3%, the alloy has been completely transformed into BCC crystal structure, i.e. the alloy is in single-phase beta-Li phase structure. The BCC structure can generate more slip systems, so that dislocation slip is easier to perform, the deformation performance of the magnesium-lithium alloy with the BCC structure is better than that of the magnesium-lithium alloy with the HCP structure, and the plastic forming capability of the magnesium-lithium alloy can be improved. Although the dual-phase structure changes the deformation mechanism and thus increases the workability of the magnesium alloy, the alloy strength inevitably decreases. Therefore, the effects of solid solution strengthening and precipitation strengthening can be compensated by adding a third element (Al, Zn, RE, etc.)The reduced intensity is compensated for. Besides, different metal forming processes (rolling, extrusion and the like) can further strengthen the magnesium-lithium alloy, and the structure and plasticity of the magnesium-lithium alloy are changed to a certain extent through multiple annealing treatments. On the other hand, the formability of magnesium-lithium alloys increases with the increase of the slip system, i.e., the non-basal plane and the base plane at high temperature<c+a>The cone slip system starts, which allows the metal material to have excellent formability, and the sheet and strip can be produced by rolling and annealing processes.
The magnesium-lithium alloy has several aspects which restrict the application of the magnesium-lithium alloy in rolling plates and strips: (1) the magnesium-lithium alloy has poor plasticity, is difficult to form and is easy to have the defects of internal crack, edge crack and the like; (2) when magnesium alloy is rolled in a common synchronous rolling mode, the obtained plate strip has basal plane texture with high strength, so that the material has strong anisotropy; (3) the pass reduction is small, the subsequent processing can be carried out only by annealing, the production efficiency is low, and the cost is high. Therefore, it is necessary to develop a new process capable of enhancing the performance of the magnesium-lithium alloy.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects in the prior art, the invention aims to provide a preparation process of a high-performance magnesium-lithium alloy thin strip, which can be used for preparing the magnesium-lithium alloy thin strip with the thickness of less than 0.4mm and good mechanical properties, wherein the yield strength is 225-270 MPa, the tensile strength is 295-342 MPa, and the elongation is 15-22%.
In order to achieve the technical purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
a preparation process of a high-performance magnesium-lithium alloy thin strip comprises the following steps:
(1) carrying out homogenization annealing treatment on the magnesium-lithium alloy ingot;
(2) carrying out multi-pass hot rolling on the magnesium-lithium alloy ingot after the homogenization annealing, wherein intermediate annealing is not carried out in the intermittent pass, and annealing after the final hot rolling to obtain a plate I;
(3) carrying out multi-pass cold rolling on the plate I, intermittently carrying out intermediate annealing on the passes, and annealing after the last cold rolling to obtain a strip II;
(4) and (3) carrying out multi-pass asynchronous cold rolling on the strip II, carrying out inter-annealing in a pass interval, and annealing after the last asynchronous cold rolling to obtain a strip III.
Preferably, the magnesium-lithium alloy ingot comprises the following components: 7.5 to 8.5 wt% of Li, 2.5 to 3.5 wt% of Al, 0.5 to 1.5 wt% of Y, and Mg.
In a preferred embodiment, the homogenization annealing system in (1) is: annealing at 280-320 ℃ for 10-12 h, and then quenching in water.
According to the preferable scheme, before the hot rolling treatment in the step (2), the magnesium-lithium alloy cast ingot is heated to 250-300 ℃, the temperature is kept for 1.5-2 h, then multi-pass hot rolling is carried out, the annealing process after the last hot rolling is 250-300 ℃, the temperature is kept for 1.0-2.0 h, and the thickness of the plate I is 2.0 mm.
In the preferable scheme, the intermediate annealing process of the multi-pass cold rolling in the step (3) is 250-300 ℃, the temperature is kept for 20-30 min, and the annealing process after the last cold rolling is the same as the intermediate annealing process.
Preferably, the thickness of the strip II in the step (3) is 0.78-0.82 mm.
In the preferable scheme, multi-pass asynchronous cold rolling is carried out in the step (4), wherein the upper roll of the asynchronous cold rolling is a slow roll, the lower roll of the asynchronous cold rolling is a fast roll, the speed of the slow roll is fixed to be 2.62rad/s, and the differential ratio is 1: 1.1-1: 1.5. In the present invention, the inventors have found that when the different speed ratio is more than 1.5, many micro cracks occur on the surface of the rolled strip.
In the preferable scheme, the annealing process after the last asynchronous cold rolling in the step (4) is 240-280 ℃, and the temperature is kept for 60-80 min.
Preferably, the thickness of the strip III in the step (4) is 0.38-0.42 mm.
The microstructure of the strip III prepared by the invention mainly contains an alpha-Mg phase and a beta-Li phase, and simultaneously, a small amount of Al is also present2Y phase, AlLi phase and MgLi phase2Al phase, second phase is distributed along phase boundary in large quantity, beta-Li phase is in fine isometric crystal form, and alpha-Mg phase nodularization is more obvious; the asynchronous rolling not only leads the microstructure of the material to be subjected to grain refinement, but also strengthens a second phase, so that good mechanical properties are obtained, the yield strength is 225-270 MPa, the tensile strength is 295-342 MPa, and the elongation is 15-22%.
The invention relates to a preparation process of a preferable high-performance magnesium-lithium alloy thin strip, which specifically comprises the following steps:
(1) carrying out homogenization annealing treatment on the magnesium-lithium alloy ingot, wherein the homogenization annealing system is as follows: annealing at the temperature of 280-320 ℃ for 10-12 h; after the preset time is reached, taking out the cast ingot and quenching the cast ingot into water;
(2) heating the magnesium-lithium alloy cast ingot after the homogenizing annealing to 250-300 ℃, preserving heat for 1.5-2 h, then carrying out multi-pass hot rolling, carrying out no intermediate annealing in the pass interval, and preserving heat for 1.0-2.0 h to obtain a plate I after the annealing process of the last hot rolling is 250-300 ℃;
(3) performing multi-pass cold rolling on the plate I, performing intermediate annealing on the multi-pass cold rolling, wherein the intermediate annealing process is 250-300 ℃, preserving the heat for 20-30 min, and performing the annealing process after the last cold rolling and the intermediate annealing process to obtain a strip II;
(4) performing multi-pass asynchronous cold rolling on the strip II, wherein the upper roll of the asynchronous cold rolling is a slow roll, and the lower roll of the asynchronous cold rolling is a quick roll; the speed of the slow roller is fixed to be 2.62rad/s, the differential speed ratio is 1: 1.1-1: 1.5, intermediate annealing is not carried out in the intermittent pass, the annealing process after the last asynchronous cold rolling is 240-280 ℃, and the temperature is kept for 60-80 min, so that the strip III is obtained.
Compared with the prior art, the preparation process has the following advantages:
(1) the preparation process of the magnesium-lithium alloy thin strip material adopts heat treatment annealing, hot rolling and cold rolling to obtain a plate with the thickness of 0.78-0.82 mm, and is simple in preparation process, strong in operability and suitable for industrial production. The adopted annealing process has the characteristics of low annealing temperature and short time; the adopted rolling comprises two traditional processing modes of hot rolling and cold rolling.
(2) The preparation process of the magnesium-lithium alloy thin strip adopts asynchronous rolling to obtain a strip of 0.38-0.42 mm, the asynchronous rolling generates a special rolling area in the processing process, the upper surface and the lower surface in the deformation area have opposite friction, the stress state is different from that of the conventional rolling for a rolled piece, and larger deformation and fine grains can be obtained, the grain size is larger than that of the asynchronous rolling except that the thickness is difficult to reduce when the conventional rolling is adopted, the asynchronous rolling is easy to deform, particularly for a two-phase magnesium-lithium alloy, the thinner the rolling and the higher the hardening degree, the conventional rolling can not continue to deform, and the base surface texture of the magnesium-lithium alloy is weaker due to the change of the stress state of the asynchronous rolling, so the plasticity is improved, and the rolled thinner the grains can be obtained under the same minimum rollable thickness.
(3) The plate obtained by the preparation process of the magnesium-lithium alloy ribbon has uniform microstructure, mainly contains an alpha-Mg phase and a beta-Li phase, and also contains a small amount of Al2Y phase, AlLi phase and MgLi phase2Al phase, second phase distributed along phase boundary, beta-Li phase as fine isometric crystal form, and alpha-Mg phase spheroidization.
(4) The strip obtained by the preparation process of the magnesium-lithium alloy thin strip has good mechanical property, the yield strength of the strip of the magnesium-lithium alloy after multi-pass asynchronous rolling and annealing is 225-270 MPa, the tensile strength is 295-342 MPa, and the elongation is 15-22%.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is an XRD picture of a Mg-Li alloy plate rolled to 0.4mm asynchronously in example 2 of the invention, and it can be seen from FIG. 1 that α -Mg phase and β -Li phase mainly exist in the microstructure, and a small amount of Al also exists in the microstructure2Y phase, AlLi phase and MgLi phase2An Al phase.
Fig. 2 is a metallographic picture of a magnesium-lithium alloy strip rolled to 0.4mm asynchronously in example 2 of the present invention, and it can be seen from fig. 2 that the β -Li phase is a fine isometric crystal form, and the spheroidization of the α -Mg phase is also obvious.
FIG. 3 is an SEM image of a Mg-Li alloy strip asynchronously rolled to 0.4mm in example 2 of the present invention, and it can be seen from FIG. 3 that the second phase is distributed along the phase boundary in a large amount.
Detailed Description
The present invention is further described in detail below by way of examples, and the scope of the patent protection of the present invention includes, but is not limited to, these.
Example 1
The magnesium-lithium alloy ingot comprises the following components in percentage by weight: li 8.5, Al 3.5, Y1.2 and the balance of Mg, and carrying out homogenization annealing treatment, wherein the homogenization annealing system is as follows: annealing at 300 ℃ for 10 h; and taking out the cast ingot after the preset time is reached, and quenching the cast ingot into water. Heating the annealed magnesium-lithium alloy ingot to 280 ℃, preserving heat for 1.5h, carrying out multi-pass hot rolling to 2.0mm, carrying out intermediate annealing in a pass interval, but carrying out annealing after the last hot rolling, wherein the process system is 280 ℃, and preserving heat for 1.5 h; performing multi-pass cold rolling on the annealed sheet after the multi-pass hot rolling to 0.8mm, performing intermediate annealing on the multi-pass cold rolling, wherein the annealing process after the last cold rolling is the same as the intermediate annealing process, and the intermediate annealing process is at 280 ℃ and is kept for 20 min; and performing multi-pass asynchronous cold rolling on the strip subjected to multi-pass cold rolling and annealing again to obtain a strip with the thickness of 0.38mm, wherein an upper roller of the asynchronous cold rolling is a slow roller, a lower roller of the asynchronous cold rolling is a fast roller, the speed of the upper roller is fixed to be 2.62rad/s, the differential speed ratio is 1:1.4, intermediate annealing is not performed in the pass interval, annealing is performed after the last asynchronous cold rolling, and the process schedule is 240 ℃ and the temperature is kept for 60 min. The yield strength of the strip obtained by the process is 270.0MPa, the tensile strength is 342.0MPa, and the elongation is 15.0%.
Example 2
The magnesium-lithium alloy ingot comprises the following components in percentage by weight: li 7.5, Al 3.0, Y1.0 and the balance of Mg, and carrying out homogenization annealing treatment, wherein the homogenization annealing system is as follows: annealing at 300 ℃ for 10 h; and taking out the cast ingot after the preset time is reached, and quenching the cast ingot into water. Heating the cast ingot to 280 ℃, preserving heat for 1.5h, carrying out multi-pass hot rolling to 2.0mm, carrying out intermediate annealing in a pass interval, but carrying out annealing after the last hot rolling, wherein the process system is 280 ℃, and preserving heat for 1 h; and then, carrying out multi-pass cold rolling on the annealed plate after the multi-pass hot rolling to 0.8mm, carrying out intermediate annealing on the multi-pass cold rolling, wherein the annealing process after the last cold rolling is the same as the intermediate annealing process, the intermediate annealing process is 280 ℃, keeping the temperature for 20min, carrying out multi-pass asynchronous cold rolling on the strip after the multi-pass cold rolling and annealing to obtain the strip with the thickness of 0.4mm, wherein the upper roller of the asynchronous cold rolling is a slow roller, the lower roller of the asynchronous cold rolling is a fast roller, the speed of the upper roller is fixed to be 2.62rad/s, the differential speed ratio is 1:1.2, the intermediate annealing is not carried out in the pass interval, but the annealing is carried out after the last asynchronous cold rolling, and the process. The yield strength of the strip obtained by the process is 260.0MPa, the tensile strength is 330.0MPa, and the elongation is 20%.
Example 3
The magnesium-lithium alloy ingot comprises the following components in percentage by weight: li,7.5, Al 2.5, Y0.5 and the balance of Mg, and carrying out homogenization annealing treatment, wherein the homogenization annealing system is as follows: annealing at 300 ℃ for 10 h; and taking out the cast ingot after the preset time is reached, and quenching the cast ingot into water. Heating the cast ingot to 300 ℃, preserving heat for 2h, carrying out multi-pass hot rolling to 2.0mm, carrying out intermediate annealing in the pass interval, but carrying out annealing after the last hot rolling, wherein the process system is 280 ℃, and preserving heat for 1 h; performing multi-pass cold rolling on the annealed sheet after the multi-pass hot rolling to 0.8mm, performing intermediate annealing on the multi-pass cold rolling, wherein the annealing process after the last cold rolling is the same as the intermediate annealing process, and the intermediate annealing process is at 280 ℃ and is kept for 30 min; and performing multi-pass asynchronous cold rolling on the strip subjected to multi-pass cold rolling and annealing again to obtain a strip with the thickness of 0.42mm, wherein an upper roller of the asynchronous cold rolling is a slow roller, a lower roller of the asynchronous cold rolling is a fast roller, the speed of the upper roller is fixed to be 2.62rad/s, the differential speed ratio is 1:1.1, intermediate annealing is not performed in the pass interval, annealing is performed after the last asynchronous cold rolling, and the process system is 280 ℃ and the heat preservation time is 80 min. The strip obtained by the process has the yield strength of 225MPa, the tensile strength of 295.0MPa and the elongation of 22 percent.
Claims (10)
1. A preparation process of a high-performance magnesium-lithium alloy thin strip is characterized by comprising the following steps:
(1) carrying out homogenization annealing treatment on the magnesium-lithium alloy ingot;
(2) carrying out multi-pass hot rolling on the magnesium-lithium alloy ingot after the homogenization annealing, wherein intermediate annealing is not carried out in the intermittent pass, and annealing after the final hot rolling to obtain a plate I;
(3) carrying out multi-pass cold rolling on the plate I, intermittently carrying out intermediate annealing on the passes, and annealing after the last cold rolling to obtain a strip II;
(4) and (3) carrying out multi-pass asynchronous cold rolling on the strip II, carrying out inter-annealing in a pass interval, and annealing after the last asynchronous cold rolling to obtain a strip III.
2. The preparation process of the high-performance magnesium-lithium alloy thin strip according to claim 1, characterized by comprising the following steps of: the magnesium-lithium alloy ingot comprises the following components: 7.5 to 8.5 wt% of Li, 2.5 to 3.5 wt% of Al, 0.5 to 1.5 wt% of Y, and Mg.
3. The preparation process of the high-performance magnesium-lithium alloy thin strip according to claim 1, characterized by comprising the following steps of: (1) the homogenization annealing system in (1) is as follows: annealing at 280-320 ℃ for 10-12 h, and then quenching in water.
4. The preparation process of the high-performance magnesium-lithium alloy thin strip according to claim 1, characterized by comprising the following steps of: (2) before the hot rolling treatment, the magnesium-lithium alloy cast ingot is heated to 250-300 ℃, the temperature is kept for 1.5-2 h, then multi-pass hot rolling is carried out, the annealing process after the last hot rolling is 250-300 ℃, the temperature is kept for 1.0-2.0 h, and the thickness of the plate I is 2.0 mm.
5. The preparation process of the high-performance magnesium-lithium alloy thin strip according to claim 1, characterized by comprising the following steps of: (3) the intermediate annealing process of the multi-pass cold rolling in the step (A) is 250-300 ℃, the temperature is kept for 20-30 min, and the annealing process after the last cold rolling is the same as the intermediate annealing process.
6. The preparation process of the high-performance magnesium-lithium alloy thin strip according to claim 1, characterized by comprising the following steps of: (3) the thickness of the middle strip II is 0.78-0.82 mm.
7. The preparation process of the high-performance magnesium-lithium alloy thin strip according to claim 1, characterized by comprising the following steps of: (4) and in the process, multi-pass asynchronous cold rolling is carried out, wherein the upper roller of the asynchronous cold rolling is a slow roller, the lower roller of the asynchronous cold rolling is a fast roller, the speed of the slow roller is fixed to be 2.62rad/s, and the differential speed ratio is 1: 1.1-1: 1.5.
8. The preparation process of the high-performance magnesium-lithium alloy thin strip according to claim 1, characterized by comprising the following steps of: (4) the annealing process after the last asynchronous cold rolling in the step (a) is 240-280 ℃, and the temperature is kept for 60-80 min.
9. The preparation process of the high-performance magnesium-lithium alloy thin strip according to claim 1, characterized by comprising the following steps of: (4) the thickness of the medium strip III is 0.38-0.42 mm.
10. The process for preparing the thin high-performance magnesium-lithium alloy strip according to any one of claims 1 to 9, wherein: the yield strength of the strip III is 225-270 MPa, the tensile strength is 295-342 MPa, and the elongation is 15-22%.
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| CN112974528A (en) * | 2021-02-05 | 2021-06-18 | 南京理工大学 | High-strength high-plasticity layered isomeric magnesium-lithium composite material and preparation method thereof |
| CN113972034A (en) * | 2021-10-27 | 2022-01-25 | 中国科学院电工研究所 | Iron-based superconducting strip and preparation method thereof |
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN112974528A (en) * | 2021-02-05 | 2021-06-18 | 南京理工大学 | High-strength high-plasticity layered isomeric magnesium-lithium composite material and preparation method thereof |
| CN113972034A (en) * | 2021-10-27 | 2022-01-25 | 中国科学院电工研究所 | Iron-based superconducting strip and preparation method thereof |
| CN113972034B (en) * | 2021-10-27 | 2024-03-12 | 中国科学院电工研究所 | Iron-based superconducting tape and preparation method thereof |
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