CN112279603A - Red mud baking-free brick and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Red mud baking-free brick and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN112279603A CN112279603A CN202011243045.3A CN202011243045A CN112279603A CN 112279603 A CN112279603 A CN 112279603A CN 202011243045 A CN202011243045 A CN 202011243045A CN 112279603 A CN112279603 A CN 112279603A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B28/00—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements
- C04B28/02—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements containing hydraulic cements other than calcium sulfates
- C04B28/06—Aluminous cements
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B40/00—Processes, in general, for influencing or modifying the properties of mortars, concrete or artificial stone compositions, e.g. their setting or hardening ability
- C04B40/02—Selection of the hardening environment
- C04B40/0277—Hardening promoted by using additional water, e.g. by spraying water on the green concrete element
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B40/00—Processes, in general, for influencing or modifying the properties of mortars, concrete or artificial stone compositions, e.g. their setting or hardening ability
- C04B40/02—Selection of the hardening environment
- C04B40/0277—Hardening promoted by using additional water, e.g. by spraying water on the green concrete element
- C04B40/029—Hardening promoted by using additional water, e.g. by spraying water on the green concrete element using an aqueous solution or dispersion
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2201/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone characterised by specific physical values
- C04B2201/50—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone characterised by specific physical values for the mechanical strength
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Toxicology (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Dispersion Chemistry (AREA)
- Curing Cements, Concrete, And Artificial Stone (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of baking-free bricks, in particular to a red mud baking-free brick and a preparation method thereof, wherein the baking-free brick comprises the following components in parts by weight: 30-40 parts of red mud, 25-30 parts of sulphoaluminate cement clinker or aluminate cement mixed with 5-15% of gypsum, 20-30 parts of steel slag, 10-15 parts of silica fume and 5-10 parts of strontium slag. The baking-free brick prepared by the invention can achieve the purposes of inhibiting the saltpetering and the solidification of heavy metal and reducing the radioactivity, and the prepared red mud baking-free brick has good mechanical properties.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of baking-free bricks, in particular to a red mud baking-free brick and a preparation method thereof.
Background
With the development of the modern aluminum industry, the production scale of the aluminum oxide industry is gradually enlarged, and waste residues generated in the process of manufacturing the aluminum oxide become important environmental pollutants. Red mud is an insoluble residue in the production process of extracting alumina from bauxite, and is waste mud consisting of fine particles and coarse particles. With the increasing emphasis on environment and resources in China, the baking-free bricks can replace sintered bricks to become the mainstream of wall materials, which is an irreversible big trend.
The red mud is high-alkaline residue after alumina is extracted from bauxite processed by the Bayer process, contains a large amount of soluble alkali and heavy metals, the radioactivity of part of the red mud exceeds the standard, and burning-free bricks prepared from the red mud can generate efflorescence, so that the strength of the bricks is reduced, the heavy metals are dissolved out to exceed the standard, the environment is polluted, the radioactivity exceeds the standard, and the human health is influenced.
Therefore, when the red mud is used for preparing the baking-free brick, certain measures are required to be taken to inhibit the efflorescence, solidify heavy metals and reduce the radioactivity of the bricks.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the phenomena of excessive alkali, excessive heavy metal dissolution and excessive radioactivity in the baking-free brick prepared from red mud, the invention provides the red mud baking-free brick and the preparation method thereof, which can achieve the purposes of inhibiting the solidification of the excessive alkali and the heavy metal and reducing the radioactivity, and the prepared red mud baking-free brick has good mechanical properties.
The invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
the red mud baking-free brick comprises the following components in parts by weight: 30-40 parts of red mud, 25-30 parts of sulphoaluminate cement clinker or aluminate cement mixed with 5-15% of gypsum, 20-30 parts of steel slag, 10-15 parts of silica fume and 5-10 parts of strontium slag.
The raw materials adopt sulphoaluminate cement clinker instead of sulphoaluminate cement, and the functions of the sulphoaluminate cement clinker are as follows: under the condition of gypsum, the calcium sulphoaluminate is preferentially hydrated to form trisulfide type hydrated calcium sulphoaluminate; under the condition that gypsum does not exist, the calcium sulphoaluminate preferentially reacts with alkali in the red mud to form U-phase or mono-sulpho hydrated calcium sulphoaluminate, and compared with the tri-sulpho hydrated calcium sulphoaluminate, the calcium sulphoaluminate has outstanding solidifying capability on alkali metal and heavy metal, and achieves the purpose of solidifying the alkali metal and the medium metal.
Or the raw materials are aluminate cement doped with 5-15% of gypsum, while in the case of aluminate cement, sulfate is not contained, and the purpose of doping part of gypsum is to promote the formation of U phase and mono-sulfur hydrated calcium sulphoaluminate.
In addition, all alkali emitted from the red mud baking-free bricks exists in the form of sulfate, the sulphoaluminate cement clinker is adopted, gypsum is not contained, the sulfate radical content in the system is obviously reduced, and the alkali in the red mud is prevented from being converted into sodium sulfate or potassium sulfate to a great extent.
Strontium slag is introduced into the red mud baking-free brick, and barium or strontium contained in the red mud baking-free brick can absorb rays of radioactive nuclides in the red mud, so that the radioactivity of the red mud baking-free brick is reduced.
Silica fume is introduced into the red mud baking-free brick and has the functions of reacting with alkali metal and alumina in the red mud to form insoluble hydrated sodium aluminosilicate, inhibiting saltpetering and improving the later mechanical strength of the red mud baking-free brick.
The preparation method of the red mud baking-free brick comprises the following steps:
s1, grinding the sulphoaluminate cement clinker or aluminate cement clinker, uniformly mixing the red mud, the sulphoaluminate cement clinker or aluminate cement clinker, steel slag, silica fume and strontium slag according to the mass parts, and adding 5-10% of water into the mixture;
s2, pressing and forming the mixed raw materials under the pressure of 2-7MPa, and curing for 1-6h in an environment with the humidity of 80-95%;
and S3, soaking the maintained baking-free brick in the nano silica suspension for 3-5S, and then spraying water in the natural environment for maintenance for 1-7 days to obtain the red mud baking-free brick.
The raw materials are uniformly mixed and added with 5-10% of water, so as to promote the hydration of calcium sulphoaluminate, simultaneously facilitate the compression molding and reduce the dust pollution in the production process of the brick. The purpose of adopting the press forming is to reduce the porosity of the brick body, the steel slag is introduced into the raw materials, the expansion performance is fully utilized, the porosity of the brick body can also be reduced, and the saltpetering can be inhibited to a great extent.
The red mud brick cured in the environment with the humidity of 80-95% is soaked in the nano silica suspension for 3-5s, so that the compactness of the surface of the red mud baking-free brick is improved, the water inside and outside the brick body is prevented from exchanging, and the saltpetering of the red mud baking-free brick can be inhibited.
Further, the sulphoaluminate cement clinker or aluminate cement clinker is obtained by sieving with a 200-mesh sieve during grinding.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
firstly, the curing capability of the sulphoaluminate cement clinker or the aluminate cement mixed with 5 to 15 percent of gypsum is outstanding to alkali metal and heavy metal, thereby achieving the purpose of curing the alkali metal and the medium metal.
And secondly, strontium slag is introduced into the red mud baking-free brick, and barium or strontium contained in the strontium slag can absorb rays of radioactive nuclides in the red mud, so that the radioactivity of the red mud baking-free brick is reduced.
The mechanical strength of the red mud brick can be obviously improved by adopting press forming, in addition, the hydration activity of calcium sulphoaluminate is obviously improved under the condition that alkali metal exists and no gypsum exists, the red mud baking-free brick prepared by the invention has good early mechanical property, the 6h compressive strength is more than or equal to 15MPa, and the 1 day compressive strength is more than or equal to 25 MPa. In addition, alkali metal in the red mud promotes belite in the sulphoaluminate cement clinker and silicate in the steel slag to hydrate, so that the later-stage mechanical strength of the red mud baking-free brick can be obviously improved.
And fourthly, the red mud brick is soaked in the nano silicon dioxide suspension, so that the compactness of the surface of the red mud baking-free brick is improved, the water exchange between the inside and the outside of the brick body is prevented, the saltpetering of the red mud baking-free brick can be inhibited, and the porosity of the red mud brick can be reduced to be below 20 percent.
Detailed Description
In order to clearly illustrate the technical features of the present solution, the present solution is explained below by way of specific embodiments.
Example 1:
the red mud baking-free brick comprises the following components in parts by mass: 40 parts of red mud, 25 parts of sulphoaluminate cement clinker, 20 parts of steel slag, 10 parts of silica fume and 10 parts of strontium slag.
The preparation method of the red mud baking-free brick comprises the following steps:
s1, grinding the sulphoaluminate cement clinker or the aluminate cement clinker to 200 meshes, and not grinding the steel slag and the strontium slag. Weighing 40 parts of red mud, 25 parts of sulphoaluminate cement clinker, 20 parts of steel slag, 10 parts of silica fume and 10 parts of strontium slag according to the mass parts, uniformly mixing, and adding 8% of water into the mixture.
S2, pressing and molding the raw materials under the pressure of 3MPa, and curing for 6 hours in an environment with the humidity of 95%.
And S3, soaking the maintained baking-free brick in the nano silica suspension for 5S, and then sprinkling water in the natural environment for maintenance for 1 day to obtain the red mud baking-free brick.
Example 2:
the red mud baking-free brick comprises the following components in parts by mass: 40 parts of red mud, 20 parts of aluminate cement doped with 10% gypsum, 25 parts of steel slag, 15 parts of silica fume and 10 parts of strontium slag.
The preparation method of the red mud baking-free brick comprises the following steps:
s1, grinding the sulphoaluminate cement clinker or the aluminate cement clinker to 200 meshes, and not grinding the steel slag and the strontium slag. Weighing 40 parts of red mud, 25 parts of aluminate cement doped with 5-15% of gypsum, 20 parts of steel slag, 10 parts of silica fume and 5 parts of strontium slag according to the mass parts, uniformly mixing, and adding 5-10% of water into the mixture.
S2, pressing and molding the raw materials under the pressure of 7MPa, and curing for 3 hours in an environment with the humidity of 85%.
And S3, soaking the maintained baking-free brick in the nano silica suspension for 5S, and then sprinkling water in a natural environment for maintenance for 3 days to obtain the red mud baking-free brick.
Comparative example:
the red mud baking-free brick is prepared by the traditional method, the adopted cementing material is Portland cement or sulphoaluminate cement, strontium slag is not introduced, and in addition, the pressed red mud brick is soaked in a nano silicon dioxide suspension.
The baking-free bricks of example 1, example 2 and comparative example were subjected to various parameter tests, and the results are shown in the following table:
description of the drawings: the alkali dissolution rate is measured by a saltpetering test, three baking-free brick powders are respectively ground into powder, the powder is sieved by a 100-mesh sieve, the powder is soaked in water for 6 hours, and the alkali dissolution rate is respectively measured.
As seen from the above table, the red mud baking-free brick prepared by the invention has the compressive strength of more than or equal to 15MPa in 6 hours, more than or equal to 25MPa in 1 day and more than 25% improvement in 1-year compressive strength compared with 1-day compressive strength. The alkali dissolution rate is less than or equal to 5.0 percent, the porosity of the red mud brick is less than or equal to 20 percent, and the radioactivity of the red mud baking-free brick meets the requirement IRaLess than or equal to 1.0 and IrLess than or equal to 1.0, and the performance of each aspect is comprehensively superior to that of the products of the comparative examples.
In addition, according to the test method of GB/T30810-.
Example 1 dissolution concentration of harmful heavy metals: cr 48.2ppm, Ni 31.4ppm, Cu 46.8ppm, Zn 7.8ppm, As 5.2ppm, Cd 14.3ppm, Cs 15.5ppm, Pb 50.2ppm, Ba 33.3ppm, Sr 5.2 ppm.
Example 2 dissolution concentration of harmful heavy metals: 39.9ppm Cr, 28.7ppm Ni, 40.9ppm Cu, 8.9ppm Zn, 4.72ppm As, 10.8ppm Cd, 12.4ppm Cs, 38.8ppm Pb, 5.57ppm Ba, 26.22ppm Sr.
The red mud baking-free brick prepared by the method has heavy metal dissolution concentration meeting the requirements that Cr is less than or equal to 60ppm, Ni is less than or equal to 50ppm, Cu is less than or equal to 50ppm, Zn is less than or equal to 50ppm, As is less than or equal to 25ppm, Cd is less than or equal to 75ppm, Cs is less than or equal to 20ppm, Pb is less than or equal to 90ppm, Ba is less than or equal to 50ppm and Sr is less than or equal.
In conclusion, it can be found from the analysis of the examples and the comparative examples that the red mud baking-free brick of the present invention can inhibit efflorescence, solidify heavy metals and reduce radioactivity, and the prepared red mud baking-free brick has good mechanical properties.
Of course, the description is not limited to the above examples, and the undescribed technical features of the present invention can be implemented by or using the prior art, which is not described herein again; the above embodiments are merely for illustrating the technical solutions of the present invention and not for limiting the present invention, and the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments, and those skilled in the art should understand that changes, modifications, additions or substitutions which are made by those skilled in the art within the spirit of the present invention are also within the scope of the claims of the present invention.
Claims (3)
1. A red mud baking-free brick is characterized in that: the adhesive comprises the following components in parts by mass: 30-40 parts of red mud, 25-30 parts of sulphoaluminate cement clinker or aluminate cement clinker doped with 5-15% of gypsum, 20-30 parts of steel slag, 10-15 parts of silica fume and 5-10 parts of strontium slag.
2. The preparation method of the red mud baking-free brick of claim 1, which is characterized by comprising the following steps: the method comprises the following steps:
s1, grinding the sulphoaluminate cement clinker or the aluminate cement clinker, uniformly mixing the red mud, the sulphoaluminate cement clinker or the aluminate cement clinker doped with 5-15% of gypsum, steel slag, silica fume and strontium slag according to the mass parts, and then adding 5-10% of water into the mixture;
s2, pressing and forming the mixed raw materials under the pressure of 2-7MPa, and curing for 1-6h in an environment with the humidity of 80-95%;
and S3, soaking the maintained baking-free brick in the nano silica suspension for 3-5S, and then spraying water in the natural environment for maintenance for 1-7 days to obtain the red mud baking-free brick.
3. The preparation method of the red mud baking-free brick according to claim 2, which is characterized in that: the sulphoaluminate cement clinker or the aluminate cement clinker mixed with 5 to 15 percent of gypsum is obtained by sieving with a 200-mesh sieve during grinding.
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Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN113061011A (en) * | 2021-04-19 | 2021-07-02 | 贵州理工学院 | Method for manufacturing red mud-modified phosphogypsum mine filling material |
| CN113526941A (en) * | 2021-08-18 | 2021-10-22 | 贵州理工学院 | Gob-side entry retaining roadside filling support material using modified industrial gypsum to cure red mud and preparation method thereof |
| CN113929394A (en) * | 2021-10-28 | 2022-01-14 | 山东汉博昱洲新材料有限公司 | Red mud-based carbonized brick and preparation method thereof |
| WO2023229544A1 (en) * | 2022-05-25 | 2023-11-30 | Matil Malzeme Test Ve Inovasyon Laboratuvarlari A.S. | Development of isolated construction brick from enriched electric arc furnace slag wastes |
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| CN113526941A (en) * | 2021-08-18 | 2021-10-22 | 贵州理工学院 | Gob-side entry retaining roadside filling support material using modified industrial gypsum to cure red mud and preparation method thereof |
| CN113929394A (en) * | 2021-10-28 | 2022-01-14 | 山东汉博昱洲新材料有限公司 | Red mud-based carbonized brick and preparation method thereof |
| CN113929394B (en) * | 2021-10-28 | 2022-11-08 | 山东汉博昱洲新材料有限公司 | Red mud-based carbonized brick and preparation method thereof |
| WO2023229544A1 (en) * | 2022-05-25 | 2023-11-30 | Matil Malzeme Test Ve Inovasyon Laboratuvarlari A.S. | Development of isolated construction brick from enriched electric arc furnace slag wastes |
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| CN112279603B (en) | 2022-02-25 |
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