CN112278189B - Lofting and unfolding method of irregular bulwark outer plate - Google Patents
Lofting and unfolding method of irregular bulwark outer plate Download PDFInfo
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- CN112278189B CN112278189B CN202011204854.3A CN202011204854A CN112278189B CN 112278189 B CN112278189 B CN 112278189B CN 202011204854 A CN202011204854 A CN 202011204854A CN 112278189 B CN112278189 B CN 112278189B
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
- B63B—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; EQUIPMENT FOR SHIPPING
- B63B73/00—Building or assembling vessels or marine structures, e.g. hulls or offshore platforms
- B63B73/20—Building or assembling prefabricated vessel modules or parts other than hull blocks, e.g. engine rooms, rudders, propellers, superstructures, berths, holds or tanks
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
- B63B—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; EQUIPMENT FOR SHIPPING
- B63B73/00—Building or assembling vessels or marine structures, e.g. hulls or offshore platforms
- B63B73/60—Building or assembling vessels or marine structures, e.g. hulls or offshore platforms characterised by the use of specific tools or equipment; characterised by automation, e.g. use of robots
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T70/00—Maritime or waterways transport
- Y02T70/10—Measures concerning design or construction of watercraft hulls
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Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of ship construction, and discloses a lofting and unfolding method of an irregular bulwark, which comprises the following steps of firstly, drawing a cross section view, a longitudinal section view and a water line view of the irregular bulwark; secondly, sequentially lofting and unfolding a plurality of waterlines in the waterline map; thirdly, sequentially connecting the waterline end points in the lofting unfolding picture by using the sample strip curve to form an unfolding line of the plate suture; and finally, sequentially connecting the unfolding lines of all the plate stitches to finish the lofting and unfolding of the bulwark outer plate. The lofting and unfolding method for the irregular bulwark has the advantages of simple steps and easiness in operation, and can effectively improve the unfolding efficiency and precision of the irregular three-dimensional bent outer plate.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of ship construction, and particularly relates to a lofting and unfolding method of an irregular bulwark.
Background
The line type of the hull structure is complex, most of the planking lines are bidirectionally bent and irregular, the lofting and unfolding difficulty is high, and even the planking lines cannot be directly unfolded.
At present, for an irregular three-dimensional bending outer plate, software cannot accurately loft and unfold, and only can measure the actual length of a line segment by depending on a three-dimensional model or a processing sample box, and the line segment is unfolded approximately by a triangular line supporting method. The unfolding process is complicated, the precision is low, deviation and error are easy to occur, and in order to prevent the part from unfolding deviation, allowance is required to be added to the part, and the part is cut off after machining and forming. The method not only wastes materials, but also increases construction cost, and even the added allowance is not enough to make up for the size deviation of the unfolded parts, and reworking is needed to manufacture, so that certain economic loss is caused.
Therefore, there is a need for a lofting deployment method for irregular bulwarks to solve the above-mentioned problems.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a lofting and unfolding method of an irregular bulwark, which has concise steps and easy operation and can effectively improve the unfolding efficiency and precision of the irregular three-dimensional bent planking.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
a lofting and unfolding method for irregular bulwarks comprises the following steps:
drawing a cross section view, a longitudinal section view and a water line view of the irregular bulwark shell plate;
sequentially lofting and unfolding a plurality of waterlines in the waterline-level diagram;
sequentially connecting the waterline endpoints in the lofting unfolding picture by using a spline curve to form an unfolding line of the plate suture;
and connecting the unfolding lines of all the plate stitches in sequence to finish the lofting and unfolding of the bulwark outer plate.
Preferably, the lofting deployment method of the waterline I comprises the following steps:
dividing the waterline I into multiple lines, wherein the division points are respectively A, B, C, … and N, selecting a reference rib line L in a waterline surface diagram, the intersection point of the reference rib line L and the waterline I is M, and the point M is positioned between a point B and a point C;
projecting points A, B, C, …, N, M onto waterline I in the cross-sectional view to obtain points a ', B', C ', …, N', M ";
in the cross section, the vertical lines of the reference rib lines L are made through the points a ', B', C ', …, N', respectively, and cross the reference rib lines L at the points a ", B", C ", …, N";
drawing a two-dimensional coordinate system of the lofting expansion drawing, wherein a y axis in the coordinate system represents a reference rib line L, a zero point in the coordinate system is M ', and A ', B ', C ', …, N ' in the cross-sectional views are drawn on the y axis in sequence;
in the lofting expanded view, drawing an arc with the arc length of MB in the water plane view as a radius with M ″ as the center, crossing a line B ″ and parallel to the x axis at point B; drawing an arc by taking the arc length of BA in the water line plane diagram as a radius and taking B as a circle center, crossing A' and drawing a line parallel to the x axis at the point A, and sequentially drawing the rest points;
connecting the points A, B, M, C, … and N in sequence to obtain a lofting deployment line of the waterline I.
Preferably, the arc segments between adjacent points of the points A, B, C, …, N are all equal in length.
Preferably, when at least one of the plate stitches of the gunwale outer panel is on a longitudinal section line in a water-line section view, the plate stitches on the longitudinal section line are laid out by a triangular method.
Preferably, the total number of the points A, B, C, …, N is seven or more.
Preferably, the reference rib line L has the highest straightness among all rib lines in the cross-sectional view.
Preferably, the number of waterlines in the waterline map is six or more.
Preferably, a plurality of waterlines with uniform height difference are selected to draw the waterline-surface diagram.
Preferably, the lofting and deployment of the outer panels of the bulwark are performed by computer software.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
the lofting and unfolding method of the irregular bulwark, provided by the invention, is used for sequentially lofting and unfolding a plurality of waterlines of the irregular three-dimensional bent planks, and sequentially connecting waterline end points in a lofting and unfolding diagram by spline curves to form unfolded board stitches, and for the board stitches on the waterlines, the unfolding lines of the board stitches are on the unfolding lines of the waterlines, so that the unfolding lines of the plurality of board stitches can be determined by sequentially unfolding the waterlines, and the lofting and unfolding of the bulwark are completed. Because the lofting and unfolding steps of the waterline are few, and the accuracy is high, the lofting and unfolding method of the irregular bulwark shell plate provided by the invention has the advantages of simple steps and easiness in operation, and can effectively improve the unfolding efficiency and the accuracy of the irregular three-dimensional bent shell plate.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a cross-sectional view of an irregular bulwark in a lofting deployment method of the irregular bulwark according to an embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 2 is a water-line view of the irregular shell panels in the lofting deployment method of the irregular shell panels according to the embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a longitudinal cross-sectional view of the irregular shell in the lofting deployment method of the irregular shell according to the embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 4 is a projection view of each bisector of the WL8000 waterline in the waterline-surface diagram projected onto the cross-sectional view in the lofting and unfolding method for the irregular bulwark according to the embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a longitudinal cross-sectional view of the irregular bulwark lofting deployment method of the invention with the intersection marked at the near-center seam;
fig. 6 is a lofting deployment view of the irregular bulwark obtained by the lofting deployment method of the irregular bulwark according to the embodiment of the invention;
fig. 7 is a right triangle drawn when the near center seam is unfolded by a triangle method in the lofting and unfolding method for the irregular bulwark panel according to the embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
Reference will now be made in detail to the embodiments of the present invention, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings, wherein like or similar reference numerals refer to the same or similar parts throughout or parts having the same or similar functions. The embodiments described below with reference to the drawings are illustrative and intended to be illustrative of the invention and are not to be construed as limiting the invention.
In the description of the present invention, unless otherwise expressly specified or limited, the terms "connected," "connected," and "mounted" are to be construed broadly, e.g., as meaning both connected and disconnectable, mechanically and electrically, directly or indirectly via intermediate media, whether internal or external to the elements, or in any other relationship between the elements. The specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood by those skilled in the art according to specific situations.
In the description of the present invention, unless otherwise expressly specified or limited, the first feature "on" or "under" the second feature may include the first feature and the second feature being in direct contact, or may include the first feature and the second feature being in contact not directly but with another feature therebetween. Also, the first feature being "on," "above" and "over" the second feature includes the first feature being directly on and obliquely above the second feature, or merely indicating that the first feature is at a higher level than the second feature. A first feature being "under," "below," and "beneath" a second feature includes the first feature being directly under and obliquely below the second feature, or simply meaning that the first feature is at a lesser elevation than the second feature.
The technical scheme of the invention is further explained by the specific implementation mode in combination with the attached drawings.
The embodiment provides a lofting and unfolding method of an irregular bulwark, which comprises the following steps:
s1, drawing a cross section view, a longitudinal section view and a water line section view of the irregular bulwark outer plate;
s2, sequentially lofting and unfolding a plurality of waterlines in the waterline-level diagram;
s3, sequentially connecting waterline end points in the lofting and unfolding picture by using a sample strip curve to form an unfolding line of the plate suture;
and S4, sequentially connecting the unfolding lines of all the plate stitches to finish the lofting and unfolding of the bulwark outer plate.
The lofting deployment method of irregular bulwark that this embodiment provided, to the board suture of too much water line endpoint, through the deployment of lofting in proper order to the waterline, then connect in proper order with the sample strip curve and can obtain the deployment line, to the board suture on the waterline, the deployment line of this slat suture is on the deployment line of the waterline at its place, consequently, can obtain the deployment line of many slat sutures through the method of lofting deployment waterline to accomplish the lofting deployment of bulwark. Because the lofting and unfolding steps of the waterline are few, and the accuracy is high, the lofting and unfolding method of the irregular bulwark shell plate provided by the embodiment has the advantages of concise steps and easiness in operation, and can effectively improve the unfolding efficiency and the accuracy of the irregular three-dimensional bent shell plate.
In the lofting and unfolding method of the irregular bulwark, computer software is used for lofting and unfolding the bulwark. This embodiment utilizes AutoCAD. The waterlines of the waterline-level diagram are as uniform as possible, namely the height difference of the waterlines is equal, and the number of the waterlines is more than six. Generally, six to ten waterlines are taken, the more dense the waterlines are, and the more accurate the lofting and unfolding shapes are.
FIG. 1, FIG. 2 and FIG. 3 are a cross-sectional view, a water-line view and a longitudinal-sectional view of the same irregular bulwark, wherein F-5, F-6, F-7, F-8.050, F-9, etc. represent cross-sectional rib lines; WL6800, WL7000, …, WL8700 denote the waterline; BL1000, BL1500, …, and BL7500 show longitudinal lines; s represents a plate stitch line; the structure enclosed by the plate seam lines represents an irregular bulwark.
As shown in fig. 2, the far center seam of the outer board of the bulwark in the present embodiment is on the WL8700 waterline, the near center seam is on the BL1800 vertical cut line, and the other two strip stitches are the connecting lines of the end points of the respective waterlines and the end points of the far and near seams.
In this embodiment, when at least one of the plate stitches of the gunwale outer panel is on a longitudinal section line in a water-line section view, the plate stitches on the longitudinal section line are laid out by a triangular method. The unfolding lines of the two strips of the stitches at the far centre seam and the water passing thread end point in the bulwark 2 can be determined by a lofting unfolding waterline method, and the unfolding of the near centre seam on the vertical section line of the BL1800 is lofted by a triangle method, so that the lofting unfolding of all the stitches of the bulwark can be completed.
The lofting deployment method for the irregular bulwarks shown in fig. 1 to 3 is as follows:
first, loft opens up two strips of suture distal to the center seam and the end point of the flood line.
S2.1, dividing the water line length related to the irregular bulwark into a plurality of sections on the water line surface diagram in the figure 4. In this example, the water line of WL8000 is taken as an example, seven points a, b, c, d, e, F and g are divided into six segments, the F-8.050 rib line is taken as a reference rib line, the point m represents the intersection point of the water line of WL8000 and the F-8.050 rib line on the water line surface, and the point m is located between the point d and the point e as can be seen from FIG. 4.
In order to ensure the accuracy of lofting, the number of sections of the water line length is limited to six or more, preferably six to ten. In the embodiment, the length of the water line is uniformly divided into six sections, namely, the lengths of arc ends between adjacent points in seven points a, b, c, d, e, f and g are equal, and the lofting and unfolding accuracy can be improved by uniformly dividing the sections.
The reference rib line is the highest straight line of all rib lines, as shown in fig. 4, the F-8.050 rib line is approximately straight on the cross section of the bulwark outer plate, which is beneficial to improving the lofting and unfolding accuracy.
S2.2, in the figure 4, correspondingly projecting each equal division point of the WL8000 waterline in the waterline surface diagram onto the WL8000 waterline in the cross-sectional diagram to obtain points a ', b', c ', d', e ', f', g'm'.
S2.3, in the cross-section of FIG. 4, cross the points a ', b', c ', d', e ', F', g ', respectively, and make a perpendicular to the F-8.050 rib line, crossing the F-8.050 rib line at the points a', b ', c', d ', e', F ', g'.
S2.4, as shown in fig. 6, drawing a two-dimensional coordinate system, the y-axis in the coordinate system representing the F-8.050 rib line, the zero point in the coordinate system being m ", and the lengths of the line segments between the points a", b ", c", d ", e", F ", g" and m "in the cross section of fig. 4 are taken in the y-axis sequentially, and the parallel lines of the x-axis are taken through a", b ", c", d ", e", F ", g" on the y-axis respectively.
S2.5, in FIG. 6, drawing an arc with the m 'point as the center and the md arc length in the horizontal plane as the radius, crossing the d' parallel line at the d point; drawing an arc by taking the point d as the center of a circle and the length of the arc of the waterplane dc as the radius, crossing c' parallel lines at the point c, and sequentially making adjacent points according to the same method until all the points a, b, e, f and g are determined.
S2.6, in FIG. 6, points a, b, c, d, m', e, f and g are connected in sequence by a spline curve to obtain a lofted and expanded shape with WL8000 waterline.
Then, the rest waterlines WL7800, WL8200, … and WL8700 are lofted and unfolded according to the method, the end points of all the waterlines are connected in sequence through spline curves to obtain the unfolding lines of two strips of stitches, and the unfolding line of the far middle seam is the unfolding line of the waterline WL8700, so that the unfolding line of the far middle seam is determined.
And finally, lofting and unfolding the near-center seam by a triangular method.
As shown in FIG. 4, point i represents the intersection of waterline WL7800 with the rib line F-8.050 at the waterline plane, and points k and p represent the two endpoints of waterline WL7800, respectively. As shown in FIG. 5, points h and j represent the intersection of the three slat stitches, with point h being at waterline WL7300 and point j being at waterline WL 7600.
S4.1, respectively taking the lengths L1 and L3 of hk and jp on the water line surface in the figure 4 as the projections of the actual hk and jp, respectively, and taking the height difference of the respective water lines, respectively making two right triangles as shown in the figure 7, and calculating the length of the hypotenuse, namely the real length. The real length of hk is L2 and the real length of jp is L4.
S4.2, in the graph of FIG. 6, an arc is drawn by taking i as the center of a circle, the length of an ih arc line in the graph of FIG. 5 as a radius, then an arc is drawn by taking k as the center of a circle and the length of L2 as a radius, and the two arcs intersect at a point h. The j point was determined in the same manner. And connecting points h, i and j by using a spline curve, namely lofting and unfolding a near-center seam on a longitudinal section line of BL1800 on the bulwark.
And S4.3, in the figure 6, sequentially connecting the end points of each waterline and the end points of the near centre joints which are lofted and unfolded by spline curves, and thus completing the lofting and unfolding of the irregular bulwark.
It should be understood that the above-described embodiments of the present invention are merely examples for clearly illustrating the present invention, and are not intended to limit the embodiments of the present invention. Other variations and modifications will be apparent to persons skilled in the art in light of the above description. And are neither required nor exhaustive of all embodiments. Any modification, equivalent replacement, and improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the claims of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. A lofting and unfolding method for an irregular bulwark is characterized by comprising the following steps:
drawing a cross section view, a longitudinal section view and a water line view of the irregular bulwark shell plate;
sequentially lofting and unfolding a plurality of waterlines in the waterline-level diagram;
sequentially connecting waterline endpoints in the lofting unfolding picture by using a spline curve to form an unfolding line of the plate suture;
sequentially connecting the unfolding lines of all plate suture lines to finish the lofting and unfolding of the bulwark outer plate;
the lofting unfolding method of the waterline I comprises the following steps:
dividing the waterline I into a plurality of sections of lines, wherein the division points are points A, B, C, … and N respectively, selecting a reference rib line L in a waterline surface diagram, the intersection point of the reference rib line L and the waterline I is M, and the point M is positioned between a point B and a point C;
projecting points A, B, C, …, N, M onto waterline I in the cross-sectional view to obtain points a ', B', C ', …, N', M ";
in the cross-sectional view, the vertical lines of the reference rib lines L are respectively made to pass through the points a ', B', C ', …, N', and respectively cross the reference rib lines L at the points a ", B", C ", …", N ";
drawing a two-dimensional coordinate system of the lofting expansion drawing, wherein a y axis in the coordinate system represents a reference rib line L, a zero point in the coordinate system is M ', and A ', B ', C ', …, N ' in the cross-sectional views are drawn on the y axis in sequence;
in the lofting expanded view, drawing an arc with the arc length of MB in the water plane view as a radius with M ″ as the center, crossing a line B ″ and parallel to the x axis at point B; drawing an arc by taking the arc length of BA in the water plane diagram as a radius and taking B as a circle center, crossing A' and drawing a line parallel to the x axis at the point A, and sequentially drawing the rest points;
connecting the points A, B, M, C, … and N in sequence to obtain a lofting deployment line of the waterline I.
2. A lofting deployment method for irregular bulwarks as claimed in claim 1, wherein the arc segments between adjacent ones of the points A, B, C, …, N are all equal in length.
3. The lofting deployment method for an irregular bulwark as claimed in claim 1, wherein when at least one of the plate stitches of the bulwark is on a longitudinal section line in a water-line plan view, the plate stitches on the longitudinal section line are lofted and deployed by a triangular method.
4. A lofting deployment method for irregular bulwarks as claimed in claim 1, wherein the total number of the points A, B, C, …, N is seven or more.
5. A lofting deployment method for an irregular bulwark as claimed in claim 1, wherein the reference rib line L has the highest straightness among all rib lines of the cross-sectional view.
6. A lofting deployment method for an irregular bulwark as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the number of water lines in the water line plan is six or more.
7. A lofting and unfolding method for an irregular bulwark as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein a plurality of water lines with uniform height difference are selected to draw the water line surface diagram.
8. A lofting deployment method for an irregular shell board according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the lofting deployment of the shell board is performed by computer software.
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| CN114987716B (en) * | 2022-06-29 | 2023-12-22 | 中船黄埔文冲船舶有限公司 | Seam arranging method for hull planking |
| CN115009469B (en) * | 2022-06-30 | 2023-06-23 | 中船黄埔文冲船舶有限公司 | Lofting design method for processing template |
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