CN112276499A - Automobile rear axle half shaft annealing gear rolling processing technology - Google Patents
Automobile rear axle half shaft annealing gear rolling processing technology Download PDFInfo
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- CN112276499A CN112276499A CN202011117613.5A CN202011117613A CN112276499A CN 112276499 A CN112276499 A CN 112276499A CN 202011117613 A CN202011117613 A CN 202011117613A CN 112276499 A CN112276499 A CN 112276499A
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23P—METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; COMBINED OPERATIONS; UNIVERSAL MACHINE TOOLS
- B23P15/00—Making specific metal objects by operations not covered by a single other subclass or a group in this subclass
- B23P15/14—Making specific metal objects by operations not covered by a single other subclass or a group in this subclass gear parts, e.g. gear wheels
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Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of machining, and discloses an annealing gear rolling processing technology for a rear axle half shaft of an automobile, which comprises the following steps: blanking → oil pressure → tempering → fine turning rod → annealing → fine turning of spline excircle → seventh tooth rolling → medium frequency quenching → oxidized scale → fine shaping of R →
Finish turning and stopping →
Drill →
Flaw detection →
And cleaning, and realizing mass production from blanks to finished products through the connection among all the working procedures. The scheme replaces the traditional milling pattern by developing the gear rolling processThe key technology and the gear rolling procedure adopt an upper spline rolling cutter and a lower spline rolling cutter, a workpiece is clamped between the two spline rolling cutters, and splines are machined by grinding through the mutual movement of the spline rolling cutters.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of machining, in particular to an annealing gear rolling machining process for a rear axle half shaft of an automobile.
Background
The automobile rear axle half shaft is used as an important part in an automobile rear axle assembly, has the functions of transmitting torque and bearing bending moment, and can cause the automobile to be incapable of running if a problem occurs in the rear axle half shaft. The spline forming process adopts a gear rolling machine to form the spline, and has the phenomenon of irregular tooth profile, the irregular tooth profile causes difficulty in assembling the half axle spline and the half axle gear, and the half axle is clamped seriously. The problem that the strength of the spline part is reduced by adopting local surface annealing to form complete plastic deformation is solved by considering the fact that the spline part is caused by some incomplete plastic deformation, and therefore an annealing process is specially added before gear rolling.
The traditional processing process flow is roughly as follows: blanking → oil pressure → tempering → finish turning rod part → milling spline → medium frequency quenching → brush oxide skin → finish shaping → finish turning flange → drilling → flaw detection → cleaning, milling spline by using common numerical control lathe, low processing precision and low efficiency.
Therefore, it is very important to develop a whole set of annealing gear rolling processing technology for the half shaft of the rear axle of the automobile, and firstly, to realize product manufacturing, secondly, the processing technology of the product is optimized, and the production efficiency is improved.
Disclosure of Invention
Technical problem to be solved
Aiming at the defects of the prior art, the invention provides an annealing gear rolling processing technology for an automobile rear axle half shaft, which solves the problems of irregular tooth shape, processing efficiency improvement and the like of gear rolling, improves the quality of the automobile rear axle half shaft, and enables the product quality to be more stable through technological innovation.
(II) technical scheme
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme:
an annealing gear rolling processing technology for a rear axle half shaft of an automobile comprises the following steps: blanking → oil pressure → tempering → fine turning rod → annealing → fine turning of spline excircle → seventh tooth rolling → medium frequency quenching → oxidized scale → fine shaping of R →
Finish turning and stopping →
Drill →
Flaw detection →
And cleaning, and realizing mass production from blanks to finished products through the connection among all the working procedures.
Preferably, in the blanking process, the round steel blank is cut into a fixed size by a sawing machine, and the blanking size is calculated by a relevant model;
the oil pressure working procedure is a hot forging working procedure, firstly, the materials which are well placed in the working procedure are placed in a medium-frequency diathermic furnace to be heated to austenitizing temperature, the austenitizing temperature is strictly controlled, a secondary forming process is adopted, the materials are pre-upset to a set size for the first time, and an oil press is used for extrusion forming for the second time.
Preferably, the tempering step is used for carrying out overall heat treatment on the workpiece obtained in the second step, namely quenching and high-temperature tempering treatment, controlling the hardness of the workpiece after tempering to be more than HB260, changing the structure of the workpiece and improving the machining performance of the workpiece.
Preferably, the process of finish turning the rod part adopts a numerical control lathe profiling machining mode, the whole rod part needs to be machined at the station, the whole rod part comprises an outermost spline excircle, the whole rod part connected with the flange plate and a socket hole at the joint of the rod part and the flange plate, the spline excircle needs to be reserved with a margin of 0.4-0.6mm for the subsequent process, the rod part jump needs to meet 0.8mm, and the spline excircle jump needs to reach below 0.25 mm.
Preferably, the annealing process is used for annealing the workpiece treated in the process (iv);
finish turning spline excircle process is to a process that work piece spline excircle position set up, the spline excircle beats within 0.03 mm.
Preferably, the gear rolling procedure adopts an upper spline rolling cutter and a lower spline rolling cutter, the workpiece is clamped between the two spline rolling cutters, and the splines are processed by mutual motion of the spline rolling cutters.
Preferably, in the intermediate frequency quenching process, the integral intermediate frequency quenching inductor is used for performing intermediate frequency induction quenching treatment on the whole rod part of the semi-axis;
and the procedure of brushing the oxide skin adopts a common numerically controlled lathe clamping steel brush to clean the quenched rod oxide skin.
Preferably, the finishing process adopts automatic straightening equipment, the straightening pressure is divided into three stages, and the three stages are respectively high pressure of 90-120Kg/cm2The secondary pressure is 90 to 120Kg/cm2And low pressure of 50-100Kg/cm2And straightening the rod part micro-deformation caused during intermediate frequency quenching heating, wherein the excircle runout of the spline is 0.25mm, the middle rod part runout is 0.8mm, and the flange rod part runout is 0.25 mm.
Preferably, in the step of drilling the flange holes, the distribution of each hole is controlled by matching a multi-axis machine with a drill jig, and the position degree of each hole reaches phi 0.15;
the flaw detection medium used in the flaw detection procedure is magnetic suspension formed by mixing fluorescent magnetic powder and anhydrous kerosene according to a certain proportion, and demagnetization is carried out after magnetic flaw detection is finished, so that the condition that the adsorption of pins is insufficient is taken as a standard.
Preferably, the cleaning process adopts a process mode of combining moving scanning cleaning and moving scanning blowing, hot air drying, atomizing oil spraying and oil cutting, the cleaning agent is combined in the workpiece cleaning process to have a strong cleaning effect on oil stains and inner hole scrap iron on the surface of the rear axle half shaft, the requirements of cleanliness and rust prevention after the half shaft is cleaned are met, and the cleanliness standard of the half shaft is guaranteed to be less than or equal to 12 mg.
(III) advantageous effects
Compared with the prior art, the invention provides an annealing gear rolling processing technology for the automobile rear axle half shaft, which has the following beneficial effects:
(1) according to the scheme, a traditional spline milling process is replaced by developing a gear rolling process, an upper spline rolling cutter and a lower spline rolling cutter are adopted in the gear rolling process, a workpiece is clamped between the two spline rolling cutters, and the spline is processed by grinding through the mutual motion of the spline rolling cutters.
(2) The scheme mainly expands around the gear rolling, ensures the stability of the gear rolling process to the maximum extent through the change of the heat treatment process, has simple and effective flow and stable product quality, improves the productivity, reduces the production cost, and completely meets the design and use requirements.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of an annealing gear rolling process for a rear axle shaft of an automobile according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a hardening and tempering process of the automobile rear axle half shaft of the invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of an annealing process of a rear axle shaft of an automobile according to the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of an integrated medium frequency quenching inductor for a rear axle shaft of an automobile according to the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of a rear axle half-shaft spline of an automobile according to the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of a half-shaft product of a rear axle shaft of an automobile.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Referring to FIGS. 1-6, an annealing gear rolling process for a rear axle shaft of an automobile includesThe following procedures: blanking → oil pressure → tempering → fine turning rod → annealing → fine turning of spline excircle → seventh tooth rolling → medium frequency quenching → oxidized scale → fine shaping of R →
Finish turning and stopping →
Drill →
Flaw detection →
And cleaning, and realizing mass production from blanks to finished products through the connection among all the working procedures.
Feeding: and cutting the round steel blank into a fixed size by a sawing machine, wherein the blanking size is obtained by calculating through a relevant model.
Oil pressure: namely, the hot forging process, firstly, the materials obtained in the first step are put into a medium-frequency diathermy furnace to be heated to austenitizing temperature, the austenitizing temperature is strictly controlled, forming is difficult when forging is too low, and crystal grains are easy to be coarse when forging is too high, so that the service performance of workpieces is influenced; the forming compression amount is large, the requirement on equipment pressure is high, so that a secondary forming process is adopted, the pre-upsetting is performed to the set size for the first time, an oil press is used for extrusion forming for the second time, and through the steps, the blank of the whole workpiece is formed.
Thirdly, tempering: the workpiece in the second step is subjected to integral heat treatment, namely quenching and high-temperature tempering treatment, the hardness of the quenched and tempered workpiece is controlled to be more than HB260, the step is intended to change the structure of the workpiece, and further the mechanical processing performance of the workpiece is improved, and detailed process is shown in figure 2
Fourthly, finely turning the rod part: adopt numerical control lathe contour machining mode, this station needs to process whole pole portion, including the spline excircle of outermost end, the whole pole portion of being connected with the ring flange and the nest hole of pole portion and ring flange junction. The excircle of the spline needs to reserve a margin of 0.4-0.6mm for the subsequent process, the rod part jump needs to meet 0.8mm, and the excircle jump of the spline needs to be less than 0.25 mm.
Annealing: annealing treatment is carried out on the workpiece obtained in the step (IV), the step is a newly added step and is a special step in the whole processing process flow, because the workpiece adopts a gear rolling machine to form the spline, an irregular tooth shape phenomenon exists, and the problem that the strength of the spline part is reduced by adopting local surface annealing to solve the problem of complete plastic deformation is considered to be caused by some incomplete plastic deformation of the spline part, the step is specially added, and the detailed process is shown in figure 3.
Sixthly, finish turning of the excircle of the spline: the special working procedure for the excircle of the spline requires the excircle jump of the spline within 0.03 mm.
Seventhly, gear rolling: the upper spline rolling cutter and the lower spline rolling cutter are adopted to clamp a workpiece between the two spline rolling cutters, and the spline is machined through the mutual motion of the spline rolling cutters.
And eighthly, intermediate frequency quenching: considering that the half shaft needs to bear larger bending moment and torque in the driving process of an automobile, the half shaft is subjected to medium-frequency induction quenching treatment on the whole rod part of the half shaft by using a medium-frequency quenching integral sensor, the half shaft adopts a rod part integral quenching process, the residual thermal stress is larger after quenching, self-tempering is carried out, additional tempering treatment is not needed, the surface hardness of a spline after quenching can reach HRC48-54, the surface hardness of the rod part HRC50-56, and the depth of a hardening layer is 4-6mm, and the used medium-frequency quenching integral sensor is shown in figure 4.
Ninthly, brushing oxide skin: and (3) clamping the steel brush by using a common numerical control lathe to clean the quenched rod scale.
R finish shape: the method adopts automatic straightening equipment, the straightening pressure is divided into three levels, namely high pressure of 90-120Kg/cm2, secondary pressure of 90-120Kg/cm2 and low pressure of 50-100Kg/cm2, and mainly aims to straighten the micro-deformation of a rod part caused by intermediate frequency quenching heating, the excircle run-out of a spline is 0.25mm, the run-out of a middle rod part is 0.8mm, and the run-out of a flange rod part is 0.25 mm.
The invention aims to replace the traditional spline milling process by developing a gear rolling process, further solve the problems of irregular tooth shape phenomenon, machining efficiency improvement and the like of gear rolling, improve the quality of the automobile rear axle half shaft and enable the product quality to be more stable through process innovation.
Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made in these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined in the appended claims and their equivalents.
Claims (10)
1. The annealing gear rolling processing technology for the automobile rear axle half shaft is characterized by comprising the following working procedures: blanking → oil pressure → tempering → fine turning rod → annealing → fine turning of spline excircle → seventh tooth rolling → medium frequency quenching → oxidized scale → fine shaping of R →
Finish turning and stopping →
Drill →
Flaw detection →
And cleaning, and realizing mass production from blanks to finished products through the connection among all the working procedures.
2. The annealing gear rolling processing technology for the automobile rear axle half shaft according to claim 1 is characterized in that the blanking process cuts a round steel blank into a fixed size through a sawing machine, and the blanking size is calculated through a relevant model;
the oil pressure working procedure is a hot forging working procedure, firstly, the materials which are well placed in the working procedure are placed in a medium-frequency diathermic furnace to be heated to austenitizing temperature, the austenitizing temperature is strictly controlled, a secondary forming process is adopted, the materials are pre-upset to a set size for the first time, and an oil press is used for extrusion forming for the second time.
3. The automobile rear axle half shaft annealing gear rolling processing technology as claimed in claim 1, wherein the tempering process is used for carrying out integral heat treatment on the workpiece obtained in the second step, namely quenching and high-temperature tempering treatment, the hardness of the workpiece after tempering is controlled to be greater than HB260, the structure of the workpiece is changed, and the machining performance of the workpiece is improved.
4. The annealing gear rolling processing technology for the automobile rear axle half shaft according to claim 1 is characterized in that a numerical control lathe profiling processing mode is adopted in the rod part finish turning process, the whole rod part needs to be processed at the station, the whole rod part comprises an outermost spline excircle, a whole rod part connected with a flange plate and a socket hole at the joint of the rod part and the flange plate, a margin of 0.4-0.6mm needs to be reserved for the spline excircle to be processed at the later process, the rod part jump needs to meet 0.8mm, and the spline excircle jump needs to be below 0.25 mm.
5. The automobile rear axle shaft annealing gear rolling processing technology according to claim 1, characterized in that the annealing process is used for annealing the workpiece processed in the process (iv);
finish turning spline excircle process is to a process that work piece spline excircle position set up, the spline excircle beats within 0.03 mm.
6. The annealing and gear-rolling processing technology for the automobile rear axle half shaft according to claim 1, characterized in that an upper spline rolling cutter and a lower spline rolling cutter are adopted in the gear-rolling process, a workpiece is clamped between the two spline rolling cutters, and splines are processed by mutual movement of the spline rolling cutters.
7. The annealing gear rolling processing technology for the half shaft of the automobile rear axle according to claim 1, characterized in that in the intermediate frequency quenching process, the integral intermediate frequency quenching inductor is used for performing intermediate frequency induction quenching treatment on the whole rod part of the half shaft;
and the procedure of brushing the oxide skin adopts a common numerically controlled lathe clamping steel brush to clean the quenched rod oxide skin.
8. The annealing gear rolling processing technology for the half shaft of the rear axle of the automobile as claimed in claim 1, wherein the fine shaping process adopts automatic straightening equipment, the straightening pressure is divided into three stages, respectively, the high pressure is 90-120Kg/cm2The secondary pressure is 90 to 120Kg/cm2And low pressure of 50-100Kg/cm2Straightening the micro-deformation of the rod part caused by intermediate frequency quenching heating, wherein the excircle runout of the spline is 0.25mm, the runout of the middle rod part is 0.8mm, and the runout of the flange rod part is 0.25 mm.
9. The automobile rear axle half shaft annealing gear rolling processing technology as claimed in claim 1, wherein the flange hole drilling process controls the distribution of holes through a multi-axis machine and a drill jig, and the position degree of the holes reaches phi 0.15;
the flaw detection medium used in the flaw detection procedure is magnetic suspension formed by mixing fluorescent magnetic powder and anhydrous kerosene according to a certain proportion, and demagnetization is carried out after magnetic flaw detection is finished, so that the condition that the adsorption of pins is insufficient is taken as a standard.
10. The annealing gear rolling processing technology for the automobile rear axle shaft according to claim 1 is characterized in that the cleaning procedure adopts a process mode of combining moving scanning cleaning and moving scanning blowing, hot air drying, oil spraying by atomization and oil cutting, the cleaning agent is combined in the workpiece cleaning process to have a powerful cleaning effect on oil stains and inner hole scrap iron on the surface of the rear axle shaft, the cleanliness and the rust prevention requirements after the cleaning of the axle shaft are ensured, and the cleanliness standard of the axle shaft is ensured to be less than or equal to 12 mg.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202011117613.5A CN112276499A (en) | 2020-10-19 | 2020-10-19 | Automobile rear axle half shaft annealing gear rolling processing technology |
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| CN202011117613.5A CN112276499A (en) | 2020-10-19 | 2020-10-19 | Automobile rear axle half shaft annealing gear rolling processing technology |
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Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| BR9807931A (en) * | 1997-04-18 | 2000-02-22 | Vallourec Vitry | Process of manufacturing flap-shaped parts and parts resulting from this process |
| CN107283122A (en) * | 2017-06-23 | 2017-10-24 | 大永精机（福州）有限公司 | A kind of manufacturing process of automobile hollow semiaxis |
| CN109483188A (en) * | 2019-01-14 | 2019-03-19 | 郑州工商学院 | A kind of technique manufacturing half shaft with flange plate with steel pipe |
| CN110153654A (en) * | 2019-05-24 | 2019-08-23 | 重庆荆江汽车半轴股份有限公司 | Large modulus high rigidity automobile axle shaft spline processing technology |
-
2020
- 2020-10-19 CN CN202011117613.5A patent/CN112276499A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| BR9807931A (en) * | 1997-04-18 | 2000-02-22 | Vallourec Vitry | Process of manufacturing flap-shaped parts and parts resulting from this process |
| CN107283122A (en) * | 2017-06-23 | 2017-10-24 | 大永精机（福州）有限公司 | A kind of manufacturing process of automobile hollow semiaxis |
| CN109483188A (en) * | 2019-01-14 | 2019-03-19 | 郑州工商学院 | A kind of technique manufacturing half shaft with flange plate with steel pipe |
| CN110153654A (en) * | 2019-05-24 | 2019-08-23 | 重庆荆江汽车半轴股份有限公司 | Large modulus high rigidity automobile axle shaft spline processing technology |
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Application publication date: 20210129 |