CN112272520B

CN112272520B - Improved natural oil pesticide composition

Info

Publication number: CN112272520B
Application number: CN201980037186.9A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 李航晟; 周达洪; 练俊康
Original assignee: Tre Meric Co ltd
Current assignee: Tre Meric Co ltd
Priority date: 2018-06-04
Filing date: 2019-06-04
Publication date: 2023-10-17
Anticipated expiration: 2039-06-04
Also published as: MX2020010705A; CN112272520A; CA3096451A1; CN112243347B; CN112243347A; MX2020010704A; CA3096436A1

Abstract

Disclosed are pesticidal compositions for improving the physical characteristics of a pesticidal formulation comprising a natural pesticidal oil active ingredient. One such composition comprises a pesticidal natural oil active ingredient, a surfactant dispersing the active ingredient in an aqueous emulsion, a polymeric pour point depressant effective to lower the pour point temperature of the pesticidal natural oil active ingredient, and a hydrocarbon solvent. Also disclosed are methods of providing a pesticidal composition and applying to control one or more pests.

Description

Improved natural oil pesticide composition

Cross Reference to Related Applications

The present application claims U.S. provisional patent application No. 62/680,158 entitled "improved natural oil pesticidal composition (IMPROVED NATURAL OIL PESTICIDAL COMPOSITIONS)" filed on 6/4 of 2018; and U.S. provisional patent application No. 62/655,355 entitled "pesticidal composition with improved physical characteristics (PESTICIDAL COMPOSITIONS WITH IMPROVED PHYSICAL CHARACTERISTICS)" filed on 4/10 of 2018, each of which is incorporated herein by reference in its entirety.

Technical Field

Some embodiments of the present disclosure relate to pesticidal compositions. In particular, some embodiments of the present invention relate to pesticidal compositions having improved physical and/or chemical characteristics, such as those associated with physical handling, physical and chemical compatibility and stability of the composition that can improve storage, mixing and application of the pesticidal composition, such as for agricultural, horticultural or household pest control.

Background

Pesticides (including fungicides, herbicides, nematicides, and insecticides) are important compositions for use in domestic, agricultural, industrial, and commercial environments, for example, to provide control of unwanted pests and/or pathogens. In many such environments, it is important to provide effective pest control, as pests and/or other pathogens, if not controlled, can cause loss and/or damage to crops or other plants, or damage to animals, humans, or other beneficial or desirable organisms. There remains a need for environmentally safe and effective pesticides, including fungicidal, nematicidal and insecticidal pesticide compositions, which enhance the effectiveness and efficacy of the pesticide, thus enabling the pesticide to be used in a more environmentally safe and effective manner.

In agricultural and/or horticultural environments, for example, various plant pests such as insects, worms, nematodes, fungi, and plant pathogens such as viruses and bacteria are known to cause significant damage to seeds as well as ornamental and crop plants. Conventional chemical pesticides are typically used, but many of these are expensive and potentially toxic to humans, animals, and/or the environment, and they may persist for a long period of time after application. In an increasing number of cases, the use of chemical pesticides also results in increased resistance of the pest to certain chemical pesticides, resulting in reduced effectiveness, the need for greater doses of the pesticide, or even the inability of certain types of pesticides to act as viable control agents. As a result, many chemical pesticides are being phased out or limited in use.

It has been proposed to replace some chemical pesticides with naturally or biologically derived pesticide compounds in an attempt to reduce the toxicity, health and environmental risks associated with the use of chemical pesticides. Pesticidal natural oils are a known class of biological pesticides, including for use in controlling insect, fungal, nematode, bacterial and weed pests, for example. There remains a need to provide improved pesticide compositions based on natural pesticide oils to allow for safe, convenient, effective, economical, and environmentally and ecologically safe control of insect, plant, fungal, nematode, mollusc, mite, viral and bacterial pests. In particular, there remains a need to provide improved natural pesticide oil-based pesticide compositions having improved physical characteristics including, for example, one or more of improved low temperature flow characteristics, formulation clarity, emulsion stability, and pH and/or water hardness tolerance.

The foregoing examples of the related art and the limitations associated therewith are intended to be illustrative rather than exclusive. Other limitations of the related art will become apparent to those of skill in the art upon a reading of this specification.

Disclosure of Invention

In some embodiments of the present invention, novel pesticidal compositions are disclosed, comprising: a pesticidal natural oil active ingredient, a surfactant comprising an ethoxylated natural oil and operable to disperse the pesticidal natural oil active ingredient in an aqueous emulsion, a polymeric pour point depressant operable to lower the pour point temperature of the pesticidal natural oil active ingredient, and a hydrocarbon solvent. In some such embodiments, the combination of the polymeric pour point depressant and the hydrocarbon solvent is effective to lower the pour point temperature of the pesticidal natural oil active ingredient in the composition. In some embodiments, the pesticidal composition comprises at least one pesticidal natural oil active ingredient selected from the list comprising: neem oil, karanja oil, cinnamon oil, clove oil, eugenol, oregano oil, thyme oil, garlic oil, fennel oil, geranium oil, lime oil, peppermint oil, lavender oil, and combinations thereof, or extracts obtained from the foregoing. In some embodiments, the hydrocarbon solvent comprises at least one of the following: alcohols, natural oils, terpenes, and terpenoids. In some particular such embodiments, the hydrocarbon solvent may comprise at least one cyclic terpene, such as at least one of the following: such as, for example, levo-limonene, dextro-limonene and dipentene.

In some embodiments, the pesticidal composition comprises a pesticidal natural oil active ingredient characterized by having a lower pour point temperature, wherein the pour point temperature of the pesticidal natural oil active ingredient is between about-5C and about 30C. In one such embodiment, the pour point temperature may be defined as the lowest temperature at which the pesticidal natural oil may be fluidly poured from one vessel to another, i.e., the lowest temperature at which the pesticidal natural oil remains a pourable fluid and does not gel. In some embodiments, the polymeric pour point depressant, or hydrocarbon solvent, or a combination of polymeric pour point depressant and hydrocarbon solvent component, is operable to lower the pour point temperature of the pesticidal natural oil by, for example, at least 0.5C, and preferably 1C, and further preferably at least 1.5C, and more preferably at least 2C, and more preferably at least 3C, and further preferably at least 4C, and most preferably at least 5C.

In some embodiments, the pesticidal composition may desirably be a natural oil active ingredient comprising neem oil. In another embodiment, the pesticidal natural active ingredient may comprise karanja oil (also known as pongamia oil).

In some embodiments, the pesticidal composition comprises a polymeric pour point depressant comprising at least one of an acrylic polymer and an alkylaromatic polymer. In some particular embodiments, the polymeric pour point depressant may comprise at least one of the following: polymethyl acrylate, polyalkyl methacrylate, polyacrylate, acrylate-styrene copolymer, and alkyl aromatic polymer. In some further embodiments, the polymeric pour point depressant may comprise at least one polymer listed by the U.S. national Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) as the least-risky inert pesticidal ingredient (Minimal Risk Inert Pesticide Ingredient) (4A) (i.e., a list of ingredients issued by the U.S. EPA as the FIFRA 4A list entitled "4A list-the least-risky inert pesticidal ingredient" issued by month 8 of 2004), or at least one polymer listed by EPA as the inert pesticidal ingredient (Inert Pesticide Ingredients) (4B) (i.e., the FIFRA 4B list entitled "additional ingredients with sufficient information" issued by the U.S. EPA by month 8 of 2004), or at least one polymer listed according to the code 40cfr 180.950 set forth by month 24 of 2002, each of which is hereby incorporated herein in its entirety for all purposes.

In some embodiments, the pesticidal composition may include a polymeric pour point depressant that includes at least one of a crystallization inhibitor and a co-crystallization modifier of at least one wax component of a pesticidal natural oil. In some embodiments, the polymeric pour point depressant may additionally comprise at least one diluent or carrier component. In some particular such embodiments, the polymeric pour point depressant may additionally comprise, for example, a neutral oil component, such as a neutral mineral or vegetable oil component.

In some embodiments, the pesticidal composition may comprise a hydrocarbon solvent. In some such embodiments, the hydrocarbon solvent may comprise at least one of the following: alcohols, natural oils, terpenes, and terpenoids. In some particular such embodiments, the hydrocarbon solvent may comprise at least one cyclic terpene, such as at least one of the following: such as, for example, levo-limonene, dextro-limonene and dipentene.

In some embodiments, the pesticidal composition may comprise a surfactant comprising at least one of: ethoxylated natural oils, ethoxylated castor oils, saponins, ethoxylated alcohols, ethoxylated fatty esters, alkoxylated diols, ethoxylated fatty acids, carboxylated alcohols, carboxylic acids, fatty acids, ethoxylated alkylphenols, fatty esters, sodium dodecyl sulfide, other fatty acid-based surfactants, other natural or synthetic surfactants, or combinations thereof. In some particular such embodiments, the surfactant may comprise a nonionic surfactant comprising at least one of: ethoxylated castor oil, fatty acids, fatty esters, octylphenol ethoxylates, and combinations thereof.

In some embodiments, the pesticidal composition may further comprise a diluent. In some particular such embodiments, the diluent may comprise at least one neutral oil component, such as one or more of safflower oil, rapeseed oil, vegetable oil, or mineral oil. In some other such embodiments, the diluent may comprise at least one of the following: isopropyl alcohol, isopropyl myristate, and combinations thereof. In further such embodiments, the diluent may additionally comprise at least one carrier component.

In some embodiments, the pesticidal composition may comprise a pesticidal natural oil active ingredient comprising at least one of neem oil and karanja oil, and wherein the polymeric pour point depressant is operable to inhibit or alter crystallization of at least one of the wax and fatty acid components of said pesticidal natural oil. In some particular such embodiments, at least one wax or fatty acid component of the pesticidal natural oil has a melting point of about 15C or greater. In some other such embodiments, the at least one wax or fatty acid component of the pesticidal natural oil may have a melting point of about 10C or greater, and in still other embodiments, for example, have a melting point of about 5C or greater.

In some embodiments, the pesticidal composition may additionally comprise at least one additional natural pesticidal active ingredient. In some particular such embodiments, the additional natural pesticide active ingredient may comprise an extract of at least one natural pesticide oil. In some embodiments, the pesticidal composition may comprise a natural pesticidal oil active ingredient comprising at least one NOP-listed organic natural oil, e.g., listed according to the U.S. department of agriculture (USDA) national organic regulatory project (NOP), or OMRI, or other organic or other alternative agricultural standards certification, e.g., may be listed by USDA to allow use in organic agricultural products and the like.

In some embodiments, a pesticidal composition may be provided such that the composition comprises a substantially homogeneous pesticidal concentrate, wherein:

the pesticidal natural oil active ingredient comprises 50wt% to 90wt% of the pesticidal concentrate;

the surfactant comprises 4wt% to 25wt%;

the polymeric pour point depressant comprises from 0.1wt% to 10wt%;

and the hydrocarbon solvent comprises 0.5% to 20%.

In some particular such embodiments, for example, the pesticidal composition may additionally comprise a diluent comprising from 5wt% to 20wt% of the substantially homogeneous pesticidal concentrate. In some such embodiments, the pesticidal composition may comprise at least one polymeric pour point depressant comprising a polymeric compound listed in USDA NOP (e.g., may allow for use in organic agriculture). In some further embodiments, the polymeric pour point depressant may comprise at least one polymer listed by the U.S. national Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) as the least-risky inert pesticidal ingredient (Minimal Risk Inert Pesticide Ingredient) (4A) (i.e., a list of ingredients issued by the U.S. EPA as the FIFRA 4A list entitled "4A list-the least-risky inert pesticidal ingredient" issued by month 8 of 2004), or at least one polymer listed by EPA as the inert pesticidal ingredient (Inert Pesticide Ingredients) (4B) (i.e., the FIFRA 4B list entitled "additional ingredients with sufficient information" issued by the U.S. EPA by month 8 of 2004), or at least one polymer listed according to the code 40cfr 180.950 set forth by month 24 of 2002, each of which is hereby incorporated herein in its entirety for all purposes.

In some further embodiments, methods of preparing diluted pesticidal compositions comprising at least one pesticidal natural oil active ingredient are provided. In some such embodiments, the method comprises:

providing a homogeneous concentrate composition comprising:

a pesticide natural oil active ingredient;

a surfactant operable to disperse the pesticidal natural oil active ingredient in an aqueous emulsion;

a polymeric pour point depressant operable to lower the pour point temperature of the pesticidal natural oil active ingredient;

a hydrocarbon solvent; and

diluting the concentrate with water to form an oil-in-water emulsion dilution formulation comprising at least one pesticidal natural oil active ingredient.

In some such embodiments, the combination of the polymeric pour point depressant and the hydrocarbon solvent is effective to lower the pour point temperature of the pesticidal natural oil active ingredient in the homogeneous pesticidal concentrate composition.

In some particular embodiments, the hydrocarbon solvent comprises at least one of the following: alcohols, natural oils, terpenes, and terpenoids. In some particular such embodiments, the hydrocarbon solvent may comprise at least one cyclic terpene, such as at least one of the following: such as, for example, levo-limonene, dextro-limonene and dipentene.

In some particular embodiments of the above exemplary methods, the pour point temperature of the pesticidal natural oil active ingredient may be between about-5C and about 30C. In some embodiments, the pesticidal natural oil active ingredient comprises at least one of neem oil and karanja oil. In some further embodiments, the pesticidal composition further comprises at least one diluent or carrier component. In one such embodiment, the at least one diluent or carrier may, for example, comprise a neutral oil, such as a mineral or vegetable oil.

In some embodiments, the pesticidal composition in the above method comprises a polymeric pour point depressant comprising at least one of an acrylic polymer and an alkyl aromatic polymer. In some particular embodiments, the polymeric pour point depressant may comprise at least one of the following: polymethyl acrylate, polyalkyl methacrylate, polyacrylate, acrylate-styrene copolymer, and alkyl aromatic polymer. In some further embodiments, the polymeric pour point depressant may comprise at least one polymer listed by the U.S. national Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) as the least-risky inert pesticidal ingredient (Minimal Risk Inert Pesticide Ingredient) (4A) (i.e., a list of ingredients issued by the U.S. EPA as the FIFRA 4A list entitled "4A list-the least-risky inert pesticidal ingredient" issued by month 8 of 2004), or at least one polymer listed by EPA as the inert pesticidal ingredient (Inert Pesticide Ingredients) (4B) (i.e., the FIFRA 4B list entitled "additional ingredients with sufficient information" issued by the U.S. EPA by month 8 of 2004), or at least one polymer listed according to the code 40cfr 180.950 set forth by month 24 of 2002, each of which is hereby incorporated herein in its entirety for all purposes.

In a further embodiment according to the present disclosure, there is provided a method of enhancing physical properties of a pesticidal natural oil active ingredient comprising at least one of neem oil and karanja oil, the method comprising:

preparing a homogeneous pesticidal concentrate composition comprising:

said pesticidal natural oil active ingredient comprising at least one of neem oil and karanja oil;

a surfactant operable to disperse the pesticidal natural oil active ingredient in an aqueous emulsion; and

a polymeric pour point depressant operable to lower the pour point temperature of the pesticidal natural oil active ingredient; and

A hydrocarbon solvent; and

diluting the pesticidal concentrate with water to form an oil-in-water emulsion dilution formulation comprising at least one pesticidal natural oil active ingredient suitable for application to plants to control at least one pest.

In yet another embodiment according to the present disclosure, a method of applying at least one pesticidal composition comprising at least one pesticidal natural oil to control at least one target pest is provided. In one such embodiment, the method comprises:

according to the above method of enhancing the physical properties of a pesticidal natural oil active ingredient, a homogeneous pesticidal concentrate composition is prepared; and

the oil-in-water emulsion diluted pesticide formulation is applied to at least one plant, locus thereof, or propagation material thereof susceptible to or infested by at least one pest.

In some particular such embodiments, the diluted pesticidal formulation may be applied to, for example, at least one plant, locus thereof, or propagation material thereof, in a pesticidally effective amount to desirably provide control of the at least one pest.

In addition to the exemplary aspects and embodiments described above, further aspects and embodiments will become apparent by reference to the following detailed description.

Detailed Description

Throughout the following description, specific details are set forth in order to provide a more thorough understanding to those skilled in the art. Well known elements may not be shown or described in detail, however, to avoid unnecessarily obscuring the disclosure. The specification and tables/figures should therefore be regarded in an illustrative sense rather than a restrictive sense.

Unless defined otherwise, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this disclosure belongs.

As used herein, the singular forms "a," "an," and "the" include plural references unless the context clearly dictates otherwise. As used herein, "comprises" and "comprising" are to be interpreted as having an open-ended meaning that the recited feature, element, step, or component, described in conjunction with, is not to be interpreted to preclude the presence or addition of additional features, elements, steps, or components.

As used herein, all numbers or ranges of numbers provided expressly include integers within such ranges as well as values or fractions of integers within the range unless the context clearly indicates otherwise. Thus, for example, reference to a range of 90% -100% includes 91%, 92%, 93%, 94%, 95%, 97%, etc., as well as 91.1%, 91.2%, 91.3%, 91.4%, 91.5%, etc., 92.1%, 92.2%, 92.3%, 92.4%, 92.5%, etc. Thus, as used herein, where a range of values is provided, it is understood that each intervening value, between the upper and lower limit of that range and any other stated or intervening value in that stated range, is encompassed within the disclosed embodiments. The upper and lower limits of these smaller ranges may independently define the smaller ranges of values, and it is to be understood that these smaller ranges are intended to be encompassed within the disclosed embodiments, subject to any specifically excluded limit in the stated range.

As used herein, "plant" encompasses plants alone or plant variants of any type of plant, particularly agricultural, forestation and ornamental plants.

As used herein, the term "pest (pest) or grammatical equivalents thereof is understood to refer to organisms, for example, including pathogens that negatively affect a host or other organism (e.g., plant or animal) -unwanted organisms that infect or infect human structures, dwellings, living spaces, or foodstuffs by colonizing, disrupting, attacking, competing with, infecting, or otherwise infecting them with nutrients. Pests include, but are not limited to, fungi, weeds, nematodes, acarids and arthropods (including insects). It is understood that the term "pest" or grammatical equivalents thereof may refer to organisms that have a negative impact by infestation of plants and seeds, as well as the production of commodity products such as stored grains or other agricultural products.

As used herein, the term "pesticide" or "pesticidal" or grammatical equivalents thereof is understood to mean any composition or substance that can be used to control any agricultural, natural environment, and household (pesticide) pest. The term "control" is intended to include, but is not limited to, any killing, inhibition, growth regulation, or pest (pest) inhibition (inhibiting or otherwise interfering with the normal life cycle of a pest) activity of a composition on a given pest. These terms include, for example, sterilization activity that prevents the production or normal development of seeds, egg cells, sperm, or spores, resulting in the death of seeds, sperm, egg cells, or spores, or otherwise causing serious damage to genetic material. Additional activities intended to be encompassed within the scope of the term "control or control" include preventing larval development to mature offspring, regulating hatching of pests from eggs (including preventing hatching), degrading egg material, choking, interfering with hyphal growth, reducing gut motility, inhibiting chitin formation, disrupting mating or sexual intercourse, preventing feeding (antifeedant) activity, and interfering with host, spouse or nutrient source location. The term "pesticide" includes fungicides, herbicides, nematicides, insecticides, and the like. The term "pesticide" encompasses, but is not limited to, naturally occurring compounds as well as so-called "synthetic chemical pesticides" having non-naturally occurring structures or formulations, wherein the pesticide may be obtained by a variety of methods, including, but not limited to, extraction from biological sources, chemical synthesis of compounds, and chemical modification of naturally occurring compounds obtained from biological sources.

As used herein, the term "control" or grammatical equivalents thereof is understood to encompass any pesticidal (killing) activity or pest-inhibiting (inhibiting, expelling, deterring, and generally interfering with pest function to prevent damage to host plants) activity of a pesticidal composition to a given pest. Thus, the term "control" or grammatical equivalents thereof includes not only killing, but also such activities as expelling, deterring, inhibiting or killing egg development or hatching, inhibiting maturation or development, and chemically sterilizing larvae or adults. The deterrent or deterrent activity may be the result of a compound that is toxic, slightly toxic, or non-toxic to the pest, or may act as a pheromone in the environment.

As used herein, the term "pesticidally effective amount" generally refers to the amount of a mixture of the present invention or a composition comprising the mixture that is required to obtain an observable effect on growth, including necrosis, death, delay, prevention, and removal, destruction or otherwise reducing the appearance of the target pest organism and its activity, among other effects. The pesticidally effective amounts may vary for each mixture/composition used in the present invention. The pesticidally effective amount of these mixtures/compositions also varies depending on prevailing conditions such as desired pesticidally effect and duration, weather, target species, locus, mode of application, etc.

In some embodiments of the present invention, novel pesticidal compositions are disclosed, comprising: a pesticidal natural oil active ingredient, a surfactant operable to disperse the pesticidal natural oil active ingredient in an aqueous emulsion, a polymeric pour point depressant effective to lower the pour point temperature of the pesticidal natural oil active ingredient, and a hydrocarbon solvent.

In some embodiments as described herein, for example, the pesticidal composition may be prepared using an emulsifier or other surfactant (e.g., may be operable to disperse a pesticidal natural oil active ingredient in an aqueous emulsion) in accordance with aspects of the present disclosure. Suitable such surfactants may be selected by those skilled in the art. Examples of surfactants that may be used in some embodiments of the present disclosure include, but are not limited to, sodium lauryl sulfate, saponins, ethoxylated alcohols, ethoxylated fatty esters, alkoxylated glycols, ethoxylated fatty acids, ethoxylated natural oils, ethoxylated castor oil, glyceryl oleate, polyethylene glycol oleyl ethers, carboxylated alcohols, carboxylic acids, fatty acids, ethoxylated alkylphenols, fatty esters, sodium dodecyl sulfide, other fatty acid-based surfactants, other natural or synthetic surfactants, and combinations thereof. In some embodiments, the one or more surfactants are nonionic surfactants. In some embodiments, the one or more surfactants are cationic or anionic surfactants. In some embodiments, the surfactant may comprise two or more surfactants used in combination. The selection of the appropriate surfactant depends on the relevant application and use conditions, and is known to those skilled in the art.

In some embodiments, the pesticidal composition comprises a polymerA polymeric pour point depressant comprising at least one polymeric material. As used herein, the term "polymeric material" is used to describe a material, compound or composition defined by or comprising at least one polymer or derivative thereof. In one non-limiting example, the polymeric material includes acrylic acid, acrylate, or other acryl derived units. In other examples, the polymeric material may include alkyl aromatic compounds and/or derivatives of one or more derivatives thereof. In one particular example, the polymeric material may comprise, for example, a Polyacrylic Acid Methacrylate (PAMA) pour point depressant polymeric material. Exemplary such PAMA polymeric pour point depressants are commercially available from Dai Jika cara company (Dai-Ichi karkularia ltd.) of mahalanobis, india, state of ohio parthenon company (The Lubrizol Corporation), wining oil additives company (Evonik Oil Additives GMBH) of damshi schtart, germany (as Evonik Viscoplex ^TM Series 10 polymeric pour point depressants), or from Harrison corporation (a S Harrison Co, pty), sydney, australia. It should be understood that mixtures of two or more of the foregoing non-limiting examples of polymeric materials may also be included in one or more pesticidal compositions described in the present disclosure.

In some embodiments, for example, the hydrocarbon solvent may comprise limonene, such as, but not limited to, dextro limonene, which is widely commercially available from, for example, sigma Aldrich, st louis, miso, USA (Sigma-Aldrich Sigma), american You Niwei, raymond, USA (Univar USA), stelazkya, USA (e.stroudburg), micro-Chemical company (Vigon International, inc), micro-Chemical company (Wego Chemical), peng Da international company, great, new jersey, USA (Penta International Corporation), new jersey, USA (Parchem Chemicals), and firm Oil products, such as, for example, texas alliance, USA (resolution Oil).

In one aspect, the pesticidal composition according to some embodiments of the present disclosure additionally comprises one or more suitable carrier or diluent components. Suitable carrier or diluent components may be selected by those skilled in the art, depending on the particular application desired and the conditions of use of the composition. Commonly used carriers and diluents may include ethanol, isopropanol, isopropyl myristate, other alcohols, water, neutral oils (e.g., one or more of mineral or vegetable oils), and other inert carriers such as, but not limited to, EPA listed as the least-hazardous inert pesticidal ingredient (Minimal Risk Inert Pesticide Ingredients, 4A) (list of ingredients issued by the U.S. EPA as the title "4A list-the least-hazardous inert pesticidal ingredient" issued by month 8 of 2004, month 2015), or as the inert pesticidal ingredient (4B) (list of FIFRA 4B issued by the U.S. EPA as the 8 th of 2004, entitled "other ingredients 4B list-EPA with sufficient information"), or according to EPA regulations 40cfr 180.950 set forth by month 5 of 2002, each of which is hereby incorporated herein in its entirety for all purposes.

In some embodiments, for reasons such as, but not limited to, economic, physical and chemical stability and synergy, pesticidal compositions such as those disclosed herein may also be used with acaricides, algicides, antifeedants, avicides, bactericides, bird repellents, chemosterilants, fungicides, herbicide safeners, herbicides, insect repellents, mammalian repellents, mating disrupters, molluscicides, other insecticides, other pesticides, plant activators, plant growth regulators, rodenticides, synergists, adjuvants, defoliants, desiccants, disinfectants, semiochemicals, and virucides (these classes are not necessarily mutually exclusive).

In some embodiments, the pesticidal compositions described herein may also be provided with a phytologically acceptable inert ingredient to provide or supplement a carrier and may be formulated, for example, as concentrated emulsions, powders, emulsifiable concentrates, gels, granules, microcapsules, seed treatments, suspension concentrates, suspoemulsions, and pellets. For further information on suitable such formulation types known to the person skilled in the art, reference may be made to the following publications, for example: "CATALOGUE OF PESTICIDE FORMULATION TYPES AND INTERNATIONAL CODING SYSTEM [ catalog of pesticide formulations and International coding System ]" Technical Monograph [ technical monograph ], phase 2, 5 th edition (2002) published by International crop Life Association (CropLife International).

In some embodiments, the pesticidal compositions according to aspects of the present disclosure may be applied as an aqueous suspension or emulsion prepared from a concentrated formulation of such compositions. Such water-soluble, water-suspendable, or emulsifiable formulations may be provided by a liquid typically referred to as an emulsifiable concentrate, an aqueous suspension, or an oily suspension. In alternative embodiments, the pesticidal composition may alternatively be provided as a solid, typically referred to as a wettable powder or water-dispersible granules. In such embodiments, the wettable powder that can be compacted to form the water-dispersible granules comprises an intimate mixture of the pesticide composition, carrier, and surfactant. In some such embodiments, the carrier may typically be selected from the following: such as attapulgite and montmorillonite clay, diatomaceous earth, or purified silicate. Effective surfactants for wettable powders and/or granules, for example, may typically comprise from about 0.5% to about 10% of the wettable powder/granule, and may comprise sulfonated lignin, condensed naphthalene sulfonate, alkylbenzene sulfonate, alkyl sulfate and nonionic surfactants, such as ethylene oxide adducts of alkylphenols.

In some embodiments, pesticide compositions according to aspects of the present disclosure may be provided as emulsifiable concentrates, which may comprise a pesticide composition comprising a mixture of a water-immiscible component and an emulsifier (or surfactant) component at a suitable concentration. In some embodiments, suitable emulsifiers for the emulsifiable concentrates may be selected from anionic and nonionic surfactants.

In some alternative embodiments, the pesticidal compositions according to aspects of the present disclosure may be applied as a granular formulation that is particularly suitable for application to soil. Exemplary such granular formulations may contain a pesticidal composition dispersed in a carrier comprising clay or similar substances. Such formulations can typically be prepared by dissolving the pesticidal composition in a suitable solvent and applying it to a particulate carrier that has been preformed to an appropriate particle size (e.g., in the range of from about 0.5mm to 3 mm). Such formulations are formulated by forming the carrier and the pesticidal composition into a dough or paste and pulverizing and drying to obtain the desired particle size in granules.

In some further embodiments, the powder, granule, gel or microparticle containing the pesticidal composition is prepared, for example, by intimately mixing the pesticidal composition with a suitable powder, granule, gel or microparticle agricultural carrier (e.g., kaolin, ground volcanic rock, peat, cellulose, clay, hydrogel, charcoal, etc.). For example as appropriate, for example as seed dressing, soil improvement, top dressing application powders, granules, gels or particles, or in the case of powders as foliar application with a dust blower.

In some embodiments, the pesticidal composition may also be applied to the treatment site in the form of an aerosol formulation. In such formulations, the pesticidal composition may typically be dissolved or dispersed in an aerosol carrier (e.g., a propellant mixture that generates pressure). The aerosol formulation may be packaged or compressed in a container, for example, by dispensing the mixture from the container through an atomizing valve.

In some other embodiments, the pesticidal composition may comprise an oil-in-water emulsion, wherein the emulsion comprises oily globules, each oily globule having a lamellar liquid crystal coating and being dispersed in an aqueous phase, wherein each oily globule comprises at least one agriculturally active compound and is individually coated with a mono-lamellar or oligolamellar layer comprising: for example, (1) at least one nonionic lipophilic surfactant, (2) at least one nonionic hydrophilic surfactant, and (3) at least one ionic surfactant, wherein the globules have a desired average particle size, such as less than about 800 nanometers. For further information on suitable such formulation types known to the person skilled in the art, reference may be made to the following publications, for example: dent, "INSECT PEST MANAGEMENT [ insect pest management ]" version 2, copyright holders CAB International company (CAB International) (2000); and/or: arnold Mallis, "HANDBOOK OF PEST CONTROL- -THE BEHAVIOR, LIFE HISTORY, AND CONTROL OF HOUSEHOLD PESTS [ pest control handbook- -BEHAVIOR, LIFE HISTORY, AND control of household pests ]", 9 th edition, copyrighted GIE matrix Co (GIE Media Inc.) 2004.

Other formulation Components

In some embodiments, when the pesticidal compositions disclosed in the present disclosure are used in a formulation, the formulation may also contain other components. These components include, but are not limited to, (for clarity, a non-exhaustive and non-mutually exclusive list of) wetting agents, spreaders, adhesives, penetrants, buffers, chelating agents, drift reducing agents, compatibilizers, defoamers, cleaners, rheology modifiers, stabilizers, dispersants, and emulsifiers. Some exemplary such additional formulation components are described below.

A wetting agent is a substance that, when added to a liquid, increases the diffusion or osmotic force of the liquid by reducing the tension between the interface between the liquid and its diffusion surface. In agrochemical formulations, wetting agents serve two main functions: increasing the wetting rate of the powder in water during processing and manufacture to produce a concentrate of a soluble liquid or suspension concentrate; and reducing the wetting time of the wettable powder and improving the penetration of water in the water-dispersible granules during mixing of the product with water in the spray can. Examples of wetting agents used in wettable powders, suspension concentrates and water dispersible granule formulations are: sodium dodecyl sulfate; dioctyl sodium sulfosuccinate; alkylphenol ethoxylates; and fatty alcohol ethoxylates.

A dispersant is a substance that adsorbs to the surface of particles and helps to maintain the dispersed state of the particles and prevent them from reagglomerating. During manufacture, dispersants are added to agrochemical formulations to promote dispersion and suspension and ensure that the microparticles are redispersed in water in spray cans. They are widely used in wettable powders, suspension concentrates and water dispersible granules. Surfactants used as dispersants have the ability to strongly adsorb to the surface of the particles and provide a charged or steric barrier to the reagglomeration of the particles. The most commonly used surfactants are anionic, nonionic, or a mixture of the two types. For wettable powder formulations, the most common dispersant is sodium lignin sulfonate. For suspension concentrates, good adsorption and stability can be obtained using polyelectrolytes such as sodium naphthalene sulfonate formaldehyde condensate. Tristyrylphenol ethoxylate phosphate esters are also used. Nonionic surfactants such as alkylaryl ethylene oxide condensates and EO-PO block copolymers are sometimes combined with anionic surfactants as dispersants for suspension concentrates. In recent years, novel polymeric surfactants of very high molecular weight have been developed as dispersants. They have a very long hydrophobic "backbone" and a large number of ethylene oxide chains forming the "teeth" of a "comb" surfactant. These high molecular weight polymers can give the suspension concentrate good long term stability because these hydrophobic backbones have many anchor points at the particle surface. Examples of dispersants used in agrochemical formulations are: sodium lignin sulfonate; sodium naphthalene sulfonate formaldehyde condensate; tristyrylphenol ethoxylate phosphate; fatty alcohol ethoxylates; alkyl ethoxylates; EO-PO block copolymers; and graft copolymers.

An emulsifier is a substance that stabilizes a suspension of droplets of one liquid phase in another liquid phase. Without the emulsifier, the two liquids typically separate into two mutually immiscible liquid phases. Exemplary commonly used emulsifier blends may contain alkylphenols or fatty alcohols having 12 or more ethylene oxide units, and oil soluble calcium salts such as dodecylbenzenesulfonic acid. In some embodiments, hydrophilic-lipophilic balance ("HLB") values ranging from 8 to 18 generally provide good stable emulsions. Emulsion stability can sometimes be improved by adding small amounts of EO-PO block copolymer surfactant.

A solubilizing agent is a surfactant that is capable of forming micelles in water at a concentration above the critical micelle concentration. These micelles are then able to dissolve (distolve) or solubilize (solubilize) the water-insoluble material inside the hydrophobic portion of the micelle. Exemplary types of surfactants commonly used for solubilization include nonionic: sorbitan monooleate; sorbitan monooleate ethoxylate; and methyl oleate.

Thickeners or gelling agents can typically be used primarily in the formulation of suspension concentrates, emulsions and suspoemulsions to alter the rheology or flow characteristics of the liquid and prevent separation and settling of dispersed particles or droplets. Thickeners, gelling agents, and anti-settling agents generally fall into two categories, namely water insoluble particulates and water soluble polymers. In some examples, it is possible to use clay and silica to produce suspension concentrate formulations. Examples of these types of materials include, but are not limited to, montmorillonite, e.g., bentonite; magnesium aluminum silicate; and attapulgite. Water-soluble polysaccharides have been used for many years as thickening-gelling agents. The most common type of polysaccharide is the natural extract of seeds, and seaweed is a synthetic derivative of cellulose. Examples of these types of materials include, but are not limited to, guar gum; locust bean gum; carrageenan (carrageenan); an alginate; methyl cellulose; sodium carboxymethylcellulose (SCMC); hydroxyethylcellulose (HEC). Other types of anti-settling agents are based on modified starches, polyacrylates, polyvinyl alcohol, polyethylene oxide and xanthan gum.

The presence of interfacial tension reducing surfactants often results in foaming of the water-based formulation during the mixing operations of production and application of the pesticidal composition by spray cans. To reduce the tendency to foam, defoamers are typically added at the production stage or prior to filling into bottles. Generally, there are two types of defoamers, silicone and non-silicone. The silicone may typically comprise an aqueous emulsion of dimethylpolysiloxane, while the non-silicone defoamer comprises water insoluble oils such as octanol and nonanol, or silica. In both cases, the function of the defoamer is to displace the surfactant from the air-water interface. For further information on suitable such other formulation components known to the person skilled in the art, reference may be made to the following publications, for example: "CHEMISTRY AND TECHNOLOGY OF AGROCHEMICAL FORMULATIONS [ chemical process and technology of agrochemical formulations ]", edited by d.a. knowles, 1998, copyright owner's academic press of gram Lv Weier (Kluwer Academic Publishers); and/or: "INSECTICIDES IN AGRICULTURE AND ENVIRONMENT-RETROSPECTS AND PROSPECTS of S.Perry, I.Yamamoto, I.Ishaaya and R.Perry [ pesticide in agriculture and environment- -review and prospect ]",1998, copyright Springer-Verlag.

Application of

In some embodiments, the actual amount of pesticidal composition applied to the locus of the pest, for example, may not generally be critical and may be readily determined by one skilled in the art through experience and/or experimentation and error in application rate. Generally, a concentration range of from 0.01 grams of pesticide active ingredient per hectare to about 5000 grams of pesticide active ingredient per hectare can be used to determine the desired application rate range in order to desirably provide good control.

Examples

Exemplary embodiments of the present invention are further described with reference to the following examples, which are intended to be illustrative and not limiting.

Example 1

Exemplary pesticidal compositions comprising neem oil, a suitable surfactant, a polymeric pour point depressant, and a hydrocarbon solvent are prepared according to the following description. 849g of cold neem oil, 50g of ethoxylated octylphenol surfactant, 40.5g of white mineral oil, 40.5g of d-limonene, and 20g of acrylic polymer pour point depressant are mixed at about 20C (room temperature) using a shear mixer in an open mixing vessel. Thus, the composition of the resulting pesticidal composition is shown in table 1 below:

TABLE 1 pesticidal composition example 1

The resulting pesticidal composition example 1 was found to have a minimum pour point temperature of about 0C-1.5C. In one such exemplary embodiment, for example, the white mineral oil may comprise Carnation ^TM Mineral oils, which are widely commercially available, for example, from Sonneborn LLC, paspaly, N.J., U.S. You Niwei, R.A. (Univar USA), merrill Park, illinois (Melrose Park), kraft Chemical, new York, boKai Chemical (Parchem Chemicals), canada Petroleum Lubricant, mixsha, arena, canada (Petro-Canada Lubricants). In some such embodiments, the ethoxylated octylphenol surfactant may comprise Triton X-45 surfactant available from Dow Chemical company (Dow Chemical co.) of midland, michigan, usa. In some embodiments, the acrylic polymeric pour point depressant may comprise a Polyalkylmethacrylate (PAMA) polymer in a neutral carrier oil, available from Dai Jika kara corporation (Dai-Ichi karkuaria ltd.), state of ohio, the Lubrizol Corporation, winning oil additive company (Evonik Oil Additives GMBH) of dammstatt, germany, available as Viscoplex, india, in some embodiments, the acrylic polymeric pour point depressant may comprise a Polyalkylmethacrylate (PAMA) polymer in a neutral carrier oil ^TM Series 10 polymeric pour point depressants), or Harrison corporation of sydney, australia (a S Harrison Co, pty). In some embodiments, for example, the dextro limonene as the hydrocarbon solvent is available from known industry suppliers, which are widely commercially available, for example, sigma Aldrich, st louis, missouri, USA (Sigma-Aldrich, now milbesigma (Millipore Sigma)), us You Niwei r, redmond, USA (Univar USA), speger, st loudburg, pa, USA (Vigon International, inc), new york, USA (Great N)eck) (Wego Chemical), peng Da international company of livinston, new jersey (Penta International Corporation), bokj Chemical company of new rochelle, new york, usa (Parchem Chemicals), firm Oil products company of texas alliance, usa (resolution Oil).

In contrast, a pesticidal composition substantially similar to example 1 was prepared, but without the acrylic polymer pour point depressant or the right-handed limonene based solvent component, but replaced with 6.05wt% neutral oil (e.g., safflower or rapeseed oil). In this case, the resulting pesticidal composition was found to have a minimum pour point temperature of about 8.0C-8.5C.

Example 2

Exemplary pesticidal compositions comprising neem oil, a suitable surfactant, a polymeric pour point depressant, and a hydrocarbon solvent are prepared according to the following description. 750g of cold neem oil, 40g of white mineral oil, 150g of ethoxylated castor oil oleate surfactant, 40g of d-limonene and 20g of acrylic polymer pour point depressant are mixed using a shear mixer at about 20C (room temperature) in an open mixing vessel. Thus, the composition of the resulting pesticidal composition is shown in table 2 below:

TABLE 2 pesticidal composition example 2

Component (A)	% by weight
		Cold stamping chinaberry oil	75.0
Ethoxylated castor oil oleate surfactant	15.0
		White mineral oil	4.0
Dextro limonene	4.0
		Acrylic polymeric pour point depressants	2.0

The resulting pesticidal composition example 2 was found to have a minimum pour point temperature of about 0C-1.5C. In one such exemplary embodiment, for example, the white mineral oil may comprise Carnation ^TM Mineral oils or equivalents thereof are widely commercially available, for example, from Sonneborn LLC, paspaly, N.J., U.S. or from U.S. You Niwei R.A. (Univar USA), melrospasm Park, illinois (Kraft Chemical), boKai Chemical (Parchem Chemicals), mitsu, N.Y., canada Petroleum Lubricant (Petro-Canada Lubricants), mitsuga, canada. In some such embodiments, for example, the ethoxylated castor oil oleate surfactant may comprise an ethoxylated castor oil monooleate nonionic surfactant, which is widely commercially available from, for example, loner corporation (LUENA-panside GmbH or Leuna, DE), euler-an corporation (Oleon corp.) of belgium-eiderde (Ertvelde), sigma corporation (sigma chem corp.) of manchurian, china, BASF Canada, BASF corporation of ludwiga, canada, BASF GmbH, and Wuhan-Shengmao corp (Wuhan shaggo corp.) of chinese. In some embodiments, the acrylic polymeric pour point depressant may comprise a Polyalkylmethacrylate (PAMA) polymer in a neutral carrier oil, available from Dai Jika kara corporation of mahalanobis, india (Dai-Ichi karkuaria ltd.), ohio state of the us Company (The Lubrizol Corporation), winning oil additive Co., ltd (Evonik Oil Additives GMBH) of dammstatt, germany (as Viscoplex) ^TM Series 10 polymeric pour point depressants), or Harrison corporation of sydney, australia (a S Harrison Co, pty). In some embodiments, for example, the right-handed limonene as the hydrocarbon solvent may comprise a right-handed limonene available from a known industry provider, which is widely commercially available from, for example, sigma Aldrich, st.louis, USA, bayesian, USA, you Niwei r, USA, raymond, USA, pennsylvania, trefoil, e.g., stroudsburg, vigon International, inc, micro Chemical company, great, new york, peng Da international, new york, new jersey, li, etc., penta International Corporation, bos, USA, parchem Chemicals, new york, USA, new york, and solid Oil products, USA.

Example 3

Exemplary pesticidal compositions comprising neem oil, a suitable surfactant, a polymeric pour point depressant, and a hydrocarbon solvent are prepared according to the following description. 700g of cold-stamped chinaberry oil, 70g of white mineral oil, 150g of ethoxylated castor oil oleate surfactant, 20g of PEG oil-based ether surfactant, 40g of D-limonene and 20g of acrylic polymer pour point depressant are mixed at about 20C (room temperature) using a shear mixer in an open mixing vessel. Thus, the composition of the resulting pesticidal composition is shown in table 3 below:

TABLE 3 pesticidal composition example 3

The resulting pesticidal composition example 3 was found to have a minimum pour point temperature of about 0C-1.0C. In one such exemplary embodiment, for example, the white mineral oil may comprise Carnation ^TM Mineral oils or equivalents thereof are widely commercially available, for example, from Sonneborn LLC, paspaly, N.J., U.S. or from U.S. You Niwei R.A. (Univar USA), melrospasm Park, illinois (Kraft Chemical), boKai Chemical (Parchem Chemicals), mitsu, N.Y., canada Petroleum Lubricant (Petro-Canada Lubricants), mitsuga, canada. In some such embodiments, for example, the ethoxylated castor oil oleate surfactant may comprise an ethoxylated castor oil monooleate nonionic surfactant, which is widely commercially available from, for example, loner corporation (LUENA-panside GmbH or Leuna, DE), euler-an corporation (Oleon corp.) of belgium-eiderde (Ertvelde), sigma corporation (sigma chem corp.) of manchurian, china, BASF Canada, BASF corporation of ludwiga, canada, BASF GmbH, and Wuhan-Shengmao corp (Wuhan shaggo corp.) of chinese. In some such embodiments, for example, the PEG oleyl ether surfactant may comprise a nonionic PEG oleyl ether surfactant, such as is widely commercially available from Sigma Aldrich, st.

In some embodiments, the acrylic polymeric pour point depressant may comprise a Polyalkylmethacrylate (PAMA) polymer in a neutral carrier oil, available from Dai Jika kara corporation (Dai-Ichi karkuaria ltd.), state of ohio, the Lubrizol Corporation, winning oil additive company (Ev) of damshittt, germany, india, mahalanobis, and combinations thereofonik Oil Additives GMBH) (as Viscoplex) ^TM Series 10 polymeric pour point depressants), or Harrison corporation of sydney, australia (a S Harrison Co, pty). In some embodiments, for example, the right-handed limonene as the hydrocarbon solvent may comprise a right-handed limonene available from a known industry provider, which is widely commercially available from, for example, sigma Aldrich, st.louis, USA, bayesian, USA, you Niwei r, USA, raymond, USA, pennsylvania, trefoil, e.g., stroudsburg, vigon International, inc, micro Chemical company, great, new york, peng Da international, new york, new jersey, li, etc., penta International Corporation, bos, USA, parchem Chemicals, new york, USA, new york, and solid Oil products, USA.

Example 4

Exemplary pesticidal compositions comprising neem oil, a suitable surfactant, a polymeric pour point depressant, and a hydrocarbon solvent are prepared according to the following description. 700g of cold-stamped chinaberry oil, 50g of white mineral oil, 150g of ethoxylated castor oil oleate surfactant, 40g of PEG oil-based ether surfactant, 40g of D-limonene and 20g of acrylic polymer pour point depressant are mixed at about 20C (room temperature) using a shear mixer in an open mixing vessel. Thus, the composition of the resulting pesticidal composition is shown in table 4 below:

TABLE 4 pesticidal composition example 4

Component (A)	% by weight
		Cold stamping chinaberry oil	70.0
Ethoxylated castor oil oleate surfactant	15.0
		PEG oil-based ether surfactant	4.0
White mineral oil	5.0
		Dextro limonene	4.0
Acrylic polymeric pour point depressants	2.0

The resulting pesticidal composition example 4 was found to have a minimum pour point temperature of about 0C-1.0C. In one such exemplary embodiment, for example, the white mineral oil may comprise Carnation ^TM Mineral oils or equivalents thereof are widely commercially available, for example, from Sonneborn LLC, paspaly, N.J., U.S. or from U.S. You Niwei R.A. (Univar USA), melrospasm Park, illinois (Kraft Chemical), boKai Chemical (Parchem Chemicals), mitsu, N.Y., canada Petroleum Lubricant (Petro-Canada Lubricants), mitsuga, canada. In some such embodiments, for example, the ethoxylated castor oil oleate surfactant may comprise an ethoxylated castor oil monooleate nonionic surfactant, which is widely commercially available from, for example, the European America company (Oleon Corp.) of Leun, germany, loonena corporation (LUENA-Tenside GmbH or Leuna, DE), the European Etreheld (Ertvelde), the Sigma company of Xiamen, china The company of Canadian Basv (BASF Canada), lede Vichis harbor, germany (BASF GmbH), and Wuhan St. Jones of Wuhan, china (Wuhan Shungamao Corp.). In some such embodiments, for example, the PEG oleyl ether surfactant may comprise a nonionic PEG oleyl ether surfactant, such as is widely commercially available from Sigma Aldrich, st.

In some embodiments, the acrylic polymeric pour point depressant may comprise a Polyalkylmethacrylate (PAMA) polymer in a neutral carrier oil, available from Dai Jika kara corporation (Dai-Ichi karkuaria ltd.), state of ohio, the Lubrizol Corporation, winning oil additive company (Evonik Oil Additives GMBH) of dammstatt, germany, available as Viscoplex, india, in some embodiments, the acrylic polymeric pour point depressant may comprise a Polyalkylmethacrylate (PAMA) polymer in a neutral carrier oil ^TM Series 10 polymeric pour point depressants), or Harrison corporation of sydney, australia (a S Harrison Co, pty). In some embodiments, for example, the right-handed limonene as the hydrocarbon solvent may comprise a right-handed limonene available from a known industry provider, which is widely commercially available from, for example, sigma Aldrich, st.louis, USA, bayesian, USA, you Niwei r, USA, raymond, USA, pennsylvania, trefoil, e.g., stroudsburg, vigon International, inc, micro Chemical company, great, new york, peng Da international, new york, new jersey, li, etc., penta International Corporation, bos, USA, parchem Chemicals, new york, USA, new york, and solid Oil products, USA.

Example 5

Exemplary pesticidal compositions comprising karanja oil, a suitable surfactant, a polymeric pour point depressant, and a hydrocarbon solvent are prepared according to the following description. 700g of cold pressed karanja oil, 70g of white mineral oil, 150g of ethoxylated castor oil oleate surfactant, 20g of PEG oil-based ether surfactant, 40g of d-limonene and 20g of acrylic polymer pour point depressant were mixed using a shear mixer at about 20C (room temperature) in an open mixing vessel. Thus, the composition of the resulting pesticidal composition is shown in table 5 below:

TABLE 5 pesticidal composition example 5

Component (A)	% by weight
		Cold-pressed karanja oil	70.0
Ethoxylated castor oil oleate surfactant	15.0
		PEG oil-based ether surfactant	2.0
White mineral oil	7.0
		Dextro limonene	4.0
Acrylic polymeric pour point depressants	2.0

In one such exemplary embodiment, for example, the white mineral oil may comprise Carnation ^TM Mineral oils or equivalents thereof are widely commercially available, for example, from Sonneborn LLC, paspaly, N.J., U.S. or from U.S. You Niwei R.A. (Univar USA), melrospasm Park, illinois (Kraft Chemical), boKai Chemical (Parchem Chemicals), mitsu, N.Y., canada Petroleum Lubricant (Petro-Canada Lubricants), mitsuga, canada. In some such embodiments, for example, the ethoxylated castor oil oleate surfactant may comprise an ethoxylated castor oil monooleate nonionic surfactant, which is widely commercially available from, for example, loner corporation (LUENA-panside GmbH or Leuna, DE), euler-an corporation (Oleon corp.) of belgium-eiderde (Ertvelde), sigma corporation (sigma chem corp.) of manchurian, china, BASF Canada, BASF corporation of ludwiga, canada, BASF GmbH, and Wuhan-Shengmao corp (Wuhan shaggo corp.) of chinese. In some such embodiments, for example, the PEG oleyl ether surfactant may comprise a nonionic PEG oleyl ether surfactant, such as is widely commercially available from Sigma Aldrich, st.

In some embodiments, the acrylic polymeric pour point depressant may comprise a Polyalkylmethacrylate (PAMA) polymer in a neutral carrier oil, available from Dai Jika kara corporation (Dai-Ichi karkuaria ltd.), state of ohio, the Lubrizol Corporation, winning of dammstatt, germany, india, mahalanobis, tarda, etc.Oil additives Co., ltd (Evonik Oil Additives GMBH) (as Viscoplex) ^TM Series 10 polymeric pour point depressants), or Harrison corporation of sydney, australia (a S Harrison Co, pty). In some embodiments, for example, the right-handed limonene as the hydrocarbon solvent may comprise a right-handed limonene available from a known industry provider, which is widely commercially available from, for example, sigma Aldrich, st.louis, USA, bayesian, USA, you Niwei r, USA, raymond, USA, pennsylvania, trefoil, e.g., stroudsburg, vigon International, inc, micro Chemical company, great, new york, peng Da international, new york, new jersey, li, etc., penta International Corporation, bos, USA, parchem Chemicals, new york, USA, new york, and solid Oil products, USA.

Example 6

Exemplary pesticidal compositions comprising karanja oil, a suitable surfactant, a polymeric pour point depressant, and a hydrocarbon solvent are prepared according to the following description. 750g of cold pressed karanja oil, 40g of white mineral oil, 150g of ethoxylated castor oil oleate surfactant, 40g of d-limonene and 20g of acrylic polymer pour point depressant were mixed using a shear mixer at about 20C (room temperature) in an open mixing vessel. Thus, the composition of the resulting pesticidal composition is shown in table 6 below:

TABLE 6 pesticidal composition example 6

Component (A)	% by weight
		Cold-pressed karanja oil	75.0
White mineral oil	4.0
		Ethoxylated castor oil oleate surfactant	15.0
Dextro limonene	4.0
		Acrylic polymeric pour point depressants	2.0

In one such exemplary embodiment, for example, the white mineral oil may comprise Carnation ^TM Mineral oils or equivalents thereof are widely commercially available, for example, from Sonneborn LLC, paspaly, N.J., U.S. or from U.S. You Niwei R.A. (Univar USA), melrospasm Park, illinois (Kraft Chemical), boKai Chemical (Parchem Chemicals), mitsu, N.Y., canada Petroleum Lubricant (Petro-Canada Lubricants), mitsuga, canada. In some such embodiments, for example, the ethoxylated castor oil oleate surfactant may comprise an ethoxylated castor oil monooleate nonionic surfactant, which is widely commercially available from, for example, loner corporation (LUENA-panside GmbH or Leuna, DE), euler-an corporation (Oleon corp.) of belgium-eiderde (Ertvelde), sigma corporation (sigma chem corp.) of manchurian, china, BASF Canada, BASF corporation of ludwiga, canada, BASF GmbH, and Wuhan-Shengmao corp (Wuhan shaggo corp.) of chinese.

In some casesIn an example, the acrylic polymer pour point depressant may comprise a Polyalkylmethacrylate (PAMA) polymer in a neutral carrier oil, available from Dai Jika kara corporation (Dai-Ichi karkuaria ltd.) of mahalanobis, usa state of the ohio state of the maculo corporation (The Lubrizol Corporation), wining oil additives company (Evonik Oil Additives GMBH) of dammstatt, germany (as Viscoplex ^TM Series 10 polymeric pour point depressants), or Harrison corporation of sydney, australia (a S Harrison Co, pty). In some embodiments, for example, the right-handed limonene as the hydrocarbon solvent may comprise a right-handed limonene available from a known industry provider, which is widely commercially available from, for example, sigma Aldrich, st.louis, USA, bayesian, USA, you Niwei r, USA, raymond, USA, pennsylvania, trefoil, e.g., stroudsburg, vigon International, inc, micro Chemical company, great, new york, peng Da international, new york, new jersey, li, etc., penta International Corporation, bos, USA, parchem Chemicals, new york, USA, new york, and solid Oil products, USA.

While a number of exemplary aspects and embodiments have been discussed above, those of skill in the art will recognize certain modifications, permutations, additions and sub-combinations thereof. It is therefore intended that the following appended claims and claims hereafter introduced are interpreted to include all such modifications, permutations, additions and sub-combinations as are consistent with the broadest interpretation of the specification as a whole.

Claims

1. A pesticidal composition comprising

A pesticide natural oil active ingredient, wherein the pesticide natural oil active ingredient comprises neem oil;

a surfactant operable to disperse the pesticidal natural oil active ingredient in an aqueous emulsion, wherein the surfactant comprises a nonionic surfactant which is at least one selected from the group consisting of: ethoxylated castor oil, oleate, octylphenol ethoxylates, and combinations thereof;

a polymeric pour point depressant operable to lower the pour point of the pesticidal natural oil active ingredient; and

a hydrocarbon solvent, wherein the hydrocarbon solvent is at least one selected from the group consisting of: left-handed limonene, right-handed limonene and dipentene;

Wherein the polymeric pour point depressant is at least one selected from the group consisting of: polymethyl acrylate, polyalkyl methacrylate, polyacrylate and acrylate-styrene copolymers;

the composition comprises a homogeneous pesticidal concentrate, and wherein:

in the pesticidal concentrate, the pesticidal natural oil active ingredient comprises 40% wt% to 90% wt%;

the surfactant comprises 5 wt% to 20 wt%;

the polymeric pour point depressant comprises from 0.1 wt% to 10 wt%; and

the hydrocarbon solvent comprises 5 wt% to 20 wt%.

2. The pesticidal composition of claim 1, wherein the combination of the polymeric pour point depressant and the hydrocarbon solvent is effective to lower the pour point temperature of the pesticidal natural oil active ingredient in the composition.

3. The pesticidal composition of claim 1, wherein the pesticidal composition further comprises a diluent.

4. The pesticidal composition of claim 1, wherein the pour point temperature of the pesticidal natural oil active ingredient is between-5C and 30C.

5. The pesticidal composition of claim 1, wherein the polymeric pour point depressant additionally comprises a neutral oil.

6. The pesticidal composition of claim 1, wherein the polymeric pour point depressant comprises at least one of a crystallization inhibitor and a co-crystallization modifier of at least one wax component of the pesticidal natural oil.

7. The pesticidal composition of claim 1, wherein the polymeric pour point depressant and the hydrocarbon solvent are operable to inhibit or alter crystallization of at least one of the wax and fatty acid components of the pesticidal natural oil, wherein the at least one component has a melting point above 15C.

8. The pesticidal composition of claim 1, further comprising at least one extract of at least one natural pesticidal oil.

9. The pesticidal composition of claim 1, wherein the natural pesticidal oil active ingredient comprises at least one organic natural oil listed as USDA NOP.

10. The pesticidal composition of claim 1, further comprising a diluent comprising 5 wt% to 20 wt%.

11. The pesticidal composition of claim 1, wherein the polymeric pour point depressant comprises an organic polymeric compound listed as USDA NOP.

12. A method of preparing a diluted pesticidal composition comprising at least one pesticidal natural oil active ingredient, the method comprising:

providing a homogeneous concentrate composition comprising:

a polymeric pour point depressant operable to lower the pour point temperature of the pesticidal natural oil active ingredient, wherein the polymeric pour point depressant is at least one selected from the group consisting of: acrylic polymers, alkyl aromatic polymers, polymethyl acrylate, polyalkyl methacrylates, polyacrylates, and acrylate-styrene copolymers; and

A hydrocarbon solvent, wherein the hydrocarbon solvent is at least one selected from the group consisting of: left-handed limonene, right-handed limonene and dipentene; and

diluting the concentrate composition with water to form an oil-in-water emulsion dilution formulation comprising the at least one pesticidal natural oil active ingredient, wherein

In the concentrate composition, the pesticidal natural oil active ingredient comprises 40% wt% to 90% wt%;

the surfactant comprises 5 wt% to 20 wt%;

the polymeric pour point depressant comprises from 0.1 wt% to 10 wt%; and

the hydrocarbon solvent comprises 5 wt% to 20 wt%.

13. The method of claim 12 wherein the pour point temperature of the pesticidal natural oil active ingredient is between-5C and 30C.

14. The method of claim 12 wherein the combination of the polymeric pour point depressant and the hydrocarbon solvent is effective to lower the pour point temperature of the pesticidal natural oil active ingredient in the composition.

15. The method of claim 14 wherein the polymeric pour point depressant additionally comprises a neutral oil.

16. The method of claim 15 wherein the polymeric pour point depressant comprises at least one of a crystallization inhibitor and a co-crystallization modifier of at least one wax component of the pesticidal natural oil.

17. A method of enhancing the physical properties of a pesticidal natural oil active ingredient, said pesticidal natural oil active ingredient comprising neem oil, said method comprising:

preparing a homogeneous pesticidal concentrate composition comprising:

said pesticidal natural oil active ingredient comprising neem oil;

Diluting the pesticidal concentrate composition with water to form an oil-in-water emulsion diluted formulation comprising at least one of the pesticidal natural oil active ingredients suitable for application to plants to control at least one pest, wherein

The pesticidal concentrate composition wherein the pesticidal natural oil active ingredient comprises 40 wt% to 90 wt%;

the surfactant comprises 5 wt% to 20 wt%;

the polymeric pour point depressant comprises from 0.1 wt% to 10 wt%; and

the hydrocarbon solvent comprises 5 wt% to 20 wt%.

18. The method of claim 17 wherein the combination of the polymeric pour point depressant and the hydrocarbon solvent is effective to lower the pour point temperature of the pesticidal natural oil active ingredient in the composition.

19. A method of applying at least one pesticidal composition comprising at least one pesticidal natural oil to control at least one plant pest, the method comprising:

providing a homogeneous pesticidal concentrate comprising the pesticidal composition of claim 1;

Diluting the pesticidal concentrate with water to form an oil-in-water emulsion diluted formulation; and

the oil-in-water emulsion dilution formulation is applied to at least one plant, locus thereof, or propagation material thereof susceptible to or infested by at least one plant pest.