CN112271947A - Segment synchronization SHEPWM switching control method, medium and electronic device - Google Patents
Segment synchronization SHEPWM switching control method, medium and electronic device Download PDFInfo
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- CN112271947A CN112271947A CN202011187475.8A CN202011187475A CN112271947A CN 112271947 A CN112271947 A CN 112271947A CN 202011187475 A CN202011187475 A CN 202011187475A CN 112271947 A CN112271947 A CN 112271947A
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
- H02M7/00—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output; Conversion of dc power input into ac power output
- H02M7/42—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal
- H02M7/44—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal by static converters
- H02M7/48—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode
- H02M7/483—Converters with outputs that each can have more than two voltages levels
- H02M7/487—Neutral point clamped inverters
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
- H02M1/00—Details of apparatus for conversion
- H02M1/12—Arrangements for reducing harmonics from ac input or output
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
- H02M7/00—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output; Conversion of dc power input into ac power output
- H02M7/42—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal
- H02M7/44—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal by static converters
- H02M7/48—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode
- H02M7/53—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal
- H02M7/537—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only, e.g. single switched pulse inverters
- H02M7/539—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only, e.g. single switched pulse inverters with automatic control of output wave form or frequency
- H02M7/5395—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only, e.g. single switched pulse inverters with automatic control of output wave form or frequency by pulse-width modulation
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Power Engineering (AREA)
- Dc-Dc Converters (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to a method, a medium and an electronic device for controlling the switching of a SHEPWM mode with different carrier ratios, wherein the method is used for controlling the realization of the SHEPWM mode switching of different carrier ratios and comprises the following steps: obtaining the proportion n of the minimum pulse width to the PWM period time; when the switching condition is reached, at each PWM period, it is determined whether the following two conditions are satisfied simultaneously: A. all paths of PWM signals of n periods before switching are kept unchanged; B. the output level of the SHEPWM after switching is the same as that of the SHEPWM before switching or each path of PWM signals of n periods after switching is kept unchanged; if yes, SHEPWM switching of different carrier ratios is completed, and if not, the current carrier ratio is kept running. Compared with the prior art, the method can effectively solve the problem of narrow pulse when the SHEPWM switching with different carrier ratios is realized at any moment by the sectional synchronous modulation SHEPWM.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the power electronic application technology, relates to the field of converters, and particularly relates to a segmented synchronous SHEPWM switching control method, a medium and electronic equipment.
Background
The diode Clamped (NPC) three-level converter has the characteristics of high withstand voltage, small output voltage dv/dt, simple structure, capacity of bidirectional flow and the like, and is widely applied to the fields of railway locomotive traction and high-speed magnetic suspension traffic. However, in the field of locomotive traction, the NPC three-level converter is generally required to have a large output voltage amplitude range, a wide frequency range and a low harmonic content, for example, the output frequency range of the existing high-speed maglev train traction converter is 0 to 300 hz, and the switching frequency of a high-power electronic device is relatively low, for example, IGCT is several hundred hz, so that a multi-mode segmented pulse width modulation strategy is generally adopted, that is, asynchronous modulation (such as SVPWM) is adopted at low frequency to obtain a higher direct-current voltage utilization rate and reduce current pulsation, and optimized PWM modulation (such as segmented synchronous SHEPWM) is adopted at medium and high frequency to effectively reduce low-order harmonics at high frequency and improve waveform quality.
Specific Harmonic cancellation Pulse Width Modulation (SHEPWM) is a Modulation strategy that aims at optimizing output harmonics. SHEPWM realizes the switching of a specific switch by Fourier decomposition and predetermining the conversion moment, thereby eliminating selected low-frequency harmonics. Compared with other PWM control technologies, SHEPWM has the characteristics of low switching frequency, no specific low-order harmonic, high output waveform quality, low switching loss and the like. To increase the output frequency, SHEPWM, segmented modulation, with different carrier ratios depending on the range of output frequencies, can be used.
The time required for the on-process and the off-process of a high-power switching device such as an IGCT is long, for example, the requirement of the minimum pulse width of the IGCT after considering the dead time can reach 150 us. In order to enable the device to be successfully turned on and off, the switching device must be supplied with an on pulse and an off pulse for a sufficiently long time, otherwise an on/off failure may occur to distort the actual voltage, and the device may be damaged by performing the off action when the device is not fully turned on. Therefore, in order to ensure reliable operation of the high-voltage high-power inverter, it is necessary to ensure that the output pulse width meets the minimum pulse width requirement.
The prior art documents propose many solutions to the narrow pulse problem in SVPWM and SHEPWM. For SHEPWM, for example, the usual approach is to drop or extend the excessively narrow pulse to a minimum pulse width; or shifting the angle track in the local modulation ratio range on the basis of the ideal solution track to increase the angle interval; or different groups of solutions are used in different modulation ratio sections by utilizing the multi-solution of the SHEPWM switch angle locus to meet the requirement of the minimum pulse width. It is also possible that there are narrow pulses when the segment sync modulation SHEPWM switches between different carrier ratios, which can be eliminated by the above method if switching at a fixed angle is employed, but not completely if switching at an arbitrary angle is employed.
Disclosure of Invention
The present invention is directed to overcome the above-mentioned drawbacks of the prior art, and provides a method, medium, and electronic device for synchronous SHEPWM switching in segments, which implement minimum pulse width control and effectively eliminate narrow pulses, so as to meet the requirement of switching at any angle when switching at any angle.
The purpose of the invention can be realized by the following technical scheme:
a method for controlling the switching of SHEPWM mode with different carrier ratios includes the following steps:
obtaining the proportion n of the minimum pulse width to the PWM period time;
when the switching condition is reached, at each PWM period, it is determined whether the following two conditions are satisfied simultaneously:
A. all paths of PWM signals of n periods before switching are kept unchanged;
B. the output level of the SHEPWM after switching is the same as that of the SHEPWM before switching or each path of PWM signals of n periods after switching is kept unchanged;
if yes, SHEPWM switching of different carrier ratios is completed, and if not, the current carrier ratio is kept running.
Further, the obtaining formula of the ratio n is as follows:
wherein, TminAt minimum pulse width, TsIs the converter PWM cycle time.
Further, the minimum pulse width is determined according to a minimum on-time, an off-time, and a dead time of the switching device.
Further, the ratio n is 2 or more.
Further, the switching condition is determined based on a converter voltage frequency.
Further, the switching is performed at an arbitrary angle.
The invention also provides a converter modulation method, wherein the method adopts the segmented synchronous SHEPWM switching control method to switch SHEPWM modes with different carrier ratios.
The invention also provides a diode-clamped three-level converter which realizes the switching of SHEPWM modes with different carrier ratios based on the segmented synchronous SHEPWM switching control method.
The present invention also provides a computer readable storage medium comprising one or more programs for execution by one or more processors of an electronic device, the one or more programs including instructions for performing a segment sync SHEPWM handover control method as described.
The present invention also provides an electronic device comprising:
one or more processors;
a memory; and
one or more programs stored in memory, the one or more programs including instructions for performing the segment sync SHEPWM handover control method as described.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
when the switching conditions are met, the output signals in each PWM period are comprehensively judged, the SHEPWM switching with different carrier ratios is carried out only when the conditions are proper, the minimum pulse width control is effectively realized, the narrow pulse problem existing when the SHEPWM switching with different carrier ratios is realized by the sectional synchronous modulation SHEPWM at any moment is solved in real time, the requirement on the minimum pulse width can be met, the specified frequency of harmonic waves can be thoroughly eliminated before and after the switching, and the switching precision is high.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the generation of SHEPWM pre-handoff narrow pulses at different carrier ratios;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the post-SHOPWM switching narrow pulse generation for different carrier ratios;
fig. 3 is a flow chart of the SHEPWM switching control method of the present invention with different carrier ratios.
Detailed Description
The invention is described in detail below with reference to the figures and specific embodiments. The present embodiment is implemented on the premise of the technical solution of the present invention, and a detailed implementation manner and a specific operation process are given, but the scope of the present invention is not limited to the following embodiments.
FIG. 1 shows a mechanism for generating narrow pre-switching pulses of SHEPWM with different carrier ratios, due to the voltage angle θ during switching and the switching angle α of SHEPWM before switching1Very closely, the output level after switching does not coincide with the output level before switching, thus leading to the occurrence of narrow pulses. FIG. 2 shows a mechanism for generating narrow pulses after SHEPWM switching with different carrier ratios, due to the voltage angle theta during switching and the switching angle alpha of the SHEPWM after switching2Very close, switched output levelNot the output level before switching, thus resulting in the occurrence of narrow pulses. The invention is provided for effectively eliminating the narrow pulse.
The invention provides a method for controlling the switching of a SHEPWM mode with sectional synchronization, which is used for controlling the realization of the SHEPWM mode switching with different carrier ratios and comprises the following steps:
obtaining the proportion n of the minimum pulse width to the PWM period time;
when the switching condition is reached, at each PWM period, it is determined whether the following two conditions are satisfied simultaneously:
A. all paths of PWM signals of n periods before switching are kept unchanged;
B. the output level of the SHEPWM after switching is the same as that of the SHEPWM before switching or each path of PWM signals of n periods after switching is kept unchanged;
if yes, SHEPWM switching of different carrier ratios is completed, and if not, the current carrier ratio is kept running.
By the control process, the problem of narrow pulse existing when the SHEPWM switching of different carrier ratios is realized at any moment by the sectional synchronous modulation SHEPWM can be solved in real time, the requirement on the minimum pulse width can be met, and the specified number of harmonic waves can be thoroughly eliminated before and after the switching.
Example 1
As shown in fig. 3, the segment synchronization SHEPWM handover control method provided in this embodiment includes the following steps:
Minimum pulse width TminAnd determining the minimum turn-on and turn-off time and dead time of the high-power switching device. The minimum on-off time and the corresponding dead time of the high-power switch device are different along with different manufacturers, high-power switch devices of different models, actual working switching frequency and other factors, and the minimum pulse width is determined according to the actual working condition of the high-power switch device. The time required for the on-process and the off-process of a high-power switching device such as an IGCT is long, for example, the requirement of the minimum pulse width of the IGCT after considering the dead time can reach 150 microseconds.
PWM cycle time of NPC converter is TsThen, the proportional relationship between the minimum pulse width and the PWM period time is:
where ceil is an ceiling function that returns an integer greater than or equal to the function parameter and closest thereto. The minimum pulse width must be greater than the PWM cycle time, so the minimum value of n is 2. For this purpose, Ts is 75 μ s, and n is 2. The minimum pulse width time is now exactly two PWM periods.
And step 2, judging whether a switching principle is met, and carrying out SHEPWM switching judgment of different carrier ratios according to the switching principle.
In order to increase the range of the output frequency, SHEPWM adopts a segmented modulation method, and different carrier ratios are adopted according to the range of the output frequency. Carrier ratios in synchronous PWM phases are selected to be 11, 9, 7, 5, 3 and 1 in sequence, the switching frequency is not more than 400Hz as an example, and frequency sections corresponding to the carrier ratios of all times are shown in Table 1.
TABLE 1
| Name (R) | Carrier ratio | Output frequency (Hz) |
| SHE11 | 11 | 30～34 |
| SHE9 | 9 | 34～44 |
| SHE7 | 7 | 44～57 |
| SHE5 | 5 | 57～80 |
| SHE3 | 3 | 80～130 |
| |
1 | 130～300 |
According to the principle that the voltage is continuous before and after switching, SHEPWM mode switching with different carrier ratios can be carried out at any angle, the switching is flexible, the switching processing is simple and reliable, and the switching current impact can be ensured to be small. Therefore, a proper carrier ratio and a SHEPWM corresponding to the carrier ratio can be selected according to the voltage frequency of the converter. When SHEPWM with different carrier ratios is switched at any angle, if the switching states of the high-power switching devices before and after switching are inconsistent and the voltage angle is very close to the switching angle of SHEPWM, narrow pulses occur.
And 3, judging the minimum pulse width before switching.
For example, when the voltage frequency exceeds 34Hz once, the modulation strategy needs to be switched from SHE11 to SHE9 according to the requirements of the segment modulation. In order to avoid the occurrence of the narrow pulse, it is first determined whether the 12-way PWM signal output by the SHE11 changes 2 cycles before switching, that is, whether the 12 switching devices have changed states, for example, from an on state to an off state or from an off state to an on state. When the 12 PWM signals of 2 cycles before switching are all kept unchanged, i.e. no state change occurs in any of the 12 switching devices, step 4 is performed. Otherwise, if the output of the current SHE11 does not meet the minimum pulse width condition, SHE11 is continuously adopted, no switching is performed, and step 3 is repeated after waiting for the next period.
And 4, judging the minimum pulse width after switching.
When SHE11 meets the minimum pulse width requirement, a minimum pulse width determination of SHE9 is also needed. Firstly, comparing whether the 12 paths of PWM signals of SHE11 before and after switching are the same as the 12 paths of PWM signals of SHE9, and if so, performing step 5; if the two switching signals are different, whether 12 paths of PWM signals output by the SHE9 change or not is judged after 2 periods of switching, namely whether 12 switching devices change states or not is judged, and when the 12 paths of PWM signals in 2 periods of switching remain unchanged, namely 12 switching devices do not change states, the step 5 is carried out; otherwise, if the output of the current SHE9 does not meet the minimum pulse width condition, continuing to adopt SHE11, not switching, and waiting for the next period to repeat steps 3 and 4.
And 5, completing SHEPWM switching of different carrier ratios.
And when the voltage frequency reaches the switching condition, judging in the step 3 and the step 4 in each PWM period, and finishing SHEPWM switching with different carrier ratios until the conditions in the step 3 and the step 4 are all met. Taking the example of the shift from SHE11 to SHE9, SHE11 can only switch to SHE9 when the voltage frequency reaches 34Hz, and SHE11 satisfies the minimum pulse width before switching while SHE9 satisfies the minimum pulse width after switching.
The above functions, if implemented in the form of software functional units and sold or used as a separate product, may be stored in a computer-readable storage medium. Based on such understanding, the technical solution of the present invention may be embodied in the form of a software product, which is stored in a storage medium and includes instructions for causing a computer device (which may be a personal computer, a server, or a network device) to execute all or part of the steps of the method according to the embodiments of the present invention. And the aforementioned storage medium includes: a U-disk, a removable hard disk, a Read-Only Memory (ROM), a Random Access Memory (RAM), a magnetic disk or an optical disk, and other various media capable of storing program codes.
Example 2
The present embodiment provides a modulation method for an inverter, in which the method of the piecewise synchronous SHEPWM switching control method described in embodiment 1 is used to perform the switching of SHEPWM modes with different carrier ratios.
Example 3
The present embodiment provides a diode-clamped three-level converter, which implements the switch of the SHEPWM modes with different carrier ratios based on the segmented synchronous SHEPWM switch control method according to the embodiment.
The foregoing detailed description of the preferred embodiments of the invention has been presented. It should be understood that numerous modifications and variations could be devised by those skilled in the art in light of the present teachings without departing from the inventive concepts. Therefore, the technical solutions available to those skilled in the art through logic analysis, reasoning and limited experiments based on the prior art according to the concept of the present invention should be within the scope of protection defined by the claims.
Claims (10)
1. A method for controlling SHEPWM switching in segment synchronization is used for controlling the realization of SHEPWM mode switching of different carrier ratios, and comprises the following steps:
obtaining the proportion n of the minimum pulse width to the PWM period time;
when the switching condition is reached, at each PWM period, it is determined whether the following two conditions are satisfied simultaneously:
A. all paths of PWM signals of n periods before switching are kept unchanged;
B. the output level of the SHEPWM after switching is the same as that of the SHEPWM before switching or each path of PWM signals of n periods after switching is kept unchanged;
if yes, SHEPWM switching of different carrier ratios is completed, and if not, the current carrier ratio is kept running.
2. The segment-synchronous SHEPWM handover control method according to claim 1, wherein the obtaining formula of the ratio n is:
wherein, TminAt minimum pulse width, TsIs the converter PWM cycle time.
3. The segment-synchronous SHEPWM switching control method of claim 1, wherein said minimum pulse width is determined based on minimum on, off time and dead time of the switching device.
4. The segment-synchronous SHEPWM handover control method of claim 1, wherein the ratio n is greater than or equal to 2.
5. The segment-synchronous SHEPWM switching control method of claim 1, wherein said switching condition is determined based on converter voltage frequency.
6. The segment-synchronous SHEPWM switching control method of claim 1, wherein said switching is performed at an arbitrary angle.
7. A converter modulation method characterized in that the method uses the segment synchronous SHEPWM switching control method according to claim 1 for the switching of SHEPWM modes with different carrier ratios.
8. A diode-clamped three-level converter characterized in that it implements the switch-over of SHEPWM modes of different carrier ratios based on the segmented synchronous SHEPWM switch-over control method as claimed in claim 1.
9. A computer readable storage medium comprising one or more programs for execution by one or more processors of an electronic device, the one or more programs including instructions for performing the segment sync SHEPWM handover control method according to any one of claims 1-6.
10. An electronic device, comprising:
one or more processors;
a memory; and
one or more programs stored in memory, the one or more programs including instructions for performing the segment sync SHEPWM handover control method of any of claims 1-6.
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