CN112268723A - Boiling heat exchange experimental device for promoting uniform heating of low-temperature mixed working medium - Google Patents
Boiling heat exchange experimental device for promoting uniform heating of low-temperature mixed working medium Download PDFInfo
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- CN112268723A CN112268723A CN202011137188.6A CN202011137188A CN112268723A CN 112268723 A CN112268723 A CN 112268723A CN 202011137188 A CN202011137188 A CN 202011137188A CN 112268723 A CN112268723 A CN 112268723A
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01M—TESTING STATIC OR DYNAMIC BALANCE OF MACHINES OR STRUCTURES; TESTING OF STRUCTURES OR APPARATUS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G01M99/00—Subject matter not provided for in other groups of this subclass
- G01M99/002—Thermal testing
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N25/00—Investigating or analyzing materials by the use of thermal means
- G01N25/18—Investigating or analyzing materials by the use of thermal means by investigating thermal conductivity
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N25/00—Investigating or analyzing materials by the use of thermal means
- G01N25/20—Investigating or analyzing materials by the use of thermal means by investigating the development of heat, i.e. calorimetry, e.g. by measuring specific heat, by measuring thermal conductivity
Abstract
The invention discloses a boiling heat exchange experimental device for promoting uniform heating of a low-temperature mixed working medium. The device comprises a liquid storage tank, a working medium mixing tank, a gear pump, a filter, a mass flow meter, a temperature sensor, a pressure sensor, a direct current stabilized voltage power supply, a vacuum cover, a vacuum pump, an experiment section, a data acquisition system, a computer, an ultrasonic particle detection device, a gasifier and the like. The experimental section is a coated steel pipe, and a Carbon Nano Tube Film (CNTF) with low cost, simple preparation process, strong toughness, light dead weight and stable electric heating performance is adopted as a heating device in the invention, so that the carbon nano tube film is attached to the inner wall of the steel pipe, compared with the common method of winding an electric heating wire on the outer wall of the pipe, the mixed working medium can be heated more uniformly, errors generated by calculation of the heat flow density and the outer wall temperature when the temperature of the inner wall of the circular pipe is calculated can be effectively avoided, and the accuracy of boiling heat exchange experimental data is improved by combining the heat conductivity coefficient of the material used for the circular pipe. The invention is suitable for experimental research on heat exchange coefficient and pressure drop of the mixed working medium, and obtains the quantitative influence rule and mechanism of the heat exchange coefficient and the pressure drop of the mixed working medium along with the factors such as inlet temperature, heat flow density, mass flow and the like through the measured experimental data.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a boiling heat exchange experimental device for promoting uniform heating of a low-temperature mixed working medium, and the boiling heat exchange characteristic of flow in a pipe can be more accurately measured compared with the prior experimental research.
Background
Since the LNG receiving station needs to be gasified by heating before being delivered and a large amount of cold energy is generated during the gasification, the cold energy utilization rate of the LNG receiving station can be improved by a specific process and technology. The LNG cold energy power generation technology is characterized in that cold energy is converted into mechanical energy through thermodynamic cycle, and then the mechanical energy is converted into electric energy to be transmitted and used. By combining the current research situation at home and abroad, the organic Rankine cycle and Brayton cycle mostly adopt a single working medium as a fluid of a thermodynamic cycle in a common low-temperature power generation technology. However, in the organic rankine cycle with a single working medium, the heat release process of the organic rankine cycle cannot be well adapted to the characteristic of an LNG cold energy limited-capacity cold source, a continuous and smooth heat absorption process temperature curve exists in the process that LNG absorbs heat and then changes from a liquid state to a gaseous state, and the heat release process of the organic rankine cycle with the single working medium has a constant-temperature condensation section of the working medium, so that the heat transfer between the LNG and the working medium has a prominent narrow-point problem, and therefore, a large heat transfer temperature difference exists at a bubble point of the working medium, which means that the process has a large exergy loss. And at present, corresponding experimental research is lacked for the heat exchange characteristic of the multi-element mixed working medium in a low-temperature state. Therefore, the research on the boiling heat transfer characteristics of the multi-element mixed working medium in the low-temperature state is developed in the project, and the influence of the inlet temperature, the heat flow density and the mass flow of the mixed working medium in the low-temperature state on the boiling heat transfer characteristics of the mixed working medium is obtained.
In earlier research, the method of winding heating wire outside the pipe can be selected for heating of most experimental systems to the experimental section, but the drawback of this kind of method as the heating source is that the heating source does not directly contact with heating working medium, and because temperature sensor arranges in the pipe outer wall when calculating, and the required inner wall temperature of experiment needs to be calculated by heat flux density, the measuring result of outer wall temperature, and the coefficient of heat conductivity who combines the used material of pipe again obtains, easily produce calculation error when calculating, and the winding electric heating wire outside the pipe easily causes mixing working medium to be heated inhomogeneous, cause the experimental result inaccurate. Therefore, the invention introduces the Carbon Nano Tube Film (CNTF) which can be attached in the tube as a heating source and is directly heated by the direct current stabilized voltage power supply, and can solve the problem that the mixed working medium is not uniformly heated in the previous experiment.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a boiling heat exchange experimental device for promoting uniform heating of a low-temperature mixed working medium, and solves the problem that corresponding experimental research is lacked for the heat exchange characteristic of a multi-element mixed working medium in a low-temperature state in an LNG cold energy power generation technology.
In order to realize the purpose of the invention, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
the technical scheme of the invention comprises a liquid storage tank, a working medium mixing tank, a gear pump, a filter, a mass flowmeter, a temperature sensor, a pressure sensor, a direct current stabilized power supply, a vacuum cover, a vacuum pump, an experimental section, a data acquisition system, a computer, an ultrasonic particle detection device and a gasifier. The method is characterized in that according to the components of the mixed working medium required by an experiment, a single working medium in a required liquid storage tank is introduced into a working medium mixing tank by adjusting a flow meter, and the multi-element working medium after being uniformly mixed sequentially passes through a gear pump, a filter and a mass flow meter to enter an experiment section. Thermocouples are arranged at equal intervals on the experimental section, the whole experimental section is wrapped by a heat insulating material and then placed in a vacuum hood to reduce heat dissipation loss. And the outlet experiment section is connected with an ultrasonic particle detection device for detecting the gas content of the experiment section, and the mixed working medium is completely gasified by the gasifier and then is finally discharged into the post-treatment equipment.
The experimental section consists of a stainless steel pipe, a Carbon Nano Tube Film (CNTF), a thermocouple and heat-insulating material expanded perlite wrapped outside the stainless steel pipe. If the behavior of bubbles is observed by performing visual treatment on the experimental section, a quartz glass window and a high-speed camera for shooting the experimental section can be arranged on the experimental section.
The reason for selecting the carbon nano film is as follows: the film has the advantages of low cost, simple preparation process, good electro-optical property, high toughness, light dead weight, stable electric heating performance, high electric conductivity, obviously increased temperature raising capability along with the rise of voltage, and high heating efficiency, and the light transmittance and the resistance value can respectively reach 83 percent and 800 omega.
The method comprises the following specific experimental steps:
1) before the experiment begins, the system is cleaned by deionized water and dried to remove all unnecessary dirt in the system, then nitrogen is filled into the experiment system to ensure that the air in the experiment system is exhausted completely, the vacuum condition of a vacuum cover is checked, and a data acquisition system and a computer are checked;
2) according to the optimal components and proportion of the multi-element mixed working medium, the working medium in the liquid storage tank is introduced into the working medium mixing tank to be uniformly mixed;
3) firstly, adjusting a gear pump to a fixed rotating speed, observing the numerical value displayed by the Coriolis mass flowmeter, simultaneously observing whether the numerical values of a temperature sensor and a pressure sensor at an inlet of an experimental section are certain values, and switching on a direct-current stabilized power supply to convert different electric heating powers to heat a carbon nano tube film after the numerical values of the instrument and the experimental device are stabilized for 10 minutes;
4) after the step 3) is stable, recording data under different electric heating powers, and simultaneously starting an ultrasonic particle detection device to record the data;
5) after the data of the mixed working medium under different electric heating powers are recorded in the step 4), the electric heating power is kept unchanged, and the rotating speed of the gear pump is changed to record the data of the multivariate mixed working medium changing along with the mass flow.
Preferably, in the experimental system, the carbon nanotube film attached to the inside of the tube is used as the heating source of the experimental section to replace an electric heating wire wound outside the tube, and this method can effectively avoid errors caused by calculation of the heat flux density and the outer wall temperature in calculation of the inner wall temperature of the circular tube by combining the heat conductivity coefficient of the material used for the circular tube, and also avoid errors caused by uneven heating of the working medium due to winding of the electric heating wire.
The device can simulate the boiling heat exchange characteristic of the multi-element mixed working medium at low temperature, and provides a simple and convenient experimental means for researching thermodynamic cycle completion by means of the multi-element mixed working medium in LNG cold energy power generation.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a boiling heat exchange experimental device for promoting uniform heating of a low-temperature mixed working medium.
FIG. 2 shows a coated steel pipe used in the experimental section of the present invention.
Detailed Description
Specific implementations of the present invention will be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings.
With reference to the attached drawing 1, the experimental system comprises a liquid storage tank 1, and mixed working media are introduced into a working medium mixing tank 4 to be uniformly mixed by means of a gate valve 2 and a flow meter 3 according to required components and proportions of the mixed working media. Install gear pump 6 behind the working medium blending tank for the fluid in the drive experiment pipeline, filter 7 installs in the experiment pipeline for impurity that probably exists in the filtration pipeline, the mass flow of mixed working medium in the test tube way with the help of scientific mass flowmeter 8 simultaneously. A temperature sensor 10 is respectively arranged in front of the experimental section to measure the inlet fluid temperature in front of the experimental section and a pressure sensor 11 is arranged to measure the inlet pressure of the experimental section, and the experimental section 14 is heated by a direct current stabilized power supply 12. Meanwhile, in order to ensure the accuracy of the experiment, the experimental section is placed in the vacuum cover 13, and the vacuum pump 16 is used for vacuumizing to realize the heat insulation of the experimental section. The computer 18 serves the data acquisition system 17 by means of several sets of hardware and software, connects the computer to the data acquisition system, acquires the current and voltage signals of the measuring devices by means of various modules and converts the signals into thermal parameter data by means of sensors. And an outlet of the experimental section is connected with an ultrasonic particle detection device 19 for detecting the gas content of the experimental section under different working conditions. The outlet is provided with a pressure sensor 20 which is connected with a pressure guiding pipe at the outlet of the experimental section, the pressure sensor is combined with the value of the inlet pressure sensor to measure the pressure difference at the inlet and the outlet of the experimental section, the outlet temperature sensor 21 is used for measuring the temperature of the fluid at the outlet of the experimental section, and the working medium flowing out of the experimental section is completely gasified by a gasifier 23 and then is discharged into post-treatment equipment.
With reference to fig. 2, the experimental section is a section of coated stainless steel tube with an inner diameter of 5mm and a length of 500mm, wherein the inner wall film material is a carbon nanotube film with stable electric heating performance and relatively stable electric heating performance, and the whole experimental section is wrapped by heat-insulating material expanded perlite and then placed in a vacuum cover to reduce heat dissipation loss.
T-shaped thermocouples are required to be arranged in the experiment section at equal intervals, and high-heat-conductivity silicone grease is applied to the joint, so that the contact resistance between the test piece and the experiment section is reduced to the maximum extent, the heating uniformity is improved, and the accuracy of experiment data is ensured.
The method comprises the following specific experimental steps:
1) before the experiment, deionized water is firstly used for cleaning the interior of the pipeline to remove impurities, and then nitrogen is filled into the experiment system to ensure that air in the experiment system is completely discharged. And checking the vacuum condition of the vacuum cover, and checking the data acquisition system and the computer;
2) according to the optimal components and proportion of the multi-element mixed working medium, the working medium in the liquid storage tank is introduced into the working medium mixing tank to be uniformly mixed;
3) firstly, adjusting a gear pump to a fixed rotating speed, observing the numerical value displayed by the Coriolis mass flowmeter, simultaneously observing whether the numerical values of a temperature sensor and a pressure sensor at an inlet of an experimental section are a certain fixed value, and switching on a direct-current stabilized power supply to convert different electric heating powers to heat a carbon nano tube film after the numerical value of the instrument and the experimental device are stabilized for 10 minutes;
4) after the step 3) is stable, recording data under different electric heating powers, and simultaneously starting an ultrasonic particle detection device to record the data;
5) after the data of the mixed working medium under different electric heating powers are recorded in the step 4), the electric heating power is kept unchanged, and the rotating speed of the gear pump is changed to record the data of the multivariate mixed working medium changing along with the mass flow.
In summary, according to the present embodiment, the invention provides a boiling heat exchange experimental apparatus for promoting uniform heating of a low-temperature mixed working medium. The carbon nanotube film that the experiment section adopted compares in the winding heating wire of common outside of tubes as the heating source and both can make the being heated of mixing medium more even, also can effectively avoid when calculating the pipe inner wall temperature need by the measuring result of heat flux density, outer wall temperature, and the coefficient of heat conductivity who combines the used material of pipe calculates produced error for the heat transfer characteristic experimental data that finally record is more accurate.
Claims (6)
1. A boiling heat exchange experimental device for promoting uniform heating of a low-temperature mixed working medium. The device comprises a liquid storage tank (1), a flowmeter (3), a working medium mixing tank (4), a gear pump (6), a filter (7), a scientific type mass flowmeter (8), temperature sensors (10) and (21), pressure sensors (11) and (20), a direct-current stabilized voltage power supply (12), a vacuum cover (13), a vacuum pump (16), an experiment section (14), a data acquisition system (17), a computer (18), an ultrasonic particle detection device (19) and a gasifier (23). The device is characterized in that according to the component ratio of mixed working media required by an experiment, a single working medium in a required liquid storage tank is introduced into a working medium mixing tank by adjusting a flowmeter, a gear pump is used for providing driving force for the uniformly mixed experimental working media, and the driving force sequentially passes through a filter and a scientific mass flowmeter and enters an experiment section. Thermocouples are arranged at equal intervals on the experimental section, the whole experimental section is wrapped by a heat insulating material and then placed in a vacuum hood to reduce heat dissipation loss. The outlet experiment section is connected with an ultrasonic particle detection device and used for detecting the gas content of the outlet end of the experiment section, and the mixed working medium is completely gasified through the gasifier and finally discharged into the post-treatment equipment.
2. The boiling heat exchange experimental device for promoting uniform heating of the low-temperature mixed working medium according to claim 1, is characterized in that: the carbon nanotube film (CNTF) with low cost, simple preparation process, strong toughness, light dead weight, stable electric heating performance and light transmittance and resistance reaching 83% and 800 omega respectively is adopted as a heating device, and the electric conductivity of the carbon nanotube film (CNTF) is 2.56 multiplied by 104S/m, and the temperature rising capability of the film is obviously increased along with the increase of the voltage, so that the heating efficiency is higher.
3. The boiling heat exchange experimental device for promoting uniform heating of the low-temperature mixed working medium according to claim 1, is characterized in that: the carbon nanotube film is extremely durable, and even if a large number of electric heating experiments are carried out, the surface of the CNTF is affected by electric heating load to generate oxidation phenomenon, or current has a certain breakdown effect on a crystal structure in the film, the electric conductivity of the CNTF is slightly reduced, and the electric conductivity of the CNTF cannot be fundamentally affected.
4. The boiling heat exchange experimental device for promoting uniform heating of the low-temperature mixed working medium according to claim 1, is characterized in that: the heat-insulating material expanded perlite is wrapped on the outer wall of the circular tube for heat insulation and preservation, and then the circular tube is placed in a vacuum cover to isolate external heat leakage as far as possible. And in order to reduce the contact thermal resistance and improve the heating uniformity and the accuracy of temperature measurement, the high-thermal-conductivity silicone grease is used for filling the electric coupling control gap.
5. The boiling heat exchange experimental device for promoting uniform heating of the low-temperature mixed working medium according to claim 1, is characterized in that: because the working medium dosage in the experiment is not much, and the price is low, nontoxic and harmless, the experiment system is not provided with a condenser to recycle the experimental working medium, but directly discharges the working medium into post-treatment equipment such as a recovery tank after full gasification.
6. The boiling heat exchange experimental device for promoting the uniform heating of the low-temperature mixed working medium, which is disclosed by claim 1, is characterized by comprising the following specific steps of:
1) before the experiment is started, the system is cleaned by deionized water and dried to remove all unwanted dirt in the system, then nitrogen is filled into the experimental system to ensure that the air in the experimental system is exhausted, the vacuum condition of a vacuum cover (13) is checked, and a data acquisition system (17) and a computer (18) are checked;
2) according to the optimal mixed components and proportion of the multi-element mixed working medium, the working medium in the liquid storage tank (1) is introduced into the working medium mixing tank (4) to be uniformly mixed;
3) firstly, adjusting a gear pump (6) to a fixed rotating speed, observing the numerical value displayed by a Coriolis mass flowmeter (8) at the moment, simultaneously observing whether the numerical values of a temperature sensor (10) and a pressure sensor (11) at an inlet of an experimental section are certain values, and after the numerical values of the instrument and the experimental device are stable for 10 minutes, switching on a direct current stabilized power supply (12) to convert different electric heating powers to heat a carbon nano tube film;
4) after the step 3) is stabilized, recording data under different electric heating powers, and simultaneously starting an ultrasonic particle detection device (19) to record the data;
5) after the data of the mixed working medium under different electric heating powers are recorded in the step 4), the electric heating power is kept unchanged, and the data of the multivariate mixed working medium changing along with the mass flow is recorded by changing the rotating speed of the gear pump (6).
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Citations (7)
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101636001A (en) * | 2008-07-25 | 2010-01-27 | 清华大学 | Cubic heat source |
| CN102147147A (en) * | 2010-02-08 | 2011-08-10 | 清华大学 | Heating guide pipe |
| CN102435632A (en) * | 2011-09-14 | 2012-05-02 | 上海交通大学 | Testing system for researching flow boiling heat transfer character and pressure drop character of cryogenic fluid |
| CN102680206A (en) * | 2012-06-18 | 2012-09-19 | 上海理工大学 | Flow boiling heat transfer mechanism experimental facility and method |
| CN105303936A (en) * | 2014-06-25 | 2016-02-03 | 华北电力大学（保定） | Portable multifunctional heat transfer experiment table |
| CN111289518A (en) * | 2020-03-26 | 2020-06-16 | 青岛理工大学 | Test device and method for observing behavior of flowing boiling bubbles in micro-channel |
| CN211657889U (en) * | 2019-12-30 | 2020-10-13 | 深圳烯湾科技有限公司 | Rapid heating cup |
-
2020
- 2020-10-22 CN CN202011137188.6A patent/CN112268723A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101636001A (en) * | 2008-07-25 | 2010-01-27 | 清华大学 | Cubic heat source |
| CN102147147A (en) * | 2010-02-08 | 2011-08-10 | 清华大学 | Heating guide pipe |
| CN102435632A (en) * | 2011-09-14 | 2012-05-02 | 上海交通大学 | Testing system for researching flow boiling heat transfer character and pressure drop character of cryogenic fluid |
| CN102680206A (en) * | 2012-06-18 | 2012-09-19 | 上海理工大学 | Flow boiling heat transfer mechanism experimental facility and method |
| CN105303936A (en) * | 2014-06-25 | 2016-02-03 | 华北电力大学（保定） | Portable multifunctional heat transfer experiment table |
| CN211657889U (en) * | 2019-12-30 | 2020-10-13 | 深圳烯湾科技有限公司 | Rapid heating cup |
| CN111289518A (en) * | 2020-03-26 | 2020-06-16 | 青岛理工大学 | Test device and method for observing behavior of flowing boiling bubbles in micro-channel |
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Application publication date: 20210126 |