CN112264840A - Method for removing oxide skin on steel surface and application - Google Patents
Method for removing oxide skin on steel surface and application Download PDFInfo
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- CN112264840A CN112264840A CN202010983589.7A CN202010983589A CN112264840A CN 112264840 A CN112264840 A CN 112264840A CN 202010983589 A CN202010983589 A CN 202010983589A CN 112264840 A CN112264840 A CN 112264840A
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
- B24B—MACHINES, DEVICES, OR PROCESSES FOR GRINDING OR POLISHING; DRESSING OR CONDITIONING OF ABRADING SURFACES; FEEDING OF GRINDING, POLISHING, OR LAPPING AGENTS
- B24B1/00—Processes of grinding or polishing; Use of auxiliary equipment in connection with such processes
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
- B24B—MACHINES, DEVICES, OR PROCESSES FOR GRINDING OR POLISHING; DRESSING OR CONDITIONING OF ABRADING SURFACES; FEEDING OF GRINDING, POLISHING, OR LAPPING AGENTS
- B24B27/00—Other grinding machines or devices
- B24B27/033—Other grinding machines or devices for grinding a surface for cleaning purposes, e.g. for descaling or for grinding off flaws in the surface
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- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Finish Polishing, Edge Sharpening, And Grinding By Specific Grinding Devices (AREA)
Abstract
The invention provides a method for removing oxide skin on the surface of steel and an application thereof, and relates to the technical field of steel processing, wherein the method for removing the oxide skin on the surface of the steel comprises the following steps: the method for removing the oxide skin on the surface of the steel material has the advantages that the oxide skin removal rate is up to more than 99.8%, an acid pickling process is not needed, no danger is caused, no environmental pollution is caused, the production rate is improved by 2-4 times compared with the acid pickling process, the loss rate of the steel material can be controlled to be 0.2-0.6%, the method is remarkably reduced relative to the acid pickling process, and meanwhile, the method for removing the oxide skin on the surface of the steel material is simple to operate and can be suitable for industrial large-scale production.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of steel processing, in particular to a method for removing oxide skin on the surface of steel and application thereof.
Background
The strip steel is cooled by water in the hot rolling process, the strip steel and oxygen molecules in water and air undergo chemical reaction, and an oxide layer with a certain thickness, commonly called as oxide skin, is formed on the surface of the strip steel. The oxide skin generally consists of a 4-layer structure including iron oxide (Fe) stacked in sequence from top to bottom2O3) Layer, ferroferric oxide (Fe)3O4) Layer, chromium spinel (FeO. Cr2O3) And a ferrochrome spinel layer (FeCr)2O4) And all adjacent layers are staggered and stacked, and the total thickness is 7-30 μm. The scale is hard and cannot be used in the cold rolling process.
Tradition ofMost of the processes adopt HCl acid cleaning to remove oxide skin, but in the acid cleaning process, the acid consumption is large, and a large amount of highly polluted hydrogen chloride waste gas and FeCl-containing waste gas are generated2The waste water can bring serious harm to the natural environment, human production and activities, and the purification cost of the waste gas of the hydrogen chloride and the FeCl2The cost of wastewater treatment is also high.
In view of the above, the present invention is particularly proposed.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a method for removing oxide skin on the surface of steel, which aims to solve the technical problems that the removal of the oxide skin on the surface of steel by an acid washing method can generate a large amount of highly-polluted waste gas and waste water, can bring serious harm to the natural environment and the production and activities of human beings, and the purification treatment cost of the waste gas and the waste water is high.
The invention provides a method for removing oxide skin on the surface of steel, which comprises the following steps: after the steel is subjected to phosphorus breaking, primary grinding, secondary grinding, tertiary grinding and quartic grinding in sequence, cleaning is carried out to remove impurities and dirt, and oxide skin on the surface of the steel is removed.
Further, carrying out phosphorus breaking treatment on the steel by adopting a first rust removing group, wherein the phosphorus breaking rate is 80-95%;
the first rust removal group comprises 4-6 first rust removal units, each first rust removal unit comprises at least one first grinding brush, a first brush strip is arranged on each first grinding brush, and the wire diameter of each first brush strip is 1-8 mm;
preferably, the rotation speed of the first grinding brush is 150-1200 rpm.
Further, the steel after the phosphorus is broken is ground for one time by adopting a second rust removing group to remove Fe2O3Layer, the removal rate is 75-95%;
the second rust removing group comprises 2-3 second rust removing units, each second rust removing unit comprises at least one second grinding brush, a second brush strip is arranged on each second grinding brush, and the wire diameter of each second brush strip is 0.5-7 mm;
preferably, the rotation speed of the second grinding brush is 300-1200 rpm.
Further, a third rust removing group is adopted to carry out secondary grinding on the steel after primary grinding to remove Fe3O4Layer, the removal rate is 75-95%;
the third rust removing group comprises 4-6 third rust removing units, each third rust removing unit comprises at least one third grinding brush, a third brush strip is arranged on each third grinding brush, and the wire diameter of each third brush strip is 0.5-5 mm;
preferably, the rotation speed of the third grinding brush is 600-1200 rpm.
Further, the steel after the secondary grinding is ground for three times by adopting a fourth rust removing group to remove FeO & Cr2O3Layer, the removal rate is 50-95%;
preferably, the fourth rust removing group comprises 2-4 fourth rust removing units, each fourth rust removing unit comprises at least one fourth grinding brush, a fourth brush bar is arranged on each fourth grinding brush, and the wire diameter of each fourth brush bar is 0.5-5 mm;
preferably, the rotating speed of the fourth grinding brush is 800-2000 rpm.
Further, four times of grinding are carried out on the steel after three times of grinding by adopting a fifth rust removing group to remove FeCr2O4Layer, the removal rate is more than or equal to 99 percent;
the fifth rust removing group comprises 10-16 fifth rust removing units, each fifth rust removing unit comprises at least one fifth grinding brush, fifth brush strips are arranged on the fifth grinding brushes, and the wire diameters of the fifth brush strips are 0.2-5 mm;
preferably, the rotating speed of the fifth grinding brush is 1000-2500 rpm.
Further, cleaning the steel product after four times of grinding by using a cleaning group to remove impurities and dirt, wherein the removal rate is more than or equal to 99%;
the cleaning group comprises 4-6 cleaning units, each cleaning unit comprises at least one cleaning brush, and brush wires are arranged on the cleaning brushes and are fiber brush wires.
Further, performing phosphorus removal treatment after the steel is pulled, straightened, rolled and leveled;
performing phosphorus breaking treatment after the steel is pulled, straightened, rolled and leveled;
preferably, a six-roller leveler is adopted to perform straightening rolling leveling on the steel, and the rolling reduction rate is 0-35%.
Further, the steel material includes a wire or a plate.
Further, the steel material comprises at least one of carbon structural steel, alloy structural steel, weathering steel, steel for building structures, deep drawing steel, carbon tool steel, alloy steel, high alloy steel, steel for automobile structures, welded gas cylinder steel and stainless steel;
preferably, the stainless steel includes at least one of 200 series stainless steel, 300 series stainless steel, and 400 series stainless steel.
The second purpose of the present invention is to provide the application of the method for removing the scale on the surface of the steel material in the field of steel material processing.
The method for removing the oxide skin on the surface of the steel provided by the invention sequentially carries out phosphorus removal, primary grinding, secondary grinding, tertiary grinding and quartic grinding on the steel, and then cleaning and removing impurities and dirt, wherein the removal rate of the oxide skin is up to more than 99.8%, so that an acid pickling process is not required, no danger is caused, environmental pollution is avoided, the production rate is improved by 2-4 times compared with the acid pickling process, the loss rate of the steel can be controlled to be 0.2-0.6%, and the method is remarkably reduced relative to the acid pickling process, and meanwhile, the method for removing the oxide skin on the surface of the steel is simple to operate and can be suitable for industrial large-scale production.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions of the present invention will be described clearly and completely below, and it should be apparent that the described embodiments are some, but not all, embodiments of the present invention. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
At present, some manufacturers adopt a pickling-free process to remove oxide skins on the surfaces of steel materials; for example, U.S. patent publication No. US20080216925a1 discloses "a method and apparatus for producing a scale-free metal plate" which first brushes the surface with a stainless steel brush and then brushes the surface with an alumina brush to condition the surface of the metal plate to remove iron oxide scale; although this patent can get rid of the rust layer to a certain extent, the wire can be disconnected, extravagant material, and the cinder residual volume is also great, can't reach the effect of getting rid of the rust layer completely.
The invention patent publication CN105793446A discloses a method and apparatus for continuous heat treatment of steel strip, in which method: the steel strip passes through successive heat treatment chambers, rapid cooling of the steel strip is carried out in at least one of the chambers by spraying a liquid, or a composite fluid of gas and liquid, or a mist-type composition of gas and liquid on the steel strip, and after rapid cooling, a metallic protective layer is deposited on the steel strip by hot dip coating. The fluid sprayed for cooling the steel strip is a fluid having the properties for pickling the iron oxides or oxides of other alloying elements contained in the steel to be treated, so as to limit the oxidation of said steel strip and to reduce the oxides that may have formed on said steel strip, thus reducing or eliminating surface defects during hot dip coating metal operations. Pressurizing and spraying a fluid at a location spaced from the steel strip such that the combined effect of the pickling properties and the mechanical action of the sprayed fluid reduces the oxide layer on the surface of the steel strip. The technology adopts a spraying method to remove the oxide skin, but has the problems of low production and processing speed and low yield, and is difficult to meet the large-scale processing requirement.
According to one aspect of the present invention, there is provided a method for descaling a steel surface, comprising the steps of: and (3) carrying out phosphorus breaking, primary grinding, secondary grinding, tertiary grinding and quartic grinding treatment on the steel in sequence, then cleaning to remove impurities and dirt, and removing the rust layer on the surface of the steel.
The method for removing the oxide skin on the surface of the steel provided by the invention sequentially carries out phosphorus removal, primary grinding, secondary grinding, tertiary grinding and quartic grinding on the steel, and then cleaning and removing impurities and dirt, wherein the removal rate of the oxide skin is up to more than 99.8%, so that an acid pickling process is not required, no danger is caused, environmental pollution is avoided, the production rate is improved by 2-4 times compared with the acid pickling process, the loss rate of the steel can be controlled to be 0.2-0.6%, and the method is remarkably reduced relative to the acid pickling process, and meanwhile, the method for removing the oxide skin on the surface of the steel is simple to operate and can be suitable for industrial large-scale production.
In one scheme of the invention, a first rust removal group is adopted to carry out the phosphorus removal treatment on the steel, the phosphorus removal rate is 80-95%, wherein the first rust removal group comprises 4-6 first rust removal units, each first rust removal unit comprises at least one first grinding brush, a first brush strip is arranged on each first grinding brush, and the wire diameter of each first brush strip is 1-8 mm.
During the phosphorus breaking treatment, 4-6 first rust removing units are sequentially arranged, steel sequentially passes through the 4-6 first rust removing units, and the first brush bars grind the surface of the steel in the rotating process of the first grinding brushes in each first rust removing unit so as to achieve the phosphorus breaking effect and enable the phosphorus breaking rate to reach 80-95%.
Typically, but not limited to, the phosphorus removal rate of the steel is, for example, 80%, 82%, 85%, 88%, 90%, 92% or 95%.
Typically, but not by way of limitation, the first brush bar has a filament diameter of, for example, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7 or 8 mm.
In the invention, the first rust removing group is used for breaking phosphorus to enable loosened oxide skin on the surface of the steel material to be quickly stripped and fall off from a metal matrix, and meanwhile, the first grinding brush with the large wire diameter and the low rotating speed is used for grinding the surface of the steel material through rotation, so that the oxide skin on the surface of the steel material generates cracks with different degrees, the scale breaking effect is better, and the plate shape can be improved; the burden is reduced for the subsequent units, thereby improving the yield.
In a preferable scheme of the invention, the first brush strip is made of abrasive particles and a resin base material, wherein the mass ratio of the abrasive particles is 10-45%;
the abrasive particles are selected from one or more of silicon carbide, silicon dioxide, aluminum oxide, brown corundum, microcrystalline corundum, black corundum, white corundum, chrome corundum, single-crystal corundum, zirconium corundum, silicon carbide, black silicon carbide, green silicon carbide, cubic silicon carbide, cerium silicon carbide, tungsten carbide, carbon nitride, cubic diamond, hexagonal diamond carbon and cubic boron nitride.
Typically, but not by way of limitation, the abrasive particles in the first brush bar comprise, for example, 10%, 15%, 20%, 25%, 30%, 35%, 40%, or 45% by mass.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the abrasive particles in the first brush strip are silicon carbide.
In a further preferred embodiment of the present invention, the abrasive particles in the first brush bar have a particle size of 0.5 to 8 mm.
Typically, but not by way of limitation, the abrasive particles in the first brush bar have a particle size of, for example, 0.5, 1, 2, 4, 5 or 8 mm.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the resin substrate is made of a resin having a certain flexibility, preferably polyamide.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the polyamide comprises a fully aliphatic polyamide having repeating units comprising at least one of the following formulae I and ii:
-CO-C4H8-CO-NH-C6H12-NH-formula I
-NH(CH2)6NH-CO(CH2)4CO-formula II.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the rotation speed of the first grinding brush is 150-1200 rpm.
Typically, but not limitatively, the first grinding brush has a rotational speed of, for example, 150, 300, 450, 600, 750, 900, 1000, 1100 or 1200 rpm.
In a preferred scheme of the invention, the steel after the phosphorus is broken is ground for one time to remove Fe by adopting a second rust removing group2O3And the removal rate of the second rust removal group is 75-95%, wherein the second rust removal group comprises 2-3 second rust removal units, each second rust removal unit comprises at least one second grinding brush, a second brush strip is arranged on each second grinding brush, and the wire diameter of each second brush strip is 0.5-7 mm.
At one timeWhen in grinding, 2-3 second rust removing units are sequentially arranged, the steel subjected to the phosphorus breaking treatment sequentially passes through the 2-3 second rust removing units, and the second brush bars grind the surface of the steel in the rotating process of the second grinding brushes in each second rust removing unit so as to remove Fe through grinding2O3Effect of layer such that Fe2O3The layer removal rate reaches 75-95%.
Typically, but not by way of limitation, the steel material is Fe when subjected to a single grinding2O3The layer removal rate is, for example, 75%, 80%, 82%, 85%, 88%, 90%, 92%, or 95%.
Typically, but not by way of limitation, the second brush bar has a filament diameter of, for example, 0.5, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6 or 7 mm.
In a preferable mode of the invention, the second brush bar is made of abrasive particles and a resin base material, wherein the mass ratio of the abrasive particles is 10-45%.
Typically, but not by way of limitation, the abrasive particles in the second brush bar comprise, for example, 10%, 15%, 20%, 25%, 30%, 35%, 40%, or 45% by mass.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the composition of the abrasive particles and the resin base material in the second brush bar is the same as that of the abrasive particles and the resin base material in the first brush bar, and the description thereof is omitted.
In one embodiment of the invention, the abrasive particles in the second brush bar are a mixture of white corundum and green silicon carbide, and the particle size is 10-50 meshes.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the rotation speed of the second grinding brush is 300-1200 rpm.
Typically, but not limitatively, the second grinding brush has a rotational speed of, for example, 300, 400, 500, 800, 1000 or 1200 rpm.
In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the steel after primary grinding is subjected to secondary grinding to remove Fe by adopting a third rust removing group3O4The third rust removal group comprises 4-6 third rust removal units, each third rust removal unit comprises at least one third grinding brush, third brush strips are arranged on the third grinding brushes, and the wire diameters of the third brush strips are 75-95%Is 0.5-5 mm.
When the secondary grinding is carried out, 4-6 third rust removing units are sequentially arranged, the steel subjected to the primary grinding treatment sequentially passes through the 4-6 third rust removing units, and the third brush bars grind the surface of the steel in the rotating process of the third grinding brushes in each third rust removing unit so as to grind and remove Fe3O4Effect of layer such that Fe3O4The layer removal rate reaches 75-95%.
Typically, but not by way of limitation, the steel material is, upon secondary grinding, Fe3O4The layer removal rate is, for example, 75%, 80%, 82%, 85%, 88%, 90%, 92%, or 95%.
Typically, but not by way of limitation, the third brush bar has a filament diameter of, for example, 0.5, 1, 2, 3, 4 or 5 mm.
In a preferable mode of the invention, the third brush bar is made of abrasive particles and a resin base material, wherein the mass ratio of the abrasive particles is 10-45%.
Typically, but not by way of limitation, the abrasive particles in the third brush bar comprise, for example, 10%, 15%, 20%, 25%, 30%, 35%, 40%, or 45% by mass.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the composition of the abrasive particles and the resin base material in the third brush bar is the same as that of the abrasive particles and the resin base material in the first brush bar, and details thereof are omitted here.
In one embodiment of the present invention, the abrasive particles in the third brush bar are a mixture of single crystal corundum and green silicon carbide, and have a particle size of 20-80 meshes.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the rotation speed of the third grinding brush is 600-1200 rpm.
Typically, but not limitatively, the third grinding brush has a rotational speed of, for example, 600, 800, 900, 1000, 1100 or 1200 rpm.
In a preferable scheme of the invention, the steel after the secondary grinding is ground for three times by adopting a fourth rust removing group to remove FeO & Cr2O3And the removal rate of the fourth rust removal group is 50-95%, wherein the fourth rust removal group comprises 2-4 fourth rust removal units, each fourth rust removal unit comprises at least one fourth grinding brush, and the fourth grinding brush is groundThe grinding brush is provided with a fourth brush strip, and the diameter of the fourth brush strip is 0.5-5 mm.
When the third grinding is carried out, 2-4 fourth rust removing units are sequentially arranged, the steel subjected to the second grinding treatment sequentially passes through the 2-4 fourth rust removing units, and the fourth brush bars grind the surface of the steel in the rotating process of the fourth grinding brushes in each fourth rust removing unit so as to remove FeO & Cr through grinding2O3The effect of the layer is such that FeO & Cr2O3The layer removal rate reaches 50-95%.
Typically, but not by way of limitation, FeO. Cr when the steel is ground three times2O3The layer removal rate is, for example, 50%, 60%, 70%, 80%, 85%, 90% or 95%.
Typically, but not by way of limitation, the fourth brush bar has a filament diameter of, for example, 0.5, 1, 2, 3, 4 or 5 mm.
In a preferable mode of the present invention, the fourth brush bar is made of abrasive particles and a resin base material, wherein the mass ratio of the abrasive particles is 10-45%.
Typically, but not by way of limitation, the abrasive particles in the fourth brush bar comprise, for example, 10%, 15%, 20%, 25%, 30%, 35%, 40%, or 45% by mass.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the abrasive particles and the resin base material in the fourth brush bar are the same as those in the first brush bar, and will not be described herein again.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the abrasive particles in the fourth brush bar are diamond or cubic silicon carbide, and have a particle size of 30-80 mesh.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the rotation speed of the fourth grinding brush is 800-.
Typically, but not limitatively, the fourth grinding brush has a rotational speed of, for example, 800, 900, 1000, 1100 or 1200 rpm.
In a preferable scheme of the invention, the fifth rust removing group is adopted to carry out four-time grinding on the steel material after three-time grinding to remove FeCr2O4Layer, the removal rate is more than or equal to 99 percent; wherein the fifth rust removing group comprises 10-16 fifth rust removing units, and each fifth rust removing unitThe grinding brush comprises at least one fifth grinding brush, wherein a fifth brush strip is arranged on the fifth grinding brush, and the filament diameter of the fifth brush strip is 0.2-5 mm.
When four times of grinding is carried out, 10-16 fifth rust removing units are sequentially arranged, the steel subjected to three times of grinding treatment sequentially passes through 10-16 fifth rust removing units, and in the rotating process of a fifth grinding brush in each fifth rust removing unit, the fifth brush strip grinds the surface of the steel so as to achieve the purpose of grinding and removing FeCr2O4Effect of layer such that FeCr2O4The layer removal rate is more than or equal to 99 percent.
Typically, but not by way of limitation, the rust removal rate of the steel is greater than 99% when the steel is ground four times.
Typically, but not by way of limitation, the fifth brush bar has a filament diameter of, for example, 0.2, 1, 2, 3, 4 or 5 mm.
In a preferable mode of the present invention, the fifth brush bar is made of abrasive particles and a resin base material, wherein the mass ratio of the abrasive particles is 10-45%.
Typically, but not by way of limitation, the abrasive particles in the fifth brush bar comprise, for example, 10%, 15%, 20%, 25%, 30%, 35%, 40%, or 45% by mass.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the composition of the abrasive particles and the resin base material in the fifth brush bar is the same as that of the abrasive particles and the resin base material in the first brush bar, and details thereof are omitted here.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the abrasive particles in the fifth brush bar are single crystal corundum or tungsten carbide, and the particle size is 400-500 mesh.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the rotation speed of the fifth grinding brush is 1000-.
Typically, but not limitatively, the fifth grinding brush has a rotational speed of, for example, 1000, 1200, 1500, 1800, 2000 or 2500 rpm.
In a preferred scheme of the invention, the steel material which is grinded for four times is cleaned by a cleaning group to remove impurities and dirt, wherein the removal rate is more than or equal to 99%, the cleaning group comprises 4-6 cleaning units, each cleaning unit comprises at least one cleaning brush, and the cleaning brush is provided with brush wires which are fiber brush wires.
When the cleaning group cleans the steel product after four times of grinding to remove impurities and dirt, 4-6 cleaning units are sequentially arranged, the steel product after four times of grinding sequentially passes through 4-6 cleaning units, and fiber brush wires on the cleaning brush scrub the surface of the steel product in the rotating process of the cleaning brush in each cleaning unit to achieve the purpose of removing the impurities and the dirt, so that the removal rate of the impurities and the dirt on the surface of the steel product is more than or equal to 99%.
In a typical but non-limiting embodiment of the invention, the washing brushes are commercially available.
In a preferable scheme of the invention, the brush filaments of the cleaning brush are high-density industrial brush filaments, and the bristle planting density is 30-85/cm3。
Typically, but not by way of limitation, the bristle density of the filaments on the cleaning brush is, for example, 30, 40, 50, 60, 70, 80, or 85 filaments/cm3。
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the rotation speed of the washing brush is 500 and 1500 rpm.
Typically, but not limitatively, the washing brush is rotated at, for example, 500, 800, 1000, 1200 or 1500 rpm.
Impurities and dirt on the surface of the steel are removed by the cleaning brush, so that the pressing roller is not easy to damage during cold rolling, and the problem that the adsorbed oxide skin is rolled into the steel is thoroughly solved.
In a preferred scheme of the invention, before the steel is subjected to the phosphorus breaking treatment, the steel is firstly pulled, straightened and rolled to be flat so as to provide the phosphorus breaking rate and the subsequent scale removal rate.
In a preferable scheme of the invention, a six-roller leveler is adopted to perform straightening rolling leveling on the steel, and the rolling reduction rate is 0-35%.
Typically, but not by way of limitation, the reduction of rolling is, for example, 0, 10%, 15%, 20%, 25%, 30% or 35%.
In the present invention, the steel material includes, but is not limited to, one or more of carbon structural steel, alloy structural steel, weathering steel, steel for building structure, deep drawing steel, carbon tool steel, alloy steel, high alloy steel, steel for automobile structure, welded gas cylinder steel, and stainless steel.
In the present invention, the stainless steel includes, but is not limited to, one or more of 200 series stainless steel, 300 series stainless steel and 400 series stainless steel.
In the present invention, steel includes, but is not limited to, plate and/or wire.
In a preferred scheme of the invention, the grinding brushes with different lengths and diameters can be selected according to different conditions of the shape and the shape of the steel to be ground, and the grinding brushes with different combinations of base materials and abrasive particles are selected according to the quality of the steel and the requirements of customers, so that the production rate and the quality rate of products are better improved.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the grinding brush is fixed on the roller core, and the roller core is driven by the motor to rotate at a high speed, so that the grinding brush is driven to remove the scale on the surface of the steel material by means of the grinding strip. The surface of the steel is bright as new, and can meet the requirements of cold rolling, surface painting and common plating. Meanwhile, the treatment process is environment-friendly and pollution-free.
According to a second aspect of the present invention, there is provided the use of the above method for descaling a steel surface in the field of steel processing.
In order to facilitate understanding of those skilled in the art, the technical solutions provided by the present invention are further described below with reference to examples.
Example 1
The embodiment provides a production process for removing scale on the surface of 400 series stainless steel strip, wherein the strip steel is sus430, the specification is 3mm x 1250mm, and the total length is 800 meters, and the process comprises the following steps:
(1) straightening, rolling and flattening the hot-rolled strip steel, wherein the rolling reduction rate is 1-25%, the tension of a straightening section is 160-275 KN, and the elongation is controlled to be 0.8-1.6%;
(2) and (3) carrying out phosphorus breaking treatment on the steel by adopting a first rust removing group, wherein the scale breaking rate is controlled to be 80-95%. The first rust removing group comprises 4-6 first rust removing units which are sequentially arranged, each first rust removing unit comprises at least one first grinding brush, and the first grinding brushes rotate to grind the surface of the steel so as to achieve the effect of phosphorus breaking.
The first grinding brush is 420mm in diameter and 300-500 rpm in rotation speed, a first brush strip is arranged on the first grinding brush, the filament diameter of the first brush strip is 1-8mm, the first brush strip is made of abrasive particles and resin base materials, the abrasive particles are green silicon carbide and are 1-6 mm in particle size, and the mass ratio of the abrasive particles in the first brush strip is 20-35%. The motor load factor is 60-95%, and the torque is 140-245 N.m.
(3) Carrying out primary grinding on the strip steel subjected to phosphorus breaking by adopting a second rust removing group to remove Fe2O3And the removal rate of the layer is controlled to be 75-95%. The second rust removing group comprises 2-3 second rust removing units which are sequentially arranged, each second rust removing unit comprises at least one second grinding brush, and the second grinding brushes rotate to grind the surface of the steel for one time so as to remove Fe2O3The effect of the layer.
The diameter of the second grinding brush is 420mm, the rotating speed is 400-700 rpm, a second brush strip is arranged on the second grinding brush, the filament diameter of the first brush strip is 0.5-7mm, the second brush strip is made of abrasive particles and a resin base material, the abrasive particles are a mixture of white corundum and green silicon carbide (the mass ratio of the white corundum to the green silicon carbide is 1.7:1), the particle size is 20-50 meshes, and the mass ratio of the abrasive particles in the second brush strip is 20-35%. The motor load factor is 70-95%, and the torque is 100-205 N.m.
(4) Carrying out secondary grinding on the strip steel subjected to primary grinding by adopting a third rust removing group to remove Fe3O4And the removal rate of the layer is controlled to be 75-95%. The third rust removing group comprises 4-6 third rust removing units which are sequentially arranged, each third rust removing unit comprises at least one third grinding brush, and the third grinding brushes rotate to carry out secondary grinding on the surface of the steel so as to remove Fe3O4The effect of the layer.
The third grinding brush is 380mm in diameter and 600-1000 rpm in rotation speed, a third brush strip is arranged on the third grinding brush, the wire diameter of the third brush strip is 0.5-5mm, the third brush strip is made of abrasive particles and a resin base material, the abrasive particles are a mixture of single crystal corundum and green silicon carbide (the mass ratio of the single crystal corundum to the green silicon carbide is 1:1.2), the particle size is 30-70 meshes, and the mass proportion of the abrasive particles in the third brush strip is 10-25%. The load factor of the motor is 70-95%, and the torque is 155-215 N.m.
(5) Adopts a fourth rust removing group to form a second groupGrinding the strip steel after the secondary grinding for three times to remove FeO & Cr2O3And the removal rate of the layer is controlled to be 50-95%. The fourth rust removing group comprises 2-4 fourth rust removing units which are sequentially arranged, each fourth rust removing unit comprises at least one fourth grinding brush, and the fourth grinding brushes rotate to grind the surface of the steel for three times to remove FeO & Cr2O3The effect of the layer.
Wherein the diameter of the fourth grinding brush is 350mm, the rotating speed is 800-1200rpm, a fourth brush strip is arranged on the fourth grinding brush, the filament diameter of the fourth brush strip is 0.5-5mm, the fourth brush strip is made of abrasive particles and resin base materials, wherein the abrasive particles are silicon carbide, the particle size is 45-80 meshes, and the mass percentage of the abrasive particles in the fourth brush strip is 10-20%. The load factor of the motor is 85-95%, and the torque is 170-255 N.m.
(6) The fourth grinding is carried out on the strip steel after the fourth grinding by adopting a fifth derusting group to remove FeCr spinel layer FeCr2An O4 layer, wherein the removal rate is controlled to be 99.9%; the fifth rust removing group comprises 10-16 fifth rust removing units which are sequentially arranged, each fifth rust removing unit comprises at least one fifth grinding brush, and the fifth grinding brushes rotate to grind the surface of the steel for four times to remove FeCr2Effect of O4 layer.
The fifth grinding brush is provided with a fifth brush strip, the diameter of the fifth grinding brush is 350mm, the rotating speed is 800-1500 rpm, the fifth brush strip is provided with a fifth brush strip, the filament diameter of the fifth brush strip is 0.2-5mm, the fifth brush strip is made of abrasive particles and resin base materials, the abrasive particles are silicon carbide, the particle size is 40-120 meshes, and the mass percentage of the fifth brush strip is 10-20%. The load factor of the motor is 85-95%, and the torque is 170-255 N.m.
(7) Cleaning the surface of the strip steel after the four-time grinding by using a cleaning group to remove impurities and dirt, wherein the removal rate is controlled to be 99.9%; the cleaning group comprises 4-6 cleaning units which are sequentially arranged, each cleaning unit comprises at least one cleaning brush, and the cleaning brushes rotate to clean the surface of the steel, so that the effect of removing impurities and dirt is achieved.
Wherein the cleaning brush is a high-density industrial brush roll, and the bristle planting density is 50-85 pieces/cm3The clear rotation speed is 500-1200 rpm. The load factor of the motor is 85-95%, and the torque is 80～125N·m。
Example 2
The embodiment provides a production process for removing oxide scale on the surface of 400 series stainless steel strip, wherein the thickness of the strip is 3mm, and the process is different from that of embodiment 1 in that the diameter of a fifth grinding brush is 320mm, the rotating speed is 1000-2000 rpm, abrasive particles in a fifth brush bar are zirconia corundum, the particle size is 100-120 meshes, and the mass ratio in the fifth brush bar is 20-40%. The load factor of the motor is 85-95%, and the torque is 180-265 N.m. The steps are the same as those in embodiment 1, and are not described herein again.
Example 3
The embodiment provides a production process for removing oxide scale on the surface of 400 series stainless steel strip, wherein the thickness of the strip is 3mm, and the process is different from that of embodiment 1 in that the diameter of a fifth grinding brush is 280mm, the rotating speed is 1000-2500rpm, abrasive particles in a fifth brush bar are a mixture of monocrystalline corundum and tungsten carbide (the mass ratio of the monocrystalline corundum to the tungsten carbide is 1.2:1), the particle size is 400-500 meshes, and the mass proportion in the fifth brush bar is 10-15%. The load factor of the motor is 85-95%, and the torque is 120-145 N.m. The steps are the same as those in embodiment 1, and are not described herein again.
Comparative example 1
The embodiment provides a production process for removing scale on the surface of 400 series stainless steel strip steel, which adopts a conventional HCl pickling process to remove scale.
Test examples
The cycle of the production process for removing scale on the surface of the 400 series stainless steel strip provided in examples 1 to 3 and comparative example 1, and the wear rate of the 400 series stainless steel strip after the treatment process provided in examples 1 to 3 and comparative example 1 were measured, respectively, and the results are shown in table 1.
TABLE 1
| Peeling ratio (%) | Art period (Min) | Loss ratio (%) of steel material | |
| Example 1 | ≧99.8 | 20 | 0.4 |
| Example 2 | ≧99.8 | 40 | 0.5 |
| Example 3 | ≧99.9 | 50 | 0.6 |
| Comparative example 1 | ≧99.5 | 120 | 1.1-1.5 |
As can be seen from comparison between examples 1-3 and comparative example 1 in Table 1, in examples 1-3, the oxide scale is removed by using the oxide scale treatment process provided by the invention instead of the pickling process, the production process is simpler, the peeling rate is higher and can reach 99.8%, the production rate is improved by 2-4 times compared with the pickling process, and the method is free from danger and causes no environmental pollution. The loss rate of the steel is controlled to be 0.2-0.6%, which is lower than that of the pickling process.
In addition, the method for removing the oxide scale on the surface of the steel material provided by the embodiments 1 to 3 of the present invention has the following beneficial effects:
(1) the rolling is utilized to ensure that the oxide skin on the surface of the strip steel is better stripped and fallen off from the metal matrix, the structure of the residual oxide skin becomes more loose and is easy to fall off, the burden of subsequent descaling is greatly reduced, and simultaneously, the surface of the strip steel is smoother and has gradually reduced roughness along with the increase of the reduction rate;
(2) the first rust removing group is utilized to enable loosened oxide skin on the surface of the strip steel to be quickly stripped and fall off from a metal matrix, and meanwhile, the coarse wire diameter and the low rotating speed enable the oxide skin on the surface of the strip steel to generate cracks of different degrees, so that the scale breaking effect is better, and the plate shape can be improved; the burden is reduced for the subsequent units, thereby improving yield;
(3) silicon carbide, silicon dioxide, aluminum oxide, brown corundum, microcrystalline corundum, black corundum, white corundum, chrome corundum, single-crystal corundum, zirconium corundum, silicon carbide, black silicon carbide, green silicon carbide, cubic silicon carbide, cerium silicon carbide, tungsten carbide and carbon nitride (beta-C)3N4) At least one of diamond, hexagonal carbon and Cubic Boron Nitride (CBN) is used as abrasive particles to respectively manufacture a first grinding brush, a second grinding brush, a third grinding brush, a fourth grinding brush and a fifth grinding brush which are sequentially ground to grind off oxide skins on the surface of the strip steel;
(4) the roughness of the plate is controlled by adopting different materials and meshes according to different oxide skin levels;
(5) impurities and dirt on the surface of the strip steel are removed by adopting a high-density cleaning brush, so that a press roller is not easy to damage during cold rolling, and the problem that adsorbed oxide skin rolls into a steel plate is thoroughly solved;
(6) the specific diameters, rotating speeds and torques of the first grinding brush, the second grinding brush, the third grinding brush, the fourth grinding brush and the fifth grinding brush are adopted, the linear speed and the pressing rate are controlled, and the energy consumption ratio is converted better;
(7) the process adopts physical descaling and is acid-free in the whole process, so that the peracid phenomenon of steel in the pickling environment and the problems of waste gas, waste liquid and solid waste generated in the pickling environment are thoroughly solved, the environmental problem is greatly improved, and the solid waste iron oxide scale generated by the process can be used for steelmaking.
Finally, it should be noted that: the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solution of the present invention, and not to limit the same; while the invention has been described in detail and with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that: the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments may still be modified, or some or all of the technical features may be equivalently replaced; and the modifications or the substitutions do not make the essence of the corresponding technical solutions depart from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A method for descaling a steel surface, comprising the steps of: after the steel is subjected to phosphorus breaking, primary grinding, secondary grinding, tertiary grinding and quartic grinding in sequence, cleaning is carried out to remove impurities and dirt, and oxide skin on the surface of the steel is removed.
2. The method for removing the oxide skin on the surface of the steel material as claimed in claim 1, wherein the first rust removing group is used for carrying out the phosphorus removal treatment on the steel material, and the phosphorus removal rate is 80-95%;
preferably, the first rust removing group comprises 4-6 first rust removing units, each first rust removing unit comprises at least one first grinding brush, a first brush strip is arranged on each first grinding brush, and the wire diameter of each first brush strip is 1-8 mm;
preferably, the rotation speed of the first grinding brush is 150-1200 rpm.
3. The method for descaling a steel material surface according to claim 1, wherein the phosphate-reduced steel material is ground once to remove Fe using a second descaling group2O3Layer, the removal rate is 75-95%;
preferably, the second rust removing group comprises 2-3 second rust removing units, each second rust removing unit comprises at least one second grinding brush, a second brush strip is arranged on each second grinding brush, and the wire diameter of each second brush strip is 0.5-7 mm;
preferably, the rotation speed of the second grinding brush is 300-1200 rpm.
4. The method for descaling a steel material surface according to claim 1, wherein the primarily ground steel material is secondarily ground to remove Fe using a third rust removing group3O4Layer, the removal rate is 75-95%;
preferably, the third rust removing group comprises 4-6 third rust removing units, each third rust removing unit comprises at least one third grinding brush, a third brush strip is arranged on each third grinding brush, and the wire diameter of each third brush strip is 0.5-5 mm;
preferably, the rotation speed of the third grinding brush is 600-1200 rpm.
5. A method for descaling a steel material surface according to claim 1, wherein the secondarily ground steel material is ground three times to remove FeO. Cr by using a fourth descaling group2O3Layer, the removal rate is 50-95%;
the fourth rust removing group comprises 2-4 fourth rust removing units, each fourth rust removing unit comprises at least one fourth grinding brush, a fourth brush strip is arranged on each fourth grinding brush, and the wire diameter of each fourth brush strip is 0.5-5 mm;
preferably, the rotating speed of the fourth grinding brush is 800-2000 rpm.
6. The method for descaling a steel surface according to claim 1, wherein the third ground steel is ground four times to remove FeCr using a fifth rust removing group2O4Layer, the removal rate is more than or equal to 99 percent;
the fifth rust removing group comprises 10-16 fifth rust removing units, each fifth rust removing unit comprises at least one fifth grinding brush, fifth brush strips are arranged on the fifth grinding brushes, and the wire diameters of the fifth brush strips are 0.2-5 mm;
preferably, the rotating speed of the fifth grinding brush is 1000-2500 rpm.
7. The method for removing the oxide skin on the surface of the steel material as claimed in claim 1, wherein the steel material after four times of grinding is cleaned by a cleaning group to remove impurities and dirt, and the removal rate is more than or equal to 99%;
preferably, the cleaning group comprises 4-6 cleaning units, each cleaning unit comprises at least one cleaning brush, and brush wires are arranged on the cleaning brushes and are fiber brush wires.
8. A method for descaling a steel material surface according to any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein the steel material is subjected to a phosphate-breaking treatment after being subjected to a straightening rolling flattening;
preferably, a six-roller leveler is adopted to perform pulling straightening rolling leveling on the steel, and the rolling reduction rate is 0-35%.
9. The method for descaling a steel surface according to any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein the steel material comprises at least one of structural carbon steel, structural alloy steel, weathering steel, structural construction steel, deep drawing steel, tool carbon steel, alloy steel, high alloy steel, structural automobile steel, welded cylinder steel, and stainless steel;
preferably, the stainless steel includes at least one of 200 series stainless steel, 300 series stainless steel, and 400 series stainless steel;
preferably, the steel material comprises a plate and/or wire.
10. Use of a method for descaling a steel surface according to any one of claims 1 to 9 in the field of steel processing.
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