CN112264672A - Numerical control cutter and manufacturing method thereof - Google Patents
Numerical control cutter and manufacturing method thereof Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN112264672A CN112264672A CN202011107129.4A CN202011107129A CN112264672A CN 112264672 A CN112264672 A CN 112264672A CN 202011107129 A CN202011107129 A CN 202011107129A CN 112264672 A CN112264672 A CN 112264672A
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- cutter
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- tool bit
- thread
- numerical control
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23D—PLANING; SLOTTING; SHEARING; BROACHING; SAWING; FILING; SCRAPING; LIKE OPERATIONS FOR WORKING METAL BY REMOVING MATERIAL, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23D79/00—Methods, machines, or devices not covered elsewhere, for working metal by removal of material
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23P—METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; COMBINED OPERATIONS; UNIVERSAL MACHINE TOOLS
- B23P15/00—Making specific metal objects by operations not covered by a single other subclass or a group in this subclass
- B23P15/28—Making specific metal objects by operations not covered by a single other subclass or a group in this subclass cutting tools
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23Q—DETAILS, COMPONENTS, OR ACCESSORIES FOR MACHINE TOOLS, e.g. ARRANGEMENTS FOR COPYING OR CONTROLLING; MACHINE TOOLS IN GENERAL CHARACTERISED BY THE CONSTRUCTION OF PARTICULAR DETAILS OR COMPONENTS; COMBINATIONS OR ASSOCIATIONS OF METAL-WORKING MACHINES, NOT DIRECTED TO A PARTICULAR RESULT
- B23Q11/00—Accessories fitted to machine tools for keeping tools or parts of the machine in good working condition or for cooling work; Safety devices specially combined with or arranged in, or specially adapted for use in connection with, machine tools
- B23Q11/10—Arrangements for cooling or lubricating tools or work
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23Q—DETAILS, COMPONENTS, OR ACCESSORIES FOR MACHINE TOOLS, e.g. ARRANGEMENTS FOR COPYING OR CONTROLLING; MACHINE TOOLS IN GENERAL CHARACTERISED BY THE CONSTRUCTION OF PARTICULAR DETAILS OR COMPONENTS; COMBINATIONS OR ASSOCIATIONS OF METAL-WORKING MACHINES, NOT DIRECTED TO A PARTICULAR RESULT
- B23Q11/00—Accessories fitted to machine tools for keeping tools or parts of the machine in good working condition or for cooling work; Safety devices specially combined with or arranged in, or specially adapted for use in connection with, machine tools
- B23Q11/10—Arrangements for cooling or lubricating tools or work
- B23Q11/1015—Arrangements for cooling or lubricating tools or work by supplying a cutting liquid through the spindle
- B23Q11/1023—Tool holders, or tools in general specially adapted for receiving the cutting liquid from the spindle
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Optics & Photonics (AREA)
- Cutting Tools, Boring Holders, And Turrets (AREA)
- Milling Processes (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a numerical control cutter and a manufacturing method thereof, wherein the numerical control cutter comprises a cutter head, a connecting piece and a cutter bar which are coaxially arranged, and the connecting piece comprises a cutter head connecting section and a cutter bar connecting section; the tool bit connecting section is in threaded connection with the tool bit, and damping rubber is filled between the tool bit connecting section and the tool bit; the cutter arbor linkage segment includes toper section and screw thread section, the cutter arbor dispose with toper connecting portion with toper section interference fit and with the thread engagement portion that the screw thread section was meshed. The numerical control cutter provided by the invention has better stability, higher processing precision and higher anti-seismic performance.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of numerical control machining, and particularly relates to a numerical control cutter and a manufacturing method thereof.
Background
The existing numerical control cutter has the defects of high noise, low smoothness, low efficiency, high cutter loss, low precision and the like in the machining process, the cutter is easy to damage due to cutter vibration during machining, the cutter needs to be installed again once being damaged, the time is delayed, the industrial cost is increased, the production efficiency of enterprises is influenced, and in addition, the precision of a workpiece is greatly reduced after the cutter vibration action is applied to a mechanical workpiece.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects in the prior art and provides a numerical control cutter and a manufacturing method thereof, and the numerical control cutter has better stability, higher processing precision and higher shock resistance.
The invention provides the following technical scheme:
in a first aspect, the invention provides a numerical control cutter, which comprises a cutter head, a connecting piece and a cutter bar, wherein the cutter head, the connecting piece and the cutter bar are coaxially arranged;
the tool bit connecting section is in threaded connection with the tool bit, and damping rubber is filled between the tool bit connecting section and the tool bit;
the cutter arbor linkage segment includes toper section and screw thread section, the cutter arbor dispose with toper connecting portion with toper section interference fit and with the thread engagement portion that the screw thread section was meshed.
In combination with the first aspect, further, a cooling liquid channel penetrating through the cutter bar, the connecting piece and the cutter head is further formed in the cutter, and cooling liquid outlets communicated with the cooling liquid channel are distributed on the cutting edge of the cutter head.
With reference to the first aspect, further, the thread configured by the thread section is a trapezoidal thread.
With reference to the first aspect, further, the tool bit and the tool holder are made of cemented carbide.
With reference to the first aspect, further, SKD61 steel is used as the connecting piece.
With reference to the first aspect, further, the tool bar is cylindrical, and an aspect ratio of the tool bar is not less than 10.
With reference to the first aspect, further, the tool bit connecting section, the tapered section and the threaded section are connected in sequence to form an integral structure.
In a second aspect, the invention provides a method for manufacturing the numerical control tool of any one of the first aspect, which comprises the following steps:
selecting a tool bit blank, and machining a tool bit connecting groove along the axial direction of the tool bit blank;
processing an internal thread in the tool bit connecting groove, wherein the internal thread is matched with an external thread of the tool bit connecting section;
pouring liquid shock absorption glue into the tool bit connecting groove, and installing the tool bit connecting section in the tool bit connecting groove before the shock absorption glue is solidified;
after the damping rubber is solidified, machining a cutting edge at the end part of the cutter head, and machining a cooling liquid channel in the cutter head and the connecting piece so that the cooling liquid channel is communicated with a cooling liquid outlet distributed on the cutting edge;
and connecting the processed and formed cutter bar to the cutter bar connecting section of the connecting piece, so that the conical section of the cutter bar connecting section is matched with the conical connecting part of the cutter bar, and the thread section is meshed with the thread meshing part of the cutter bar.
With reference to the second aspect, further, the cutter bar is formed by machining a whole hard alloy round bar at one time.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
the shock absorption glue is filled between the cutter head connecting section of the connecting piece and the cutter head, and on one hand, the shock absorption glue can increase the connection stability of the connecting piece and the cutter head; on the other hand, the damping rubber can weaken the mechanical vibration of the cutter in the machining process by utilizing the self damping effect, so that the machining precision of the cutter is improved; on the other hand, the shock-absorbing glue can also fill the air gap between the cutter head and the connecting piece, so that the connection between the cutter head and the connecting section of the cutter head is prevented from being oxidized in a high-temperature environment, and the service life of the cutter is prolonged;
the cutter bar is provided with a conical connecting part in interference fit with the conical section of the connecting piece and a thread meshing part meshed with the thread section, and the interference fit design structure of the conical section and the conical connecting part realizes the self-centering high-precision connection of the connecting piece and the cutter bar, is beneficial to improving the coaxiality of the cutter head and the cutter bar, so that the machining precision of the cutter is improved;
the cutter is internally provided with a cooling liquid channel, and the cutting edge of the cutter head is distributed with cooling liquid outlets communicated with the cooling liquid channel, so that on one hand, the cutter in the machining process can be quickly cooled, the service life of the cutter is prolonged, the phenomenon that the machined material is stuck to the cutter can be effectively prevented, and the chip removal performance is improved; on the other hand, the arrangement of the cooling liquid channel enables the cutter to be in a hollow structure, so that the mechanical vibration in the machining process can be further weakened; under the design structure, the shock absorption rubber can also avoid liquid leakage between the cutter head and the connecting piece, and the sealing performance of the cutter to cooling liquid is improved;
the cutter bar and the cutter head are connected through the connecting piece, the cutter bar and the cutter head are of detachable split structures, a welding structure of the cutter bar of the cutter head in the prior art is replaced, the technical problem of welding fracture is fundamentally solved, if the cutter head is damaged, the cutter bar can be kept to be continuously used, in addition, a user can also use the cutter bars with different length-diameter ratios according to the actual use, so that the application scenes of the cutter head are increased, and the use cost of the user is saved;
the numerical control cutter provided by the invention is suitable for high-precision machining, can be applied to high-speed fine engraving and high-speed milling, and is particularly suitable for machining titanium alloy and other heat-resistant alloy materials.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a numerically controlled cutting tool provided by an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is an enlarged view of a portion of a connector-to-bit connection according to an embodiment of the present invention;
labeled as: 1. a cutter head; 2. a connecting member; 2a, a tool bit connecting section; 2b, a conical section; 2c, a threaded section; 3. a cutter bar; 3a, a tapered connecting part; 3b, a threaded engagement portion; 4. shock-absorbing glue.
Detailed Description
The invention is further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. The following examples are only for illustrating the technical solutions of the present invention more clearly, and the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereby.
The first embodiment is as follows:
as shown in fig. 1, the numerical control cutting tool comprises a cutting head 1, a cutter bar 3 and a connecting piece 2 for connecting the cutting head 1 and the cutter bar 3, wherein the cutting head 1, the cutter bar 3 and the connecting piece 2 are coaxially arranged.
The connecting piece 2 comprises a cutter head connecting section 2a and a cutter bar connecting section.
The external screw thread is equipped with to tool bit linkage segment 2a periphery, and the one end that tool bit 1 is connected with connecting piece 2 sets up the tool bit spread groove in tool bit 1 along 1 axes of tool bit, and the lateral wall of tool bit spread groove is equipped with the internal thread, internal thread and external screw thread looks adaptation for connect tool bit 1 in on the connecting piece 2. Damping rubber 4 is attached between the groove bottom and the side wall of the tool bit connecting groove and the tool bit connecting section 2 a. The shock absorption rubber 4 can increase the connection stability of the connecting piece 2 and the cutter head 1; on the other hand, the damping rubber 4 can weaken the mechanical vibration of the cutter in the machining process by utilizing the self damping effect, so that the machining precision of the cutter is improved; on the other hand, the damping rubber 4 can also fill an air gap between the tool bit 1 and the tool bit connecting section 2a, so that the connection part of the tool bit 1 and the tool bit connecting section 2a is prevented from being oxidized in a high-temperature environment, and the service life of the cutter is prolonged.
The cutter arbor linkage segment is divided into toper section 2b and screw thread section 2c, and the one end that cutter arbor 3 is connected with connecting piece 2 sets up the cutter arbor spread groove in cutter arbor 3 along 3 axial directions of cutter arbor, disposes in the cutter arbor spread groove toper connecting portion 3a of toper section 2b interference fit and with screw thread meshing portion 3b that screw thread section 2c engaged with mutually. The external diameter of toper section 2b shrinks gradually along the direction of keeping away from tool bit 1, and toper section 2b and toper connecting portion 3 a's interference fit project organization has realized connecting piece 2 and cutter arbor 3 from the high accuracy of centering and has connected, helps improving the axiality of cutter bit 1 and cutter arbor 3 to improve cutter machining precision, the thread engagement structure has improved the joint strength of cutter arbor 3 with connecting piece 2 in addition, effectively reduces disconnected sword phenomenon.
The numerical control cutter bar 3 provided by the embodiment of the invention is also internally provided with a cooling liquid channel, the cooling liquid channel penetrates through the cutter bar 3, the connecting piece 2 and the cutter head 1, and the cutting edge of the cutter head 1 is distributed with a plurality of cooling liquid outlets. In the machining process, cooling liquid enters from a cooling liquid inlet arranged at one end of the cutter bar 3 and flows out from a cooling liquid outlet arranged on the cutting edge, and the arrangement of the cooling liquid channel not only can accelerate the cooling of the cutter (the cooling effect is rapid, uniform and thorough compared with the internal cooling and the external cooling), prolong the service life of the cutter, but also can enable the cutter to be integrally in a hollow structure, so that the cutter shaking phenomenon in the machining process can be weakened to the maximum extent, and the machining precision can be ensured; the coolant outlet distributes on the blade of tool bit 1, can effectively prevent by the processing material glue sword phenomenon and improve the chip removal performance. Under this design, the aforementioned cushion gum 4 can also avoid appearing the weeping between tool bit 1 and the connecting piece 2, increases the sealing performance of cutter to the coolant liquid.
In the embodiment of the invention, the thread configured on the thread section 2c of the cutter bar connecting section is a trapezoidal thread, the thread form angle of the trapezoidal thread is 30 degrees, the trapezoidal thread is meshed with the thread meshing part 3b of the cutter bar 3, the internal thread and the external thread are tightly attached by conical surfaces and are not easy to loosen, the process is better, compared with the common thread, the root strength of the trapezoidal thread is high, the centering performance is good, and the connection between transmission structural members is more suitable. Trapezoidal thread cooperatees with toper section 2b, not only can guarantee the axiality of connecting rod and cutter arbor 3, and can guarantee the joint strength of cutter arbor 3 and connecting piece 2, effectively reduces disconnected sword phenomenon.
As shown in table 1, are optional parameters for trapezoidal threads suitable for use in embodiments of the present invention:
table 1:
in order to further improve the connection strength of the cutter head 1 and the cutter bar 3, the cutter head connecting section 2a, the conical section 2b and the threaded section 2c of the connecting piece 2 adopt an integrated structure which is connected in sequence. The cutter bar 3 and the cutter head 1 are connected through the connecting piece 2, the cutter bar 3 and the cutter head 1 are detachable and split structures, a welding structure of the cutter bar 3 of the cutter head 1 in the prior art is replaced, the technical problem of welding fracture is fundamentally solved, if the cutter head 1 is damaged, the cutter bar 3 can be kept to be continuously used, in addition, a user can also increase the application scenes of the cutter head 1 according to the fact that the cutter bars 3 with different length-diameter ratios are used, and the use cost of the user is saved. The cutter bar 3 can be a cylindrical structure, the length-diameter ratio of the cutter bar 3 is generally not less than 10, and the cutter bar is suitable for processing small-diameter deep holes, but it should be understood that a person skilled in the art can select the size of the cutter bar 3 according to actual needs so as to be suitable for different processing environments.
In the embodiment of the invention, the cutter head 1 and the cutter bar 3 can be made of hard alloy materials, such as: tungsten steel material (using WC and Co powder as main raw materials). As shown in table 1, the table is a comparison table of the machining test of the numerical control tool provided by the embodiment of the present invention and the existing known numerical control tool, the right side in table 1 corresponds to the numerical control tool provided by the embodiment of the present invention, and a tungsten steel anti-seismic cutter bar 3 is used to increase or decrease a tungsten steel cutter head 1 (including a connecting piece 2, the connecting piece 2 is made of SKD61 steel material); the left side corresponds current known numerical control cutter in table 2, adopts tungsten steel cutter arbor 3 to add steel tool bit 1 and adds the tungsten steel blade combination:
table 2:
according to the table 2, for the materials to be processed with the same hardness, under the same processing conditions, the numerical control tool provided by the embodiment of the invention has no tool-shaking phenomenon in the processing process, the product surface smoothness is high, the efficiency is improved by 50%, while the existing known numerical control tool has the defects of high noise in the processing process, low product surface smoothness, low efficiency and fast tool loss. In conclusion, the numerical control cutter provided by the embodiment of the invention is obviously superior to the known numerical control cutter in the prior art, is suitable for high-precision machining, can be applied to high-speed fine engraving and high-speed milling, and is particularly suitable for machining of titanium alloy and other heat-resistant alloy materials.
Example two:
the embodiment of the invention provides a manufacturing method of a numerical control cutter, which can be used for processing and manufacturing the numerical control cutter in the first embodiment, and mainly comprises the following steps:
firstly, selecting a tool bit 1 blank, and machining a tool bit connecting groove along the axis direction of the tool bit 1 blank;
step two, processing internal threads in the tool bit connecting groove, wherein the internal threads are matched with the external threads of the tool bit connecting section 2 a;
pouring liquid damping rubber 4 into the tool bit connecting groove, installing the tool bit connecting section 2a into the tool bit connecting groove before the damping rubber 4 is solidified, and ensuring the coaxiality between the tool bit 1 and the connecting piece 2 during installation so that the damping rubber 4 can be uniformly attached between the tool bit 1 and the tool bit connecting section 2 a;
after the damping rubber 4 is solidified, machining a cutting edge on the tool bit 1, and machining a cooling liquid channel in the tool bit 1 and the connecting piece 2, so that the cooling liquid channel is communicated with a cooling liquid outlet distributed on the cutting edge;
and step five, connecting the processed and formed cutter bar 3 to the cutter bar connecting section of the connecting piece 2, so that the conical section 2b of the cutter bar connecting section is matched with the conical connecting part 3a of the cutter bar 3, and the thread section 2c is meshed with the thread meshing part 3b of the cutter bar 3.
In the embodiment of the invention, the cutter bar 3 can be formed by processing an integral hard alloy round bar at one time, the integrity of a hard alloy material is ensured, the characteristics of high hardness and small deformation of the alloy material are fully exerted and amplified, the stability rate of a processed workpiece greatly exceeds the stability of a common steel cutter bar, and the mechanical vibration value is minimum; the length-diameter ratio of the hard alloy anti-seismic cutter bar 3 is large, so that the anti-seismic alloy cutter bar 3 can be more suitable for the high difficulty and high anti-seismic requirements of small-diameter deep hole machining.
For the first embodiment, reference may be made to other technical details and technical effects that are not described in this embodiment.
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and it should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, several modifications and variations can be made without departing from the technical principle of the present invention, and these modifications and variations should also be regarded as the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. A numerical control cutter is characterized by comprising a cutter head, a connecting piece and a cutter bar which are coaxially arranged, wherein the connecting piece comprises a cutter head connecting section and a cutter bar connecting section;
the tool bit connecting section is in threaded connection with the tool bit, and damping rubber is filled between the tool bit connecting section and the tool bit;
the cutter arbor linkage segment includes toper section and screw thread section, the cutter arbor dispose with toper connecting portion with toper section interference fit and with the thread engagement portion that the screw thread section was meshed.
2. The numerical control cutter according to claim 1, wherein a coolant passage penetrating through the cutter bar, the connecting member and the cutter head is further formed in the cutter, and coolant outlets communicated with the coolant passage are distributed on the cutting edge of the cutter head.
3. The numerically controlled cutting tool according to claim 1, wherein the thread configured by the thread segment is a trapezoidal thread.
4. The numerically controlled cutting tool according to claim 1, wherein the cutting head and the shank are made of cemented carbide.
5. The numerically controlled cutting tool according to claim 1, wherein the connecting piece is made of SKD61 steel.
6. The numerical control cutter according to claim 1, wherein the cutter bar is cylindrical, and the length-diameter ratio of the cutter bar is not less than 10.
7. The numerically controlled cutting tool according to claim 1, wherein the tool bit connecting section, the tapered section and the threaded section are an integral structure connected in sequence.
8. A method for manufacturing a numerical control cutter according to any one of claims 1 to 7, comprising the steps of:
selecting a tool bit blank, and machining a tool bit connecting groove along the axial direction of the tool bit blank;
processing an internal thread in the tool bit connecting groove, wherein the internal thread is matched with an external thread of the tool bit connecting section;
pouring liquid shock absorption glue into the tool bit connecting groove, and installing the tool bit connecting section in the tool bit connecting groove before the shock absorption glue is solidified;
after the damping rubber is solidified, machining a cutting edge at the end part of the cutter head, and machining a cooling liquid channel in the cutter head and the connecting piece so that the cooling liquid channel is communicated with a cooling liquid outlet distributed on the cutting edge;
and connecting the processed and formed cutter bar to the cutter bar connecting section of the connecting piece, so that the conical section of the cutter bar connecting section is matched with the conical connecting part of the cutter bar, and the thread section is meshed with the thread meshing part of the cutter bar.
9. The manufacturing method of the numerical control cutter according to claim 8, wherein the cutter bar is formed by machining a whole hard alloy round bar.
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CN211489818U (en) * | 2019-12-31 | 2020-09-15 | 苏州思玺机电有限公司 | Antidetonation type cutter |
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WO2006136361A1 (en) * | 2005-06-20 | 2006-12-28 | Mapal Fabrik Für Präzisionswerkzeuge Dr Kress Kg | Valve seat and valve guide machining tool |
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CN104349858A (en) * | 2012-05-29 | 2015-02-11 | 弗兰茨海莫机械制造两合公司 | Tool receptacle for a screw-in tool |
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