CN112260726B - Signal detection method and device, electronic equipment and readable storage medium - Google Patents
Signal detection method and device, electronic equipment and readable storage medium Download PDFInfo
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04B—TRANSMISSION
- H04B7/00—Radio transmission systems, i.e. using radiation field
- H04B7/02—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas
- H04B7/04—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas
- H04B7/0413—MIMO systems
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- H—ELECTRICITY
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- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L27/00—Modulated-carrier systems
- H04L27/26—Systems using multi-frequency codes
- H04L27/2601—Multicarrier modulation systems
- H04L27/2647—Arrangements specific to the receiver only
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L27/00—Modulated-carrier systems
- H04L27/32—Carrier systems characterised by combinations of two or more of the types covered by groups H04L27/02, H04L27/10, H04L27/18 or H04L27/26
- H04L27/34—Amplitude- and phase-modulated carrier systems, e.g. quadrature-amplitude modulated carrier systems
- H04L27/345—Modifications of the signal space to allow the transmission of additional information
- H04L27/3461—Modifications of the signal space to allow the transmission of additional information in order to transmit a subchannel
- H04L27/3483—Modifications of the signal space to allow the transmission of additional information in order to transmit a subchannel using a modulation of the constellation points
Abstract
The invention provides a signal detection method and device, electronic equipment and a readable storage medium, wherein the signal detection method comprises the following steps: detecting the received modulation signal to obtain a first solution of a target transmission layer; determining an initial estimation constellation point of a target transmission layer according to the first solution and the first constellation diagram; determining a channel condition metric of the target transmission layer according to the first solution and the initial estimation constellation point; determining a size of a second constellation of the target transmission layer according to the channel condition metric; determining a second constellation according to the initial estimated constellation point and the size of the second constellation; and detecting the received modulation signal based on the second constellation diagram to obtain a second solution of the target transmission layer. The invention can reduce the realization complexity of the maximum likelihood detection algorithm and simultaneously obtain better detection performance.
Description
Technical Field
The present invention relates to the field of wireless communications, and in particular, to a signal detection method and apparatus, an electronic device, and a readable storage medium.
Background
The increased demand for data transmission in wireless communication systems has led to an increased demand for higher throughput systems. Higher order modulation and/or MIMO techniques may address the need for high throughput. For example, the third generation partnership project (3GPP) group has adopted 256QAM signals in LTE Release 12 to increase system throughput, and the Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE) has also adopted 1024QAM in the 802.11ax standard to further increase throughput.
The MIMO (Multiple-Input Multiple-Output) technology is to use Multiple transmitting antennas and Multiple receiving antennas at a transmitting end and a receiving end, and the starting point is to improve the transmission quality or the transmission rate of a wireless communication system by using Multiple inputs and Multiple outputs. The MIMO technology substantially provides spatial multiplexing gain and spatial diversity gain for the system, the spatial multiplexing technology can multiply the channel capacity, and the spatial diversity can greatly improve the channel reliability and reduce the transmission error rate.
The MIMO signal detection algorithm is one of the core technologies of the MIMO system, and the conventional detection algorithms can be divided into two categories, namely a linear detection algorithm and a nonlinear detection algorithm:
1) the linear detection algorithm comprises a Zero Forcing (ZF) detection algorithm, a Minimum Mean Square Error (MMSE) detection algorithm and the like;
2) the non-linear detection algorithm includes an ml (maximum likelihood) detection algorithm (a detection algorithm based on a maximum likelihood criterion, also called a maximum likelihood detection algorithm).
Among them, the ML detection algorithm is the best performance detection algorithm. The linear detection algorithm has low calculation complexity but low accuracy, and particularly for high-order modulation signals, the performance of the linear detection algorithm is greatly different from that of the optimal detection algorithm; the ML detection algorithm has high accuracy, but for high-order modulation, the computational complexity is extremely high, and the computational complexity exponentially increases with the number of transmission layers and the modulation order.
Taking the MIMO system with 4 transmission layers and 256QAM modulation order as an example, the total number of ideal ML searches is 2564Again, this is not feasible for implementation.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a signal detection method and device, electronic equipment and a readable storage medium, which are used for solving the problem of overhigh calculation complexity when nonlinear detection algorithms such as maximum likelihood detection and the like detect high-order modulation signals.
The technical scheme provided by the invention is as follows:
a method of signal detection, comprising: detecting the received modulation signal to obtain a first solution of a target transmission layer; determining an initial estimation constellation point of the target transmission layer according to the first solution and a first constellation diagram of the target transmission layer; determining a channel condition metric of the target transmission layer according to the first solution and the initial estimated constellation point; determining a size of a second constellation of the target transmission layer according to the channel condition metric; determining the second constellation according to the initial estimated constellation points and the size of the second constellation; and detecting the modulation signal based on the second constellation diagram to obtain a second solution of the target transmission layer.
Further, an initial estimated constellation point of the target transmission layer is determined according to the following formula
Wherein s isestFor the first solution, S is the set of all constellation points of the first constellation, SiIs the ith constellation point in S, | | | | | non-woven phosphor2Representing the square of the two norms.
Further, the determining the second constellation of the target transmission layer according to the initial estimated constellation point includes: determining an I way subscript range of the second constellation according to the I way component of the initial estimation constellation point; determining a Q path subscript range of the second constellation according to the Q path components of the initial estimation constellation points; and determining the second constellation diagram according to the I path subscript range and the Q path subscript range.
Further, the determining the I-way index range of the second constellation according to the I-way component of the initial estimated constellation point includes:
when the I-way component of the initial estimation constellation point is located in the first central region of the first constellation map, determining an I-way subscript range of the second constellation map by taking the I-way component of the initial estimation constellation point as a center; and/or, when the I-way component of the initial estimated constellation point is located in the first left region of the first constellation, determining an I-way subscript range of the second constellation from the leftmost of the first constellation to the right; and/or when the I-way component of the initial estimation constellation point is located in the first right region of the first constellation map, determining the I-way subscript range of the second constellation map from the rightmost side of the first constellation map to the left.
Further, the determining the Q way index range of the second constellation according to the Q way component of the initial estimation constellation point includes: when the Q path component of the initial estimation constellation point is located in the second central region of the first constellation map, determining a Q path subscript range of the second constellation map by taking the Q path component of the initial estimation constellation point as a center; and/or when the Q-way component of the initial estimation constellation point is located in the second upper region of the first constellation, determining a Q-way subscript range of the second constellation from the uppermost edge of the first constellation; and/or when the Q path component of the initial estimation constellation point is located in the second lower edge region of the first constellation diagram, determining the Q path subscript range of the second constellation diagram from the lowest edge of the first constellation diagram to the upper edge.
Further, a channel condition metric of the target transport layer is determined according to the following formula:
wherein s isestIn order to be the first solution,
and estimating the constellation points for the initial estimation.
Further, the determining the size of the second constellation of the target transmission layer according to the channel condition metric includes: when the channel condition metric is smaller than a first channel threshold, the size of the second constellation diagram is a first preset value; otherwise, the size of the second constellation diagram is a second preset value; the first preset value is smaller than the second preset value.
The present invention also provides a signal detection apparatus, comprising: the first detection module is used for detecting the received modulation signal to obtain a first solution of a target transmission layer; an initial constellation point determination module, configured to determine an initial estimated constellation point of the target transmission layer according to the first solution and a first constellation of the target transmission layer; a second constellation determination module, configured to determine a channel condition metric of the target transmission layer according to the first solution and the initial estimated constellation point; determining a size of a second constellation of the target transmission layer according to the channel condition metric; determining the second constellation according to the initial estimated constellation points and the size of the second constellation; and the second detection module is used for detecting the modulation signal based on the second constellation diagram to obtain a second solution of the target transmission layer.
The present invention also provides an electronic device comprising: a memory for storing a computer program; a processor for implementing the signal detection method of any preceding claim when running the computer program.
The invention also provides a computer-readable storage medium, on which a computer program is stored, which computer program, when being executed by a processor, carries out the steps of the signal detection method as described above.
The signal detection method and device, the electronic device and the readable storage medium provided by the invention can at least bring the following beneficial effects: aiming at a transmission layer adopting a high-order modulation mode, the invention not only searches a second signal detection algorithm such as ML based on the second constellation diagram after dimension reduction, but also dynamically adjusts the size of the second constellation diagram according to the channel condition, and further reduces the size of the second constellation diagram when the channel condition is good, thereby further reducing the search complexity; meanwhile, an initial estimation constellation point is determined through a first signal detection algorithm such as MMSE (minimum mean square error) and the like, and then a second constellation diagram is determined according to the initial estimation constellation point, so that the detection accuracy under the search of the ML partial constellation points is ensured.
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The above features, technical features, advantages and implementations of a signal detection method and apparatus, an electronic device, and a readable storage medium will be further described in the following detailed description of preferred embodiments with reference to the accompanying drawings.
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of one embodiment of a signal detection method of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a signal detection device according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of an embodiment of an electronic device of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of a second constellation;
fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of the I-way region division in the first constellation;
fig. 6 is a schematic diagram of Q-way region division in the first constellation.
The reference numbers illustrate:
100. a first detection module, 200, an initial constellation point determination module, 300, a second constellation determination module, 400, a second detection module, 20, an electronic device, 30, a memory, 40, a processor, 50, a computer program.
Detailed Description
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the following description will be made with reference to the accompanying drawings. It is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some examples of the invention, and that for a person skilled in the art, other drawings and embodiments can be derived from them without inventive effort.
For the sake of simplicity, the drawings only schematically show the parts relevant to the present invention, and they do not represent the actual structure as a product. In addition, in order to make the drawings concise and understandable, components having the same structure or function in some of the drawings are only schematically depicted, or only one of them is labeled. In this document, "one" means not only "only one" but also a case of "more than one".
In one embodiment of the present invention, as shown in fig. 1, a signal detection method includes:
step S100, detecting the received modulation signal by adopting a first signal detection algorithm, outputting a first detection signal, and obtaining a first solution of a target transmission layer according to the first detection signal;
step S200 determines an initial estimated constellation point of the target transmission layer according to the first solution and the first constellation of the target transmission layer.
Specifically, the first signal detection algorithm is a linear detection algorithm, and the second signal detection algorithm is a non-linear detection algorithm. The linear detection algorithm may be a Zero Forcing (ZF) detection algorithm, a minimum mean square error detection algorithm. The second signal detection algorithm may be a maximum likelihood detection algorithm, a sphere decoding detection algorithm.
The transmission layers may use different modulation schemes, such as 16QAM, 64QAM, 256QAM, etc. Each modulation mode corresponds to a constellation diagram, which is called a first constellation diagram.
Since the first signal detection algorithm has low accuracy, the second signal detection algorithm is usually used for detection. A second detection algorithm, such as an ML detection algorithm, detects the modulated signal based on the first constellation. Because the dimensionality of the first constellation diagram of the high-order modulation is large, the computation complexity of the ML detection algorithm is very high, so that the dimensionality reduction of the first constellation diagram of the high-order modulation is necessary to obtain a second constellation diagram, and the ML detection is performed based on the second constellation diagram, so that the computation complexity is reduced. For low order modulation, such as 64QAM, the computational complexity is acceptable and the ML detection algorithm can be used for detection based directly on the first constellation. Therefore, it is necessary to determine a target transmission layer, and perform joint detection on the target transmission layer by using a joint detection algorithm, that is, a first signal detection algorithm and a second signal detection algorithm based on a second constellation diagram, so as to reduce the computational complexity of the second signal detection algorithm while obtaining better performance.
Optionally, the target transmission layer is a transmission layer with a modulation order greater than a preset threshold. For example, the preset threshold is set to 64, and if the modulation order of 256QAM is greater than 64, the transmission layer with the modulation scheme of 256QAM is the target transmission layer.
The joint detection algorithm specifically comprises:
and detecting the received modulation signal by adopting a first signal detection algorithm to obtain a first detection signal. A first solution of the target transport layer is obtained based on the first detection signal.
The first detection signal is composed of the solutions of the respective transport layers. Wherein the first solution of the target transport layer is a solution of the corresponding transport layer obtained according to a first signal detection algorithm.
Determining an initial estimated constellation point for a target transmission layer according to the following formula
Wherein s isestIs the first solution of the target transmission layer, S is the set of all constellation points of the first constellation diagram, SiIs the ith constellation point in S, | | | | | non-woven phosphor2Representing the square of the two norms.
Step S310, according to the first solution and the initial estimation constellation point, determining the channel condition measurement of the target transmission layer;
step S320 determines the size of the second constellation of the target transmission layer according to the channel condition metric;
step S330 determines the second constellation according to the initial estimated constellation point and the size of the second constellation.
Specifically, the channel condition metric of the target transport layer is determined according to the following formula:
wherein s isestIn order to obtain the first solution, the method comprises the following steps of,
the constellation points are initially estimated.
Determining a size of a second constellation of the target transmission layer based on the channel condition metric, comprising:
when the channel condition metric is smaller than the first channel threshold, the channel condition is good, and the size of the second constellation diagram is a first preset value; otherwise, the channel condition is poor, and the size of the second constellation diagram is a second preset value; the first preset value is smaller than the second preset value, and the first preset value and the second preset value are both smaller than the size of the first constellation diagram.
And determining the second constellation diagram according to the initial estimated constellation point and the size of the second constellation diagram.
Optionally, determining an I-way subscript range of the second constellation according to the I-way component of the initial estimation constellation point; determining a Q path subscript range of a second constellation according to the Q path components of the initial estimation constellation points; and determining a second constellation diagram according to the I path subscript range and the Q path subscript range.
Determining an I-way index range of a second constellation according to the I-way component of the initial estimation constellation point, including: and when the I path component of the initial estimation constellation point is positioned in the first central region of the first constellation diagram, determining the I path subscript range of the second constellation diagram by taking the I path component of the initial estimation constellation point as the center.
When the I-way component of the initial estimated constellation point is located in the first left region of the first constellation diagram, the I-way index range of the second constellation diagram is determined from the leftmost side of the first constellation diagram to the right.
And when the I path component of the initial estimation constellation point is positioned in the first right area of the first constellation diagram, determining the I path subscript range of the second constellation diagram from the rightmost side of the first constellation diagram to the left.
Determining a Q-way index range of a second constellation according to the Q-way components of the initial estimated constellation points, including:
and when the Q path component of the initial estimation constellation point is positioned in the second central area of the first constellation diagram, determining the Q path subscript range of the second constellation diagram by taking the Q path component of the initial estimation constellation point as the center.
And when the Q path component of the initial estimation constellation point is positioned in the second upper edge region of the first constellation diagram, determining the Q path index range of the second constellation diagram from the uppermost edge of the first constellation diagram downwards.
And when the Q path component of the initial estimation constellation point is positioned in the second lower edge region of the first constellation diagram, determining the Q path subscript range of the second constellation diagram from the lowest edge of the first constellation diagram to the upper edge.
Step S400 detects the modulated signal by using a second signal detection algorithm based on the second constellation diagram, to obtain a second solution of the target transmission layer.
Specifically, based on the second constellation diagram, a second signal detection algorithm is adopted to detect the received modulation signal of the target transmission layer, so as to obtain a second solution of the target transmission layer. Wherein the second solution of the target transport layer is a solution of the corresponding transport layer obtained according to a second signal detection algorithm.
And judging whether the transmission layer belongs to the target transmission layer or not according to the modulation mode of each transmission layer. And processing the target transmission layer in the manner to obtain a corresponding second solution. And aiming at the non-target transmission layer, directly detecting according to a second signal detection algorithm based on the first constellation diagram to obtain a corresponding second solution.
And obtaining a second detection signal according to the second solutions of all the transmission layers. The second detection signal is a detection result obtained by detecting the received modulation signal by using the joint detection algorithm provided in this embodiment.
Because the dimensionality of the second constellation diagram is smaller than that of the first constellation diagram, and the second detection algorithm searches based on the second constellation diagram, the searching times are greatly reduced, and the implementation complexity of the second detection algorithm is reduced.
In this embodiment, for a transmission layer adopting a high-order modulation mode, not only the search of the second signal detection algorithm such as ML is performed based on the second constellation after the dimension reduction, but also the size of the second constellation is dynamically adjusted according to the channel condition, and when the channel condition is good, the size of the second constellation is further reduced, thereby further reducing the search complexity; meanwhile, an initial estimation constellation point is determined through a first signal detection algorithm such as MMSE (minimum mean square error) and the like, and then a second constellation diagram is determined according to the initial estimation constellation point, so that the detection accuracy under the search of the ML partial constellation points is ensured.
In one embodiment of the present invention, as shown in fig. 2, a signal detection apparatus includes:
a first detection module 100, configured to detect a received modulation signal by using a first signal detection algorithm, output a first detection signal, and obtain a first solution of a target transport layer according to the first detection signal;
an initial constellation point determining module 200, configured to determine an initial estimated constellation point of the target transmission layer according to the first solution and the first constellation of the target transmission layer.
Specifically, the first signal detection algorithm is a linear detection algorithm, and the second signal detection algorithm is a non-linear detection algorithm. The linear detection algorithm may be a Zero Forcing (ZF) detection algorithm, a minimum mean square error detection algorithm. The second signal detection algorithm may be a maximum likelihood detection algorithm, a sphere decoding detection algorithm.
The transmission layers may use different modulation schemes, such as 16QAM, 64QAM, 256QAM, etc. Each modulation mode corresponds to a constellation diagram, which is called a first constellation diagram.
Since the first signal detection algorithm has low accuracy, the second signal detection algorithm is usually used for detection. A second detection algorithm, such as an ML detection algorithm, typically detects the modulated signal based on the first constellation. Because the dimensionality of the first constellation diagram of the high-order modulation is large, the computation complexity of the ML detection algorithm is very high, so that the dimensionality reduction of the first constellation diagram of the high-order modulation is necessary to obtain a second constellation diagram, and the ML detection is performed based on the second constellation diagram, so that the computation complexity is reduced. For low order modulation, such as 64QAM, the computational complexity is acceptable and the ML detection algorithm can be used for detection based directly on the first constellation. Therefore, it is necessary to determine a target transmission layer, and perform joint detection on the target transmission layer by using a joint detection algorithm, that is, a first signal detection algorithm and a second signal detection algorithm based on a second constellation diagram, so as to reduce the computational complexity of the second signal detection algorithm while obtaining better performance.
Optionally, the target transmission layer is a transmission layer with a modulation order greater than a preset threshold.
The joint detection algorithm specifically comprises:
and detecting the received modulation signal by adopting a first signal detection algorithm to obtain a first detection signal. A first solution of the target transport layer is obtained based on the first detection signal.
The first detection signal is composed of the solutions of the respective transport layers. Wherein the first solution of the target transport layer is a solution of the corresponding transport layer obtained according to a first signal detection algorithm.
Determining an initial estimated constellation point for a target transmission layer according to the following formula
Wherein s isestIs the first solution of the target transmission layer, S is the set of all constellation points of the first constellation diagram, SiIs the ith constellation point in S, | | | | | non-woven phosphor2Representing the square of the two norms.
A second constellation determination module 300, configured to determine a channel condition metric of the target transmission layer according to the first solution and the initial estimated constellation point; determining the size of a second constellation diagram of the target transmission layer according to the channel condition measurement; and determining the second constellation diagram according to the initial estimated constellation point and the size of the second constellation diagram.
Specifically, the channel condition metric of the target transport layer is determined according to the following formula:
wherein s isestIn order to obtain the first solution, the method comprises the following steps of,
the constellation points are initially estimated.
Determining a size of a second constellation of the target transmission layer based on the channel condition metric, comprising:
when the channel condition metric is smaller than the first channel threshold, the channel condition is good, and the size of the second constellation diagram is a first preset value; otherwise, the channel condition is poor, and the size of the second constellation diagram is a second preset value; the first preset value is smaller than the second preset value, and the first preset value and the second preset value are both smaller than the size of the first constellation diagram.
And determining the second constellation diagram according to the initial estimated constellation point and the size of the second constellation diagram.
Optionally, determining an I-way subscript range of the second constellation according to the I-way component of the initial estimation constellation point; determining a Q path subscript range of a second constellation according to the Q path components of the initial estimation constellation points; and determining a second constellation diagram according to the I path subscript range and the Q path subscript range.
Determining an I-way index range of a second constellation according to the I-way component of the initial estimation constellation point, including: and when the I path component of the initial estimation constellation point is positioned in the first central region of the first constellation diagram, determining the I path subscript range of the second constellation diagram by taking the I path component of the initial estimation constellation point as the center.
When the I-way component of the initial estimated constellation point is located in the first left region of the first constellation diagram, the I-way index range of the second constellation diagram is determined from the leftmost side of the first constellation diagram to the right.
And when the I path component of the initial estimation constellation point is positioned in the first right area of the first constellation diagram, determining the I path subscript range of the second constellation diagram from the rightmost side of the first constellation diagram to the left.
Determining a Q-way index range of a second constellation according to the Q-way components of the initial estimated constellation points, including:
and when the Q path component of the initial estimation constellation point is positioned in the second central area of the first constellation diagram, determining the Q path subscript range of the second constellation diagram by taking the Q path component of the initial estimation constellation point as the center.
And when the Q path component of the initial estimation constellation point is positioned in the second upper edge region of the first constellation diagram, determining the Q path index range of the second constellation diagram from the uppermost edge of the first constellation diagram downwards.
And when the Q path component of the initial estimation constellation point is positioned in the second lower edge region of the first constellation diagram, determining the Q path subscript range of the second constellation diagram from the lowest edge of the first constellation diagram to the upper edge.
A second detecting module 400, configured to detect the modulated signal by using a second signal detection algorithm based on the second constellation diagram, so as to obtain a second solution of the target transport layer.
Specifically, based on the second constellation diagram, a second signal detection algorithm is adopted to detect the received modulation signal of the target transmission layer, so as to obtain a second solution of the target transmission layer. Wherein the second solution of the target transport layer is a solution of the corresponding transport layer obtained according to a second signal detection algorithm.
And judging whether the transmission layer belongs to the target transmission layer or not according to the modulation mode of each transmission layer. And processing the target transmission layer in the manner to obtain a corresponding second solution. And aiming at the non-target transmission layer, directly detecting according to a second signal detection algorithm based on the first constellation diagram to obtain a corresponding second solution.
And obtaining a second detection signal according to the second solutions of all the transmission layers. The second detection signal is a detection result obtained by detecting the received modulation signal by using the joint detection algorithm provided in this embodiment.
Because the dimensionality of the second constellation diagram is smaller than that of the first constellation diagram, and the second detection algorithm searches based on the second constellation diagram, the searching times are greatly reduced, and the implementation complexity of the second detection algorithm is reduced.
In this embodiment, for a transmission layer adopting a high-order modulation mode, not only the search of the second signal detection algorithm such as ML is performed based on the second constellation after the dimension reduction, but also the size of the second constellation is dynamically adjusted according to the channel condition, and when the channel condition is good, the size of the second constellation is further reduced, thereby further reducing the search complexity; meanwhile, an initial estimation constellation point is determined through a first signal detection algorithm such as MMSE (minimum mean square error) and the like, and then a second constellation diagram is determined according to the initial estimation constellation point, so that the detection accuracy under the search of the ML partial constellation points is ensured.
It should be noted that the embodiment of the signal detection apparatus provided by the present invention and the embodiment of the signal detection method provided by the foregoing embodiments are based on the same inventive concept, and can achieve the same technical effects. Therefore, other specific contents of the embodiments of the signal detection apparatus can refer to the description of the embodiments of the signal detection method.
The invention also provides a specific implementation scenario example, and the signal detection method and the signal detection device provided by the invention are applied to the detection of the MIMO channel of the LTE system. The method comprises the following specific steps:
the number of receiving antennas is NrThe number of transmitting antennas is NtThe model of the MIMO wireless communication system of (a) is:
y＝Hs+n
wherein the content of the first and second substances,
is a received signal vector of dimension Nr×1；
Is a vector of transmitted signals, the dimension being Nt×1；
Is a receive antenna noise vector of dimension NrThe elements in x 1, n are independently distributed with mean 0 and variance σ2Complex gaussian random variables;
is a channel matrix with dimension Nr×NtWherein each element hijRepresenting the channel fading coefficient between the receive antenna i and the transmit antenna j.
With Nr＝4，NtIn the MIMO system of 4, the transmission layer is 4 layers, for example, and the system model is:
the modulation scheme may be different for each transport layer. Suppose a transport layer s0If the modulation mode (i.e., layer 0) is 256QAM, the number of constellation points corresponding to the constellation diagram (i.e., the first constellation diagram) is 16 × 16; the number of constellation points of the second constellation is preset to be 9 × 9.
Transport layer s0The detection process comprises the following steps:
step 1, obtaining a first detection signal by using an MMSE detection algorithm (namely, a first signal detection algorithm)
Wherein HHRepresents the conjugate transpose of the channel estimation matrix H,
represents Nt×NtThe unit matrix of (a) is obtained,
y is the received signal (i.e., the received modulated signal).
Step 3, according to the first solution
Determining a transport layer s0The initial estimated constellation points.
The transport layer s is found according to the following formula0Initial estimated constellation points of
Wherein S is256Is a transport layer s0Of the first constellation (constellation of 256 QAM) of the first constellation,
is a transmission layer s0I th constellation point, | | | | non-calculation2Representing squaring the two norms.
Step 4, calculating a current channel condition metric:
step 5, according to the current channel condition metric, determining the size C of the second constellation:
6, estimating constellation points according to the initial
A second constellation with size C is determined.
Next, a method of determining the second constellation will be described by taking C as an example of 9 × 9. When C is 7 × 7, the processing method is similar, and only the specific threshold needs to be adjusted, so that the corresponding processing method is not repeated here.
The meaning of the symbols is explained first: real () represents the real part of the complex number, imag () represents the imaginary part of the complex number, Irang represents the I-way subscript range of the rectangular constellation point set, Qrang represents the Q-way subscript range of the rectangular constellation point set, and [ start: step: end ] represents a series of values beginning with start, stepping with step, and ending with end.
The method comprises the following specific steps:
when in use
Show that
When the I-way component of (a) is located in a first right region of the first constellation (i.e., the initial estimated constellation point is close to the right edge of the first constellation), then the I-way subscript range of the second constellation is determined from the rightmost side of the first constellation to the left as:
when in use
Show that
When the I-way component of (a) is located in a first left region of the first constellation (i.e., the initial estimated constellation point is close to the left edge of the first constellation), then the I-way index range of the second constellation is determined from the leftmost side of the first constellation to the right as:
when in use
Show that
When the I-path component is located in the first central region of the first constellation diagram, the first constellation diagram is obtained
Determining the I way subscript range of the second constellation diagram as the center by using the I way component as:
when in use
Show that
When the Q-way component of (a) is located in the second upper region of the first constellation (i.e., the initial estimated constellation point is close to the upper edge of the first constellation), then the Q-way index range of the second constellation is determined from the top edge of the first constellation to the bottom:
when in use
Show that
When the Q-way component of (a) is located in a second lower region of the first constellation (i.e., the initial estimated constellation point is close to the lower edge of the first constellation), then a Q-way subscript range of the second constellation is determined from the lowest edge of the first constellation to the upper sideComprises the following steps:
when in use
Show that
When the Q-path component is located in the second central region of the first constellation diagram, the Q-path component is determined by
Determining the Q path subscript range of the second constellation diagram as the center:
the corresponding pseudo-code is as follows:
the basic principle for constructing the second constellation diagram is that if the initial estimation constellation point is located at the center of the first constellation diagram, the second constellation diagram is determined by taking the initial estimation constellation point as the center; if the initial estimation constellation point is located at the edge of the first constellation diagram, and the second constellation diagram cannot be obtained by taking the initial estimation constellation point as the center, the initial estimation constellation point is no longer required to be located at the center of the constellation diagram, but the edge where the initial estimation constellation point is located is taken as one edge, and the second constellation diagram is determined.
As an example, fig. 4 shows two cases of the second constellation: one is initially estimating constellation points
In a central example, the other is
Example at edge, where 1 is when
Is positioned at the edge,
When the channel condition is poor, a second constellation diagram is obtained; 2 is when
Is positioned at the center,
And when the position is in the center and the channel condition is good, obtaining a second constellation diagram.
The first left region, the first center region and the first right region of the first constellation are shown in fig. 5, and the regions of the first constellation are divided on the I axis.
The second upper region, the second central region, and the second lower region of the first constellation are, as shown in fig. 6, regions of the first constellation are divided on the Q axis.
Fig. 5 and 6 are only schematic diagrams, and in this embodiment, the division of the regions is performed based on the first constellation diagram 16 × 16 and the second constellation diagram 9 × 9, and if the dimension of the first constellation diagram or the second constellation diagram changes, the corresponding region boundary is also adjusted accordingly.
Step 7, based on the second constellation diagram, adopting a maximum likelihood detection algorithm to the transmission layer s0Is detected to obtain a transmission layer s0The second solution of (1).
Traversing all constellation points in a second constellation diagram (namely a 9 multiplied by 9 rectangular range), and calculating corresponding Euclidean distances; calculating a transmission layer s according to the calculated Euclidean distance0A log-likelihood ratio (LLR) value for each bit; deriving the transport layer s from the LLR values of all bits0The second solution of (1).
Other transmission layers, if they are also high-order modulation (such as 256QAM and modulation method above it), can be referred to as transmission layer s respectively0LikeAnd (6) processing. If some transmission layers have lower modulation orders, such as 64QAM, the transmission layer may directly perform maximum likelihood detection based on the first constellation, that is, the first constellation is used as the second constellation, and the step 7 is directly performed.
The size of the second constellation of each transmission layer may be set according to an actual modulation order, for example, 256QAM corresponds to a 9 × 9 second constellation, 1024QAM corresponds to a 13 × 13 second constellation, and so on.
And combining to obtain a second detection signal corresponding to the received signal y according to a second solution obtained by all the transmission layers based on the maximum likelihood detection.
When the transmission layer belongs to high-order modulation M-QAM (such as M-256,1024), by only making ML search of partial constellation points and dynamically adjusting the size of the second constellation diagram according to the channel condition, when the channel condition is good, a smaller value is selected, and when the channel condition is poor, a larger value is selected; this further reduces the complexity of the ML search relative to the way the size of the second constellation is fixed (usually a larger value is chosen for performance).
In this embodiment, on the premise of ensuring the detection accuracy under the ML partial constellation point search, the size of the second constellation is dynamically adjusted according to the channel condition, thereby further reducing the complexity of the ML search.
One embodiment of the invention, as shown in FIG. 3, a computer device 20 includes a memory 30, a processor 40; the memory 30 for storing a computer program 50; the processor 40 is configured to implement the signal detection method of any of the foregoing embodiments when the computer program 50 is executed.
As an example, the processor 40 realizes the steps S100 to S600 according to the foregoing description when executing the computer program. Further, the processor 40 implements the functions of each module and unit in the signal detection device described above when executing the computer program. As yet another example, the processor 40, when executing the computer program, functions of the first detection module 100, the initial constellation point determination module 200, the second constellation determination module 300, and the second detection module 400.
Alternatively, the computer program may be divided into one or more modules/units according to the particular needs to accomplish the invention. Each module/unit may be a series of computer program instruction segments capable of performing a particular function. The computer program instruction segment is used for describing the execution process of the computer program in the signal detection device. As an example, the computer program may be divided into modules/units in a virtual device, such as the first detection module 100, the initial constellation point determination module 200, the second constellation determination module 300, and the second detection module 400.
The processor is configured to implement the adjustment of the paging cycle by executing the computer program. The processor may be a Central Processing Unit (CPU), Graphics Processing Unit (GPU), Digital Signal Processor (DSP), Application Specific Integrated Circuit (ASIC), Field Programmable Gate Array (FPGA), general purpose processor or other logic device, etc., as desired.
The memory may be any internal storage unit and/or external storage device capable of implementing data, program storage. For example, the memory may be a plug-in hard disk, a smart card (SMC), a Secure Digital (SD) card, or a flash card. The memory is used for storing computer programs, other programs and data of the signal detection device.
The computer device 20 may further include an input/output device, a display device, a network access device, a bus, etc., as required.
In an embodiment of the present invention, a computer-readable storage medium, on which a computer program is stored, which, when being executed by a processor, is able to implement the signal detection method as set forth in the preceding embodiment. That is, when part or all of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention contributing to the prior art are embodied by means of a computer software product, the computer software product is stored in a computer-readable storage medium. The computer readable storage medium can be any portable computer program code entity apparatus or device. For example, the computer readable storage medium may be a U disk, a removable magnetic disk, a magnetic diskette, an optical disk, a computer memory, a read-only memory, a random access memory, etc.
It should be noted that the above embodiments can be freely combined as necessary. The foregoing is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and it should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, various modifications and decorations can be made without departing from the principle of the present invention, and these modifications and decorations should also be regarded as the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. A method of signal detection, comprising:
detecting the received modulation signal by adopting a first signal detection algorithm to obtain a first solution of a target transmission layer; the first signal detection algorithm is a linear detection algorithm;
determining an initial estimation constellation point of the target transmission layer according to the first solution and a first constellation diagram of the target transmission layer;
determining a channel condition metric of the target transmission layer according to the first solution and the initial estimated constellation point;
determining a size of a second constellation of the target transmission layer according to the channel condition metric;
determining a second constellation diagram of the target transmission layer according to the initial estimated constellation points and the size of the second constellation diagram;
detecting the modulation signal by adopting a second signal detection algorithm based on the second constellation diagram to obtain a second solution of the target transmission layer; the second signal detection algorithm is a non-linear detection algorithm;
determining a channel condition metric of the target transport layer according to the following formula:
wherein s isestIn order to be the first solution,
is a stand forThe initial estimated constellation points.
2. The signal detection method according to claim 1, characterized in that:
determining an initial estimated constellation point for a target transmission layer according to the following formula
Wherein s isestFor the first solution, S is the set of all constellation points of the first constellation, SiIs the ith constellation point in S, | | | | | non-woven phosphor2Representing the square of the two norms.
3. The signal detection method of claim 1, wherein the determining the second constellation of the target transmission layer according to the initial estimated constellation point comprises:
determining an I way subscript range of the second constellation according to the I way component of the initial estimation constellation point;
determining a Q path subscript range of the second constellation according to the Q path components of the initial estimation constellation points;
and determining the second constellation diagram according to the I path subscript range and the Q path subscript range.
4. The method according to claim 3, wherein said determining the range of I-way indices of the second constellation from the I-way component of the initial estimated constellation point comprises:
when the I-way component of the initial estimation constellation point is located in the first central region of the first constellation map, determining an I-way subscript range of the second constellation map by taking the I-way component of the initial estimation constellation point as a center;
and/or the presence of a gas in the gas,
when the I-way component of the initial estimation constellation point is located in the first left region of the first constellation diagram, determining an I-way subscript range of the second constellation diagram from the leftmost side of the first constellation diagram to the right;
and/or the presence of a gas in the gas,
and when the I path component of the initial estimation constellation point is located in the first right area of the first constellation diagram, determining the I path subscript range of the second constellation diagram from the rightmost side of the first constellation diagram to the left.
5. The method according to claim 3, wherein said determining the range of Q-way indices of the second constellation from the Q-way components of the initial estimated constellation point comprises:
when the Q path component of the initial estimation constellation point is located in the second central region of the first constellation map, determining a Q path subscript range of the second constellation map by taking the Q path component of the initial estimation constellation point as a center;
and/or the presence of a gas in the gas,
when the Q path component of the initial estimation constellation point is located in a second upper edge region of the first constellation diagram, determining a Q path subscript range of the second constellation diagram from the uppermost edge of the first constellation diagram;
and/or the presence of a gas in the gas,
and when the Q path component of the initial estimation constellation point is located in the second lower edge region of the first constellation diagram, determining the Q path subscript range of the second constellation diagram from the lowest edge of the first constellation diagram to the upper edge.
6. The signal detection method of claim 1, wherein the determining the size of the second constellation of the target transmission layer according to the channel condition metric comprises:
when the channel condition metric is smaller than a first channel threshold, the size of the second constellation diagram is a first preset value; otherwise, the size of the second constellation diagram is a second preset value; the first preset value is smaller than the second preset value.
7. A signal detection device, comprising:
the first detection module is used for detecting the received modulation signal by adopting a first signal detection algorithm to obtain a first solution of a target transmission layer; the first signal detection algorithm is a linear detection algorithm;
an initial constellation point determination module, configured to determine an initial estimated constellation point of the target transmission layer according to the first solution and a first constellation of the target transmission layer;
a second constellation determination module, configured to determine a channel condition metric of the target transmission layer according to the first solution and the initial estimated constellation point; determining a size of a second constellation of the target transmission layer according to the channel condition metric; determining a second constellation diagram of the target transmission layer according to the initial estimated constellation points and the size of the second constellation diagram;
a second detection module, configured to detect the modulation signal by using a second signal detection algorithm based on the second constellation diagram, so as to obtain a second solution of the target transmission layer; the second signal detection algorithm is a non-linear detection algorithm;
the second constellation determination module determines a channel condition metric of the target transport layer according to the following formula:
wherein s isestIn order to be the first solution,
and estimating the constellation points for the initial estimation.
8. An electronic device, comprising:
a memory for storing a computer program;
a processor for implementing the signal detection method of any one of claims 1 to 6 when running the computer program.
9. A computer-readable storage medium, on which a computer program is stored, which, when being executed by a processor, carries out the steps of the signal detection method according to any one of claims 1 to 6.
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