CN112260699A - Attribute communication coding and decoding method, coding device, decoding device and system - Google Patents
Attribute communication coding and decoding method, coding device, decoding device and system Download PDFInfo
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- H—ELECTRICITY
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- H03M—CODING; DECODING; CODE CONVERSION IN GENERAL
- H03M13/00—Coding, decoding or code conversion, for error detection or error correction; Coding theory basic assumptions; Coding bounds; Error probability evaluation methods; Channel models; Simulation or testing of codes
Abstract
The invention discloses an attribute communication coding and decoding method, a coding device, a decoding device and a system. The encoding process comprises the following steps: s1: acquiring an attribute value to be transmitted; s2: according to a preset coding format, coding the attribute value to be transmitted to obtain coded data; wherein, the preset coding format is as follows: a string of coding sequences is formed by sequentially arranging a plurality of bytes; the coding sequence comprises: an attribute value index byte K positioned at the most front end of the coding sequence, an attribute value length byte L positioned behind the attribute value index byte K, and an attribute value byte V positioned behind the attribute value length byte L; attribute value length byte L is used to indicate the value length of attribute value byte V; the attribute value byte V is obtained by encoding and compressing by adopting different encoding modes according to the attribute type of the attribute value to be transmitted. The method supports the coding of different attribute values, and has the advantages of variable attribute value length, flexible use and less communication flow.
Description
Technical Field
The present invention relates to the field of encoding and decoding technologies, and in particular, to an attribute communication encoding and decoding method, encoding device, decoding device, and system.
Background
At present, with the development of the internet of things, various systems (e.g., a household smart home system, and a monitoring system of various industrial devices in industry) generally include various sensors or controllers (e.g., a sensor for collecting temperature, voltage, and current, and a controller for controlling a switch), and the like, and these sensors or controllers are generally abstracted into individual attribute points, and then data generated by the sensors or controllers is an attribute point value, and communication and encoding are required to transmit these attribute point values.
Commonly used attribute point value (data) communication codes are: IT (L) V mode and CMD + V mode. (1) And IT (L) mode V: and transmitting the attribute by using the identifier, the type, the length of the value and the value, wherein I: attribute identification, T: attribute type, L: attribute length (value of attribute when it is a string), V: an attribute value. (2) CMD + V mode: the CMD value is used to identify the transmission service type, V: all attribute values corresponding to the service type. The former supports a plurality of attributes, but three attributes of the ITL are all in a fixed-length mode, so that more communication flow is needed; the latter is not flexible enough, because the length is fixed although the flow is small, and the variable property is not supported.
Disclosure of Invention
The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide an attribute communication encoding and decoding method, encoding device, decoding device, and system, aiming at the defects of the prior art.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention for solving the technical problems is as follows: the method for encoding and decoding the attribute communication is characterized in that the encoding process comprises the following steps:
s1: acquiring an attribute value to be transmitted;
s2: according to a preset coding format, coding the attribute value to be transmitted to obtain coded data;
wherein, the preset coding format is as follows: a string of coding sequences is formed by sequentially arranging a plurality of bytes; the coding sequence comprises: an attribute value index byte K located at the forefront of the coding sequence, an attribute value length byte L located after the attribute value index byte K, and an attribute value byte V located after the attribute value length byte L; the attribute value length byte L is used for representing the value length of the attribute value byte V; and the attribute value byte V is obtained by coding and compressing the attribute value to be transmitted by adopting different coding modes according to the attribute type of the attribute value to be transmitted.
Preferably, the attribute types include: string, unsigned integer, signed integer, floating point, binary type, double precision value;
if the attribute type of the attribute value to be transmitted is a character string, character encoding is adopted to obtain an attribute value byte V;
if the attribute type of the attribute value to be transmitted is an unsigned integer, encoding by adopting a varint encoding mode to obtain an attribute value byte V;
if the attribute type of the attribute value to be transmitted is a signed integer, converting the attribute value to be transmitted into an unsigned integer through zigzag coding, and then coding in a varint coding mode to obtain an attribute value byte V;
if the attribute type of the attribute value to be transmitted is a floating point type, encoding by adopting a gorilla paper encoding algorithm to obtain a byte V of the attribute value;
if the attribute type of the attribute value to be transmitted is a binary type, taking the binary attribute value as the attribute value byte V;
and if the attribute type of the attribute value to be transmitted is a double-precision value, encoding by using a 64-bit binary system to obtain the attribute value byte V.
Preferably, the type of the attribute value length byte L is an unsigned integer, and the encoding is performed in a varint encoding mode.
Preferably, the type of the attribute value index byte K is an unsigned integer, and the encoding is performed in a varint encoding mode.
Preferably, the attribute value index byte K includes: the first part is used for representing the attribute type, and the second part is used for representing the attribute index value, the first part is positioned at the forefront of the coding sequence, the second part is positioned behind the first part, the type of the second part is an unsigned integer, and the coding is carried out by adopting a varint coding mode.
Optionally, the decoding process includes:
a1: acquiring the coded data to be decoded;
a2: reading the attribute value index byte K to obtain an attribute index value;
a3: reading the attribute value length byte L to obtain the length of an attribute value byte V, and extracting the attribute value byte V according to the length of the attribute value byte V;
a4: and decoding the attribute value byte V according to the attribute value type and the encoding mode corresponding to the attribute index value.
Optionally, the decoding process includes:
b1: acquiring the coded data to be decoded;
b2: reading a first part of the attribute index byte K to obtain an attribute type, and reading a second part of the attribute index byte to obtain an attribute index value;
b3: reading the attribute value length byte L to obtain the length of an attribute value byte V, and extracting the attribute value byte V according to the length of the attribute value byte V;
b4: and decoding the attribute value byte V according to the encoding mode corresponding to the acquired attribute type and the acquired attribute index value.
The invention also provides an attribute communication coding device, which comprises a storage module, a processing module and a computer program which is stored on the storage module and can run on the processing module, wherein the processing module realizes the coding process when executing the computer program.
The invention also provides an attribute communication decoding device, which comprises a storage module, a processing module and a computer program which is stored on the storage module and can run on the processing module, wherein the decoding process is realized when the processing module executes the computer program.
The present invention also provides an attribute communication system, comprising: a terminal and a platform, wherein,
the terminal includes: the attribute communication encoding device and the transmission device for transmitting the encoded data are described above;
the platform includes: a receiving device for receiving the encoded data and the attribute communication decoding device as described above.
The technical scheme of the invention has the following beneficial effects: the invention firstly defines a preset coding format for attribute value coding, wherein the preset coding format comprises an attribute value index byte K, an attribute value length byte L and an attribute value byte V. Transmission of different attribute values can be supported by this preset coding format in the form of KLV. And then, different coding modes are introduced according to the attribute type of the attribute value to be transmitted to code and compress the attribute value to obtain an attribute value byte V, so that the transmission length of the attribute value is variable, the use is flexible, and the communication flow is saved.
Drawings
The invention will be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples, in which:
fig. 1 is a flowchart of an encoding process in an attribute communication encoding and decoding method according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a predetermined encoding format according to the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of another structure of a default encoding format according to the present invention;
fig. 4 is a flowchart of a decoding process in the attribute communication encoding and decoding method according to the embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 5 is a flowchart of another decoding process in the attribute communication encoding and decoding method according to the embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
For a more clear understanding of the technical features, objects and effects of the present invention, embodiments of the present invention will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Example 1
As shown in fig. 1, fig. 1 is a flowchart of an encoding process in an attribute communication encoding and decoding method according to an embodiment of the present invention. The encoding process of the method comprises the following steps:
s1: and acquiring the attribute value to be transmitted.
As will be clear from the background, attribute values may be in the system such as: temperature, voltage, current, switching value, time and other data generated by devices such as a temperature sensor, a voltage sensor, a current sensor, a controller for controlling the switch, a timer and the like.
S2: according to a preset coding format, coding the attribute value to be transmitted to obtain coded data;
referring to fig. 2, the preset encoding format is: a string of coding sequences is formed by sequentially arranging a plurality of bytes; the coding sequence comprises: attribute value index byte K (key) located at the forefront of the encoding sequence, attribute value length byte L (length) located after attribute value index byte K, and attribute value byte v (value) located after attribute value length byte L; attribute value length byte L is used to indicate the value length of attribute value byte V; the attribute value byte V is obtained by encoding and compressing by adopting different encoding modes according to the attribute type of the attribute value to be transmitted.
Specifically, the attribute value index byte K is used to identify the name, type, etc. of the attribute value of the segment of the encoding sequence, and the content of the attribute value index byte K (i.e., the index value of the attribute value) is predefined. Attribute value length byte L carries value length information of attribute value byte V. The attribute value byte V carries attribute value information to be transmitted, and is obtained by performing encoding compression by using different encoding methods according to the attribute type of the attribute value to be transmitted.
In some optional embodiments, the attribute types of the attribute values to be transmitted include, but are not limited to: string, unsigned integer, signed integer, floating point, binary type, double precision value.
Some possible examples of practical applications are listed below as an illustration, as shown in table 1 below:
TABLE 1
| Attribute index value | Attribute value name | Attribute value | Attribute type |
| 1 | Switch (Switch) | 1 | Integer without sign |
| 2 | Temperature (Temperature) | -16 | Signed integer |
| 3 | Voltage | 300 | Integer without sign |
| 40 | Electric (Current) | 2.5 | Floating point type |
| 305 | Name (Name) | Temperature controller | Character string |
| 600 | Time (Time) | 1591581794487 | Double precision numerical value |
Further, the attribute value byte V is obtained by performing encoding compression by using different encoding methods according to the attribute type of the attribute value to be transmitted, and specifically, the following steps are performed:
if the attribute type of the attribute value to be transmitted is a character string, character encoding is adopted to obtain an attribute value byte V;
if the attribute type of the attribute value to be transmitted is an unsigned integer, encoding by adopting a varint encoding mode to obtain an attribute value byte V;
if the attribute type of the attribute value to be transmitted is a signed integer, converting the attribute value to be transmitted into an unsigned integer through zigzag coding, and then coding in a varint coding mode to obtain an attribute value byte V;
if the attribute type of the attribute value to be transmitted is a floating point type, encoding by adopting a gorilla paper encoding algorithm to obtain an attribute value byte V;
if the attribute type of the attribute value to be transmitted is a binary type, taking the binary attribute value as an attribute value byte V;
if the attribute type of the attribute value to be transmitted is a double-precision value, a 64-bit binary system is used for encoding to obtain an attribute value byte V.
In some optional embodiments, the type of the attribute value length byte L is an unsigned integer, and is encoded by adopting a varint encoding mode.
For convenience of understanding, the above-mentioned encoding method using different encoding methods according to the attribute type is exemplified with reference to the contents of table 1, as shown in table 2:
TABLE 2
In some optional embodiments, the type of the attribute value length byte L is an unsigned integer, and is encoded by adopting a varint encoding mode. The type of the attribute value index byte K is an unsigned integer, and the encoding is carried out by adopting a varint encoding mode.
It can be understood that, since the content of the attribute value index byte K (i.e., the index value of the attribute value) and the attribute value length byte L (i.e., the value length of the attribute value byte V) are unsigned integers (e.g., 1 byte, 2 bytes, etc. in table 2), that is, the types of the attribute value length byte L and the attribute value index byte K are unsigned integers, the encoding compression can be performed by using a varint encoding method, and the size of the encoded data is further reduced to reduce the communication traffic.
For the sake of understanding, the way of compressing the attribute value length byte L using the varint coding method is illustrated in conjunction with the contents in table 2, as shown in table 3:
TABLE 3
Further, a manner of compressing the attribute value index byte K by using a varint coding manner is illustrated in combination with the attribute index value in table 1, as shown in table 4:
TABLE 4
| Attribute index value | varint coding |
| 1 | 00000001 |
| 2 | 00000010 |
| 3 | 00000011 |
| 40 | 00101000 |
| 305 | 10110001 00000010 |
| 600 | 11011000 00000100 |
It should be noted that, for the specific encoding principle of the above-mentioned encoding method, reference is made to the existing data, and only some encoding results of practical possible examples are given here for illustration, and detailed descriptions of the specific encoding process are omitted here.
Correspondingly, the decoding process in the attribute communication coding and decoding method provided by the embodiment includes:
a1: acquiring the coded data to be decoded;
a2: reading an attribute value index byte K to obtain an attribute index value;
a3: reading attribute value length byte L to obtain the length of attribute value byte V, and extracting attribute value byte V according to the length of attribute value byte V;
it can be understood that if the attribute value index byte K and the attribute value length byte L are encoded and compressed by using a varint encoding method, decoding operation needs to be performed according to the varint encoding principle in the reading process.
A4: and decoding the attribute value byte V according to the attribute value type and the encoding mode corresponding to the attribute index value.
It can be understood that, in some possible embodiments, a platform that performs a decoding process stores, for example, a relationship table in table 1, and after the attribute index value is read, the type, encoding mode, name, and the like of the corresponding attribute value can be obtained according to table 1, so as to decode the attribute value byte V to obtain the attribute value.
It should be noted that, when multiple attribute values are transmitted simultaneously, each attribute value is encoded according to the above-mentioned encoding method to obtain a corresponding encoding sequence unit (i.e. one KLV packet), and then the multiple encoding sequence units are arranged end to end according to a certain rule. The coding sequence units obtained after coding by the coding method are compact binary sequences, and due to the existence of the attribute value length byte L, a separator (such as #) does not need to be added between the two coding sequence units for distinguishing like the existing coding mode, so the coding sequence units are also compact binary forms. In addition, if the attribute value index byte K in a certain coding sequence unit cannot be read, the attribute value byte V with the corresponding length can be ignored according to the attribute value length byte L of the coding sequence unit, and the next coding sequence unit is continuously processed, so that the problem that the whole data cannot be decoded due to an error of one data is avoided.
Example 2
Referring to fig. 3, the present embodiment is different from embodiment 1 in that:
in this embodiment, the attribute value index byte K includes: the attribute index coding method comprises a first part used for representing attribute types and a second part used for attribute index values, wherein the first part is located at the forefront of a coding sequence, the second part is located behind the first part, the types of the second part are unsigned integers, and the second part is coded in a varint coding mode.
Preferably, the first part consists of 3 bits, the range of values of a binary number of 3 bits being sufficient to define the common attribute type.
The following examples are given for illustration, as shown in table 5:
TABLE 5
| Attribute type | First part value (3 bits) |
| Integer without sign | 1(001) |
| Signed integer | 2(010) |
| Floating point type | 3(011) |
| Character string | 0(000) |
| Double precision numerical value | 5(101) |
It can be understood that defining the attribute type by the first part of the attribute value index byte K may not depend on the storage function of the platform receiving the encoded data, and the platform may perform fast decoding in the subsequent decoding process.
Correspondingly, the decoding process in the attribute communication coding and decoding method provided by the embodiment includes:
b1: acquiring coded data to be decoded;
b2: reading a first part of an attribute index byte K to obtain an attribute type, and reading a second part of the attribute index byte to obtain an attribute index value;
b3: reading attribute value length byte L to obtain the length of attribute value byte V, and extracting attribute value byte V according to the length of attribute value byte V;
b4: and decoding the attribute value byte V according to the encoding mode corresponding to the acquired attribute type and the acquired attribute index value.
It can be understood that after the attribute type is obtained, the attribute value byte V can be directly decoded according to the corresponding encoding mode, and then information such as a name corresponding to the attribute value is obtained according to the attribute index value, so that the attribute value can be analyzed.
The invention also provides an attribute communication coding device, which comprises a storage module, a processing module and a computer program which is stored on the storage module and can run on the processing module, wherein the processing module realizes the coding process of the attribute communication coding and decoding method when executing the computer program.
Correspondingly, the invention also provides an attribute communication decoding device, which comprises a storage module, a processing module and a computer program which is stored on the storage module and can run on the processing module, wherein the processing module realizes the decoding process of the attribute communication coding and decoding method when executing the computer program.
It is understood that the memory module includes: random Access Memory (RAM), memory, Read Only Memory (ROM), electrically programmable ROM, electrically erasable programmable ROM, registers, hard disk, a removable disk, a CD-ROM, or any other form of storage medium known in the art.
Further, the present invention provides an attribute communication system, including: a terminal and a platform, wherein,
the terminal includes: the invention provides an attribute communication coding device and a transmission device for transmitting coded data;
the platform includes: the receiving device is used for receiving the coded data and the attribute communication decoding device provided by the invention.
It is understood that the terminal includes, but is not limited to, a data collector, a PC, a mobile phone, a tablet computer, and the like, and the platform includes, but is not limited to, a background PC, a background server, a cloud server, and the like. The communication mode between the terminal and the platform can be wired or wireless communication, and the terminal can correspondingly save bandwidth or flow in the process of transmitting the attribute value by the attribute communication coding and decoding method.
The scheme of the invention supports the transmission of different attribute values, and introduces different coding modes to code and compress the attribute values according to the attribute types of the attribute values to be transmitted, so that the transmission length of the attribute values is variable, the use is flexible, and the communication flow is saved.
The embodiments in the present description are described in a progressive manner, each embodiment focuses on differences from other embodiments, and the same and similar parts among the embodiments are referred to each other. For the device or system disclosed by the embodiment, the method disclosed by the embodiment of the invention is applied, so that the description is simple, and the relevant points can be referred to the description of the method part.
While the invention has been described with reference to specific embodiments, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes may be made and equivalents may be substituted without departing from the scope of the invention. In addition, many modifications may be made to adapt a particular situation or material to the teachings of the invention without departing from its scope. Therefore, it is intended that the invention not be limited to the particular embodiment disclosed, but that the invention will include all embodiments falling within the scope of the appended claims.
Claims (10)
1. An attribute communication coding and decoding method, characterized in that the coding process comprises:
s1: acquiring an attribute value to be transmitted;
s2: according to a preset coding format, coding the attribute value to be transmitted to obtain coded data;
wherein, the preset coding format is as follows: a string of coding sequences is formed by sequentially arranging a plurality of bytes; the coding sequence comprises: an attribute value index byte K located at the forefront of the coding sequence, an attribute value length byte L located after the attribute value index byte K, and an attribute value byte V located after the attribute value length byte L; the attribute value length byte L is used for representing the value length of the attribute value byte V; and the attribute value byte V is obtained by coding and compressing the attribute value to be transmitted by adopting different coding modes according to the attribute type of the attribute value to be transmitted.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein the attribute type comprises: string, unsigned integer, signed integer, floating point, binary type, double precision value;
if the attribute type of the attribute value to be transmitted is a character string, character encoding is adopted to obtain an attribute value byte V;
if the attribute type of the attribute value to be transmitted is an unsigned integer, encoding by adopting a varint encoding mode to obtain an attribute value byte V;
if the attribute type of the attribute value to be transmitted is a signed integer, converting the attribute value to be transmitted into an unsigned integer through zigzag coding, and then coding in a varint coding mode to obtain an attribute value byte V;
if the attribute type of the attribute value to be transmitted is a floating point type, encoding by adopting a gorilla paper encoding algorithm to obtain a byte V of the attribute value;
if the attribute type of the attribute value to be transmitted is a binary type, taking the binary attribute value as the attribute value byte V;
and if the attribute type of the attribute value to be transmitted is a double-precision value, encoding by using a 64-bit binary system to obtain the attribute value byte V.
3. The method as claimed in claim 1, wherein the type of the attribute value length byte L is an unsigned integer, and the encoding is performed by a varint encoding method.
4. The method according to claim 1, wherein the type of the attribute value index byte K is an unsigned integer and is encoded by a varint encoding method.
5. The method according to claim 4, wherein the attribute value index byte K comprises: the first part is used for representing the attribute type, and the second part is used for representing the attribute index value, the first part is positioned at the forefront of the coding sequence, the second part is positioned behind the first part, the type of the second part is an unsigned integer, and the coding is carried out by adopting a varint coding mode.
6. The method of claim 4, wherein the decoding process comprises:
a1: acquiring the coded data to be decoded;
a2: reading the attribute value index byte K to obtain an attribute index value;
a3: reading the attribute value length byte L to obtain the length of an attribute value byte V, and extracting the attribute value byte V according to the length of the attribute value byte V;
a4: and decoding the attribute value byte V according to the attribute value type and the encoding mode corresponding to the attribute index value.
7. The method of claim 5, wherein the decoding process comprises:
b1: acquiring the coded data to be decoded;
b2: reading a first part of the attribute index byte K to obtain an attribute type, and reading a second part of the attribute index byte to obtain an attribute index value;
b3: reading the attribute value length byte L to obtain the length of an attribute value byte V, and extracting the attribute value byte V according to the length of the attribute value byte V;
b4: and decoding the attribute value byte V according to the encoding mode corresponding to the acquired attribute type and the acquired attribute index value.
8. An attribute communication encoding apparatus comprising a storage module, a processing module and a computer program stored on the storage module and executable on the processing module, wherein the processing module implements the encoding process according to any one of claims 1 to 5 when executing the computer program.
9. A decoding device for attribute communication, comprising a storage module, a processing module and a computer program stored on the storage module and capable of running on the processing module, wherein the processing module implements the decoding process according to claim 6 or 7 when executing the computer program.
10. A communications system for attributes, comprising: a terminal and a platform, wherein,
the terminal includes: the attribute communication encoding apparatus of claim 8 and a transmission apparatus for transmitting encoded data;
the platform includes: receiving means for receiving the encoded data and attribute communication decoding means according to claim 9.
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