CN112258773A - Fire alarm detects and evaluation device based on thing networking - Google Patents

Fire alarm detects and evaluation device based on thing networking Download PDF

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Publication number
CN112258773A
CN112258773A CN202011130440.0A CN202011130440A CN112258773A CN 112258773 A CN112258773 A CN 112258773A CN 202011130440 A CN202011130440 A CN 202011130440A CN 112258773 A CN112258773 A CN 112258773A
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detector
fire
alarm
temperature
detection
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杨小志
何景先
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Hebei Li'an Safety Technology Service Co ltd
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Hebei Li'an Safety Technology Service Co ltd
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    • GPHYSICS
    • G08SIGNALLING
    • G08BSIGNALLING OR CALLING SYSTEMS; ORDER TELEGRAPHS; ALARM SYSTEMS
    • G08B17/00Fire alarms; Alarms responsive to explosion
    • G08B17/06Electric actuation of the alarm, e.g. using a thermally-operated switch
    • GPHYSICS
    • G08SIGNALLING
    • G08BSIGNALLING OR CALLING SYSTEMS; ORDER TELEGRAPHS; ALARM SYSTEMS
    • G08B17/00Fire alarms; Alarms responsive to explosion
    • G08B17/10Actuation by presence of smoke or gases, e.g. automatic alarm devices for analysing flowing fluid materials by the use of optical means
    • G08B17/11Actuation by presence of smoke or gases, e.g. automatic alarm devices for analysing flowing fluid materials by the use of optical means using an ionisation chamber for detecting smoke or gas
    • GPHYSICS
    • G08SIGNALLING
    • G08BSIGNALLING OR CALLING SYSTEMS; ORDER TELEGRAPHS; ALARM SYSTEMS
    • G08B17/00Fire alarms; Alarms responsive to explosion
    • G08B17/12Actuation by presence of radiation or particles, e.g. of infrared radiation or of ions
    • GPHYSICS
    • G08SIGNALLING
    • G08BSIGNALLING OR CALLING SYSTEMS; ORDER TELEGRAPHS; ALARM SYSTEMS
    • G08B21/00Alarms responsive to a single specified undesired or abnormal condition and not otherwise provided for
    • G08B21/02Alarms for ensuring the safety of persons
    • G08B21/12Alarms for ensuring the safety of persons responsive to undesired emission of substances, e.g. pollution alarms
    • G08B21/16Combustible gas alarms
    • GPHYSICS
    • G08SIGNALLING
    • G08BSIGNALLING OR CALLING SYSTEMS; ORDER TELEGRAPHS; ALARM SYSTEMS
    • G08B29/00Checking or monitoring of signalling or alarm systems; Prevention or correction of operating errors, e.g. preventing unauthorised operation
    • G08B29/18Prevention or correction of operating errors
    • G08B29/185Signal analysis techniques for reducing or preventing false alarms or for enhancing the reliability of the system

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  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Business, Economics & Management (AREA)
  • Emergency Management (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Toxicology (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Computer Security & Cryptography (AREA)
  • Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
  • Fire Alarms (AREA)
  • Fire-Detection Mechanisms (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses a fire alarm detection and evaluation device based on the Internet of things, which comprises a detection device, a monitoring device, a control device, an evaluation device and an alarm, wherein the detection device comprises a temperature-sensitive detector, a photosensitive detector, a smoke-sensitive detector and a combustible gas detector, and the detection device is used for transmitting detection data to the control device and the evaluation device. According to the invention, the alarm can be timely detected and given when abnormal conditions such as fire disaster occur in the place, the accuracy of information acquisition is ensured by matching the constant temperature type temperature-sensitive detector, the differential temperature type temperature-sensitive detector, the infrared photoelectric detector, the ultraviolet photoelectric detector, the ion smoke detector and the combustible gas detector, so that when the fire lamp is abnormal, the alarm can be timely and correctly given out, a user can evacuate from a dangerous environment, personal safety is ensured, economic loss is avoided, and the environment and personnel evacuation condition in the fire place can be effectively monitored by matching with the arrangement of the monitoring device.

Description

Fire alarm detects and evaluation device based on thing networking
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of fire alarm devices, in particular to a fire alarm detection and evaluation device based on the Internet of things.
Background
At present, more and more buildings have safety accidents, accidents such as fire, liquid ammonia leakage, chemical plant explosion and the like are always warned, and casualties and economic losses can be avoided if the potential safety hazards can be found in time and are timely treated when the potential safety hazards appear abnormally.
The existing fire alarm device singly depends on a detection means to detect the fire condition, the alarm accuracy and validity are poor, and then a good fire evaluation device is not provided, so that rescuers cannot timely and effectively know the state of the fire, and a reasonable and effective rescue mode is implemented, thereby increasing property damage and casualties.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the defects in the prior art, and provides a fire alarm detection and evaluation device based on the Internet of things.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme: a fire alarm detection and evaluation device based on the Internet of things comprises a detection device, a monitoring device, a control device, an evaluation device and an alarm;
the detection device comprises a temperature-sensitive detector, a photosensitive detector, a smoke-sensitive detector and a combustible gas detector, and is used for transmitting detection data to the control device and the evaluation device;
the monitoring device comprises a camera and an infrared sensor and is used for acquiring monitoring information and transmitting the monitoring information to the control device and the evaluation device;
the control device comprises a data processor, a PLC (programmable logic controller) and a wireless module, and the wireless module is wirelessly connected with the terminal PC;
the evaluation device comprises a static object information extraction module, a fire dynamic information extraction module and an evaluation module.
As a further description of the above technical solution:
the temperature-sensitive detector is respectively provided with a constant temperature-sensitive detector and a differential temperature-sensitive detector;
the constant temperature type temperature-sensing detector gives an alarm under the action of a temperature-sensing element when the temperature of a place where the detector is installed rises to a preset temperature, wherein the temperature-sensing element is one or a centralized combination of low-melting-point alloy, platinum wire, bimetallic strip, bimetallic tube, thermistor and semiconductor P-N junction;
the temperature difference type temperature-sensing detector gives an alarm when the temperature rise in a certain time exceeds a certain limit, the sensitive elements of the temperature difference type detector mostly adopt bimetallic strip temperature difference elements, diaphragm capsule temperature difference elements, thermistor temperature difference elements and the like, and when the temperature of a detection place rises suddenly, the elements act to turn on signals to give an alarm.
As a further description of the above technical solution:
the photosensitive detector is respectively provided with an infrared photoelectric detector and an ultraviolet photoelectric detector, when a substance is burnt and ignited, the flame temperature is generally over 1000 ℃, and the substance radiates to the periphery by light rays with various wavelengths, wherein the light rays comprise ultraviolet radiation, visible light radiation, infrared radiation and the like, and the infrared photoelectric detector and the ultraviolet photoelectric detector are respectively arranged for detecting the rays;
the infrared detector has sensing elements comprising photoconductive cell, Ge and Si photocells, Ge and Si photodiodes and phototriodes made of aluminum sulfide, sulfurized pickaxe, etc. and the sensing elements produce electric signal to amplify and alarm in infrared radiation;
the sensitive element of the ultraviolet photoelectric detector is an ultraviolet photosensitive tube which only acts on ultraviolet rays in light radiation, and when a fire occurs, the ultraviolet photosensitive tube is subjected to the action of flame ultraviolet rays and emits electrons to form avalanche discharge, so that an electric loop is conducted and an alarm signal is emitted.
As a further description of the above technical solution:
the smoke detector is an ion smoke detector and consists of a detector and a signal electric loop, the detector consists of an inner ionization chamber and an outer ionization chamber which are formed by two silver radioactive source sheets and the signal electric loop, and in case of fire, the smoke can change the equivalent impedance of the outer ionization chamber to increase, but the equivalent impedance of the inner ionization chamber does not change, so that the voltage distribution of the inner ionization chamber and the outer ionization chamber changes, and an alarm signal is sent out.
As a further description of the above technical solution:
the sensing element of the combustible gas detector is a gas-sensitive semiconductor element, when combustible gas exists, the resistance value of the gas-sensitive semiconductor element is changed, the higher the concentration of the gas-sensitive semiconductor element is, the lower the resistance value is, the higher the output voltage is, and therefore an electric signal is sent out, and an alarm is sent out after the electric signal is amplified.
As a further description of the above technical solution:
the static object information extraction module is used for extracting static object characteristics of a fire place, including combustibles of fire place accessories, surrounding environment conditions, fire protection design patterns, fire protection equipment related data, fire protection safety regulations and related electrical detection and fire protection facility and equipment detection reports.
As a further description of the above technical solution:
the fire dynamic information extraction module is used for extracting dynamic object characteristics of a fire place, including fire spreading speed, smoke spreading speed, personnel evacuation condition, fire door closing state and fire fighting access opening state.
As a further description of the above technical solution:
the evaluation module is used for receiving the information extracted by the static object information extraction module and the fire dynamic information extraction module, calculating the acquired data, sequentially dividing the acquired data into a plurality of levels, comparing the levels with a value range box corresponding to a national standard to serve as an alarm threshold value, and sending a signal to the control device.
As a further description of the above technical solution:
the control device also comprises a display, and the display is used for displaying the information received by the control device.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
in the invention, the fire alarm detection and evaluation device based on the Internet of things can timely detect and alarm when abnormal conditions such as fire occur in a place, and the like, and can timely detect and alarm when the abnormal conditions such as the fire occur in the place, and the accuracy of information acquisition of the fire alarm detection and evaluation device is ensured by matching with the constant temperature type temperature-sensitive detector, the differential temperature type temperature-sensitive detector, the infrared photoelectric detector, the ultraviolet photoelectric detector, the ion smoke-sensitive detector and the combustible gas detector which are arranged, so that the alarm can be timely and correctly sent out when the abnormal conditions of a fire lamp occur, a user can evacuate from a dangerous environment, the personal safety is ensured, the economic loss is avoided, the environment and personnel evacuation condition in a fire place can be effectively monitored by matching with the arrangement of the monitoring device, and the evaluation of the dynamic fire risk of a building can be further realized by matching with the arrangement, and an alarm signal is reasonably sent out, so that the fire rescue strength is ensured, and the rescue effect is improved.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of a fire alarm detection and evaluation device based on the internet of things according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a detecting device according to the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of a monitoring device according to the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of a control device according to the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of an evaluation apparatus according to the present invention.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the terms "center", "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "inner", "outer", etc., indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the drawings, and are only for convenience of description and simplicity of description, but do not indicate or imply that the device or element being referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and thus, should not be construed as limiting the present invention; the terms "first," "second," and "third" are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance; furthermore, unless expressly stated or limited otherwise, the terms "mounted," "connected," and "connected" are to be construed broadly, as they may be fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally connected, for example; can be mechanically or electrically connected; they may be connected directly or indirectly through intervening media, or they may be interconnected between two elements. The specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood in specific cases to those skilled in the art.
Referring to fig. 1-5, a fire alarm detection and evaluation device based on the internet of things comprises a detection device, a monitoring device, a control device, an evaluation device and an alarm;
the detection device comprises a temperature-sensitive detector, a photosensitive detector, a smoke-sensitive detector and a combustible gas detector, the detection device is used for transmitting detection data to the control device and the evaluation device, the detection device can transmit signals to the control device in real time after detecting a fire signal, the control device can control the alarm to give an alarm, and meanwhile, the control device can send an alarm signal to the terminal PC through the wireless module to realize remote alarm;
the monitoring device comprises a camera and an infrared sensor, is used for acquiring monitoring information and transmitting the monitoring information to the control device and the evaluation device, is used for acquiring the fire behavior, the smoke spreading speed and the personnel evacuation condition of a fire site, and transmits the acquired information to the control device and the evaluation device in time;
the control device comprises a data processor, a PLC (programmable logic controller) and a wireless module, and the wireless module is in wireless connection with the terminal PC;
the evaluation device comprises a static object information extraction module, a fire dynamic information extraction module and an evaluation module.
The temperature-sensitive detector is respectively provided with a constant temperature-sensitive detector and a differential temperature-sensitive detector;
the constant temperature type temperature-sensing detector gives an alarm under the action of a temperature-sensing element when the temperature of a place where the detector is installed rises to a preset temperature, wherein the temperature-sensing element is one or a centralized combination of low-melting-point alloy, platinum wire, bimetallic strip, bimetallic tube, thermistor and semiconductor P-N junction;
the temperature difference type temperature-sensing detector gives an alarm when the temperature rise in a certain time exceeds a certain limit, the sensitive elements of the temperature difference type detector mostly adopt bimetallic strip temperature difference elements, diaphragm capsule temperature difference elements, thermistor temperature difference elements and the like, and when the temperature of a detection place rises suddenly, the elements act to turn on signals to give an alarm.
The photosensitive detector is respectively provided with an infrared photoelectric detector and an ultraviolet photoelectric detector, when a substance is burnt and ignited, the flame temperature is generally over 1000 ℃, and the flame radiates to the periphery by light rays with various wavelengths, wherein the light rays comprise ultraviolet radiation, visible light radiation, infrared radiation and the like, and the infrared photoelectric detector and the ultraviolet photoelectric detector are respectively arranged for detecting the rays;
the infrared detector has sensing elements comprising photoconductive cell, Ge and Si photocells, Ge and Si photodiodes and phototriodes made of aluminum sulfide, sulfurized pickaxe, etc. and the sensing elements produce electric signal to amplify and alarm in infrared radiation;
the sensitive element of the ultraviolet photoelectric detector is an ultraviolet photosensitive tube which only acts on ultraviolet rays in light radiation, and when a fire occurs, the ultraviolet photosensitive tube is subjected to the action of flame ultraviolet rays and emits electrons to form avalanche discharge, so that an electric loop is conducted and an alarm signal is emitted.
The smoke detector is an ion smoke detector and consists of a detector and a signal electric loop, the detector consists of an inner ionization chamber and an outer ionization chamber which are formed by two silver radioactive source sheets and the signal electric loop, and in case of fire, the smoke can change the equivalent impedance of the outer ionization chamber to increase, but the equivalent impedance of the inner ionization chamber does not change, so that the voltage distribution of the inner ionization chamber and the outer ionization chamber changes, and an alarm signal is sent out.
The sensitive element of the combustible gas detector is a gas-sensitive semiconductor element, when combustible gas exists, the resistance value of the gas-sensitive semiconductor element is changed, the higher the concentration of the gas-sensitive semiconductor element is, the lower the resistance value is, the higher the output voltage is, and therefore an electric signal is sent out, and an alarm is sent out after the electric signal is amplified.
The static object information extraction module is used for extracting static object characteristics of the fire place, including combustibles of fire place accessories, surrounding environment conditions, fire protection design patterns, fire protection equipment related data, fire protection safety regulations and related electrical detection and fire protection facility and equipment detection reports.
The fire dynamic information extraction module is used for extracting dynamic object characteristics of a fire place, including fire spreading speed, smoke spreading speed, personnel evacuation condition, fire door closing state and fire fighting access opening state.
The evaluation module is used for receiving the information that static thing information extraction module and conflagration dynamic information extraction module extracted, calculate the data of gathering, divide into a plurality of level in proper order, the value range case contrast that corresponds with national standard, as the alarm threshold value, send signal transmission to controlling means, thereby controlling means realizes carrying out reasonable device to the alarm, send the alarm signal of different grades, and controlling means can show the information transmission with evaluation device transmission to the display, the audio-visual concrete condition of connecting the conflagration place of person of facilitating the use, thereby reasonable effectual rescue method is designed out fast, guarantee the effect of rescue.
The control device also comprises a display for displaying the information received by the control device.
The above description is only for the preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any person skilled in the art should be considered to be within the technical scope of the present invention, and the technical solutions and the inventive concepts thereof according to the present invention should be equivalent or changed within the scope of the present invention.

Claims (9)

1. A fire alarm detection and evaluation device based on the Internet of things is characterized by comprising a detection device, a monitoring device, a control device, an evaluation device and an alarm;
the detection device comprises a temperature-sensitive detector, a photosensitive detector, a smoke-sensitive detector and a combustible gas detector, and is used for transmitting detection data to the control device and the evaluation device;
the monitoring device comprises a camera and an infrared sensor and is used for acquiring monitoring information and transmitting the monitoring information to the control device and the evaluation device;
the control device comprises a data processor, a PLC (programmable logic controller) and a wireless module, and the wireless module is wirelessly connected with the terminal PC;
the evaluation device comprises a static object information extraction module, a fire dynamic information extraction module and an evaluation module.
2. The internet of things-based fire alarm detection and evaluation device according to claim 1, wherein the temperature detectors are respectively provided with a constant temperature type temperature detector and a differential temperature type temperature detector;
the constant temperature type temperature-sensing detector gives an alarm under the action of a temperature-sensing element when the temperature of a place where the detector is installed rises to a preset temperature, wherein the temperature-sensing element is one or a centralized combination of low-melting-point alloy, platinum wire, bimetallic strip, bimetallic tube, thermistor and semiconductor P-N junction;
the temperature difference type temperature-sensing detector gives an alarm when the temperature rise in a certain time exceeds a certain limit, the sensitive elements of the temperature difference type detector mostly adopt bimetallic strip temperature difference elements, diaphragm capsule temperature difference elements, thermistor temperature difference elements and the like, and when the temperature of a detection place rises suddenly, the elements act to turn on signals to give an alarm.
3. The fire alarm detecting and evaluating device based on the internet of things as claimed in claim 1, wherein the photosensitive detector is respectively provided with an infrared photoelectric detector and an ultraviolet photoelectric detector, when a substance is burnt and on fire, the flame temperature is generally above 1000 ℃, and the substance is radiated to the periphery by light rays with various wavelengths, wherein the light rays comprise ultraviolet radiation, visible light radiation, infrared radiation and the like, and the infrared photoelectric detector and the ultraviolet photoelectric detector are respectively arranged for detecting the rays;
the infrared detector has sensing elements comprising photoconductive cell, Ge and Si photocells, Ge and Si photodiodes and phototriodes made of aluminum sulfide, sulfurized pickaxe, etc. and the sensing elements produce electric signal to amplify and alarm in infrared radiation;
the sensitive element of the ultraviolet photoelectric detector is an ultraviolet photosensitive tube which only acts on ultraviolet rays in light radiation, and when a fire occurs, the ultraviolet photosensitive tube is subjected to the action of flame ultraviolet rays and emits electrons to form avalanche discharge, so that an electric loop is conducted and an alarm signal is emitted.
4. The internet of things-based fire alarm detection and evaluation device according to claim 1, wherein the smoke detector is an ion smoke detector and comprises a detector and a signal electric loop, the detector comprises two silver radioactive source sheets and the signal electric loop to form an inner ionization chamber and an outer ionization chamber, and smoke can change the equivalent impedance of the outer ionization chamber to increase during a fire, but the equivalent impedance of the inner ionization chamber is unchanged, so that the voltage distribution of the inner ionization chamber and the outer ionization chamber is changed, and an alarm signal is sent.
5. The internet of things-based fire alarm detection and evaluation device according to claim 1, wherein the sensing element of the combustible gas detector is a gas-sensitive semiconductor element, when combustible gas exists, the resistance value of the gas-sensitive semiconductor element is changed, and the higher the concentration of the combustible gas is, the lower the resistance value is, the higher the output voltage is, so that an electric signal is sent out, and an alarm is sent out through amplification.
6. The internet of things-based fire alarm detection and assessment device according to claim 1, wherein the static things information extraction module is used for extracting static things characteristics of a fire place, including combustibles of fire place accessories, surrounding environment conditions, fire design patterns, fire fighting equipment-related data, fire safety regulations and related electrical detection and fire fighting equipment and equipment detection reports.
7. The internet of things-based fire alarm detection and evaluation device according to claim 1, wherein the fire dynamic information extraction module is configured to extract dynamic object characteristics of a fire place, including fire spreading speed, smoke spreading speed, personnel evacuation condition, fire door closing state, fire passage opening state.
8. The internet of things-based fire alarm detection and evaluation device according to claim 1, wherein the evaluation module is configured to receive information extracted by the static object information extraction module and the fire dynamic information extraction module, calculate acquired data, sequentially divide the acquired data into a plurality of levels, compare the levels with a value range box corresponding to a national standard, serve as an alarm threshold, and send a signal to the control device.
9. The internet of things-based fire alarm detection and evaluation device according to claim 1, wherein the control device further comprises a display for displaying information received by the control device.
CN202011130440.0A 2020-10-21 2020-10-21 Fire alarm detects and evaluation device based on thing networking Pending CN112258773A (en)

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Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN115394028A (en) * 2022-08-25 2022-11-25 成都数之联科技股份有限公司 Fire point monitoring system, method, device and medium

Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE60105006D1 (en) * 2000-04-19 2004-09-23 George Privalov METHOD AND SYSTEM FOR FIRE DETECTION
CN102682560A (en) * 2012-05-22 2012-09-19 哈尔滨工程大学 Method and device for assessing level of fire interlock alarming in ship cabin
CN102737466A (en) * 2012-06-07 2012-10-17 清华大学 Method and system for estimating position and intensity of ignition source of fire
CN103218887A (en) * 2013-04-01 2013-07-24 深圳市广安消防装饰工程有限公司 Fire detector capable of flashing to alarm
CN105678941A (en) * 2016-01-17 2016-06-15 梁清泉 Intelligent fire hazard monitoring and control system

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE60105006D1 (en) * 2000-04-19 2004-09-23 George Privalov METHOD AND SYSTEM FOR FIRE DETECTION
CN102682560A (en) * 2012-05-22 2012-09-19 哈尔滨工程大学 Method and device for assessing level of fire interlock alarming in ship cabin
CN102737466A (en) * 2012-06-07 2012-10-17 清华大学 Method and system for estimating position and intensity of ignition source of fire
CN103218887A (en) * 2013-04-01 2013-07-24 深圳市广安消防装饰工程有限公司 Fire detector capable of flashing to alarm
CN105678941A (en) * 2016-01-17 2016-06-15 梁清泉 Intelligent fire hazard monitoring and control system

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN115394028A (en) * 2022-08-25 2022-11-25 成都数之联科技股份有限公司 Fire point monitoring system, method, device and medium
CN115394028B (en) * 2022-08-25 2023-11-03 成都数之联科技股份有限公司 Fire point monitoring system, method and device and medium

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