CN112257254B - Stratum drillability evaluation method based on grey prediction - Google Patents

Stratum drillability evaluation method based on grey prediction Download PDF

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CN112257254B
CN112257254B CN202011123191.2A CN202011123191A CN112257254B CN 112257254 B CN112257254 B CN 112257254B CN 202011123191 A CN202011123191 A CN 202011123191A CN 112257254 B CN112257254 B CN 112257254B
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郭素杰
姜维寨
王玉善
蔡军
孟庆峰
颜怀羽
于伟高
张君子
陈悍
陈燕
刘玥
陈玉蓉
霍丽芬
张文雅
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Cnpc Huabei Oilfield Branch
China National Petroleum Corp
CNPC Bohai Drilling Engineering Co Ltd
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Abstract

The invention discloses a stratum drillability evaluation method based on gray prediction, which is characterized in that the gray prediction method is adopted to process engineering parameters of bit pressure, torque, rotating speed and drilling time of an abnormal well section, processed data are substituted into a crushing specific work model, the crushing specific work w is obtained through calculation, and the obtained crushing specific work w and the regional standard crushing specific work w are obtainedbAnd comparing to obtain a work doing ratio P, evaluating the reservoir drillability according to the grade of the P value and referring to the regional characteristics, wherein the larger the P value is, the poorer the formation drillability is, the more compact the formation is, and the smaller the P value is, the better the reservoir drillability is. According to the method, the abnormal value is processed through a grey prediction technology, so that each parameter can reflect the stratum condition more truly; the influence of factors such as well deviation is considered; the influence of different drill bit diameters is considered; the comprehensive evaluation conclusion by comparing with the regional standard is more applicable.

Description

Stratum drillability evaluation method based on grey prediction
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of petroleum exploration and development, in particular to a stratum drillability evaluation method based on grey prediction.
Background
Stratum drillability while drilling evaluation is important work of logging, if the drillability is good, the stratum is loose and is a better reservoir, if the stratum drillability is poor, the lithology is more compact and the reservoir property of the stratum is poor, the current common method is to carry out qualitative evaluation on the physical properties of the reservoir after correcting the drilling time by using engineering parameters such as the drilling time, the drilling pressure, the rotating speed of a turntable and the like, such as a work index, a mechanical specific energy, the drillability index and the like, but the methods have the following defects at present: firstly, different drill bit types have large difference and can not meet the normalization problem of various drill bit models at present; secondly, due to the influence of different well types, the correlation between the drilling pressure of different well types and the pressure of a drill bit at the bottom of the well is different, and normalization processing is needed; thirdly, the application of bottom hole power drilling tools such as a screw rod, a turbine and the like is adopted, and the actual rotating speed of a drill bit is different from the rotating speed of a turntable; fourthly, the calculation result is distorted due to the switching of the drilling power. Therefore, after correcting and processing each calculation parameter, a drillability evaluation model is established, and the reservoir is accurately evaluated, so that an effective basis is provided for the next construction measure.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the technical problems and provide a stratum drillability evaluation method based on grey prediction to make up for the defects of the existing stratum drillability evaluation method.
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention adopts the following technical scheme: a stratum drillability evaluation method based on grey prediction comprises the following steps:
(1) collecting engineering parameters of a well section to be evaluated according to a certain interval, wherein the engineering parameters comprise well depth, drilling time, drilling pressure, drill bit rotating speed, torque and drill bit size;
(2) judging abnormal values of engineering parameters according to the sudden change of the bit pressure, the torque, the rotating speed and the drilling data;
(3) the method for processing the abnormal value by using the gray prediction method comprises the following steps:
collecting data of n points before an abnormal value, establishing a data original sequence, and recording the data original sequence as:
X(0)＝{x(0)(1)，x(0)(2)，…，x(0)(n)}；
wherein X(0)Is a certain sequence of engineering parameters, and X(0)(k) The number of the data is more than or equal to 0, k is 1, 2, …, and n is the number of the data;
introduction of second-order weakening operator D2Let us order
X(0)D＝{x(0)(1)d，x(0)(2)d，…，x(0)(n)d}；
Wherein
Figure BDA0002732712220000011
And
Figure BDA0002732712220000012
wherein
Figure BDA0002732712220000021
1-AGO sequence X of X(1)Is composed of
X(1)＝{x(1)(1)，x(1)(2)，…，x(1)(n)}
Wherein
x(1)(k)＝x(1)+x(2)+…+x(k)}
Establishing a GM (1, 1) gray prediction model:
Figure BDA0002732712220000022
and the estimated values of a and b are obtained by the least square method
Figure BDA0002732712220000023
Obtaining GM (1, 1) whitening model
Figure BDA0002732712220000024
Thereby obtaining an analog sequence
Figure BDA0002732712220000025
Determining an analog value of the abnormal section
Figure BDA0002732712220000026
Wherein q is the number of abnormal segment points
Replacing the original value of the abnormal section with the calculated analog value;
(4) substituting each parameter into the following formula to calculate the stratum crushing specific work
Figure BDA0002732712220000027
Wherein:
v2＝2πnR
in the formula: w-specific work of crushing, kN/m2；Cp-weight on bit, kN; t is0-torque, kN · m; v. of1-drilling speed, m/min; v. of2-the linear speed of rotation of the drill bit, m/min; alpha-the angle between the resultant force and the resultant velocity; n-bit speed, r/min; r is the drill radius, m; s-borehole area, m2；
(5) Comparing the obtained crushing specific work with the regional standard crushing specific work, and judging the rock drillability of the rock at the bottom of the well
Figure BDA0002732712220000028
In the formula: w is ab-regional standard specific crushing work; p-ratio of work done
(6) Evaluating the reservoir drillability according to the grade of the P value and by referring to the regional characteristics, wherein the larger the P value is, the poorer the stratum drillability is, the more compact the stratum is, and the smaller the P value is, the better the reservoir drillability is; and the P value evaluation oil-gas flow standard is established through the actual test result of the regional multiple wells.
Step (6) dividing the reservoir into three levels of' A, B, C
Formation drillability evaluation criteria
A B C
P＜1 1≤P＜1.3 1.3≤P
The 'A' level indicates that the formation drillability is good, pores and cracks develop, and natural productivity is expected to be obtained; the 'B' level can obtain productivity after being modified by measures, and the 'C' level indicates that the stratum is compact and the mining value is low.
The sudden change in the step (2) means that any one of the bit pressure, the torque, the rotating speed and the drilling time is reset to zero or is increased to 2 times or more of a basic value.
The value range of n in the step (3) is 5-10.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. and abnormal values are processed by a grey prediction technology, so that each parameter can reflect the stratum condition more truly.
2. Factors such as well deviation are considered to calculate breaking specific work to evaluate the formation drillability, so that the evaluation result is more reliable;
3. the influence of different drill diameters is considered, and the application range of the model is wider;
4. the comprehensive evaluation conclusion by comparing with the regional standard is more applicable.
5. By comprehensively applying the stratum engineering parameters, the most valuable next measure suggestion is provided for the construction party, and the technical support is made for improving the overall benefit of exploration and development.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of formation drillability evaluation based on a grey prediction evaluation method.
Detailed Description
The invention is described in further detail below with reference to the following figures and detailed description:
the invention discloses a stratum drillability evaluation method based on grey prediction, which comprises the following steps:
1) collecting engineering parameters (well depth, drilling time, drilling pressure, rotating speed, torque and drill bit size) of a well section to be evaluated at a certain interval, wherein the engineering parameters are shown in a table 1;
TABLE 1XX well engineering data sheet (partial data)
Figure BDA0002732712220000031
Figure BDA0002732712220000041
2) Judging abnormal values of engineering parameters according to sudden changes of data such as bit pressure, torque, rotating speed and the like;
by analyzing the data 5106-5110m, the torque is 0, the rotating speed is 0, the bit pressure is increased by more than two times, and the sudden change during drilling is judged to be an abnormal value, as shown in 4, 6, 8 and 10 in figure 1, and the abnormal value needs to be processed.
3) The method for processing the abnormal value by using the gray prediction method comprises the following steps:
firstly, collecting data of 10 points before the abnormal value to establish a data original sequence, for convenience of understanding, taking torque prediction as an example, collecting torque data of 10 points before 5106m, 5096 and 5105m, and recording as:
X(0)＝{x(0)(1)，x(0)(2)，…，x(0)(n)}＝(17.3,17.4,17.5,17.5,17.6,17.9,17.5,18.3,18.4,18.6,)；
wherein X(0)Is a certain parameter sequence, and x(0)(k) Not less than 0, k is 1, 2, … n, n is the number of data, n is 10 in this embodiment;
introduction of second-order weakening operator D2Let us order
X(0)D＝{x(0)(1)d，x(0)(2)d，…，x(0)(n)d}；
Wherein
Figure BDA0002732712220000051
And
Figure BDA0002732712220000052
wherein
Figure BDA0002732712220000053
1-AGO sequence X of X(1Is composed of
X(1)＝{x(1)(1)，x(1)(2)，…，x(1)(n)}
＝(17.3,34.7,52.2,69.7,87.3,105.2,122.7,141.0,159.4,178.0)
Wherein
x(1)(k)＝{x(1)+x(2)+…，x(k)}
Establishing a GM (1, 1) gray prediction model:
Figure BDA0002732712220000054
and the estimated values of a and b are obtained by the least square method
Figure BDA0002732712220000055
Obtaining GM (1, 1) whitening model
Figure BDA0002732712220000056
Thereby obtaining an analog sequence
Figure BDA0002732712220000057
The simulation value of the abnormal segment 5106-5110m is obtained
Figure BDA0002732712220000058
Wherein q is the number of outliers.
For the same reason, the predicted values of the drilling time, the drilling pressure and the rotation speed are obtained, as shown in 5, 7, 9 and 11 in FIG. 1
Replacing the original value of the abnormal section with the calculated analog value, and obtaining a predicted value in the table 1;
4) substituting each parameter into the following formula to calculate the stratum crushing specific work
Figure BDA0002732712220000059
Wherein
Figure BDA0002732712220000061
v2＝2πnR
S＝πR2
Figure BDA0002732712220000062
Is the resultant force;
Figure BDA0002732712220000063
the resultant speed is obtained;
in the formula: w-specific work of crushing, kN/m2；Cp-weight on bit, kN; t is0-torque, kN · m; v. of1-drilling speed, m/min; v. of2-the linear speed of rotation of the drill bit, m/min; alpha-the angle between the resultant force and the resultant velocity; n-bit speed, r/min; r is the drill radius, m; s-borehole area, m2(ii) a rop-time drilled, min/m.
5) Comparing the obtained crushing specific work with the regional standard crushing specific work to obtain the work ratio
Figure BDA0002732712220000064
In the formula: w is ab-regional standard specific crushing work; p-ratio of work done
6) Evaluating the reservoir drillability according to the grade of the P value and by referring to the regional characteristics, wherein the larger the P value is, the poorer the stratum drillability is, the more compact the stratum is, and the smaller the P value is, the better the reservoir drillability is; and the P value evaluation oil-gas flow standard is established through the actual test result of the regional multiple wells. The reservoir is divided into three grades of 'A, B, C', 'A' grade indicates that the formation drillability is good, pores and cracks develop and natural productivity is expected to be obtained, 'B' grade can obtain productivity after being modified by measures, and 'C' grade indicates that the formation is compact and low in mining value. According to the evaluation criteria of the evaluation area, the evaluation well is divided into three sections, as shown in 1, 2 and 3 in FIG. 1, 5085-. By testing 5085-5114m oil, 21m oil is produced in the period of time3Daily output gas 95356m3And the oil testing conclusion is consistent with the evaluation conclusion.
TABLE 2 formation drillability evaluation criteria
A B C
P≤1 1≤P≤1.3 1.3≤P
In summary, the disclosure of the present invention is not limited to the above-mentioned embodiments, and persons skilled in the art can easily set forth other embodiments within the technical teaching of the present invention, but such embodiments are included in the scope of the present invention.

Claims (4)

1. A stratum drillability evaluation method based on grey prediction is characterized by comprising the following steps:
(1) collecting engineering parameters of a well section to be evaluated according to a certain interval, wherein the engineering parameters comprise well depth, drilling time, drilling pressure, drill bit rotating speed, torque and drill bit size;
(2) judging abnormal values of engineering parameters according to the sudden change of the bit pressure, the torque, the rotating speed and the drilling data;
(3) the method for processing the abnormal value by using the gray prediction method comprises the following steps:
collecting data of n points before an abnormal value, establishing a data original sequence, and recording the data original sequence as:
X(0)＝{x(0)(1)，x(0)(2)，…，x(0)(n)}；
wherein X(0)Is a sequence of engineering parameters, and X(0)(k) The number of the data is more than or equal to 0, k is 1, 2, …, and n is the number of the data;
introduction of second-order weakening operator D2Let us order
X(0)D＝{x(0)(1)d，x(0)(2)d，…，x(0)(n)d}；
Wherein
Figure FDA0003283854160000011
And
Figure FDA0003283854160000012
wherein
Figure FDA0003283854160000013
1-AGO sequence X of X(1)Is composed of
X(1)＝{x(1)(1)，x(1)(2)，…，x(1)(n)}
Wherein
x(1)(k)＝x(1)+x(2)+…+x(k)
Establishing a GM (1, 1) gray prediction model:
Figure FDA0003283854160000014
and the estimated values of a and b are obtained by the least square method
Figure FDA0003283854160000015
Obtaining GM (1, 1) whitening model
Figure FDA0003283854160000016
Thereby obtaining an analog sequence
Figure FDA0003283854160000017
Determining an analog value of the abnormal section
Figure FDA0003283854160000018
Wherein q is the number of abnormal segment points
Replacing the original value of the abnormal section with the calculated analog value;
(4) substituting each parameter into the following formula to calculate the stratum crushing specific work
Figure FDA0003283854160000019
Wherein
v2＝2πnR
In the formula: w-specific work of crushing, kN/m2；Cp-weight on bit, kN; t is0-torque, kN · m; v. of1-drilling speed, m/min; v. of2-the linear speed of rotation of the drill bit, m/min; alpha-the angle between the resultant force and the resultant velocity; n-bit speed, r/min; r is the drill radius, m; s-borehole area, m2；
(5) Comparing the obtained crushing specific work with the regional standard crushing specific work, and judging the rock drillability of the rock at the bottom of the well
Figure FDA0003283854160000021
In the formula: w is ab-regional standard specific crushing work; p-ratio of work done
(6) Evaluating the reservoir drillability according to the grade of the P value and by referring to the regional characteristics, wherein the larger the P value is, the poorer the stratum drillability is, the more compact the stratum is, and the smaller the P value is, the better the reservoir drillability is; and the P value evaluation oil-gas flow standard is established through the actual test result of the regional multiple wells.
2. The grey prediction based formation drillability evaluation method of claim 1, wherein the step (6) divides the reservoir into three levels "A, B, C
Formation drillability evaluation criteria
A B C P＜1 1≤P＜1.3 1.3≤P
The 'A' level indicates that the formation drillability is good, pores and cracks develop, and natural productivity is expected to be obtained; the 'B' level can obtain productivity after being modified by measures, and the 'C' level indicates that the stratum is compact and the mining value is low.
3. The method for evaluating formation drillability based on grey prediction according to claim 1, wherein the sudden change in step (2) means that any one of weight-on-bit, torque, rotation speed and time-on-bit is zeroed or increased to 2 times or more of a basic value.
4. The method for evaluating formation drillability based on gray prediction as claimed in claim 1, wherein n in (3) ranges from 5 to 10.
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