CN112255009B - Soil measuring device for measuring soil components and application method thereof - Google Patents
Soil measuring device for measuring soil components and application method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN112255009B CN112255009B CN202011109255.3A CN202011109255A CN112255009B CN 112255009 B CN112255009 B CN 112255009B CN 202011109255 A CN202011109255 A CN 202011109255A CN 112255009 B CN112255009 B CN 112255009B
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N1/00—Sampling; Preparing specimens for investigation
- G01N1/02—Devices for withdrawing samples
- G01N1/04—Devices for withdrawing samples in the solid state, e.g. by cutting
- G01N1/08—Devices for withdrawing samples in the solid state, e.g. by cutting involving an extracting tool, e.g. core bit
Abstract
The invention discloses a soil measuring device for measuring soil ingredients and a use method thereof, and relates to the technical field of soil sampling and measuring devices. According to the invention, the problems that soil sampling and measuring samples are separated in the prior art, and a soil columnar sample is easy to receive and squeeze to cause measuring samples and a series of subsequent measuring errors when a manual soil collector is used for sampling are solved by arranging the sampling tube, the limiting annular groove, the movable lock catch, the limiting plate, the grid plate, the top cover, the adjusting bolt and the groove.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of soil sampling and measuring devices, in particular to a soil measuring device for measuring soil components in soil science and a using method thereof.
Background
The soil science is a science taking a loose layer of green plants capable of growing on the earth land surface as an object and researching the motion rule of substances in the loose layer and the relation between the loose layer and the environment, is one of basic subjects of agricultural science, and mainly comprises soil composition, physical, chemical and biological characteristics of soil, occurrence and evolution of the soil, classification and distribution of the soil, development, utilization, improvement, protection and the like of the soil, and aims to provide theoretical basis and scientific methods for reasonably utilizing soil resources, eliminating soil low-yield factors, preventing soil degradation, improving soil fertility level and the like, so that the soil composition measurement research has extremely important significance.
Under the general condition, soil is collected by adopting a soil collector, a manual collecting cutter drill and a motor-driven soil collecting drill are arranged, when the soil is collected in the field, the manual collecting cutter drill is light, detachable and portable, so that the use frequency is high, the soil collector is vertically inserted into the ground when in use, a soil columnar sample can be obtained after the soil collector is pulled out, and then the soil columnar sample is brought back to a laboratory through a sample passing device for subsequent sample measurement, namely. However, the soil volume measurement at the later stage is inconvenient to collect, because the depth control is inaccurate when the soil columnar sample is collected, the soil columnar sample is easy to squeeze during the collection, the soil volume is reduced, the taken soil columnar sample cannot be restored to the original state at the moment, and errors with different degrees exist in a subsequent series of experiments and measurement, so that the influence is extremely serious.
Disclosure of Invention
(one) solving the technical problems
Aiming at the defects of the prior art, the invention provides a soil sample measuring device for soil science component measurement and a use method thereof, which solve the problems that soil sampling and measuring sample are separated in the prior art, and a soil columnar sample is easy to be extruded to cause measuring sample and a series of subsequent measuring errors when the manual soil sample collector is used for sampling.
(II) technical scheme
In order to achieve the above purpose, the present invention provides the following technical solutions: the utility model provides a soil sample ware is used in composition survey of soil science, includes handle, connecting rod and sampling pipe, the vertical direction equidistance in surface of connecting rod is provided with spacing ring channel, and the surface of connecting rod is provided with movable hasp, movable hasp and spacing ring channel activity joint, movable hasp and limiting plate fixed connection, the limiting plate is located the below of movable hasp and the activity cup joints the surface at the connecting rod.
The bottom of connecting rod is provided with the top cap, the connecting rod is connected for dismantling respectively with handle and top cap, the lower surface of top cap is provided with the push pedal, the top of push pedal is provided with the dead lever, the top of dead lever runs through the top cap and with solid fixed ring's lower fixed surface connection, and gu fixed ring activity cup joints the surface at the connecting rod, the sampling pipe sets up the bottom at the top cap, the top of top cap is provided with adjusting bolt, the top of sampling pipe is provided with the connecting piece, adjusting bolt and connecting piece threaded connection.
The sampling tube is a cylinder of standard shape or a regular prism with a cavity, the grid plate is arranged in the sampling tube, the pushing plate is positioned in the grid of the grid plate, the pushing plate is matched with the grid of the grid plate in shape and size, the grid plate and the top of the sampling tube are positioned at the same height, and the height of the grid plate is not less than that of the sampling tube.
Preferably, the top of connecting rod is external screw thread structure, the bottom of connecting rod is internal screw thread structure, and the top of top cap be provided with connecting rod bottom internal screw thread structure threaded connection's arch.
Preferably, the handle comprises a handle rod and a handle sleeve movably sleeved on the surface of the handle rod, wherein the handle rod is a hollow steel pipe, and the handle sleeve is a nylon rubber sleeve with anti-skid patterns on the surface.
Preferably, the movable lock catch comprises a guide sleeve movably sleeved on the surface of the connecting rod and a spring catch symmetrically arranged on the surface of the guide sleeve, the spring catch is rotationally connected with the guide sleeve, and one end of the spring catch penetrates through the guide sleeve and is inserted into the limiting annular groove.
Preferably, the distance between two adjacent spacing ring grooves on the surface of the connecting rod and the vertical distance between one end of the spacing ring groove and the upper surface of the spacing plate, which are inserted by the spring buckle, are equal to the height of the sampling tube, the vertical distance between the lower surface of the spacing plate and the top end of the sampling tube is equal to the positive integer multiple of the height of the sampling tube, and the length of the fixing rod is not less than the height of the sampling tube.
Preferably, the lower surface of the top cover is provided with a groove which is matched with the shape and the size of the push plate.
Preferably, the bottom of the adjusting bolt is rotationally connected with the top cover, and the top of the adjusting bolt is provided with an inner hexagonal groove.
Preferably, the limiting plate comprises a baffle ring and a retainer ring arranged at the bottom of the baffle ring in an integrated mode, wherein the inner diameters of the baffle ring and the retainer ring are equal to each other and are larger than the outer diameter of the fixing ring, and the outer diameter of the retainer ring is equal to or slightly smaller than the outer diameter of the sampling tube.
Preferably, the sampling tube is formed by calcining tungsten-nickel-iron alloy; the smelting method of the W-Ni-Fe alloy comprises the following steps: mixing and smelting tungsten, aluminum, nickel, iron and magnesium in a mass ratio of 0.11:3:0.21:5:2, processing into powder with fineness of 200-300 meshes, smelting the powder again, and pouring the powder into a mold for molding.
The application method of the soil measuring instrument for measuring the soil components comprises the following steps:
a, firstly determining a sampling point, then selecting a pre-experiment sampling point near the sampling point, vertically and slowly inserting the sampling pipe downwards into the ground at a uniform speed until the top of the sampling pipe is just completely embedded into the ground, slowly and uniformly taking out the sampling pipe, and observing the falling degree of the bottom of a soil columnar sample in the sampling pipe, wherein the process is a pre-experiment;
b, rotating the adjusting bolt to adjust the distance between the top cover and the sampling tube, and re-performing the pre-experiment until the distance is adjusted to be within the experimental allowable error, thus obtaining the officially columnar soil sample;
c, when a first soil columnar sample is collected at a sampling point, the sampling tube is vertically and slowly inserted into the ground at a uniform speed downwards until the bottom of the top cover is just leveled with the ground, then the sampling tube is slowly and uniformly taken out, the fixing ring is pushed downwards, and the fixing ring is pushed downwards through the fixing rod and the push plate to take out the soil columnar sample; when a second soil columnar sample is collected, the handle is pressed downwards until the limiting plate contacts the ground, and the pressing is stopped; when the third soil columnar sample is collected and exceeds the third soil columnar sample, before each time of collecting the soil columnar sample, the movable lock catch is upwards moved to the inside of the adjacent limit annular groove, and then the handle is downwards extruded until the limit plate is contacted with the ground, so that extrusion is stopped, and the soil columnar sample is collected.
(III) beneficial effects
The invention provides a soil measuring device for measuring soil components and a use method thereof, which have the following beneficial effects:
according to the invention, the sampling tube, the limiting annular groove, the movable lock catch, the limiting plate and the grid plate are arranged, and when a first soil columnar sample is collected each time, the sampling tube is slightly and carefully inserted into the ground just below; when a second soil columnar sample is collected, the handle is pressed downwards until the limiting plate contacts the ground, and the pressing is stopped; moving the movable lock catch upwards to the inner part of the adjacent limit annular groove before collecting the soil columnar sample every time; therefore, the original volume is not extruded when the soil columnar sample in the sampling tube is collected every time, the original volume is not changed, and because the sampling tube and the grid plate are in the pre-designed standard shape, the volume of the soil columnar sample is determined when the soil columnar sample is collected, the measured volume is not referenced when the soil columnar sample is carried and is subjected to subsequent operation, and meanwhile, the error caused by the original density is greatly reduced, so that the soil columnar sample collecting device has the advantages of simple structure, convenience in use, integration of sampling and measuring, separation of the soil sampling and measuring, and the problems of measuring and a series of subsequent measuring errors caused by extrusion when the soil columnar sample is easily caused when the soil columnar sample is sampled by a manual soil collector are solved.
According to the invention, when the soil columnar sample is collected through the top cover, the adjusting bolt and the groove, the push plate moves to the inside of the groove, so that the volume space of the soil columnar sample is not occupied, and the accuracy of collection and measurement is improved; the distance between the top cover and the sampling tube can be adjusted through the adjusting bolt, which means that the volume inside the sampling tube can be increased, and the device is characterized in that when the sampling tube is taken out, the viscosity of different soil columnar samples is different, the bottom of some soil columnar samples has a falling phenomenon, the falling degree is observed only by pre-experiment before collection, the distance between the top cover and the sampling tube can be adjusted by upward moving, the error caused by the falling degree can be reduced, the collection and measurement accuracy can be further improved, and the device has remarkable advantages compared with the prior art.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the structure of the movable lock catch of the present invention in position;
FIG. 3 is a front cross-sectional view of the present invention in place of a boot latch;
FIG. 4 is a front cross-sectional view of an embodiment of the present invention in which a top cover is positioned;
FIG. 5 is a top view of a top cover in place according to an embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 6 is a bottom view of a collection tube in place according to an embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 7 is a top view of the two top covers according to the embodiment of the invention;
fig. 8 is a bottom view of a second embodiment of the invention in position with a collection tube.
In the figure: 1. a handle; 101. a handle bar; 102. a handle sleeve; 2. a connecting rod; 3. a sampling tube; 4. a limit annular groove; 5. a movable lock catch; 501. guide sleeve; 502. a spring buckle; 6. a limiting plate; 601. a baffle ring; 602. a retainer ring; 7. a top cover; 8. a push plate; 9. a fixed rod; 10. a fixing ring; 11. an adjusting bolt; 12. a connecting piece; 13. a grid plate; 14. a groove.
Detailed Description
The following description of the embodiments of the present invention will be made clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which it is apparent that the embodiments described are only some embodiments of the present invention, but not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the invention.
Example 1
As shown in fig. 1-6, the present invention provides a technical solution: the invention discloses a soil measuring device for measuring soil components, which comprises a handle 1, a connecting rod 2 and a sampling tube 3, wherein other parts except a handle sleeve 102 can be made of stainless steel, limiting annular grooves 4 are formed in the surface of the connecting rod 2 at equal intervals in the vertical direction, movable lock catches 5 are arranged on the surface of the connecting rod 2, the movable lock catches 5 are movably clamped with the limiting annular grooves 4, the movable lock catches 5 are fixedly connected with a limiting plate 6, and the limiting plate 6 is positioned below the movable lock catches 5 and movably sleeved on the surface of the connecting rod 2.
The bottom of connecting rod 2 is provided with top cap 7, connecting rod 2 and handle 1 and top cap 7 are respectively can dismantle the connection, the lower surface of top cap 7 is provided with push pedal 8, the top of push pedal 8 is provided with dead lever 9, the top of dead lever 9 runs through top cap 7 and with solid fixed ring 10's lower fixed surface connection, and gu fixed ring 10 activity cup joints the surface at connecting rod 2, sampling tube 3 sets up the bottom at top cap 7, the top of top cap 7 is provided with adjusting bolt 11, the top of sampling tube 3 is provided with connecting piece 12, adjusting bolt 11 and connecting piece 12 threaded connection, rotate adjusting bolt 11 and drive top cap 7 and reciprocate the change position.
The sampling tube 3 is a cylinder with a standard shape, the space between the grid plate 13 and the sampling tube 3 is filled with a mould during manufacturing, and the volume of the measuring mould is the volume of the soil columnar sample; the volume of the sampling tube 3 can be obtained by measuring and calculating, the volume of the sampling tube 3 is subtracted by the volume of the grid plate 13, the volume of the sampling tube 3 is obtained by multiplying the square of half of the inner diameter by the circumference rate by the height of the sampling tube 3, the width of one piece of the grid plate 13 is multiplied by the height of the other piece of the sampling tube, the total piece number is multiplied by the volume obtained by multiplying the thickness, the volume of the overlapped part is subtracted, the volume of the overlapped part is the thickness multiplied by the thickness, the volume for collecting the soil columnar sample can be determined in advance, the grid plate 13 is arranged in the sampling tube 3, the push plate 8 is positioned in the grid of the grid plate 13, the push plate 8 is matched with the grid shape and the size of the grid plate 13, the grid plate 13 is positioned at the same height as the top of the sampling tube 3, and the height of the grid plate 13 is not less than the height of the sampling tube 3.
As a technical optimization scheme of the invention, the top of the connecting rod 2 is of an external thread structure, the bottom of the connecting rod 2 is of an internal thread structure, the top of the top cover 7 is provided with a bulge in threaded connection with the internal thread structure at the bottom of the connecting rod 2, and the connecting rod 2 can be customized in different lengths and numbers according to requirements and can be assembled freely, so that soil with different depths can be sampled.
As a technical optimization scheme of the invention, the handle 1 comprises a handle bar 101 and a handle sleeve 102 movably sleeved on the surface of the handle bar 101, the handle bar 101 is a hollow steel tube, and the handle sleeve 102 is a nylon rubber sleeve with anti-skid patterns on the surface, and when in use, the handle sleeve 102 can rotate, thereby being convenient for a user to adjust the angle between an arm and the connecting rod 2, conforming to the man-machine relationship, and saving labor and being convenient to use.
As a technical optimization scheme of the invention, the movable lock catch 5 comprises a guide sleeve 501 movably sleeved on the surface of the connecting rod 2 and a spring buckle 502 symmetrically arranged on the surface of the guide sleeve 501, the spring buckle 502 is rotationally connected with the guide sleeve 501, one end of the spring buckle 502 penetrates through the guide sleeve 501 and is inserted into the limit annular groove 4, and the top end of the spring buckle 502 is extruded to enable the lower end to be separated from the limit annular groove 4, so that the movable lock catch 5 is convenient to move, lock and unlock.
As a technical optimization scheme of the invention, the distance between two adjacent limit annular grooves 4 on the surface of the connecting rod 2 and the vertical distance between one end of the limit annular groove 4 and the upper surface of the limit plate 6, which are inserted into the limit buckle 502, are equal to the height of the sampling tube 3, the vertical distance between the lower surface of the limit plate 6 and the top end of the sampling tube 3 is equal to the positive integer multiple of the height of the sampling tube 3, the length of the fixing rod 9 is not less than the height of the sampling tube 3, the depth of the soil columnar sample collected downwards in the collection process is determined, and whether the soil columnar sample is collected in place or not is insufficient can be judged from the outside, so that the insufficient collection and the extrusion of the soil columnar sample are avoided.
As a technical optimization scheme of the invention, the lower surface of the top cover 7 is provided with the groove 14 which is matched with the shape and the size of the push plate 8, and the push plate 8 is arranged in the groove 14 when the soil columnar sample is collected, so that the error of the soil columnar sample volume caused by the volume of the push plate 8 is avoided, the overall error is reduced, and the accuracy is improved.
As a technical optimization scheme of the invention, the bottom of the adjusting bolt 11 is rotationally connected with the top cover 7, the top of the adjusting bolt 11 is provided with the inner hexagonal groove, the distance between the top cover 7 and the sampling tube 3 can be adjusted through the adjusting bolt 11, the volume inside the sampling tube 3 is increased, errors caused by falling of the bottom of a certain soil columnar sample are counteracted, the precision of collection and measurement is improved, and the phenomenon of falling of the bottom of the soil columnar sample can be determined by carrying out a pre-experiment near the current sampling point before the regular soil columnar sample is collected.
As a technical optimization scheme of the invention, the limiting plate 6 comprises the baffle ring 601 and the retainer ring 602 which is integrally arranged at the bottom of the baffle ring 601, the inner diameters of the baffle ring 601 and the retainer ring 602 are equal to and are larger than the outer diameter of the fixed ring 10, the outer diameter of the retainer ring 602 is equal to or slightly smaller than the outer diameter of the sampling tube 3, the limiting plate 6 is in contact with the ground when a soil columnar sample is collected, the bottom collection depth can be determined to be in place, and at the moment, the retainer ring 602 is supported on the inner wall of a collection hole, so that the confusion of the components of the soil columnar sample collected next time is avoided due to collapse.
As a technical optimization scheme of the invention, the sampling tube (3) is formed by calcining tungsten-nickel-iron alloy; the smelting method of the W-Ni-Fe alloy comprises the following steps: mixing and smelting tungsten, aluminum, nickel, iron and magnesium in a mass ratio of 0.11:3:0.21:5:2, processing into powder with fineness of 200-300 meshes, smelting the powder again, and pouring the powder into a mold for molding.
Example two
As shown in fig. 1-3, fig. 7 and fig. 8, the present invention provides a technical solution: the utility model provides a soil sample ware is used in composition survey of soil science, includes handle 1, connecting rod 2 and sampling tube 3, and the vertical direction equidistance in surface of connecting rod 2 is provided with spacing ring channel 4, and the surface of connecting rod 2 is provided with movable hasp 5, movable hasp 5 and spacing ring channel 4 activity joint, movable hasp 5 and limiting plate 6 fixed connection, limiting plate 6 are located the below of movable hasp 5 and the activity cup joints the surface at connecting rod 2.
The bottom of connecting rod 2 is provided with top cap 7, connecting rod 2 and handle 1 and top cap 7 are respectively can dismantle the connection, the lower surface of top cap 7 is provided with push pedal 8, the top of push pedal 8 is provided with dead lever 9, the top of dead lever 9 runs through top cap 7 and with solid fixed ring 10's lower surface fixed connection, and gu fixed ring 10 activity cup joints the surface at connecting rod 2, sampling tube 3 sets up the bottom at top cap 7, the top of top cap 7 is provided with adjusting bolt 11, the top of sampling tube 3 is provided with connecting piece 12, adjusting bolt 11 and connecting piece 12 threaded connection.
The sampling tube 3 is a regular prism with a cavity in a standard shape, the space between the grid plate 13 and the sampling tube 3 is filled with a mould during manufacturing, and the volume of the measuring mould is the volume of the soil columnar sample; the volume of the sampling tube 3 can be obtained by measuring and calculating, the volume of the sampling tube 3 is subtracted by the volume of the grid plate 13, the volume of the sampling tube 3 is obtained by multiplying the length by the width by the height of the inner cavity, the volume obtained by multiplying the width by the height of one of the grid plates 13 by the thickness is multiplied by the total number of pieces, the volume of the overlapped part is subtracted, the volume of the overlapped part is the thickness by the height, the volume of the collected soil columnar sample can be determined in advance, the grid plate 13 is arranged in the sampling tube 3, the push plate 8 is positioned in the grid of the grid plate 13, the push plate 8 is matched with the grid shape and the size of the grid plate 13, the grid plate 13 and the top of the sampling tube 3 are positioned at the same height, and the height of the grid plate 13 is not less than the height of the sampling tube 3.
As a technical optimization scheme of the invention, the top of the connecting rod 2 is of an external thread structure, the bottom of the connecting rod 2 is of an internal thread structure, the top of the top cover 7 is provided with a bulge in threaded connection with the internal thread structure at the bottom of the connecting rod 2, and the connecting rod 2 can be customized in different lengths and numbers according to requirements and can be assembled freely, so that soil with different depths can be sampled.
As a technical optimization scheme of the invention, the handle 1 comprises a handle bar 101 and a handle sleeve 102 movably sleeved on the surface of the handle bar 101, the handle bar 101 is a hollow steel tube, and the handle sleeve 102 is a nylon rubber sleeve with anti-skid patterns on the surface, and when in use, the handle sleeve 102 can rotate, thereby being convenient for a user to adjust the angle between an arm and the connecting rod 2, conforming to the man-machine relationship, and saving labor and being convenient to use.
As a technical optimization scheme of the invention, the movable lock catch 5 comprises a guide sleeve 501 movably sleeved on the surface of the connecting rod 2 and a spring buckle 502 symmetrically arranged on the surface of the guide sleeve 501, the spring buckle 502 is rotationally connected with the guide sleeve 501, one end of the spring buckle 502 penetrates through the guide sleeve 501 and is inserted into the limit annular groove 4, and the top end of the spring buckle 502 is extruded to enable the lower end to be separated from the limit annular groove 4, so that the movable lock catch 5 is convenient to move, lock and unlock.
As a technical optimization scheme of the invention, the distance between two adjacent limit annular grooves 4 on the surface of the connecting rod 2 and the vertical distance between one end of the limit annular groove 4 and the upper surface of the limit plate 6, which are inserted into the limit buckle 502, are equal to the height of the sampling tube 3, the vertical distance between the lower surface of the limit plate 6 and the top end of the sampling tube 3 is equal to the positive integer multiple of the height of the sampling tube 3, the length of the fixing rod 9 is not less than the height of the sampling tube 3, the depth of the soil columnar sample collected downwards in the collection process is determined, and whether the soil columnar sample is collected in place or not is insufficient can be judged from the outside, so that the insufficient collection and the extrusion of the soil columnar sample are avoided.
As a technical optimization scheme of the invention, the lower surface of the top cover 7 is provided with the groove 14 which is matched with the shape and the size of the push plate 8, and the push plate 8 is arranged in the groove 14 when the soil columnar sample is collected, so that the error of the soil columnar sample volume caused by the volume of the push plate 8 is avoided, the overall error is reduced, and the accuracy is improved.
As a technical optimization scheme of the invention, the bottom of the adjusting bolt 11 is rotationally connected with the top cover 7, the top of the adjusting bolt 11 is provided with the inner hexagonal groove, the distance between the top cover 7 and the sampling tube 3 can be adjusted through the adjusting bolt 11, the volume inside the sampling tube 3 is increased, errors caused by falling of the bottom of a certain soil columnar sample are counteracted, the precision of collection and measurement is improved, and the phenomenon of falling of the bottom of the soil columnar sample can be determined by carrying out a pre-experiment near the current sampling point before the regular soil columnar sample is collected.
As a technical optimization scheme of the invention, the limiting plate 6 comprises the baffle ring 601 and the retainer ring 602 which is integrally arranged at the bottom of the baffle ring 601, the inner diameters of the baffle ring 601 and the retainer ring 602 are equal to and are larger than the outer diameter of the fixed ring 10, the outer diameter of the retainer ring 602 is equal to or slightly smaller than the outer diameter of the sampling tube 3, the limiting plate 6 is in contact with the ground when a soil columnar sample is collected, the bottom collection depth can be determined to be in place, and at the moment, the retainer ring 602 is supported on the inner wall of a collection hole, so that the confusion of the components of the soil columnar sample collected next time is avoided due to collapse.
As a technical optimization scheme of the invention, the sampling tube (3) is formed by calcining tungsten-nickel-iron alloy; the smelting method of the W-Ni-Fe alloy comprises the following steps: mixing and smelting tungsten, aluminum, nickel, iron and magnesium in a mass ratio of 0.11:3:0.21:5:2, processing into powder with fineness of 200-300 meshes, smelting the powder again, and pouring the powder into a mold for molding.
The application method comprises the following steps: firstly, determining a sampling point, then selecting a pre-experiment sampling point near the sampling point, vertically and slowly inserting the sampling pipe 3 downwards into the ground at a uniform speed until the top of the sampling pipe 3 is just completely embedded into the ground, slowly and uniformly taking out the sampling pipe 3, observing the falling degree of the bottom of a soil columnar sample in the sampling pipe 3, wherein the process is pre-experiment, and then rotating an adjusting bolt 11 to adjust the distance of a top cover 7 above the sampling pipe 3, and re-performing the pre-experiment until the adjustment is within experimental tolerance, thus obtaining the formal soil columnar sample collection work; when a first soil columnar sample is collected at a sampling point, the sampling tube 3 is slowly and uniformly inserted into the ground vertically downwards until the bottom of the top cover 7 is just leveled with the ground, then the sampling tube 3 is slowly and uniformly taken out, the fixing ring 10 is pushed downwards, and the fixing ring 10 is pushed downwards through the fixing rod 9 and the push plate 8 to take out the soil columnar sample; when a second soil columnar sample is collected, the handle 1 is pressed downwards until the limiting plate 6 contacts the ground, and the pressing is stopped; when the third soil columnar sample is collected and exceeds the third soil columnar sample, before each time of collecting the soil columnar sample, the movable lock catch 5 is moved upwards to the inside of the adjacent limit annular groove 4, then the handle 1 is pressed downwards until the limit plate 6 is contacted with the ground, and the pressing is stopped, so that the soil columnar sample is collected. Therefore, the soil columnar sample in the sampling tube 3 is not extruded during the collection every time, the original volume is not changed, and because the sampling tube 3 and the grid plate 13 are in the pre-designed standard shape, the volume of the soil columnar sample is determined during the collection, the effect of simultaneous collection and sample measurement is achieved, the measured volume is not referenced due to the fact that the original density is changed during carrying and subsequent operation, and meanwhile, the error caused by the measurement is greatly reduced.
In summary, the invention solves the problems that in the prior art, soil sampling and measuring samples are separated, and a manual soil collector is easy to cause that a soil columnar sample is extruded to cause measuring samples and a series of subsequent measuring errors are caused by arranging the sampling tube 3, the limiting annular groove 4, the movable lock catch 5, the limiting plate 6, the grid plate 13, the top cover 7, the adjusting bolt 11 and the groove 14.
It should be noted that in this document, terms such as "comprises," "comprising," or any other variation thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements does not include only those elements but may include other elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus.
Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made therein without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined in the appended claims and their equivalents.
Claims (10)
1. The utility model provides a soil sample ware is used in composition survey of soil science, includes handle (1), connecting rod (2) and sampling tube (3), its characterized in that: the surface of the connecting rod (2) is provided with limit annular grooves (4) at equal intervals in the vertical direction, the surface of the connecting rod (2) is provided with movable lock catches (5), the movable lock catches (5) are movably clamped with the limit annular grooves (4), the movable lock catches (5) are fixedly connected with a limit plate (6), and the limit plate (6) is positioned below the movable lock catches (5) and is movably sleeved on the surface of the connecting rod (2);
the bottom of connecting rod (2) is provided with top cap (7), connecting rod (2) are respectively for dismantling with handle (1) and top cap (7) and are connected, the lower surface of top cap (7) is provided with push pedal (8), the top of push pedal (8) is provided with dead lever (9), the top of dead lever (9) runs through top cap (7) and with the lower surface fixed connection of solid fixed ring (10), and gu fixed ring (10) activity cup joints the surface at connecting rod (2), sampling tube (3) set up in the bottom of top cap (7), the top of top cap (7) is provided with adjusting bolt (11), the top of sampling tube (3) is provided with connecting piece (12), adjusting bolt (11) and connecting piece (12) threaded connection;
the sampling tube (3) is a cylinder of standard shape or a regular prism with a cavity, the grid plate (13) is arranged in the sampling tube (3), the pushing plate (8) is positioned in the grid of the grid plate (13), the pushing plate (8) is matched with the grid shape and the size of the grid plate (13), the top of the grid plate (13) and the top of the sampling tube (3) are positioned at the same height, and the height of the grid plate (13) is not less than that of the sampling tube (3).
2. The soil sampler for measuring soil components according to claim 1, wherein: the top of connecting rod (2) is external screw thread structure, the bottom of connecting rod (2) is internal screw thread structure, and the top of top cap (7) is provided with the protruding with connecting rod (2) bottom internal screw thread structure threaded connection.
3. The soil sampler for measuring soil components according to claim 1, wherein: the handle (1) comprises a handle bar (101) and a handle sleeve (102) movably sleeved on the surface of the handle bar (101), wherein the handle bar (101) is a hollow steel pipe, and the handle sleeve (102) is a nylon rubber sleeve with anti-skid patterns on the surface.
4. The soil sampler for measuring soil components according to claim 1, wherein: the movable lock catch (5) comprises a guide sleeve (501) movably sleeved on the surface of the connecting rod (2) and a spring catch (502) symmetrically arranged on the surface of the guide sleeve (501), the spring catch (502) is rotationally connected with the guide sleeve (501), and one end of the spring catch (502) penetrates through the guide sleeve (501) and is inserted into the limiting annular groove (4).
5. The soil sample measuring device for measuring a soil constituent according to claim 4, wherein: the distance between two adjacent spacing ring grooves (4) on the surface of the connecting rod (2) and the vertical distance between one end of the spacing ring groove (4) and the upper surface of the spacing plate (6) are equal to the height of the sampling tube (3), the vertical distance between the lower surface of the spacing plate (6) and the top end of the sampling tube (3) is equal to positive integer times of the height of the sampling tube (3), and the length of the fixing rod (9) is not less than the height of the sampling tube (3).
6. The soil sampler for measuring soil components according to claim 1, wherein: the lower surface of the top cover (7) is provided with a groove (14) which is matched with the push plate (8) in shape and size.
7. The soil sampler for measuring soil components according to claim 1, wherein: the bottom of the adjusting bolt (11) is rotationally connected with the top cover (7), and an inner hexagonal groove is formed in the top of the adjusting bolt (11).
8. The soil sampler for measuring soil components according to claim 1, wherein: limiting plate (6) are including backing ring (601) and set up in backing ring (601) bottom integrative retaining ring (602), backing ring (601) and retaining ring (602) internal diameter are equal and are greater than the external diameter of fixed ring (10), the external diameter of retaining ring (602) equals or slightly is less than the external diameter of sampling tube (3).
9. The soil sampler for measuring soil components according to claim 1, wherein: the sampling tube (3) is formed by calcining tungsten-nickel-iron alloy; the smelting method of the W-Ni-Fe alloy comprises the following steps: mixing and smelting tungsten, aluminum, nickel, iron and magnesium in a mass ratio of 0.11:3:0.21:5:2, processing into powder with fineness of 200-300 meshes, smelting the powder again, and pouring the powder into a mold for molding.
10. The method of using a soil sample measuring device for use in soil science composition according to any one of claims 1 to 9, wherein the steps of:
a, firstly determining a sampling point, then selecting a pre-experiment sampling point near the sampling point, vertically and slowly inserting the sampling pipe (3) into the ground at a uniform speed until the top of the sampling pipe (3) is just completely embedded into the ground, slowly and uniformly taking out the sampling pipe (3), and observing the falling degree of the bottom of a soil columnar sample in the sampling pipe (3), wherein the process is a pre-experiment;
b, rotating the adjusting bolt (11) to adjust the distance between the top cover (7) and the sampling tube (3), and re-performing the pre-experiment until the distance is adjusted to be within the experimental allowable error, thus obtaining the officinal soil columnar sample collection work;
c, when a first soil columnar sample is collected at a sampling point, the sampling tube (3) is slowly inserted into the ground at a uniform speed vertically downwards until the bottom of the top cover (7) is just leveled with the ground, then the sampling tube (3) is slowly and uniformly taken out, the fixing ring (10) is pushed downwards, and the fixing ring (10) is pushed downwards through the fixing rod (9) and the push plate (8) to take out the soil columnar sample; when a second soil columnar sample is collected, the handle (1) is pressed downwards until the limiting plate (6) contacts the ground, and the pressing is stopped; when the third soil columnar sample is collected and exceeds the third soil columnar sample, before each time of collecting the soil columnar sample, the movable lock catch (5) is moved upwards to the inner part of the adjacent limit annular groove (4), then the handle (1) is extruded downwards until the limit plate (6) is contacted with the ground, extrusion is stopped, and the soil columnar sample is collected.
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