CN112254934A - Bidirectional test system and method for fiber grating filter - Google Patents
Bidirectional test system and method for fiber grating filter Download PDFInfo
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- CN112254934A CN112254934A CN202011122234.5A CN202011122234A CN112254934A CN 112254934 A CN112254934 A CN 112254934A CN 202011122234 A CN202011122234 A CN 202011122234A CN 112254934 A CN112254934 A CN 112254934A
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- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 64
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 47
- 230000002457 bidirectional effect Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 40
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 5
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 113
- 238000010998 test method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 238000003780 insertion Methods 0.000 claims description 25
- 230000037431 insertion Effects 0.000 claims description 25
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 claims description 13
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000013307 optical fiber Substances 0.000 description 10
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000001228 spectrum Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01M—TESTING STATIC OR DYNAMIC BALANCE OF MACHINES OR STRUCTURES; TESTING OF STRUCTURES OR APPARATUS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G01M11/00—Testing of optical apparatus; Testing structures by optical methods not otherwise provided for
- G01M11/02—Testing optical properties
- G01M11/0207—Details of measuring devices
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01M—TESTING STATIC OR DYNAMIC BALANCE OF MACHINES OR STRUCTURES; TESTING OF STRUCTURES OR APPARATUS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G01M11/00—Testing of optical apparatus; Testing structures by optical methods not otherwise provided for
- G01M11/30—Testing of optical devices, constituted by fibre optics or optical waveguides
- G01M11/39—Testing of optical devices, constituted by fibre optics or optical waveguides in which light is projected from both sides of the fiber or waveguide end-face
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Abstract
The invention discloses a bidirectional test system and a method of a fiber grating filter, wherein the system comprises: a light source; a first optical switch, one end of which is connected with the light source; one end of the second optical switch is connected with the spectrometer; a first splitter, one of the splitter ports of which is connected to one of the switch ports of the first optical switch; the other branch port is connected with a switch end of the second optical switch; a second splitter, one of which is connected to the other switch end of the first optical switch; the other branch port is connected with the other switch end of the second optical switch; and the common ends of the first splitter and the second splitter are respectively connected with two ends of the fiber bragg grating bidirectional filter to be tested. The test method and the test system provided by the invention can simultaneously test data in two directions, and have efficiency which is multiplied by that of a common test method and accurate result.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of optical fiber communication, in particular to a bidirectional test method and a test system for performance of an optical fiber grating filter.
Background
The fiber grating as a filter has been widely used in the fields of fiber sensing, fiber communication, fiber laser, and the like. For a uniform fiber grating, its reflection spectrum is not directional, i.e., the test is performed from one end of the device, which is substantially the same as the test from the other end. However, for the chirped fiber grating, the reflection spectrum has obvious directivity, and in order to obtain data in two directions, a one-way test method is usually adopted to perform two measurements, and data in two directions are obtained respectively. But this is inefficient and is prone to errors introduced due to time-sharing testing.
Disclosure of Invention
The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a bidirectional testing method and system for fiber grating filter, which can simultaneously test data in two directions and improve efficiency by several times, aiming at the defects of low testing efficiency and error introduction in the prior art.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention for solving the technical problems is as follows:
a bidirectional test system of a fiber grating filter is provided, which comprises:
a light source;
a first optical switch, one end of which is connected with the light source;
one end of the second optical switch is connected with the spectrometer;
a first splitter, one of the splitter ports of which is connected to one of the switch ports of the first optical switch; the other branch port is connected with a switch end of the second optical switch;
a second splitter, one of which is connected to the other switch end of the first optical switch; the other branch port is connected with the other switch end of the second optical switch;
and the common ends of the first splitter and the second splitter are respectively connected with two ends of the fiber bragg grating bidirectional filter to be tested.
In connection with the above technical solution, the bidirectional test system further comprises a data processor connected to the spectrometer through a network cable and optically connected to the two optical switches through a data cable.
According to the technical scheme, the light source is a 1260nm-1670nm ultra-wideband light source.
According to the technical scheme, the sweep frequency range of the spectrometer is 600nm-1700 nm.
According to the technical scheme, the splitting ratio of the first splitter to the second splitter is 5: 5.
In connection with the above technical solution, the first optical switch and the second optical switch are one-to-two program-controlled optical switches.
In the above technical solution, both the first splitter and the second splitter are replaced by circulators.
The invention also provides a bidirectional test method of the fiber grating filter, and the bidirectional test system of the fiber grating filter based on the technical scheme specifically comprises the following steps:
s1, carrying out system calibration;
s2, the first optical switch is communicated with one shunt end of the first shunt, the second optical switch is communicated with one shunt end of the second shunt, so that light passes through the fiber grating bidirectional filter to be measured in the forward direction, and the spectrometer scans and measures transmission data in the forward direction of the fiber grating bidirectional filter to be measured;
s3, changing the second optical switch to be communicated with the other branch end of the second branch device, and scanning and measuring the reflection data of the fiber bragg grating bidirectional filter to be measured by the spectrometer;
s4, the first optical switch is changed to be communicated with the other branch end of the first branch device, and the spectrometer scans and measures the transmission data in the reverse direction of the fiber bragg grating bidirectional filter to be measured;
s5, changing the second optical switch to be communicated with the other branch end of the second branch device, and scanning and measuring the reflection data in the opposite direction of the fiber bragg grating bidirectional filter to be measured by the spectrometer;
and S6, subtracting the data measured each time from the calibration data, and calculating the insertion loss and the return loss.
According to the technical scheme, when the insertion loss is calculated according to the transmission data, the minimum value of the corresponding wave band is used as the insertion loss of the wave band; and when the insertion loss is calculated according to the reflection data, taking the maximum value of the corresponding wave band as the return loss of the wave band.
And displaying the measurement result of each wave band on a software interface according to the technical scheme.
The invention has the following beneficial effects: the invention can select different paths to perform bidirectional test on the filter simultaneously through two optical switches and two shunts (or circulators), respectively measure the transmission data and the reflection data in the positive and negative directions, and then calculate the insertion loss and the return loss according to the calibration data. Because the bidirectional test can be selected only by switching light on, and the device does not need to be reconnected for carrying out the unidirectional test in a time-sharing way, the measurement error is reduced, the efficiency is multiplied by that of the common unidirectional test method, and the result is more accurate.
Drawings
The invention will be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples, in which:
fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a bidirectional test system of a fiber grating filter according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention is described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not intended to limit the invention.
As shown in fig. 1, the testing system of the embodiment of the present invention mainly includes a light source 10, an optical switch 21, an optical switch 22, a splitter 31, a splitter 32, a spectrometer 40, and a fiber grating bidirectional filter F to be tested.
The light source is connected with the port I of the optical switch 21 through an optical fiber jumper, the port II and the port III of the optical switch 21 are respectively connected with one end of the splitter 31 and one end of the splitter 32 through the optical fiber jumper, the other ends of the splitter 31 and the splitter 32 are respectively connected with the port I and the port III of the optical switch 22 through the optical fiber jumper, the port IV of the optical switch 22 is connected with the spectrometer through the optical fiber jumper, the spectrometer is connected with a computer through a network cable, and the computer is connected with the optical switch 21 and the optical switch 22 through data lines. And the fiber bragg grating bidirectional filter to be tested is connected between the common end (c) of the splitter 31 and the common end (b) of the splitter 32.
The light source can be 1260nm-1670nm ultra-wideband light source, and can also work with other bandwidths, and the connection type of the light outlet is FC/APC.
The bidirectional test system also comprises a data processor which is connected with the spectrograph through a network cable and is optically connected with the two optical switches through a data cable. In the embodiment of the present invention, the computer 50 is used as a data processor. The test software can be written in a computer, namely the bidirectional test method of the fiber grating filter is written into the test software.
The spectrometer is in a frequency sweep range of 600nm-1700nm, the connection type of the light inlet is FC/PC, and the spectrometer is connected with a computer through a network cable to carry out data acquisition and instruction control.
The optical switch 21 and the optical switch 22 are one-to-two program-controlled optical switches, and are respectively connected with a computer through data lines, under the control of computer instructions, the optical switch 21 and the optical switch 22 perform independent channel switching, and each optical switch can only be connected with one channel at the same time.
The splitter 31 and splitter 32 are 5:5 splitters (circulators may also be used) for splitting ratio.
The bidirectional test system also comprises a data processor which is connected with the spectrograph through a network cable and is optically connected with the two optical switches through a data cable. The computer 50 is connected with the spectrometer and the optical switch, and controls the optical switch 21 and the optical switch 22 to switch channels; controlling the spectrometer, sending a scanning instruction and acquiring data; meanwhile, the computer is provided with analysis and calculation software, and required data results are calculated and displayed through processing of collected data;
the fiber bragg grating bidirectional filter F to be tested is a tested object, two ends of the fiber bragg grating bidirectional filter F to be tested are respectively connected with a public end (c) of the branching unit 31 and a public end (b) of the branching unit 32, and the fiber bragg grating bidirectional filter F has directivity and is divided into a direction (a) and a direction (b);
when the port I and the port II of the optical switch 21 and the port II and the port III of the optical switch 22 are connected, the test result is the reflection data of the fiber grating bidirectional filter to be tested in the direction of a;
when the port I and the port II of the optical switch 21 and the port II of the optical switch 22 are connected, the test result is transmission data in the direction of the filter a;
when the port I and the port III of the optical switch 21 are connected and the port II and the port IV of the optical switch 22 are connected, the test result is the reflection data in the direction of the filter b;
when the port I and the port III of the optical switch 21 are connected and the port II and the port III of the optical switch 22 are connected, the test result is transmission data in the direction of the filter b;
the test system is not limited to testing fiber grating bidirectional filters, and is applicable to tail fiber type optical filters.
The test system provided by the invention is mainly used for testing the insertion loss and return loss data of the fiber grating filter within the 1260nm-1660nm range. Generally, in order to show the actual performance of the device in each channel of optical fiber communication, corresponding insertion loss and return loss are usually given for each wavelength band, and the data table is shown in table 1 below (for example, without being limited to specific values):
insertion return loss data table of fiber grating filter in table 11260 nm-1660nm range
The working principle and process of the system are briefly described below. The system is calibrated firstly to eliminate the influence of the optical device and the line loss on the test result. The specific operation is as follows:
opening the testing equipment to communicate the system port (c) with the port (b): the port I and the port II of the optical switch 21 are connected, the port I and the port II of the optical switch 22 are connected, and the calibration data of the test system at the moment is recorded as a reference IL 1; the port (r) and the port (c) of the optical switch 21 are turned on, the port (r) and the port (r) of the optical switch 22 are turned on, and calibration data of the test system at this time is recorded as a reference IL 2. The port of the optical switch 21 is connected to the port of the optical switch 22, the port of the optical switch 22 is connected to the port of the optical switch, calibration data of the test system at the time is recorded as a reference RL1, the port of the optical switch 21 is connected to the port of the optical switch, the port of the optical switch 22 is connected to the port of the optical switch, and calibration data of the test system at the time is recorded as a reference RL 2.
Welding the fiber grating bidirectional filter between a system port (c) and a port (b): the port I and the port II of the optical switch 21 are connected, the port I and the port II of the optical switch 22 are connected, and the test data IL1 degrees of the system at the moment are recorded; the port (r) and the port (c) of the optical switch 21 are connected, the port (r) and the port (r) of the optical switch 22 are connected, and the test data IL2 degree of the system is recorded. The port (r) of the optical switch 21 is connected with the port (r), the port (r) of the optical switch 22 is connected with the port (r), the test data RL1 of the system is recorded, the port (r) of the optical switch 21 is connected with the port (r), the port (r) of the optical switch 22 is connected with the port (r), and the test data RL2 of the system is recorded.
Assume a-b is forward and b-a is reverse.
In the a-b direction: for the insertion loss, the measured data is subtracted by the calibration data IL 1-IL 1, namely the insertion loss in the direction. Then, the minimum value of the insertion loss of the wave band is found out on the corresponding wave bands, namely the insertion loss of the device in the wave band. For return loss, the measured data minus the calibration data RL 1-RL 1 is the insertion loss in this direction. Then, the maximum value of the return loss of the wave band is found out on the corresponding wave bands, namely the return loss of the device in the wave band.
In the reverse direction of b-a: for the insertion loss, the measured data is subtracted by the calibration data IL 2-IL 2, namely the insertion loss in the direction. Then, the minimum value of the insertion loss of the wave band is found out on the corresponding wave bands, namely the insertion loss of the device in the wave band. For return loss, the measured data minus the calibration data RL 2-RL 2 is the insertion loss in this direction. Then, the maximum value of the return loss of the wave band is found out on the corresponding wave bands, namely the return loss of the device in the wave band.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the light source 10, the optical switch 21, the optical switch 22, the splitter 31, the splitter 32, the spectrometer 40, and the computer 50 are connected according to the connection manner of fig. 1, wherein the connection among the light source 10, the spectrometer 40, the optical switch 21, the optical switch 22, the splitter 31, and the splitter 32 uses optical fiber jumpers, in order to ensure the stability of the test system, the connection is performed by using jumper connectors at the equipment interfaces, and the other joints are fused by using optical fibers; the computer 50 is connected with the spectrometer 40 by a network cable, and the computer 50 is connected with the optical switch 21 and the optical switch 22 by a data cable. The common end of the splitter 31 and the common end of the splitter 32 are connected in an air-to-air manner so as to access the filter to be tested.
The optical fibers at both ends of the filter are connected to the common end of the splitter 31 and the common end of the splitter 32 by fusion splicing, and for convenience of explanation, it is assumed that the common end of the splitter 31 is connected to the a end of the filter and the common end of the splitter 32 is connected to the b end of the filter.
Switching on a test light source, a spectrometer, an optical switch and other equipment power supplies, and turning on test equipment; and opening the computer, opening the test software and preparing for test work.
The bidirectional test method of the fiber grating filter of the preferred embodiment mainly comprises a system calibration step and a test step, and specifically comprises the following steps:
system calibration: communicating a system port (c) with a port (b), communicating a port (c) and a port (c) of an optical switch 21, communicating a port (c) and a port (c) of an optical switch 22, and recording calibration data of the test system at the moment as a reference IL 1; the port (r) and the port (c) of the optical switch 21 are turned on, the port (r) and the port (r) of the optical switch 22 are turned on, and calibration data of the test system at this time is recorded as a reference IL 2. The port of the optical switch 21 is connected to the port of the optical switch 22, the port of the optical switch 22 is connected to the port of the optical switch, calibration data of the test system at the time is recorded as a reference RL1, the port of the optical switch 21 is connected to the port of the optical switch, the port of the optical switch 22 is connected to the port of the optical switch, and calibration data of the test system at the time is recorded as a reference RL 2.
Testing step 1: under the instruction of test software, the port I and the port II of the optical switch 21 are connected, the port I and the port II of the optical switch 22 are connected, and the spectrometer performs scanning measurement to obtain transmission data IL1 in the directions of the filters a and b and simultaneously transmits the transmission data IL1 to the test software. The test software firstly performs subtraction calculation on IL 1-IL 1 and the calibration data, then finds out the minimum value of each waveband as the insertion loss of the waveband, and displays the result on a software interface.
And (2) a testing step: under the instruction of test software, the port I and the port II of the optical switch 21 are connected, the port I and the port II of the optical switch 22 are connected, and the spectrometer performs scanning measurement to obtain reflection data RL1 in the a-b direction of the filter and simultaneously transmits the reflection data RL1 to the test software. The test software firstly carries out difference calculation with the calibration data to obtain RL 1-RL 1, then finds out the maximum value of each waveband as the return loss of the waveband, and displays the result on a software interface.
And (3) a testing step: under the instruction of test software, the port (r) and the port (c) of the optical switch 21 are connected, the port (r) and the port (r) of the optical switch 22 are connected, and the spectrometer performs scanning measurement to obtain transmission data IL2 in the direction of the filter b-a and simultaneously transmits the transmission data IL2 to the test software. The test software firstly carries out subtraction calculation on IL 2-IL 2 and the calibration data, then finds out the minimum value of each wave band as the insertion loss of the wave band, and displays the result on a software interface
And 4, a testing step: under the instruction of test software, the port I and the port III of the optical switch 21 are connected, the port I and the port IV of the optical switch 22 are connected, and the spectrometer performs scanning measurement to obtain reflection data RL2 degrees in the direction of the filter b-a and simultaneously transmits the reflection data RL2 degrees to the test software. The test software firstly carries out difference calculation with the calibration data to obtain RL 2-RL 2, then finds out the maximum value of each waveband as the return loss of the waveband, and displays the result on a software interface.
The execution time of each step of the test system is 3-5 seconds, and the time for completing all tests is about 15 seconds. After all tests are finished, the test software automatically finishes storing the test data.
In the above test steps, the insertion return loss is calculated every time one data is measured, or the calculation and the display of the final result can be performed together after the data is acquired.
It will be understood that modifications and variations can be made by persons skilled in the art in light of the above teachings and all such modifications and variations are intended to be included within the scope of the invention as defined in the appended claims.
Claims (10)
1. A bi-directional test system for a fiber grating filter, comprising:
a light source;
a first optical switch, one end of which is connected with the light source;
one end of the second optical switch is connected with the spectrometer;
a first splitter, one of the splitter ports of which is connected to one of the switch ports of the first optical switch; the other branch port is connected with a switch end of the second optical switch;
a second splitter, one of which is connected to the other switch end of the first optical switch; the other branch port is connected with the other switch end of the second optical switch;
and the common ends of the first splitter and the second splitter are respectively connected with two ends of the fiber bragg grating bidirectional filter to be tested.
2. The system of claim 1, further comprising a data processor coupled to the spectrometer via a network cable and optically coupled to the two optical switches via a data cable.
3. The system of claim 1, wherein the light source is a 1260nm-1670nm ultra-wideband light source.
4. The system for bi-directional testing of a fiber grating filter of claim 1, wherein the spectrometer has a sweep frequency range of 600nm to 1700 nm.
5. The bi-directional test system for a fiber grating filter of claim 1, wherein the first splitter and the second splitter each have a splitting ratio of 5: 5.
6. The system of claim 1, wherein the first optical switch and the second optical switch are one-to-two programmable optical switches.
7. A bi-directional test system for a fibre grating filter according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein both the first and second splitters are replaced with circulators.
8. A bidirectional test method of a fiber grating filter, which is based on the bidirectional test system of the fiber grating filter of any one of claims 1 to 6, and specifically comprises the following steps:
s1, carrying out system calibration;
s2, the first optical switch is communicated with one shunt end of the first shunt, the second optical switch is communicated with one shunt end of the second shunt, so that light passes through the fiber grating bidirectional filter to be measured in the forward direction, and the spectrometer scans and measures transmission data in the forward direction of the fiber grating bidirectional filter to be measured;
s3, changing the second optical switch to be communicated with the other branch end of the second branch device, and scanning and measuring the reflection data of the fiber bragg grating bidirectional filter to be measured by the spectrometer;
s4, the first optical switch is changed to be communicated with the other branch end of the first branch device, and the spectrometer scans and measures the transmission data in the reverse direction of the fiber bragg grating bidirectional filter to be measured;
s5, changing the second optical switch to be communicated with the other branch end of the second branch device, and scanning and measuring the reflection data in the opposite direction of the fiber bragg grating bidirectional filter to be measured by the spectrometer;
and S6, subtracting the data measured each time from the calibration data, and calculating the insertion loss and the return loss.
9. The bidirectional testing method of the fiber grating filter according to claim 8, wherein when the insertion loss is calculated according to the transmission data, the minimum value of the corresponding wavelength band is used as the insertion loss of the wavelength band; and when the insertion loss is calculated according to the reflection data, taking the maximum value of the corresponding wave band as the return loss of the wave band.
10. The method of claim 7, wherein the measurement results of each wavelength band are displayed on a software interface.
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| CN114295322A (en) * | 2021-12-09 | 2022-04-08 | 武汉锐科光纤激光技术股份有限公司 | Grating test system, method, device, storage medium and electronic device |
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