CN112254813B - Code sampling matrix calibration device and method for compressed sampling hyperspectral imaging - Google Patents
Code sampling matrix calibration device and method for compressed sampling hyperspectral imaging Download PDFInfo
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- 238000005070 sampling Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 124
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 93
- 238000000701 chemical imaging Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 32
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 29
- 238000003384 imaging method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 238000004590 computer program Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000001228 spectrum Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910016036 BaF 2 Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- OYLGJCQECKOTOL-UHFFFAOYSA-L barium fluoride Chemical group [F-].[F-].[Ba+2] OYLGJCQECKOTOL-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910001632 barium fluoride Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- WUKWITHWXAAZEY-UHFFFAOYSA-L calcium difluoride Chemical compound [F-].[F-].[Ca+2] WUKWITHWXAAZEY-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000005338 frosted glass Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000006870 function Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000001360 synchronised effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000004075 alteration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000005337 ground glass Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004973 liquid crystal related substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003595 spectral effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003068 static effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009897 systematic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
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- G01J—MEASUREMENT OF INTENSITY, VELOCITY, SPECTRAL CONTENT, POLARISATION, PHASE OR PULSE CHARACTERISTICS OF INFRARED, VISIBLE OR ULTRAVIOLET LIGHT; COLORIMETRY; RADIATION PYROMETRY
- G01J3/00—Spectrometry; Spectrophotometry; Monochromators; Measuring colours
- G01J3/28—Investigating the spectrum
- G01J3/2823—Imaging spectrometer
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01J—MEASUREMENT OF INTENSITY, VELOCITY, SPECTRAL CONTENT, POLARISATION, PHASE OR PULSE CHARACTERISTICS OF INFRARED, VISIBLE OR ULTRAVIOLET LIGHT; COLORIMETRY; RADIATION PYROMETRY
- G01J3/00—Spectrometry; Spectrophotometry; Monochromators; Measuring colours
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- G01J3/0205—Optical elements not provided otherwise, e.g. optical manifolds, diffusers, windows
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- G06T17/00—Three dimensional [3D] modelling, e.g. data description of 3D objects
- G06T17/10—Constructive solid geometry [CSG] using solid primitives, e.g. cylinders, cubes
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- G06T—IMAGE DATA PROCESSING OR GENERATION, IN GENERAL
- G06T3/00—Geometric image transformations in the plane of the image
- G06T3/40—Scaling of whole images or parts thereof, e.g. expanding or contracting
- G06T3/4038—Image mosaicing, e.g. composing plane images from plane sub-images
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- G06T—IMAGE DATA PROCESSING OR GENERATION, IN GENERAL
- G06T7/00—Image analysis
- G06T7/80—Analysis of captured images to determine intrinsic or extrinsic camera parameters, i.e. camera calibration
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- G—PHYSICS
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- G06T—IMAGE DATA PROCESSING OR GENERATION, IN GENERAL
- G06T9/00—Image coding
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- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01J—MEASUREMENT OF INTENSITY, VELOCITY, SPECTRAL CONTENT, POLARISATION, PHASE OR PULSE CHARACTERISTICS OF INFRARED, VISIBLE OR ULTRAVIOLET LIGHT; COLORIMETRY; RADIATION PYROMETRY
- G01J3/00—Spectrometry; Spectrophotometry; Monochromators; Measuring colours
- G01J3/28—Investigating the spectrum
- G01J3/2823—Imaging spectrometer
- G01J2003/2826—Multispectral imaging, e.g. filter imaging
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Abstract
The application relates to a coding sampling matrix calibration device and a coding sampling matrix calibration method for compressed sampling hyperspectral imaging. The method comprises the following steps: acquiring monochromatic light sources with multiple wavelengths, which are generated by a polychromatic light source through a monochromator, in a compressed sampling hyperspectral imaging system, and imaging a calibration image, which is generated on a low-pixel camera, by the monochromatic light sources through a coding sampling matrix of the compressed sampling hyperspectral imaging system; sampling the calibration image according to a preset sampling distance to obtain a sampling image sequence corresponding to each wavelength, and recovering to obtain an original target image according to the sampling image sequence and coding target information of a coding sampling matrix; and obtaining a three-dimensional data cube corresponding to the coded sampling matrix according to the original target graph corresponding to each wavelength, and calibrating the coded sampling matrix according to the three-dimensional data cube. The method can be used for calibrating the coding sampling matrix.
Description
Technical Field
The application relates to the technical field of spectrum imaging, in particular to a coding sampling matrix calibration device and method for compressed sampling hyperspectral imaging.
Background
The spectral imaging technology combines a spatial two-dimensional imaging technology and a spectral detection technology, and measures the spatial distribution of a spectrum while acquiring a spatial intensity map, thereby obtaining a three-dimensional spatial spectrum data cube of an original image. The compression sampling hyperspectral imaging technology is based on the spectral imaging technology, a three-dimensional space spectrum data cube with sparse original images is compressed and sampled by utilizing a matrix with a special structure, and then the hyperspectral image of the original images is recovered by a reconstruction algorithm.
The coded sampling matrix is taken as a special structure matrix in compressed sampling hyperspectral imaging, ideal coded sampling matrix elements are binary, but in practice, the measured coded sampling matrix is not a binary matrix but is between 0 and 1 due to the influence of factors such as processing errors, aperture diffraction and the like of the coded sampling matrix, so that in order to accurately recover an original image, calibration of a coded aperture is critical to compressed sampling hyperspectral imaging, and the quality of a reconstruction algorithm is directly determined on the calibration of the coded sampling matrix.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the foregoing, it is desirable to provide a coded sample matrix calibration device and method that can implement compressed sample hyperspectral imaging that calibrates a coded sample matrix.
A method of coded sample matrix scaling for compressed sample hyperspectral imaging, the method comprising:
acquiring monochromatic light sources with multiple wavelengths, which are generated by a polychromatic light source through a monochromator, in a compressed sampling hyperspectral imaging system, and imaging a calibration image, which is generated on a low-pixel camera, by the monochromatic light sources through a coding sampling matrix of the compressed sampling hyperspectral imaging system;
sampling the calibration image according to a preset sampling distance to obtain a sampling image sequence corresponding to each wavelength, and recovering to obtain an original target image according to the sampling image sequence and the coding target information of the coding sampling matrix;
and obtaining a three-dimensional data cube corresponding to the coded sampling matrix according to the original target graph corresponding to each wavelength, and calibrating the coded sampling matrix according to the three-dimensional data cube.
In one embodiment, the method further comprises: sampling the calibration image in every other pixel in the calibration image, and recording the corresponding wavelength to obtain a sampling image sequence corresponding to each wavelength.
In one embodiment, the method further comprises: and recovering to obtain an original target image by using a least square method or a threshold iterative algorithm according to the sampling image sequence and the coding target information of the coding sampling matrix.
In one embodiment, the method further comprises: and splicing the original target graphs according to the spectrum sequence of the wavelengths to obtain a three-dimensional data cube corresponding to the coded sampling matrix.
A coded sample matrix scaling apparatus for compression sampling hyperspectral imaging, the apparatus comprising:
the monochromatic light source formed by combining the polychromatic light source and the monochromator sequentially comprises a first lens, a coded sampling matrix, a second lens, a dispersion component, a third lens, a low-resolution camera and a computer component electrically connected with the low-resolution camera along a light path;
the monochromator is used for providing light sources with different wavelengths;
the first lens, the second lens and the third lens are used for processing the light source;
the dispersion component is used for deflecting light sources with different wavelengths passing through the coding sampling matrix by different angles;
the computer component is used for storing the calibration image imaged in the low-resolution camera and processing the calibration image to realize the calibration of the coding sampling matrix.
In one embodiment, the first lens is an imaging lens, the second lens is an achromatic lens, and the third lens group is a relay lens.
In one embodiment, a ground glass is disposed between the monochromatic light source and the first lens group.
In one embodiment, the coded sampling matrix is a gaussian random coding matrix, or a hadamard coding matrix, or a harmonic function coding matrix.
In one embodiment, the dispersion component is a dispersion prism or grating; the material of the dispersion prism is barium fluoride (BaF 2), or calcium fluoride (CaF 2), or N-BK7.
A computer device comprising a memory storing a computer program and a processor which when executing the computer program performs the steps of:
acquiring a plurality of wavelength light sources generated by a polychromatic light source through a monochromator in a compressed sampling hyperspectral imaging system, and imaging a calibration image generated on a low-pixel camera by the light sources through a coding sampling matrix of the compressed sampling hyperspectral imaging system;
sampling the calibration image according to a preset sampling distance to obtain a sampling image sequence corresponding to each wavelength, and recovering to obtain an original target image according to the sampling image sequence and the coding target information of the coding sampling matrix;
and obtaining a three-dimensional data cube corresponding to the coded sampling matrix according to the original target graph corresponding to each wavelength, and calibrating the coded sampling matrix according to the three-dimensional data cube.
According to the code sampling matrix calibration device and method for compressed sampling hyperspectral imaging, the calibration images are generated on the low-pixel cameras through the light sources with different wavelengths, the calibration images of each wavelength are sampled through setting the sampling distance, and linear imaging can be achieved, so that calibration of the code sampling matrix by the low-resolution cameras is achieved. Through the mode, the aim of calibrating the coding sampling matrix can be achieved, and the operation is simple.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a flow diagram of a coded sample matrix scaling method for compressed sample hyperspectral imaging in one embodiment;
FIG. 2 is a block diagram of an embodiment of a coded sample matrix scaling apparatus for compressed sample hyperspectral imaging;
FIG. 3 is an internal block diagram of a computer device in one embodiment.
Detailed Description
The present application will be described in further detail with reference to the drawings and examples, in order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present application more apparent. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are for purposes of illustration only and are not intended to limit the scope of the application.
In one embodiment, as shown in fig. 1, there is provided a coded sample matrix scaling method of compressed sample hyperspectral imaging, comprising the steps of:
step 102, obtaining monochromatic light sources of multiple wavelengths generated by a polychromatic light source through a monochromator in a compressed sampling hyperspectral imaging system, and imaging calibration images generated on a low-pixel camera by the monochromatic light sources through a coded sampling matrix of the compressed sampling hyperspectral imaging system.
The polychromatic light source can produce light at multiple wavelengths, and the light produced by the polychromatic light source is passed through a monochromator to produce a monochromatic light source at a specific wavelength.
After passing through the coded sampling matrix of the compressed sampling hyperspectral imaging system, the monochromatic light source is imaged on a low-pixel camera to generate a calibration image.
It should be noted that by adjusting the monochromator, a light source of a plurality of wavelengths may be generated, so that by encoding the sampling matrix, calibration images of a plurality of wavelengths are generated, i.e. one wavelength corresponds to one calibration image.
And 104, sampling the calibration image according to a preset sampling distance to obtain a sampling image sequence corresponding to each wavelength, and recovering to obtain an original target image according to the sampling image sequence and the coding target information of the coding sampling matrix.
Since the coded sampling matrix is composed of a plurality of transparent and opaque aperture elements arranged in a special digital form, the corresponding coded matrix isThe sampling distance may be set according to the pixel unit, for example: the sampling distance is set to 1 pixel, 2 pixels, or the like.
And 106, obtaining a three-dimensional data cube corresponding to the coded sampling matrix according to the original target graph corresponding to each wavelength, and calibrating the coded sampling matrix according to the three-dimensional data cube.
The three-dimensional data cube is a series of two-dimensional space information in a spectrum dimension, and can be obtained by detecting an original target graph and splicing according to the sequence of the spectrum, and further the coding sampling matrix can be calibrated.
In the code sampling matrix calibration method for compressed sampling hyperspectral imaging, calibration images are generated on the low-pixel cameras through the light sources with different wavelengths, and for the calibration patterns of each wavelength, the calibration images are sampled through setting the sampling distance, so that linear imaging can be realized, and the calibration of the code sampling matrix by adopting the low-resolution cameras is realized. Through the mode, the aim of calibrating the coding sampling matrix can be achieved, and the operation is simple.
In one embodiment, the calibration image is sampled at every other pixel in the calibration image, and the corresponding wavelength is recorded, so as to obtain a sampled image sequence corresponding to each wavelength. In this embodiment, linear imaging on a low-resolution camera can be realized, and when a compressed sampling spectrum is imaged, an original target can be imaged by using a collected single wavelength, and the original target graph can be recovered by using stored calibrated coding sampling matrix information through a least square method or a two-time threshold iterative algorithm.
In one embodiment, the original target graph is recovered by using a least square method or a threshold iterative algorithm according to the sampled image sequence and the coding target information of the coding sampling matrix.
In one embodiment, the original target graphs are spliced according to the spectrum sequence of the wavelengths to obtain a three-dimensional data cube corresponding to the coded sampling matrix.
It should be understood that, although the steps in the flowchart of fig. 1 are shown in sequence as indicated by the arrows, the steps are not necessarily performed in sequence as indicated by the arrows. The steps are not strictly limited to the order of execution unless explicitly recited herein, and the steps may be executed in other orders. Moreover, at least some of the steps in fig. 1 may include multiple sub-steps or stages that are not necessarily performed at the same time, but may be performed at different times, nor do the order in which the sub-steps or stages are performed necessarily performed in sequence, but may be performed alternately or alternately with at least a portion of other steps or sub-steps of other steps.
In one embodiment, as shown in fig. 2, there is provided a coded sample matrix scaling apparatus for compression sampling hyperspectral imaging, comprising:
the monochromatic light source 1 formed by combining the polychromatic light source 101 and the monochromator 103 sequentially comprises a first lens 2, a coded sampling matrix 3, a second lens 4, a dispersion component 5, a third lens 6, a low-resolution camera 7 and a computer component 8 electrically connected with the low-resolution camera along an optical path; the monochromatic light source 1 is used for providing light sources with different wavelengths; the first lens 2, the second lens 4 and the third lens 6 are used for processing the light source; the dispersive component 5 is used to deflect light sources of different wavelengths through the coded sampling matrix 3 by different angles; the computer component 8 is used for storing the calibration image imaged in the low-resolution camera 7 and processing the calibration image to realize the calibration of the coding sampling matrix.
In one embodiment, the first lens is an imaging lens, the second lens is an achromat, and the third lens group is a relay lens. In this embodiment, the first lens element, the second lens element and the third lens element are disposed so as to make the image formed by the whole device clear and have no chromatic aberration.
Further, the third lens group is a relay lens, so that a plurality of pixels of the coded sampling matrix are collected on one pixel of the low-resolution camera.
In one embodiment, a frosted glass is disposed between the monochromatic light source and the first lens group. The purpose of the frosted glass is to make the light emitted by the light source as uniform as possible and to reduce systematic errors.
In one embodiment, the coded sampling matrix is a gaussian random coding matrix, or a hadamard coding matrix, or a harmonic function coding matrix.
Specifically, the coded sampling matrix is composed of a plurality of transparent and opaque aperture elements arranged in a special digital form, and the corresponding coded matrix is
In one embodiment, the dispersive component is a dispersive prism or grating; the material of the dispersion prism is barium fluoride (BaF 2), or calcium fluoride (CaF 2), or N-BK7.
Specifically, the light source is composed of a monochromatic light source formed by combining a polychromatic light source and a monochromator, the maximum full width at half maximum (FWHM) of the monochromatic light source is not more than 10nm, and monochromatic waves with changeable wavelengths are adopted as the light source, so that the coded sampling matrix is calibrated by taking as many wavelengths as possible under the condition of not moving a device component, namely covering one wave band.
In addition, the camera is a low-pixel camera, one pixel of the low-pixel camera corresponds to a plurality of pixels of the coding sampling matrix, and after the coding sampling matrix is acquired to form images, the original binary information of the coding sampling matrix can be recovered to realize super resolution.
In one embodiment, a computer device is provided, which may be a terminal, and the internal structure of which may be as shown in fig. 3. The computer device includes a processor, a memory, a network interface, a display screen, and an input device connected by a system bus. Wherein the processor of the computer device is configured to provide computing and control capabilities. The memory of the computer device includes a non-volatile storage medium and an internal memory. The non-volatile storage medium stores an operating system and a computer program. The internal memory provides an environment for the operation of the operating system and computer programs in the non-volatile storage media. The network interface of the computer device is used for communicating with an external terminal through a network connection. The computer program is executed by a processor to implement a coded sample matrix scaling method of compressed sample hyperspectral imaging. The display screen of the computer equipment can be a liquid crystal display screen or an electronic ink display screen, and the input device of the computer equipment can be a touch layer covered on the display screen, can also be keys, a track ball or a touch pad arranged on the shell of the computer equipment, and can also be an external keyboard, a touch pad or a mouse and the like.
It will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that the structure shown in FIG. 3 is merely a block diagram of some of the structures associated with the present inventive arrangements and is not limiting of the computer device to which the present inventive arrangements may be applied, and that a particular computer device may include more or fewer components than shown, or may combine some of the components, or have a different arrangement of components.
In an embodiment a computer device is provided comprising a memory storing a computer program and a processor implementing the steps of the method of the above embodiments when the computer program is executed.
Those skilled in the art will appreciate that implementing all or part of the above described methods may be accomplished by way of a computer program stored on a non-transitory computer readable storage medium, which when executed, may comprise the steps of the embodiments of the methods described above. Any reference to memory, storage, database, or other medium used in embodiments provided herein may include non-volatile and/or volatile memory. The nonvolatile memory can include Read Only Memory (ROM), programmable ROM (PROM), electrically Programmable ROM (EPROM), electrically Erasable Programmable ROM (EEPROM), or flash memory. Volatile memory can include Random Access Memory (RAM) or external cache memory. By way of illustration and not limitation, RAM is available in a variety of forms such as Static RAM (SRAM), dynamic RAM (DRAM), synchronous DRAM (SDRAM), double Data Rate SDRAM (DDRSDRAM), enhanced SDRAM (ESDRAM), synchronous Link DRAM (SLDRAM), memory bus direct RAM (RDRAM), direct memory bus dynamic RAM (DRDRAM), and memory bus dynamic RAM (RDRAM), among others.
The technical features of the above embodiments may be arbitrarily combined, and all possible combinations of the technical features in the above embodiments are not described for brevity of description, however, as long as there is no contradiction between the combinations of the technical features, they should be considered as the scope of the description.
The above examples illustrate only a few embodiments of the application, which are described in detail and are not to be construed as limiting the scope of the application. It should be noted that it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that several variations and modifications can be made without departing from the spirit of the application, which are all within the scope of the application. Accordingly, the scope of protection of the present application is to be determined by the appended claims.
Claims (9)
1. A method of coded sample matrix scaling for compressed sample hyperspectral imaging, the method comprising:
acquiring monochromatic light sources with multiple wavelengths, which are generated by a polychromatic light source through a monochromator, in a compressed sampling hyperspectral imaging system, and imaging a calibration image, which is generated on a low-pixel camera, by the monochromatic light sources through a coding sampling matrix in the compressed sampling hyperspectral imaging system;
sampling the calibration image according to a preset sampling distance to obtain a sampling image sequence corresponding to each wavelength, and recovering to obtain an original target image according to the sampling image sequence and the coding target information of the coding sampling matrix;
according to the original target graph corresponding to each wavelength, a three-dimensional data cube corresponding to the coded sampling matrix is obtained, and according to the three-dimensional data cube, the coded sampling matrix is calibrated;
sampling the calibration image to obtain a sampling image sequence corresponding to each wavelength, including:
sampling the calibration image in every other pixel in the calibration image, and recording the corresponding wavelength to obtain a sampling image sequence corresponding to each wavelength.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein recovering the original target map from the sequence of sampled images and the encoded target information of the encoded sampling matrix comprises:
and recovering to obtain an original target image by using a least square method or a threshold iterative algorithm according to the sampling image sequence and the coding target information of the coding sampling matrix.
3. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 2, wherein the obtaining a three-dimensional data cube corresponding to the coded sampling matrix according to the original target map corresponding to each wavelength includes:
and splicing the original target graphs according to the spectrum sequence of the wavelengths to obtain a three-dimensional data cube corresponding to the coded sampling matrix.
4. A coded sample matrix scaling apparatus for compression sampling hyperspectral imaging, the apparatus comprising:
the monochromatic light source formed by combining the polychromatic light source and the monochromator sequentially comprises a first lens, a coded sampling matrix, a second lens, a dispersion component, a third lens, a low-resolution camera and a computer component electrically connected with the low-resolution camera along a light path;
the monochromator is used for providing light sources with different wavelengths;
the first lens, the second lens and the third lens are used for processing the light source;
the dispersion component is used for deflecting light sources with different wavelengths passing through the coding sampling matrix by different angles;
the computer component is used for storing the calibration image imaged in the low-resolution camera and processing the calibration image to realize the calibration of the coding sampling matrix.
5. The device of claim 4, wherein the first lens is an imaging lens, the second lens is an acromatic lens, and the third lens group is a relay lens.
6. The apparatus of claim 5, wherein a frosted glass is disposed between the monochromatic light source and the first lens group.
7. The apparatus of claim 4, wherein the coded sampling matrix is a gaussian random coding matrix, or a hadamard coding matrix, or a harmonic function coding matrix.
8. The apparatus of claim 4, wherein the dispersive component is a dispersive prism or grating;
the material of the dispersion prism is barium fluoride (BaF 2), or calcium fluoride (CaF 2), or N-BK7.
9. A computer device comprising a memory and a processor, the memory storing a computer program, characterized in that the processor implements the steps of the method of any of claims 1 to 3 when the computer program is executed.
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| CN103743482A (en) * | 2013-11-22 | 2014-04-23 | 中国科学院光电研究院 | Spectrum imaging apparatus and spectrum imaging inversion method |
| CN108827470A (en) * | 2018-07-20 | 2018-11-16 | 中国科学院西安光学精密机械研究所 | The Optical implementation method and system of adaptive spectrum solution mixing based on staff cultivation least square method |
| CN109405970A (en) * | 2019-01-09 | 2019-03-01 | 北京理工大学 | A kind of system response scaling method for code aperture snapshot imaging spectrometer |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103743482A (en) * | 2013-11-22 | 2014-04-23 | 中国科学院光电研究院 | Spectrum imaging apparatus and spectrum imaging inversion method |
| CN108827470A (en) * | 2018-07-20 | 2018-11-16 | 中国科学院西安光学精密机械研究所 | The Optical implementation method and system of adaptive spectrum solution mixing based on staff cultivation least square method |
| CN109405970A (en) * | 2019-01-09 | 2019-03-01 | 北京理工大学 | A kind of system response scaling method for code aperture snapshot imaging spectrometer |
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