CN112254813A - Code sampling matrix calibration device and method for compression sampling hyperspectral imaging - Google Patents
Code sampling matrix calibration device and method for compression sampling hyperspectral imaging Download PDFInfo
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- OYLGJCQECKOTOL-UHFFFAOYSA-L barium fluoride Chemical group [F-].[F-].[Ba+2] OYLGJCQECKOTOL-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910001632 barium fluoride Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01J—MEASUREMENT OF INTENSITY, VELOCITY, SPECTRAL CONTENT, POLARISATION, PHASE OR PULSE CHARACTERISTICS OF INFRARED, VISIBLE OR ULTRAVIOLET LIGHT; COLORIMETRY; RADIATION PYROMETRY
- G01J3/00—Spectrometry; Spectrophotometry; Monochromators; Measuring colours
- G01J3/28—Investigating the spectrum
- G01J3/2823—Imaging spectrometer
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01J—MEASUREMENT OF INTENSITY, VELOCITY, SPECTRAL CONTENT, POLARISATION, PHASE OR PULSE CHARACTERISTICS OF INFRARED, VISIBLE OR ULTRAVIOLET LIGHT; COLORIMETRY; RADIATION PYROMETRY
- G01J3/00—Spectrometry; Spectrophotometry; Monochromators; Measuring colours
- G01J3/02—Details
- G01J3/0205—Optical elements not provided otherwise, e.g. optical manifolds, diffusers, windows
- G01J3/0208—Optical elements not provided otherwise, e.g. optical manifolds, diffusers, windows using focussing or collimating elements, e.g. lenses or mirrors; performing aberration correction
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- G06T3/40—Scaling the whole image or part thereof
- G06T3/4038—Scaling the whole image or part thereof for image mosaicing, i.e. plane images composed of plane sub-images
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- G—PHYSICS
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- G01J3/00—Spectrometry; Spectrophotometry; Monochromators; Measuring colours
- G01J3/28—Investigating the spectrum
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Abstract
The application relates to a device and a method for calibrating a coding sampling matrix for compressive sampling hyperspectral imaging. The method comprises the following steps: acquiring monochromatic light sources with multiple wavelengths generated by a multi-color light source through a monochromator in a compression sampling hyperspectral imaging system, and a calibration image generated by imaging the monochromatic light sources on a low-pixel camera through a coding sampling matrix of the compression sampling hyperspectral imaging system; sampling the calibration image according to a preset sampling distance to obtain a sampling image sequence corresponding to each wavelength, and recovering to obtain an original target image according to the sampling image sequence and the coding target information of the coding sampling matrix; and obtaining a three-dimensional data cube corresponding to the coding sampling matrix according to the original target graph corresponding to each wavelength, and calibrating the coding sampling matrix according to the three-dimensional data cube. The method can be used for calibrating the coding sampling matrix.
Description
Technical Field
The application relates to the technical field of spectral imaging, in particular to a device and a method for calibrating a coding sampling matrix for compressive sampling hyperspectral imaging.
Background
The spectral imaging technology combines the spatial two-dimensional imaging and the spectral detection technology, and the spatial distribution of the spectrum is measured while the spatial intensity map is acquired, so that a three-dimensional spatial spectral data cube of the original image is obtained. The compressive sampling hyperspectral imaging technology is characterized in that on the basis of a spectral imaging technology, matrixes with special structures are used for compressing and sampling a three-dimensional spatial spectral data cube with a sparse original image, and then a hyperspectral image of the original image is recovered through a reconstruction algorithm.
The coding sampling matrix is used as a special structure matrix in the compression sampling hyperspectral imaging, elements of the ideal coding sampling matrix are binary, but in practice, due to the influence of factors such as processing errors, aperture diffraction and the like of the coding sampling matrix, the measured coding sampling matrix is not a binary matrix, but matrix elements are between 0 and 1, in order to accurately restore an original image, the calibration of a coding aperture is vital to the compression sampling hyperspectral imaging, and the quality of the calibration directly determines the quality of a reconstruction algorithm.
Disclosure of Invention
Therefore, it is necessary to provide a device and a method for calibrating a coding sampling matrix, which can calibrate the coding sampling matrix, for compressive sampling hyperspectral imaging, in order to solve the above technical problems.
A code sampling matrix calibration method for compressive sampling hyperspectral imaging, the method comprising:
acquiring monochromatic light sources with multiple wavelengths, which are generated by a multi-color light source through a monochromator in a compression sampling hyperspectral imaging system, and a calibration image, which is generated by imaging the monochromatic light sources on a low-pixel camera through a coding sampling matrix of the compression sampling hyperspectral imaging system;
sampling the calibration image according to a preset sampling distance to obtain a sampling image sequence corresponding to each wavelength, and recovering to obtain an original target image according to the sampling image sequence and the coding target information of the coding sampling matrix;
and obtaining a three-dimensional data cube corresponding to the coding sampling matrix according to the original target graph corresponding to each wavelength, and calibrating the coding sampling matrix according to the three-dimensional data cube.
In one embodiment, the method further comprises the following steps: and sampling the calibration image every other pixel in the calibration image, and recording corresponding wavelengths to obtain a sampling image sequence corresponding to each wavelength.
In one embodiment, the method further comprises the following steps: and recovering to obtain an original target image by using a least square method or a threshold iteration algorithm according to the sampling image sequence and the coding target information of the coding sampling matrix.
In one embodiment, the method further comprises the following steps: and splicing the original target images according to the spectrum sequence of the wavelength to obtain a three-dimensional data cube corresponding to the coding sampling matrix.
An apparatus for scaling a coded sampling matrix for compressively sampling hyperspectral imaging, the apparatus comprising:
the monochromatic light source formed by combining the multicolor light source and the monochromator sequentially comprises a first lens, a coding sampling matrix, a second lens, a dispersion component, a third lens, a low-resolution camera and a computer component electrically connected with the low-resolution camera along a light path;
the monochromator is used for providing light sources with different wavelengths;
the first lens, the second lens and the third lens are used for processing the light source;
the dispersion component is used for deflecting light sources with different wavelengths passing through the coding sampling matrix by different angles;
the computer component is used for storing a calibration image imaged in the low-resolution camera, processing the calibration image and realizing the calibration of the coding sampling matrix.
In one embodiment, the first lens is an imaging lens, the second lens is an achromatic lens, and the third lens group is a relay lens.
In one embodiment, ground glass is disposed between the monochromatic light source and the first lens group.
In one embodiment, the encoding sampling matrix is a gaussian random encoding matrix, or a hadamard encoding matrix, or a harmonic function encoding matrix.
In one embodiment, the dispersive component is a dispersive prism or grating; the material of the dispersion prism is barium fluoride (BaF2), or calcium fluoride (CaF2), or N-BK 7.
A computer device comprising a memory and a processor, the memory storing a computer program, the processor implementing the following steps when executing the computer program:
acquiring light sources with multiple wavelengths, which are generated by a multi-color light source through a monochromator, in a compression sampling hyperspectral imaging system, and a calibration image, which is generated by the light sources on a low-pixel camera through the imaging of a coding sampling matrix of the compression sampling hyperspectral imaging system;
sampling the calibration image according to a preset sampling distance to obtain a sampling image sequence corresponding to each wavelength, and recovering to obtain an original target image according to the sampling image sequence and the coding target information of the coding sampling matrix;
and obtaining a three-dimensional data cube corresponding to the coding sampling matrix according to the original target graph corresponding to each wavelength, and calibrating the coding sampling matrix according to the three-dimensional data cube.
According to the code sampling matrix calibration device and method for compressive sampling hyperspectral imaging, calibration images are generated on a low-pixel camera through light sources with different wavelengths, and for the calibration image of each wavelength, linear imaging can be realized by setting a sampling distance to sample the calibration image, so that the code sampling matrix is calibrated by adopting a low-resolution camera. By the method, the purpose of calibrating the coding sampling matrix can be achieved, and the operation is simple.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a flowchart illustrating a method for scaling a code sampling matrix for compressive sampling hyperspectral imaging according to an embodiment;
FIG. 2 is a block diagram of an encoding sampling matrix calibration apparatus for compressive sampling hyperspectral imaging in an embodiment;
FIG. 3 is a diagram illustrating an internal structure of a computer device according to an embodiment.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present application more apparent, the present application is described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the present application and are not intended to limit the present application.
In one embodiment, as shown in fig. 1, there is provided a method for scaling a coding sampling matrix of compressive sampling hyperspectral imaging, including the following steps:
102, acquiring monochromatic light sources with multiple wavelengths generated by a multi-color light source in a compression sampling hyperspectral imaging system through a monochromator, and a calibration image generated by imaging the monochromatic light sources on a low-pixel camera through a coding sampling matrix of the compression sampling hyperspectral imaging system.
The polychromatic light source may produce light at a plurality of wavelengths and the light produced by the polychromatic light source is passed through a monochromator to produce a monochromatic light source at a particular wavelength.
The single-color light source is imaged on the low-pixel camera to generate a calibration image after the single-color light source is compressed and sampled by a coding sampling matrix of the hyperspectral imaging system.
It is worth mentioning that by adjusting the monochromator, light sources of multiple wavelengths can be generated, so that by encoding the sampling matrix, calibration images of multiple wavelengths are generated, i.e. one wavelength corresponds to one calibration image.
And 104, sampling the calibration image according to a preset sampling distance to obtain a sampling image sequence corresponding to each wavelength, and recovering to obtain an original target image according to the sampling image sequence and the coding target information of the coding sampling matrix.
Since the coding sampling matrix is composed of a plurality of light-transmitting and light-impermeable aperture elements arranged in a special digital form, the corresponding coding matrix is
The sampling distance may be set according to the pixel unit, for example: the sampling distance is set to 1 pixel, 2 pixels, etc.
And 106, obtaining a three-dimensional data cube corresponding to the coding sampling matrix according to the original target graph corresponding to each wavelength, and calibrating the coding sampling matrix according to the three-dimensional data cube.
The three-dimensional data cube is a series of two-dimensional spatial information in the spectrum dimension, the three-dimensional data cube can be obtained by detecting an original target image and splicing according to the sequence of the spectrum, and further the coding sampling matrix can be calibrated.
According to the code sampling matrix calibration method for compressive sampling hyperspectral imaging, calibration images are generated on a low-pixel camera through light sources with different wavelengths, and for the calibration image of each wavelength, linear imaging can be realized by setting a sampling distance to sample the calibration image, so that the code sampling matrix is calibrated by adopting a low-resolution camera. By the method, the purpose of calibrating the coding sampling matrix can be achieved, and the operation is simple.
In one embodiment, the calibration image is sampled every other pixel in the calibration image, and the corresponding wavelength is recorded, so as to obtain a sampling image sequence corresponding to each wavelength. In this embodiment, linear imaging on a low-resolution camera can be realized, and when a sampling spectrum is compressed for imaging, an original target image can be imaged by using the acquired single wavelength, and the original target image is restored by using the stored calibrated coding sampling matrix information through a least square method or a twice threshold iterative algorithm.
In one embodiment, the original target image is recovered by using a least square method or a threshold iteration algorithm according to the sampling image sequence and the coding target information of the coding sampling matrix.
In one embodiment, the original target images are spliced according to the spectrum sequence of the wavelength to obtain a three-dimensional data cube corresponding to the coding sampling matrix.
It should be understood that, although the steps in the flowchart of fig. 1 are shown in order as indicated by the arrows, the steps are not necessarily performed in order as indicated by the arrows. The steps are not performed in the exact order shown and described, and may be performed in other orders, unless explicitly stated otherwise. Moreover, at least a portion of the steps in fig. 1 may include multiple sub-steps or multiple stages that are not necessarily performed at the same time, but may be performed at different times, and the order of performance of the sub-steps or stages is not necessarily sequential, but may be performed in turn or alternately with other steps or at least a portion of the sub-steps or stages of other steps.
In one embodiment, as shown in fig. 2, there is provided an encoding sampling matrix scaling apparatus for compressive sampling hyperspectral imaging, including:
the monochromatic light source 1 formed by combining the multicolor light source 101 and the monochromator 103 sequentially comprises a first lens 2, a coding sampling matrix 3, a second lens 4, a dispersion component 5, a third lens 6, a low-resolution camera 7 and a computer component 8 electrically connected with the low-resolution camera along a light path; the monochromatic light source 1 is used for providing light sources with different wavelengths; the first lens 2, the second lens 4 and the third lens 6 are used for processing the light source; the dispersion component 5 is used for deflecting light sources with different wavelengths passing through the coding sampling matrix 3 by different angles; the computer component 8 is used for storing the calibration image imaged in the low-resolution camera 7 and processing the calibration image to realize the calibration of the coding sampling matrix.
In one embodiment, the first lens is an imaging lens, the second lens is an achromatic lens, and the third lens group is a relay lens. In this embodiment, the first lens, the second lens and the third lens are arranged to make the image formed by the whole device clear and free of chromatic aberration.
Further, the third lens group is a relay lens, and is used for enabling a plurality of pixels of the coding sampling matrix to be collected on one pixel of the low-resolution camera.
In one embodiment, ground glass is disposed intermediate the monochromatic light source and the first lens group. The purpose of the frosted glass is to make the light from the light source as uniform as possible and to reduce systematic errors.
In one embodiment, the encoding sampling matrix is a gaussian random encoding matrix, or a hadamard encoding matrix, or a harmonic function encoding matrix.
Specifically, the coding sampling matrix is composed of a plurality of light-transmitting and light-tight aperture elements which are arranged in a special digital form, and the corresponding coding matrix is
In one embodiment, the dispersive component is a dispersive prism or grating; the material of the dispersion prism is barium fluoride (BaF2), or calcium fluoride (CaF2), or N-BK 7.
Specifically, the light source is composed of a monochromatic light source formed by combining a multicolor light source and a monochromator, the maximum full width at half maximum (FWHM) of the monochromatic light source is not more than 10nm, and a monochromatic wave with changeable wavelength is used as the light source, so that under the condition that parts of the device are not moved, as many wavelengths as possible are taken to calibrate the coding sampling matrix, namely, one waveband is covered.
In addition, the camera is a low-pixel camera, one pixel of the low-pixel camera corresponds to a plurality of pixels of the coding sampling matrix, and after the imaging of the coding sampling matrix is collected, the original binary information of the coding sampling matrix can be recovered, so that super resolution is realized.
In one embodiment, a computer device is provided, which may be a terminal, and its internal structure diagram may be as shown in fig. 3. The computer device includes a processor, a memory, a network interface, a display screen, and an input device connected by a system bus. Wherein the processor of the computer device is configured to provide computing and control capabilities. The memory of the computer device comprises a nonvolatile storage medium and an internal memory. The non-volatile storage medium stores an operating system and a computer program. The internal memory provides an environment for the operation of an operating system and computer programs in the non-volatile storage medium. The network interface of the computer device is used for communicating with an external terminal through a network connection. The computer program is executed by a processor to implement a method of code sampling matrix scaling for compressively sampled hyperspectral imaging. The display screen of the computer equipment can be a liquid crystal display screen or an electronic ink display screen, and the input device of the computer equipment can be a touch layer covered on the display screen, a key, a track ball or a touch pad arranged on the shell of the computer equipment, an external keyboard, a touch pad or a mouse and the like.
Those skilled in the art will appreciate that the architecture shown in fig. 3 is merely a block diagram of some of the structures associated with the disclosed aspects and is not intended to limit the computing devices to which the disclosed aspects apply, as particular computing devices may include more or less components than those shown, or may combine certain components, or have a different arrangement of components.
In an embodiment, a computer device is provided, comprising a memory storing a computer program and a processor implementing the steps of the method in the above embodiments when the processor executes the computer program.
It will be understood by those skilled in the art that all or part of the processes of the methods of the embodiments described above can be implemented by hardware instructions of a computer program, which can be stored in a non-volatile computer-readable storage medium, and when executed, can include the processes of the embodiments of the methods described above. Any reference to memory, storage, database, or other medium used in the embodiments provided herein may include non-volatile and/or volatile memory, among others. Non-volatile memory can include read-only memory (ROM), Programmable ROM (PROM), Electrically Programmable ROM (EPROM), Electrically Erasable Programmable ROM (EEPROM), or flash memory. Volatile memory can include Random Access Memory (RAM) or external cache memory. By way of illustration and not limitation, RAM is available in a variety of forms such as Static RAM (SRAM), Dynamic RAM (DRAM), Synchronous DRAM (SDRAM), Double Data Rate SDRAM (DDRSDRAM), Enhanced SDRAM (ESDRAM), Synchronous Link DRAM (SLDRAM), Rambus Direct RAM (RDRAM), direct bus dynamic RAM (DRDRAM), and memory bus dynamic RAM (RDRAM).
The technical features of the above embodiments can be arbitrarily combined, and for the sake of brevity, all possible combinations of the technical features in the above embodiments are not described, but should be considered as the scope of the present specification as long as there is no contradiction between the combinations of the technical features.
The above-mentioned embodiments only express several embodiments of the present application, and the description thereof is more specific and detailed, but not construed as limiting the scope of the invention. It should be noted that, for a person skilled in the art, several variations and modifications can be made without departing from the concept of the present application, which falls within the scope of protection of the present application. Therefore, the protection scope of the present patent shall be subject to the appended claims.
Claims (10)
1. A code sampling matrix calibration method for compressive sampling hyperspectral imaging, the method comprising:
acquiring monochromatic light sources with multiple wavelengths, which are generated by a multi-color light source in a compression sampling hyperspectral imaging system through a monochromator, and a calibration image, which is generated by imaging the monochromatic light sources on a low-pixel camera through a coding sampling matrix in the compression sampling hyperspectral imaging system;
sampling the calibration image according to a preset sampling distance to obtain a sampling image sequence corresponding to each wavelength, and recovering to obtain an original target image according to the sampling image sequence and the coding target information of the coding sampling matrix;
and obtaining a three-dimensional data cube corresponding to the coding sampling matrix according to the original target graph corresponding to each wavelength, and calibrating the coding sampling matrix according to the three-dimensional data cube.
2. The method according to claim 1, wherein sampling the calibration image according to a preset sampling distance to obtain a sampling image sequence corresponding to each wavelength comprises:
and sampling the calibration image every other pixel in the calibration image, and recording corresponding wavelengths to obtain a sampling image sequence corresponding to each wavelength.
3. The method of claim 1, wherein recovering the original target map according to the sequence of sampled images and the encoded target information of the encoded sampling matrix comprises:
and recovering to obtain an original target image by using a least square method or a threshold iteration algorithm according to the sampling image sequence and the coding target information of the coding sampling matrix.
4. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein obtaining the three-dimensional data cube corresponding to the encoding sampling matrix according to the original target map corresponding to each wavelength comprises:
and splicing the original target images according to the spectrum sequence of the wavelength to obtain a three-dimensional data cube corresponding to the coding sampling matrix.
5. An apparatus for scaling a coding sampling matrix for compressive sampling hyperspectral imaging, the apparatus comprising:
the monochromatic light source formed by combining the multicolor light source and the monochromator sequentially comprises a first lens, a coding sampling matrix, a second lens, a dispersion component, a third lens, a low-resolution camera and a computer component electrically connected with the low-resolution camera along a light path;
the monochromator is used for providing light sources with different wavelengths;
the first lens, the second lens and the third lens are used for processing the light source;
the dispersion component is used for deflecting light sources with different wavelengths passing through the coding sampling matrix by different angles;
the computer component is used for storing a calibration image imaged in the low-resolution camera, processing the calibration image and realizing the calibration of the coding sampling matrix.
6. The apparatus of claim 5, wherein the first lens is an imaging lens, the second lens is an achromatic lens, and the third lens group is a relay lens.
7. The apparatus of claim 6, wherein ground glass is disposed intermediate the monochromatic light source and the first lens group.
8. The apparatus of claim 5, wherein the coding sampling matrix is a Gaussian random coding matrix, or a Hadamard coding matrix, or a harmonic function coding matrix.
9. The apparatus of claim 5, wherein the dispersive component is a dispersive prism or grating;
the material of the dispersion prism is barium fluoride (BaF2), or calcium fluoride (CaF2), or N-BK 7.
10. A computer device comprising a memory and a processor, the memory storing a computer program, wherein the processor implements the steps of the method of any one of claims 1 to 4 when executing the computer program.
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| CN103743482A (en) * | 2013-11-22 | 2014-04-23 | 中国科学院光电研究院 | Spectrum imaging apparatus and spectrum imaging inversion method |
| CN108827470A (en) * | 2018-07-20 | 2018-11-16 | 中国科学院西安光学精密机械研究所 | The Optical implementation method and system of adaptive spectrum solution mixing based on staff cultivation least square method |
| CN109405970A (en) * | 2019-01-09 | 2019-03-01 | 北京理工大学 | A kind of system response scaling method for code aperture snapshot imaging spectrometer |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN103743482A (en) * | 2013-11-22 | 2014-04-23 | 中国科学院光电研究院 | Spectrum imaging apparatus and spectrum imaging inversion method |
| CN108827470A (en) * | 2018-07-20 | 2018-11-16 | 中国科学院西安光学精密机械研究所 | The Optical implementation method and system of adaptive spectrum solution mixing based on staff cultivation least square method |
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