CN112253056A - Inner and outer pipe sliding type discharging device, equipment with controlled release of shallow harmful gas in water area and construction method - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses an inner and outer tube sliding type discharging device, equipment with controlled release of shallow harmful gas in a water area and a construction method, wherein the discharging device comprises an exploration gas discharging tube and an external casing tube; the exploration air release pipe comprises an exploration pipe and an air release pipe, an air release hole is formed in the air release pipe, the air release pipe is telescopically embedded into the external sleeve, the exploration pipe is fixed at the lower end of the air release pipe, and a drill bit is installed at the lower end of the exploration pipe. The apparatus comprises: the inner and outer pipe sliding type discharging device; a hydraulic loading device which is connected with the inner and outer pipe sliding type discharging devices and provides pressing force; a controlled air release device which is connected with the inner and outer tube sliding type discharge devices and controls the release rate of the air; and a gas combustion device connected with the gas control and release device and used for treating harmful gas. The method of inner and outer tube sliding type discharging effectively solves the problem that water flow enters the exhaust hole in the traditional water area air discharging process and the problem that hole sites are easily blocked in the traditional air discharging process, and is suitable for engineering application.

Description

Inner and outer pipe sliding type discharging device, equipment with controlled release of shallow harmful gas in water area and construction method

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of gas-containing stratum construction, in particular to an inner and outer pipe sliding type discharging device, equipment for controlled release of shallow harmful gas in a water area and a construction method.

Background

With the advance of urbanization, urban rail transit in China is developed newly, however, corresponding problems emerge more and more, shallow gas is distributed in coastal soft soil areas, the shallow gas is buried shallowly, which is unfavorable for underground engineering construction and harmful to human health, the shallow gas is difficult to identify by conventional investigation means and is easy to influence engineering, if corresponding engineering measures are not taken, harm is easy to form in the construction process in the future, construction operation is blocked, normal construction is influenced, and the safety of surrounding buildings and personnel is seriously influenced.

The harm of shallow layer gas becomes one of the major engineering problems in China. In various engineering constructions at home and abroad, phenomena such as tunnel settlement caused by shallow gas, methane explosion, foundation pit uplift, building settlement and the like are frequently seen, and huge economic loss is caused.

The advanced discharge of shallow gas is the key for construction, most of the existing equipment mainly adopts land uncontrolled gas discharge, so that the existing equipment not only can generate great disturbance to the surrounding soil body, but also can easily block gas holes by silt to influence the gas discharge process, and has the condition of incomplete gas discharge to influence the construction. When the air is discharged on water, the land area air discharging device has extremely poor effect and cannot reach the ideal degree, so that a device for controlling and discharging the harmful gas in the shallow layer in a water area needs to be developed.

Disclosure of Invention

The embodiment of the invention aims to provide an inner and outer pipe sliding type discharging device, equipment for controlled release of shallow harmful gas in a water area and a construction method, and aims to solve the problems that land equipment is mainly used in the traditional gas release process, the gas release effect of the water area is extremely poor, and the gas release is not thorough in the traditional gas release process and hole site blockage is easily caused.

In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:

in a first aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides an inner and outer tube sliding type discharging apparatus, which is characterized by comprising an exploration air release tube and an external casing; the exploration deflation pipe comprises an exploration pipe and a deflation pipe, wherein the deflation pipe is provided with a deflation hole, the deflation pipe is telescopically nested into the external casing pipe, the exploration pipe is fixed at the lower end of the deflation pipe, a drill bit is arranged at the lower end of the exploration pipe, the external casing pipe and the exploration pipe are closed, the deflation hole on the deflation pipe is closed, and water flow is prevented from permeating into the deflation pipe; when in-situ shallow gas is detected, the external sleeve is pulled upwards and slides until the gas hole of the gas release pipe is opened, and the shallow gas is released.

Further, the air release holes are diamond-shaped air release holes arranged in an array.

Furthermore, the investigation pipe comprises a drill bit, a methane concentration sensor, a strain gauge, a pore pressure sensor, a permeable stone, a friction sleeve and a sealing gasket sleeve, wherein the lower end of the permeable stone is connected above the drill bit, the permeable stone is hollow and is provided with the methane concentration sensor, the upper end of the permeable stone is connected with the sealing gasket, the bottom end of the friction sleeve is connected with the sealing gasket and is sealed, and the friction sleeve is internally provided with the pore pressure sensor for measuring the pore water pressure in the pressing-down process and the strain gauge for measuring the friction force of the side wall of the soil body.

And the methane concentration sensor, the pore pressure sensor and the strain gauge are connected with the signal transmitter, and the signal transmitter and the signal receiving device are used for data transmission.

In a second aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides an apparatus for controlled release of shallow harmful gases in a body of water, comprising:

an inner and outer tube sliding discharge apparatus according to the first aspect;

a hydraulic loading device which is connected with the inner and outer tube sliding type discharging devices and provides pressing force;

a controlled air release device connected with the inner and outer tube sliding type discharge devices and used for controlling the air release rate; and

a gas combustion device connected with the controlled gas release device and used for treating harmful gas.

Furthermore, the hydraulic loading device comprises a counter-force anchor, a buoy, a frame, a pulley, a loader and a controller, wherein the buoy is connected below the frame and used for providing buoyancy for the device, the frame is used as a support, two ends of the frame are connected with the counter-force anchor and used for being inserted into the ground to provide counter-force for the device, the pulley is connected to the lower end of the loader and installed on the frame, an outer sleeve is fixed to the upper end of the loader and used for providing vertical downward force for the inner and outer tube sliding type discharging device, and the controller is used for controlling the loader.

Furthermore, the controlled air release device comprises an air compressor, a steam-cement separator and an air flow control valve, wherein an outlet of the air compressor is communicated with the external sleeve through a valve, an inlet of the steam-cement separator is communicated with the external sleeve through a valve, and an air outlet of the steam-cement separator is connected with the air flow control valve.

Further, gas combustion device includes box, intake pipe, battery, switch, solenoid valve, some firearm, combustion chamber, the entry of intake pipe links to each other with the gas outlet that has accuse air bleeder, and in the other end stretched into the combustion chamber, some firearm connected to the combustion chamber, the battery passes through electric wire connection solenoid valve and some firearm, and the switch mounting is used for controlling the solenoid valve to open some firearm outside the box.

In a third aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides an application method of the apparatus for controlled release of a superficial harmful gas in a water area, including the following steps:

(1) pressing the sliding probe rod into the water surface and the soil layer at a preset depth, and monitoring the methane concentration, the side wall friction force and the pore water pressure in real time in the pressing process;

(2) identifying and determining a gas-containing sandy lens body according to the methane concentration, the side wall friction force and the pore water pressure, and judging that the depth contains shallow gas when the internal methane concentration exceeds a set threshold value;

(3) the external sleeve is pulled up to expose the air holes in the soil layer, then air is discharged, and the air is combusted through a steam-water-mud separator and a combustion device;

(4) when the gas is released slowly, the air compressor is connected, and the gas is injected into the rod, so that the gas is completely released from the hole.

According to the technical scheme, the beneficial effects of the invention are as follows:

(1) the method of inner and outer tube sliding type discharge effectively solves the problem that water flow enters the exhaust hole in the traditional water area air discharge process and the problem that hole site blockage is easily caused in the traditional air discharge process. Can effectively realize the in-situ investigation of harmful gases and more thoroughly realize the controlled deflation.

(2) The combustion of gas can prevent that the gas that releases from causing the pollution and making personnel's poisoning scheduling problem to the atmosphere, can prevent to produce the explosion in the combustion process in addition to improved burner, increases construction safety.

Drawings

The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, are included to provide a further understanding of the invention, and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments of the invention and together with the description, serve to explain the invention and not to limit the invention. In the drawings:

FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram (front view) of an apparatus for controlled release of shallow noxious gases from a body of water according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a schematic structural view (front view) of the inner and outer pipes and the surveying device;

FIG. 3 is a schematic view (front view) of the structure of the gas combustion apparatus;

description of reference numerals: 1. shallow layer gas, 2 drill bit, 3a water layer, 3b soil layer, 4 prospecting pipe, 5 external casing pipe, 6 counter force anchor, 7 float, 8 shelf, 9 pulley, 10 loader, 11 fixing hole, 12 first three-way valve, 12 'second three-way valve, 13 first three-way valve switch, 13' second three-way valve switch, 14 signal transmitter, 15 top valve, 16 signal receiver, 17 air compressor, 18 steam-water-mud separator, 19 barometer, 20 mud-water separating valve, 21 connecting rod, 22 sedimentation tank, 23 airflow control valve, 24 gas burner, 25 switch, 26 flame, 27 methane concentration sensor, 28 strain gauge, 29 pore pressure sensor, 30 permeable stone, 31 friction sleeve, 32 sealing pad, 33 diamond air vent hole, 34. Air release pipe 35, inward concave along circumferential direction, 36, inward convex along circumferential direction, 37, electric wire 38, air inlet pipe 39, battery 40, electromagnetic valve 41, igniter 42, combustion chamber

Detailed Description

It should be noted that the embodiments and features of the embodiments in the present application may be combined with each other without conflict. The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the embodiments with reference to the attached drawings.

It is noted that the terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of example embodiments in accordance with the present application. As used herein, the singular forms "a", "an" and "the" are intended to include the plural forms as well, and it should be understood that when the terms "comprises" and/or "comprising" are used in this specification, they specify the presence of stated features, steps, operations, devices, components, and/or combinations thereof, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise.

It should be noted that the terms "first," "second," and the like in the description and claims of this application and in the drawings are used for distinguishing between similar elements and not necessarily for describing a particular sequential or chronological order. It is to be understood that the terms so used are interchangeable under appropriate circumstances such that the embodiments of the application described herein are, for example, capable of operation in sequences other than those illustrated or otherwise described herein. Furthermore, the terms "comprises," "comprising," and "having," and any variations thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, system, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of steps or elements is not necessarily limited to those steps or elements expressly listed, but may include other steps or elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus.

Spatially relative terms, such as "above … …," "above … …," "above … …," "above," and the like, may be used herein for ease of description to describe one device or feature's spatial relationship to another device or feature as illustrated in the figures. It will be understood that the spatially relative terms are intended to encompass different orientations of the device in use or operation in addition to the orientation depicted in the figures. For example, if a device in the figures is turned over, devices described as "on" or "over" other devices or configurations would then be oriented "under" or "under" the other devices or configurations. Thus, the exemplary term "above … …" can include both an orientation of "above … …" and "below … …". The device may be otherwise variously oriented (rotated 90 degrees or at other orientations) and the spatially relative descriptors used herein interpreted accordingly.

Exemplary embodiments according to the present application will now be described in more detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. These exemplary embodiments may, however, be embodied in many different forms and should not be construed as limited to only the embodiments set forth herein. It is to be understood that these embodiments are provided so that this disclosure will be thorough and complete, and will fully convey the concept of the exemplary embodiments to those skilled in the art, in the drawings, it is possible to enlarge the thicknesses of layers and regions for clarity, and the same reference numerals are used to designate the same devices, and thus, the description thereof will be omitted.

As shown in fig. 1 to 3, the embodiment of the present invention provides an inner and outer tube sliding type discharging apparatus, which comprises an exploration gas discharging tube and an outer casing 5; the exploration deflation pipe comprises an exploration pipe 4 and a deflation pipe 34; the air release pipe 34 is provided with an air release hole, the air release pipe 34 is telescopically embedded into the external casing pipe 5, the exploration pipe 4 is fixed at the lower end of the air release pipe 34, the lower end of the exploration pipe 4 is provided with a drill bit 2, when the internal and external pipe sliding type discharging device drills downwards, the external casing pipe 5 and the exploration pipe 4 are closed, the air release hole on the air release pipe 34 is closed, and water flow is prevented from permeating into the pipe; when the in-situ shallow gas is detected, the external casing 5 is pulled up and slides until the air hole of the air release pipe 34 is opened, and the shallow gas is released.

Adopt inside and outside pipe slidingtype design on the one hand the gas emission difficulty that silt blockked up and cause when having solved the exhaust, on the other hand solved that rivers easily permeate intraductally when visiting under the waters gassing, improved the efficiency of construction that carries out the during operation gassing in the waters, this equipment is still applicable in the reconnaissance field.

In this embodiment, the air bleeding pipe 34 is telescopically embedded into the external casing 5, and specifically, an outward protrusion 36 is arranged on the upper portion of the air bleeding hole in the air bleeding pipe 34 along the circumferential direction; the bottom end of the external casing is provided with an inward concave 35 along the circumferential direction, and the diameter of the external casing 5 is equal to that of the exploration pipe 4. By adopting the design, the air hole is sealed when the probe rod is drilled, the air hole is exposed by the upward sliding of the external sleeve 5 during air discharging, and when the external sleeve 5 slides to a certain distance, the external sleeve 5 is just clamped by the inward protrusion 35 in the circumferential direction and the inward protrusion in the circumferential direction of the air discharging pipe 34, all the air discharging holes are exposed, and the sliding distance is limited.

In this embodiment, the air holes are diamond-shaped air holes 33 arranged in an array. With this design, the area of intake air is increased.

In the embodiment, the exploration tube 4 comprises a drill bit 2, a methane concentration sensor 27, a strain gauge 28, a pore pressure sensor 29, a permeable stone 30, a friction sleeve 31 and a sealing gasket sleeve 32, wherein the permeable stone 30 is circumferentially connected above the drill bit 2, the permeable stone 30 is hollow and is provided with the methane concentration sensor 27, and the sealing gasket 32 is connected above the permeable stone 30; the bottom end of the friction sleeve 31 is connected and sealed with a sealing washer 32, and a pore pressure sensor 29 for measuring pore water pressure in the pressing process and a strain gauge 28 for measuring the friction force of the side wall of the soil body are arranged inside the friction sleeve 31. By adopting the design, the upper end and the lower end of the friction sleeve 31 are connected with the sealing gasket 32, so that when downward exploration is prevented, water permeates into the inside of an instrument to destroy the accuracy of the instrument, the pore pressure sensor 29 and the strain gauge 28 in the friction sleeve 31 and the methane concentration sensor 27 at the lower part can accurately obtain the friction force, the pore water pressure and the methane concentration of the sidewall of a exploration soil body, and the gas reservoir is accurately identified.

The inner and outer pipe sliding type discharging device further comprises a signal transmission device, the signal transmission device comprises a signal transmitter 14 and a signal receiving device 16, the methane concentration sensor 27, the pore pressure sensor 29 and the strain gauge 28 are all connected with the signal transmitter 14, and the signal transmitter 14 and the signal receiving device 16 carry out data transmission.

In the sounding process, gas enters the drill bit chamber through the permeable stone 30, is sensed by the methane concentration sensor 27, and is transmitted to the signal transmitter 14 through the electric wire; the signal transmitter 14 is arranged at the upper part of the external casing pipe 5, and the signal receiver 16 is arranged on the air compressor 17 and used for monitoring and acquiring the methane concentration and soil parameter data in real time. By adopting the design, the signal transmitter 14 is connected with the exploration device, so that the soil body parameters and the methane concentration can be monitored in real time, and the data can be transmitted to the signal receiving device 16 in real time, thereby being beneficial to the expansion of the subsequent deflation work.

The embodiment of the invention also provides equipment for controlled release of shallow harmful gas in a water area, which comprises:

an inner and outer tube sliding discharge apparatus as described above;

a hydraulic loading device which is connected with the inner and outer tube sliding type discharging devices and provides pressing force for the devices;

a controlled air release device connected with the inner and outer tube sliding type discharge devices and used for controlling the air release rate; and

a gas combustion device connected with the controlled gas release device and used for treating harmful gas.

Specifically, the hydraulic loading device includes a reaction anchor 6, a float 7, a shelf 8, a pulley 9, a loader 10, a fixing hole 11, a controller 12, and the like. Float 7 connects the shelf 8 below for provide buoyancy for the device, shelf 8 is used for as the support, reaction anchor 6 is connected at 8 both ends of shelf and is used for inserting the ground end and provide the counter-force for the device, pulley 9 connects and installs simultaneously on shelf 8 below loader 10, the horizontal slip of being convenient for, loader 10 of upper end is used for providing vertical decurrent power for the probe rod, fixed orifices 11 connect and are used for fixed probe rod position on loader 10, controller 12 connects on shelf 8, be used for controlling the loader. By adopting the design, the buoy 7 is connected under the whole hydraulic loading device, provides buoyancy for the device, is convenient for fixing the counterforce device on water, can slide left and right by the design of the pulley 9 under the loader 10, is convenient for accurately selecting the position of an exploration hole, and the fixed hole 11 is used for fixing the position of the probe rod, and is convenient for stably drilling in during downward exploration.

Specifically, the controlled release device comprises an air release pipe 34, a diamond-shaped air release hole 33, an external sleeve 5, a first three-way valve 12, a second three-way valve 12 ', a first three-way valve switch 13, a second three-way valve switch 13', a top valve 15, an air compressor 17, an air pressure gauge 19, a mud-water separation valve 20, a bracket 21, a steam-water-mud separator 18, an airflow control valve 23 and the like. The air release pipe 34 is connected to the upper end of the exploration pipe 4, the external casing pipe 5 is connected to the outer side of the periphery, when the exploration pipe drills down, the external casing pipe 5 slides down to seal the air release pipe 34, when the air release pipe releases air, the external casing pipe 5 slides up, and the rhombic air release hole 33 in the air release pipe leaks out. The upper end of the external connecting sleeve 5 is connected with a top valve 15, the top valve 15 is opened when the gas is released in an upward sliding mode, the valve is closed when the gas is found to overflow, the second three-way valve 12 'is connected, and the second three-way valve 13' is opened and is connected to a steam-cement separator 18 through a pipeline; the barometer 19 is arranged on the right side of the steam-cement separator 18, the lower end of the barometer is provided with the sedimentation tank 33, the middle of the barometer is connected with the sedimentation tank through the bracket 31, and the upper end of the steam-cement separator is provided with the airflow control valve 23 which can control the flow of gas; the inlet of the air compressor 17 is connected with the external sleeve 5 through the first three-way valve 13, when the gas is released slowly, the air compressor 17 is opened, the gas is injected, the gas pressure in the gas-containing soil is increased, and the gas release efficiency is improved. By adopting the design, the air compressor 17 is connected with the external sleeve 5, when the air is slowly discharged, the air pressure of the soil body is increased, under the condition of high internal and external air pressure difference, the harmful gas can be discharged more quickly and thoroughly, the muddy water separator 18 is connected with the external sleeve 5 through the second three-way valve 13', the muddy water can enter together, the muddy water can enter the sedimentation tank 33 by opening the muddy water separation valve 20, the water and the mud can be separated from the gas and enter the gas combustion device through the gas flow control valve 23, the gas flow can be stably controlled, and the controlled release is realized.

The gas combustion device is connected to the steam-cement separator 18 and comprises an air inlet pipe 38, a battery 39, an electromagnetic valve 40, an igniter 41, a combustion chamber 42, a switch 25 and the like. The air inlet pipe 38 is connected with the air flow control valve 23 and communicated with the combustion chamber 42, the battery 39 is arranged at the lower right end of the bottom of the box body and is connected with the electromagnetic valve 40 and the igniter 41 through electric wires, the switch 25 is arranged at the outer side of the box body, when harmful gas enters the combustion chamber 42 through the air inlet pipe 38, the switch 25 is opened, and the igniter 41 is controlled through the electromagnetic valve 40 to enable the gas to be combusted in the combustion chamber. By adopting the design, the gas entering the gas inlet pipe 38 directly passes through the combustion chamber 42, the switch 25 controls the igniter 41 through the electromagnetic valve 40, safe ignition is realized, the explosion condition is prevented, the combustion chamber 42 can treat harmful gas for the first time, and the pollution to the air and the harm to the human body are reduced.

The test procedure of the inventive device is briefly described below:

fix whole device on water through cursory 7 shelf 8 and reaction anchor 6, the rethread loader 9 is impressed the probe rod into water and certain degree of depth in soil layer, and specific degree of depth is decided according to actual engineering, and the gas sand matter lenticule of containing of soil layer is discerned to exploration device and methane concentration sensor 27 on the rethread bleeder 34 to signal transmitter 14 of external casing 5 upper end is given with the data that will obtain, and signal receiver 16 is given with the signal transmission by signal transmitter 14 again, gathers in real time and the data that the record obtained by signal receiver 16.

After the gas reservoir is identified, the external sleeve 5 is pulled upwards to expose the gas release hole, and when the gas is found to be blown out, the top valve 15 is closed and connected with a second three-way valve 12', and then the gas reservoir is connected with a steam-cement separator 18 and a gas combustion device 24 through pipelines; the gas starts to be released through the gas release pipe 34, when the release rate is slow, the air compressor 17 is connected and opened, air with about 0.7MPa is injected into the soil body, and the gas pressure in the gas-containing soil is increased so as to release the gas. The released gas enters the gas-cement separator 18, is connected with a gas flow control valve 23 to control the gas release rate, and then is connected to a gas combustion device 24 through a pipeline for combustion.

When the air flow is reduced to 0 or the combustion of the combustion chamber is completely finished, the three-way valve is disconnected, the probe rod is continuously pulled upwards, and when shallow gas appears again, the steps are repeated.

And finishing equipment, and preparing for controlled discharge of the next hole.

The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention, and various modifications and changes may be made by those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, or improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (9)

1. The sliding type discharging device for the inner pipe and the outer pipe is characterized by comprising an exploration gas discharging pipe and an external casing pipe (5); the exploration deflation pipe comprises an exploration pipe (4) and a deflation pipe (34), wherein the deflation pipe (34) is provided with a deflation hole, the deflation pipe (34) is telescopically nested into the external casing pipe (5), the exploration pipe (4) is fixed at the lower end of the deflation pipe (34), the lower end of the exploration pipe (4) is provided with a drill bit (2), when the internal and external pipe sliding type discharging device drills down, the external casing pipe (5) and the exploration pipe (4) are closed, the deflation hole on the deflation pipe (34) is closed, and water flow is prevented from permeating into the pipe; when in-situ shallow gas is detected, the external casing (5) is pulled up and slides until the air hole of the air release pipe (34) is opened, and the shallow gas is released.

2. The inner and outer tube sliding discharge apparatus as claimed in claim 1, wherein the louvers are diamond shaped louvers (33) arranged in an array.

3. The inner and outer pipe sliding type discharging device as claimed in claim 1, wherein the exploration pipe (4) comprises a drill bit (2), a methane concentration sensor (27), a strain gauge (28), a pore pressure sensor (29), a permeable stone (30), a friction sleeve (31) and a sealing gasket sleeve (32), the lower end of the permeable stone (30) is connected above the drill bit (2), the permeable stone (30) is hollow and is provided with the methane concentration sensor (27), the upper end of the permeable stone (30) is connected with the sealing gasket (32), the bottom end of the friction sleeve (31) is connected and sealed with the sealing gasket (32), and the friction sleeve (31) is internally provided with the pore pressure sensor (29) for measuring pore water pressure in a pressing-down process and the strain gauge (28) for measuring the friction force of the side wall of a soil body.

4. The inner and outer pipe sliding type discharging device as claimed in claim 1, further comprising a signal transmission means including a signal transmitter (14) and a signal receiving means (16), wherein the methane concentration sensor (27), the pore pressure sensor (29) and the strain gauge (28) are connected to the signal transmitter (14), and the signal transmitter (14) and the signal receiving means (16) perform data transmission.

5. An apparatus for controlled release of shallow noxious gases in a body of water, comprising:

an inner and outer tube sliding drain as defined in claim 3;

a hydraulic loading device which is connected with the inner and outer tube sliding type discharging devices and provides pressing force;

a controlled air release device connected with the inner and outer tube sliding type discharge devices and used for controlling the air release rate; and

a gas combustion device connected with the controlled gas release device and used for treating harmful gas.

6. An apparatus for controlled release of shallow noxious gases in a body of water as claimed in claim 5, wherein the hydraulic loading unit comprises a reaction anchor (6), a float (7), a frame (8), a pulley (9), a loader (10) and a controller (12), the float (7) is connected to the lower part of the frame (8) for providing buoyancy to the apparatus, the frame (8) is used as a support, the two ends of the frame (8) are connected to the reaction anchor (6) and inserted into the ground to provide reaction to the apparatus, the pulley (9) is connected to the lower end of the loader (10) and is installed on the frame (8), the external sleeve (5) is fixed to the upper end of the loader (10) for providing vertical downward force to the inner and outer tube sliding type discharging device, and the controller (12) is used for controlling the loader (10).

7. The device for controlled release of shallow harmful gases in a water area according to claim 5, wherein the controlled release device comprises an air compressor (17), a sludge-steam separator (18) and an air flow control valve (23), the outlet of the air compressor (18) is communicated with the external casing (5) through the valve, the inlet of the sludge-steam separator (18) is communicated with the external casing (5) through the valve, and the air outlet of the sludge-steam separator (18) is connected with the air flow control valve (23).

8. An apparatus for controlled release of shallow harmful gas in water area according to claim 6, wherein said gas combustion device comprises a box, an air inlet pipe (38), a battery (39), a switch (25), a solenoid valve (40), an igniter (41), and a combustion chamber (42), the inlet of said air inlet pipe (38) is connected to the gas outlet of said controlled release device, the other end of said air inlet pipe extends into said combustion chamber (42), said igniter (41) is connected to said combustion chamber (42), said battery (39) is connected to said solenoid valve (40) and said igniter (41) by electric wire, and said switch (25) is installed outside said box for controlling said solenoid valve to open said igniter.

9. A construction method of the device for controlled release of the shallow harmful gas in the water area of claim 5, which comprises the following steps:

(1) pressing the sliding probe rod into the water surface and the soil layer at a preset depth, and monitoring the methane concentration, the side wall friction force and the pore water pressure in real time in the pressing process;

(2) identifying and determining a gas-containing sandy lens body according to the methane concentration, the side wall friction force and the pore water pressure, and judging that the depth contains shallow gas when the internal methane concentration exceeds a set threshold value;

(3) the external sleeve is pulled up to expose the air holes in the soil layer, then air is discharged, and the air is combusted through a steam-water-mud separator and a combustion device;

(4) when the gas is released slowly, the air compressor is connected, and the gas is injected into the rod, so that the gas is released from the hole completely.

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