CN112251707A - Blade tip cutting coating with boundary particles with equal-size enveloping protrusion and preparation method - Google Patents

Blade tip cutting coating with boundary particles with equal-size enveloping protrusion and preparation method Download PDF

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CN112251707A
CN112251707A CN202011034082.3A CN202011034082A CN112251707A CN 112251707 A CN112251707 A CN 112251707A CN 202011034082 A CN202011034082 A CN 202011034082A CN 112251707 A CN112251707 A CN 112251707A
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hard ceramic
ceramic particles
tip
particles
boundary
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CN112251707B (en
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杨冠军
石秋生
刘梅军
赵梦琪
李长久
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Xian Jiaotong University
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Xian Jiaotong University
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
    • C23C4/00—Coating by spraying the coating material in the molten state, e.g. by flame, plasma or electric discharge
    • C23C4/12—Coating by spraying the coating material in the molten state, e.g. by flame, plasma or electric discharge characterised by the method of spraying
    • C23C4/134—Plasma spraying
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
    • C23C4/00—Coating by spraying the coating material in the molten state, e.g. by flame, plasma or electric discharge
    • C23C4/04—Coating by spraying the coating material in the molten state, e.g. by flame, plasma or electric discharge characterised by the coating material
    • C23C4/06—Metallic material
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
    • C23C4/00—Coating by spraying the coating material in the molten state, e.g. by flame, plasma or electric discharge
    • C23C4/04—Coating by spraying the coating material in the molten state, e.g. by flame, plasma or electric discharge characterised by the coating material
    • C23C4/06—Metallic material
    • C23C4/08—Metallic material containing only metal elements
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
    • C23C4/00—Coating by spraying the coating material in the molten state, e.g. by flame, plasma or electric discharge
    • C23C4/12—Coating by spraying the coating material in the molten state, e.g. by flame, plasma or electric discharge characterised by the method of spraying
    • C23C4/137—Spraying in vacuum or in an inert atmosphere
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
    • C23C4/00—Coating by spraying the coating material in the molten state, e.g. by flame, plasma or electric discharge
    • C23C4/18—After-treatment

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
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  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Other Surface Treatments For Metallic Materials (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses a cutting coating with protruding boundary particles with equal size envelope and a preparation method thereof, belonging to the technical field of material surface modification and coating. A tip cutting coating with boundary particles with equal size enveloping and protruding comprises a bonding alloy layer and hard ceramic particles, wherein one part of the hard ceramic particles are combined on a tip end face through the bonding alloy layer, the other part of the hard ceramic particles are enveloped at the boundary of the tip end face in an equal size and protrude out of the boundary of the tip end face, the distance from the far end point of more than 50% of the hard ceramic particles with equal size enveloped at the boundary of the tip end face to the boundary of the tip end face is 0.1-0.25 times of the average particle size of the hard ceramic particles. The protruding parts are enveloped by the hard ceramic particles with the same size, so that the blade tip can be effectively protected by the coating, and the machined inner wall coating of the casing is flush and has good sealing effect.

Description

Blade tip cutting coating with boundary particles with equal-size enveloping protrusion and preparation method
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of material surface modification and coating, in particular to a cutting coating with protruding boundary particles with equal size envelope and a preparation method thereof.
Background
With the aggravation of energy crisis, the improvement of engine efficiency and the reduction of oil consumption become one of the research hotspots of the current aero-engine. In modern aircraft gas turbine engines, tip clearances have a large impact on compressor and turbine efficiency. Research shows that the efficiency is reduced by about 1.5% when the blade tip clearance is increased by 1% of the blade length; and the oil consumption rate is increased by about 2% for each reduction l% of the efficiency. Therefore, reducing the blade tip clearance is an effective method for improving the efficiency of the engine and reducing the oil consumption. However, the blade tip clearance cannot be too small, because too small a clearance causes scraping abrasion of the rotor and the stator and damage to the casing and the blades, and in severe cases, the engine even has serious faults, so that the safety of the engine is threatened. In order to improve the efficiency of the engine and protect the blades and the casing from being scratched and damaged, a wear-resistant sealing coating is introduced in the design and development of the air path seal of the aeroengine, and the minimum air path gap is maintained so as to improve the performance of the engine. At the same time, in order to prevent the blade from overheating (finally breaking) during rubbing, the blade tip is coated with ceramic wear-resistant particles to protect the blade matrix.
The blade tip coating is to coat a layer of material on the tip of the blade by adopting an advanced process, so that direct collision and abrasion of rotor and stator parts are prevented, and heat accumulation and conduction to a blade substrate in normal collision and abrasion are prevented. The blade tip coating is usually made of metal matrix ceramic composite materials, and ceramic particles are fixed on the blade tip surface through an alloy binding phase, so that the hardness and the wear resistance of the blade tip are improved on the premise of ensuring that the coating and a matrix form good combination. However, as the blade structure becomes more complex, the relative movement between the blade tip and the casing becomes more diversified. The traditional blade tip coating structure is difficult to fully protect the blade tip, and the blade tip surface boundary is often directly rubbed with the casing coating due to the lack of hard particles. The random distribution of the hard particles at the boundary of the tip end face of the blade can cause the irregularity of the shape of a concave mark and the like after the coating of the casing is cut, thereby reducing the sealing effect to a certain extent. In addition, the common preparation method of the blade tip wear-resistant coating mainly comprises a laser cladding technology and an electroplating method, the blade tip coating prepared by the two methods has good wear resistance, but the hard ceramic particles at the boundary of the blade tip surface are not fully distributed and are not firmly combined.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to overcome the defects of the prior art, the invention aims to provide a blade tip cutting coating with protruding enveloping size of boundary particles and the like and a preparation method thereof, so as to solve the technical problems that hard ceramic particles on the boundary of a blade tip end surface are irregularly distributed and are not firmly combined with the blade tip end surface.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme to realize the purpose:
a tip cutting coating with boundary particles with equal size enveloping protrusion comprises a bonding alloy layer and hard ceramic particles, wherein one part of the hard ceramic particles are combined on a tip end face through the bonding alloy layer, the other part of the hard ceramic particles are enveloped at the boundary of the tip end face in an equal size and protrude out of the boundary of the tip end face, the distance from the far end point of more than 50% of the hard ceramic particles with equal size to the boundary of the tip end face is equal in the hard ceramic particles enveloped at the boundary of the tip end face, the distance from the far end point of the hard ceramic particles with equal size to the boundary of the tip end face is 0.1-0.25 times of the average particle size of the hard ceramic particles, and the hard ceramic particles with equal size are hard ceramic particles with the particle size larger than 0.8 times of the average particle size of the hard ceramic particles.
Furthermore, the hard ceramic particles are uniformly distributed within the range of 0.5 time of the particle size of the hard ceramic particles on the tip surface of the blade; the surface density of the hard ceramic particles outside the particle size of 0.5 times of the hard ceramic particles on the tip end surface of the blade is lower than that of the hard ceramic particles within the particle size of 0.5 times of the hard ceramic particles on the tip end surface of the blade, and the bulk density of the hard ceramic particles outside the particle size of 0.5 times of the hard ceramic particles on the tip end surface of the blade is equal to that of the hard ceramic particles within the particle size of 0.5 times of the hard ceramic particles on the tip end surface of the blade.
Further, the hard ceramic particles are cubic boron nitride particles or diamond particles, and the average particle size of the hard ceramic particles is 50-350 μm.
Furthermore, the bonding alloy component is a nickel-based alloy with a nickel content of more than 53 percent and a chromium content of 6-28 percent or a titanium-based alloy with a titanium content of more than 40 percent, a zirconium content of 18-30 percent, a copper content of 10-25 percent and a nickel content of 5-10 percent.
A preparation method of a blade tip cutting coating with boundary particles with equal size enveloping protrusion specifically comprises the following preparation steps:
step S1, coating an adhesive bonding gold layer on the leaf tip surface with a clean surface;
step S2, fixing the tip end surface coated with the bonding alloy layer, and then placing a tip end surface expansion flat plate to ensure that the tip end surface is flush with the end surface of the tip end surface expansion flat plate;
step S3, spreading hard ceramic particles on the tip end surface of the blade provided with the tip end surface expansion flat plate to ensure that the tip end surface is completely covered, and then removing the tip end surface expansion flat plate;
step S4, rolling a circle along the blade tip end surface by a roller with steps, so that the distance from the distal end point of more than 50% of the hard ceramic particles in the large particles with the particle size 0.8 times larger than the average particle size of the hard ceramic particles to the boundary of the blade tip end surface is equal, and the distance is 0.1-0.25 times larger than the average particle size of the hard ceramic particles;
and S5, heating the tip end surface processed in the step S4 to remelt the bonding alloy layer, wrapping the hard ceramic particles by the bonding alloy layer, and forming a tip cutting coating with the boundary particles and the like with enveloping and protruding sizes on the boundary of the tip end surface and the tip end surface.
Further, in the step S1, the coating method is a vacuum plasma spraying method, the spraying power is 20kW to 35kW, and the spraying distance is 100mm to 400 mm.
Further, in step S2, the blade tip surface expanding flat plate is split at both sides, the side surface of the blade tip surface expanding flat plate is engaged with the side surface of the blade tip surface in shape, and the gap between the blade tip surface expanding flat plate and the blade tip surface is not more than 0.3 to 0.5 times the average particle size of the hard ceramic particles.
Further, in step S3, the blade tip end surface extension flat plate is removed in a manner of being taken out vertically downward along the blade tip end surface side.
Further, in the step S4, the speed of the stepped roller rolling along the blade tip face for one circle is 0.2cm/S-1 cm/S.
Further, in the step S5, the heating temperature is 1.05 to 1.2 times of the melting point of the bonding alloy layer, and the heating mode is induction heating or vacuum furnace heating.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
the invention discloses a tip cutting coating with protruding boundary particles in an equal-size envelope manner, which comprises a bonding alloy layer and hard ceramic particles, wherein one part of the hard ceramic particles are combined on a tip end face through the bonding alloy layer, the other part of the hard ceramic particles are in an equal-size envelope manner and protrude out of the boundary of the tip end face, and the distances from the distal end points of more than 50% of large-particle hard ceramic particles in the equal-size envelope manner to the boundary of the tip end face are equal. By limiting the protruding length of the hard ceramic particles at the boundary of the tip end face of the blade, the hard ceramic particles at the boundary of the tip end face of the blade are regularly distributed with parallel edges, so that the regular distribution of the hard ceramic particles at the boundary of the tip end face of the blade is realized, and the blade tip cutting coating is firmly combined with the tip end face of the blade. The hard ceramic particles at the boundary of the tip end face are enveloped by the protruding parts with the same size, so that the tip end face can be effectively protected by the tip end cutting coating, the cutting flush of the tip end coating and the inner wall of the casing after cutting is guaranteed, and the sealing effect is good.
The invention discloses a preparation method of a blade tip cutting coating with boundary particles of equal size and protruding enveloping, which comprises the steps of coating an adhesive gold layer on a blade tip end surface, spreading hard ceramic particles on the blade tip end surface provided with a blade tip end surface expanding flat plate, and rolling for a circle along the blade tip end surface by using a roller with steps, so that the distance from the far end point of more than 50% of the hard ceramic particles in large particles with the particle size of 0.8 times larger than the average particle size of the hard ceramic particles to the boundary of the blade tip end surface is equal, and the distance is 0.1-0.25 times larger than the average particle size of the hard ceramic particles; heating the treated tip end surface to enable the bonding alloy layer to be remelted, wherein the bonding alloy layer wraps the hard ceramic particles, and a tip cutting coating with protruding boundary particles and the like with enveloping sizes is formed at the boundary of the tip end surface and the tip end surface of the blade. The preparation method can obtain a structure with the same size envelope of particles, so that the coating realizes excellent cutting performance.
Further, in the application, the gap between the blade tip surface expansion flat plate and the blade tip surface is not more than 0.3-0.5 times of the average grain diameter of the hard ceramic particles, so that the hard ceramic particles falling on the gap are prevented from falling.
Further, the speed of the stepped roller rolling along the blade tip face for one circle is 0.2cm/s-1cm/s, and the outer boundary of the hard ceramic particles is ensured to be flush.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a top view of a boundary particle equi-sized envelope protrusion tip cutting coating structure according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a top view of the relative positions of the tip face extension plate and the tip face provided by the present invention:
FIG. 3 is a structural three-dimensional view of a stepped roller bearing according to the present invention; (a) a front view; (b) a left view; (c) a top view;
wherein: 1-leaf apex face; 2-a bonding alloy layer; 3-hard ceramic particles, 4-tip end face extension plate.
Detailed Description
In order to make the technical solutions of the present invention better understood, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
It should be noted that the terms "first," "second," and the like in the description and claims of the present invention and in the drawings described above are used for distinguishing between similar elements and not necessarily for describing a particular sequential or chronological order. It is to be understood that the data so used is interchangeable under appropriate circumstances such that the embodiments of the invention described herein are capable of operation in sequences other than those illustrated or described herein. Furthermore, the terms "comprises," "comprising," and "having," and any variations thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, system, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of steps or elements is not necessarily limited to those steps or elements expressly listed, but may include other steps or elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus.
The invention is described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings:
referring to fig. 1, a tip cutting coating member with boundary particles having an equi-sized envelope protruding comprises a binder alloy layer 2 and hard ceramic particles 3, a part of the hard ceramic particles 3 is bonded to a tip end face 1 through the binder alloy layer 2, another part of the hard ceramic particles 3 is equi-sized envelope at the boundary of the tip end face 1 and protrudes from the boundary of the tip end face 1, the distances from the distal end points of more than 50% of the large hard ceramic particles 3 among the hard ceramic particles 3 equi-sized envelope at the boundary of the tip end face 1 to the boundary of the tip end face 1 are equal, the distance from the distal end points of the large hard ceramic particles 3 to the boundary of the tip end face 1 is 0.1 to 0.25 times the average particle size of the hard ceramic particles 3, wherein the large hard ceramic particles 3 are the hard ceramic particles 3 having a particle size greater than 0.8 times the average particle size of the hard ceramic particles 3, and the hard ceramic particles 3 equi-sized envelope at the boundary of the tip end face 1 of the hard ceramic particles 3 Are all equal in length. Wherein, the hard ceramic particle distal point refers to the point at which the single hard ceramic particle is farthest from the perpendicular at the blade tip face boundary.
Preferably, the hard ceramic particles 3 are uniformly distributed within 0.5 times of the particle size of the tip surface of the blade; hard ceramic particles are distributed outside the range of 0.5 times of the particle size of the tip surface of the blade, the number distribution density of the particles per unit area is lower than the range of 0.5 times of the particle size, and the volume density of the particles outside the range of 0.5 times of the particle size is the same as that of the particles within the range of 0.5 times of the particle size.
Preferably, the hard ceramic particles are cubic boron nitride particles or diamond particles, and the average particle size of the hard ceramic particles is 50 μm to 350 μm.
Preferably, the bonding alloy comprises nickel base alloy with a nickel content of more than 53 percent and a chromium content of 6-28 percent or titanium base alloy with a titanium content of more than 40 percent, a zirconium content of 18-30 percent, a copper content of 10-25 percent and a nickel content of 5-10 percent in percentage by mass.
A preparation method of a blade tip cutting coating piece with boundary particles with equal size enveloping protrusion specifically comprises the following preparation steps:
step S1, coating a bonding alloy layer 2 on the tip end surface 1 with a clean surface;
step S2, fixing the tip end surface 1 coated with the bonding alloy layer, and then placing a tip end surface expansion flat plate to ensure that the tip end surface is flush with the end surface of the tip end surface expansion flat plate;
step S3, spreading hard ceramic particles 3 on the tip end surface of the blade provided with the tip end surface expansion flat plate to ensure that the tip end surface 1 is completely covered, and then removing the tip end surface expansion flat plate;
step S4, rolling a circle along the blade tip face 1 by a roller with steps, so that the distance from the distal end point of more than 50% of the hard ceramic particles 3 in the large particles with the particle size 0.8 times larger than the average particle size of the hard ceramic particles 3 to the boundary of the blade tip face 1 is equal, and the distance is 0.1-0.25 times larger than the average particle size of the hard ceramic particles 3;
step S5, heating the tip end face 1 processed in the step S4 to enable the bonding alloy layer 2 to be remelted, enabling the bonding alloy layer 2 to wrap the hard ceramic particles 3, and forming a tip cutting coating with the boundary particles and the like with protruding enveloping sizes at the boundary of the tip end face 2 and the tip end face 2.
Preferably, in the step S1, the coating method is a vacuum plasma spraying method, the spraying power is 20kW to 35kW, and the spraying distance is 100mm to 400 mm.
Preferably, in step S2, the blade tip surface expanding flat plate is split into two sides, the side surface of the blade tip surface expanding flat plate 4 is engaged with the side surface of the blade tip surface 1 in shape (see fig. 2), and the gap between the blade tip surface expanding flat plate 4 and the blade tip surface 1 is not more than 0.3 to 0.5 times of the average particle size of the hard ceramic particles 3.
Preferably, in step S3, the blade tip end surface extension flat plate 4 is removed in a manner of being taken out vertically downward along the side surface of the blade tip end surface 1.
Preferably, in the step S4, the speed of the stepped roller rolling along the blade tip face 1 for one circle is 0.2cm/S-1 cm/S.
Preferably, in the step S5, the heating temperature is 1.05 to 1.2 times of the melting point of the bonding alloy layer 2, and the heating mode is induction heating or vacuum furnace heating.
Referring to fig. 3(a), (b) and (c), the roller with steps is formed by turning an outer ring of a bearing to form steps with the average particle size of 0.1-0.25 times, cylinders with the same size as an inner ring are used as handles, the bearing is a single-row ball bearing, the size of the bearing is 9mm in outer diameter, 4mm in inner diameter, 2.5mm in thickness, 9mm in outer diameter, 4mm in inner diameter, 2.5mm in wall thickness, and the height of the steps is 0.1-0.25 times of the average particle size of hard particles.
Example 1
A tip cutting coating with boundary particles with equal size and protruding in an enveloping mode comprises a Ni71CrSi bonding alloy layer and a cubic boron nitride particle ceramic particle layer, wherein cubic boron nitride particles with the average particle size of 50 mu m are bonded on a blade tip face of a nickel-base superalloy GH4037 through a Ni71CrSi bonding alloy, the distance from the distal end point of more than 50% of hard ceramic particles with the equal size among the hard ceramic particles with the equal size at the boundary of the blade tip face to the boundary of the blade tip face is equal, the distance from the distal end point of the hard ceramic particles with the large particles to the boundary of the blade tip face is 0.1-0.25 times of the average particle size of the hard ceramic particles, and the cutting coating with the sharp tip exposed corner of the cubic boron nitride particle, firm bonding with the GH4037 blade face and equal size and protruding boundary particles is formed. The specific preparation scheme of the coating is as follows:
(1) firstly, pretreating the surface of a blade matrix to remove pollution and oil stains, and coating a Ni71CrSi layer with the thickness of 35 mu m on the pretreated blade tip surface by adopting a vacuum plasma spraying technology, wherein the spraying process parameters are as follows: the spraying power is 20kW, the powder feeding speed is 16g/min, and the spraying distance is 100 mm;
(2) fixing the tip of the blade coated with the Ni71CrSi layer upwards, then placing expansion flat plates which are occluded with the shape of the side face of the tip face of the blade and have the same level with the upper surface on the two side faces of the blade, wherein the gap between the expansion flat plates and the end face of the blade is not more than 0.3 time of the average grain size of cubic boron nitride particles;
(3) the method comprises the following steps of (1) spreading cubic boron nitride particles on the end face of a blade provided with a blade tip end face expansion flat plate to cover most of the area of the blade tip end, particularly the thinnest parts of two ends of the blade tip end, and then removing the blade tip end face expansion flat plate downwards along the side face of the blade;
(4) the major diameter part of a roller with steps is tightly attached to the tip end face of the blade, the minor diameter part is aligned with cubic boron nitride particles, the roller rolls for a circle along the blade body at the rolling speed of 0.2cm/s, so that the vertical distance between the far end point of more than 50% of the particles in large particles with the size of more than 40 mu m and the boundary of the blade body is equal, and the distance is between 5 and 12.5 mu m;
(5) and heating the tip end surface scattered with the cubic boron nitride particles by adopting an induction heating technology to remelt the Ni71CrSi layer and tightly wrap the cubic boron nitride particles. The induction heating process parameters are as follows: the induction current is 20A, the heating time is 15s, and the heating temperature is 1478K.
The hardness of the coating obtained according to the method is 330-380HV0.2The bonding strength between the coatings is between 55 and 60 MPa.
Example 2
A tip cutting coating with boundary particles with equal size envelope protrusion comprises a Ti20Zr25Cu10Ni bonding alloy layer and a cubic boron nitride ceramic particle layer, wherein cubic boron nitride particles with the average particle size of 100 mu m are bonded on a leaf tip face of a nickel-base superalloy GH4037 through a Ti20Zr25Cu10Ni bonding alloy, the distance from the distal end point of more than 50% of large-particle hard ceramic particles in hard ceramic particles with the equal size envelope at the boundary of the leaf tip face to the boundary of the leaf tip face is equal, the distance from the distal end point of the large-particle hard ceramic particles to the boundary of the leaf tip face is 0.1-0.25 times of the average particle size of the hard ceramic particles, and the cutting coating with the sharp exposed corner tips of the cubic boron nitride particles, firm bonding with the leaf tip face of GH4037 and the equal size protrusion of the boundary particles is formed. The specific preparation scheme of the coating is as follows:
(1) firstly, the surface of a blade matrix is pretreated for removing pollution and oil stain, a Ti20Zr25Cu10Ni layer with the thickness of 50 mu m is coated on the pretreated blade tip surface by adopting a vacuum plasma spraying technology, and the spraying process parameters are as follows: the spraying power is 21kW, the powder feeding speed is 16g/min, and the spraying distance is 110 mm;
(2) fixing the tip of the blade coated with the Ti20Zr25Cu10Ni layer upwards, then placing expansion flat plates which are occluded with the shape of the side surface of the tip of the blade and have the same level with the upper surface on the two side surfaces of the blade, wherein the gap between the expansion flat plates and the end surface of the blade is not more than 0.3 time of the average grain size of cubic boron nitride particles;
(3) the method comprises the following steps of (1) spreading cubic boron nitride particles on the end face of a blade provided with a blade tip end face expansion flat plate to cover most of the area of the blade tip end, particularly the thinnest parts of two ends of the blade tip end, and then removing the blade tip end face expansion flat plate downwards along the side face of the blade;
(4) the large-diameter part of a roller with steps is tightly attached to the blade body, the small-diameter part of the roller is aligned with the cubic boron nitride particles, the roller rolls for a circle along the blade body at the rolling speed of 0.5cm/s, so that the vertical distance between the far end point of more than 50% of the large particles with the size of more than 80 mu m and the boundary of the blade body is equal, and the distance is between 10 and 25 mu m;
(5) and heating the tip end surface scattered with the cubic boron nitride particles by adopting an induction heating technology to remelt the Ti20Zr25Cu10Ni layer and tightly wrap the cubic boron nitride particles. The induction heating process parameters are as follows: the induced current was 30A, heated for 12s, and the heating temperature was 1223K.
The coating obtained by the method has a hardness of 340-390HV0.2And the bonding strength between coatings is 57-62 MPa.
Example 3
A tip cutting coating piece with boundary particles with equal size envelope protrusion comprises a Ni71CrSi bonding alloy layer and a CBN ceramic particle layer, cubic boron nitride particles with the average particle size of 120 mu m are bonded on a blade tip face of a nickel-base superalloy GH4037 through a Ni71CrSi bonding alloy, the distance from the distal end point of more than 50% of hard ceramic particles with the equal size envelope at the boundary of the blade tip face to the boundary of the blade tip face is equal, the distance from the distal end point of the hard ceramic particles with the large particles to the boundary of the blade tip face is 0.1-0.25 times of the average particle size of the hard ceramic particles, and a cutting coating with sharp tip exposed outer corner of the cubic boron nitride particles, firm bonding with the GH4037 blade face, equal size protrusion of the boundary particles is formed. The specific preparation scheme of the coating is as follows:
(1) firstly, pretreating the surface of a blade matrix to remove pollution and oil stains, and coating a Ni71CrSi layer with the thickness of 100 mu m on the pretreated blade tip surface by adopting a vacuum plasma spraying technology, wherein the spraying process parameters are as follows: the spraying power is 25kW, the powder feeding speed is 18g/min, and the spraying distance is 150 mm;
(2) fixing the tip of the blade coated with the Ni71CrSi layer upwards, and then respectively placing expansion flat plates which are engaged with the side surface of the tip surface and have the same shape as the upper surface of the blade tip surface on the two side surfaces of the blade, wherein the gap between each expansion flat plate and the end surface of the blade is not more than 0.4 time of the average grain size of cubic boron nitride particles;
(3) the method comprises the following steps of (1) spreading cubic boron nitride particles on the end face of a blade provided with a blade tip end face expansion flat plate to cover most of the area of the blade tip end, particularly the thinnest parts of two ends of the blade tip end, and then removing the blade tip end face expansion flat plate downwards along the side face of the blade;
(4) the large-diameter part of the roller with the steps is tightly attached to the blade body, the small-diameter part of the roller with the steps is aligned with the cubic boron nitride particles, the roller with the steps rolls for a circle along the blade body at the rolling speed of 1cm/s, so that the vertical distance between the far end point of more than 50% of the large particles with the size of more than 96 mu m and the boundary of the blade body is equal, and the distance is between 12 and 30 mu m;
(5) and heating the tip end surface scattered with the cubic boron nitride particles by adopting an induction heating technology to remelt the Ni71CrSi layer and tightly wrap the cubic boron nitride particles. The induction heating process parameters are as follows: the induction current is 40A, the heating time is 10s, and the heating temperature is 1478K.
The coating obtained by the method has a hardness of 340-390HV0.2And the bonding strength between coatings is 56-61 MPa.
Example 4
A tip cutting coating with equal-size enveloping and protruding boundary particles comprises a Ti20Zr25Cu10Ni bonding alloy layer and a diamond ceramic particle layer, wherein diamond particles with the average particle size of 200 mu m are bonded on the tip face of a Ti alloy TC4 blade through a Ti20Zr25Cu10Ni bonding alloy, the distance from the far end point of more than 50% of hard ceramic particles in hard ceramic particles with the equal-size enveloping at the boundary of the tip face of the blade to the boundary of the tip face of the blade is equal, the distance from the far end point of the hard ceramic particles to the boundary of the tip face of the blade is 0.1-0.25 times of the average particle size of the hard ceramic particles, and the cutting coating with sharp exposed diamond particle outer edge angles, firm bonding with the tip face of the TC4 blade and equal-size protruding boundary particles is formed. The specific preparation scheme of the coating is as follows:
(1) firstly, the surface of a blade matrix is pretreated for removing pollution and oil stain, a Ti20Zr25Cu10Ni layer with the thickness of 150 mu m is coated on the pretreated blade tip surface by adopting a vacuum plasma spraying technology, and the spraying process parameters are as follows: the spraying power is 30kW, the powder feeding speed is 20g/min, and the spraying distance is 200 mm;
(2) fixing the tip of the blade coated with the Ti20Zr25Cu10Ni layer upwards, and then respectively placing expansion flat plates which are occluded with the shape of the side surface of the tip surface of the blade and have the same upper surface with the blade, wherein the gap between the expansion flat plates and the end surface of the blade is not more than 0.4 time of the average grain size of diamond particles;
(3) spreading diamond particles on the end face of the blade provided with the tip end face expansion flat plate to cover most of the tip end area of the blade, particularly the thinnest part of the two ends of the blade, and then removing the tip end face expansion flat plate downwards along the side face of the blade;
(4) the large-diameter part of a roller with steps is tightly attached to the blade body, the small-diameter part is aligned with diamond particles, the roller rolls for a circle along the blade body at the rolling speed of 0.2cm/s, so that the vertical distance between the far end point of more than 50% of the particles in large particles with the size of more than 160 mu m and the boundary of the blade body is equal, and the distance is between 16 and 40 mu m;
(5) and heating the tip end surface scattered with the diamond particles by adopting an induction heating technology so as to remelt the Ti20Zr25Cu10Ni layer and tightly wrap the diamond particles. The induction heating process parameters are as follows: the induction current is 50A, the heating time is 8s, and the heating temperature is 1223K.
The hardness of the coating obtained by the method is 360-410HV0.2And the bonding strength between coatings is 56-61 MPa.
Example 5
A tip cutting coating member with boundary particles protruding in an equal-size envelope manner comprises a Ni71CrSi bonding alloy layer and diamond ceramic particle layers, wherein diamond ceramic particles with the average particle size of 300 mu m are bonded on a titanium alloy TC4 blade tip face through the Ni71CrSi bonding alloy, the distance from the far end point of more than 50% of hard ceramic particles in hard ceramic particles with the equal-size envelope at the boundary of the blade tip face to the boundary of the blade tip face is equal, the distance from the far end point of the hard ceramic particles to the boundary of the blade tip face is 0.1-0.25 times of the average particle size of the hard ceramic particles, and a cutting coating with sharp exposed diamond particle outer corners, firm bonding with the TC4 blade tip face, protruding boundary particles and the like is formed. The specific preparation scheme of the coating is as follows:
(1) firstly, pretreating the surface of a blade matrix to remove pollution and oil stains, and coating a Ni71CrSi layer with the thickness of 180 mu m on the pretreated blade tip surface by adopting a vacuum plasma spraying technology, wherein the spraying process parameters are as follows: the spraying power is 33kW, the powder feeding speed is 20g/min, and the spraying distance is 350 mm;
(2) fixing the tip of the blade coated with the Ni71CrSi layer upwards, and then respectively placing expansion flat plates which are occluded with the shape of the side surface of the tip surface of the blade and have the same level with the upper surface on the two side surfaces of the blade, wherein the gap between each expansion flat plate and the end surface of the blade is not more than 0.5 time of the average grain size of diamond particles;
(3) spreading diamond particles on the end face of the blade provided with the tip end face expansion flat plate to cover most of the tip end area of the blade, particularly the thinnest part of the two ends of the blade, and then removing the tip end face expansion flat plate downwards along the side face of the blade;
(4) the large-diameter part of a roller with steps is tightly attached to the blade body, the small-diameter part is aligned with diamond particles, the roller rolls for a circle along the blade body at the rolling speed of 0.5cm/s, so that the vertical distance between the far end point of more than 50% of the particles in large particles with the size of more than 240 mu m and the boundary of the blade body is equal, and the distance is between 24 and 60 mu m;
(5) and heating the tip end surface scattered with the diamond particles by adopting an induction heating technology to remelt the Ni71CrSi layer and tightly wrap the diamond particles. The induction heating process parameters are as follows: the induction current is 60A, the heating time is 5s, and the heating temperature is 1478K.
The coating obtained by the method has a hardness of 350-390HV0.2The bonding strength between coatings is between 55 and 62 MPa.
Example 6
A tip cutting coating with equal-size enveloping and protruding boundary particles comprises a Ti20Zr25Cu10Ni bonding alloy layer and a diamond ceramic particle layer, wherein diamond particles with the average particle size of 350 mu m are bonded on the tip face of a Ti alloy TC4 blade through a Ti20Zr25Cu10Ni bonding alloy, the distance from the far end point of more than 50% of hard ceramic particles in hard ceramic particles with the equal-size enveloping at the boundary of the tip face of the blade to the boundary of the tip face of the blade is equal, the distance from the far end point of the hard ceramic particles to the boundary of the tip face of the blade is 0.1-0.25 times of the average particle size of the hard ceramic particles, and the cutting coating with sharp exposed diamond particle outer edges, firm bonding with the tip face of the TC4 blade and equal-size protruding boundary particles is formed. The specific preparation scheme of the coating is as follows:
(1) firstly, the surface of a blade matrix is pretreated for removing pollution and oil stain, a Ti20Zr25Cu10Ni layer with the thickness of 200 mu m is coated on the pretreated blade tip surface by adopting a vacuum plasma spraying technology, and the spraying process parameters are as follows: the spraying power is 35kW, the powder feeding speed is 20g/min, and the spraying distance is 400 mm;
(2) fixing the tip of the blade coated with the Ti20Zr25Cu10Ni layer upwards, and then respectively placing expansion flat plates which are occluded with the shape of the side surface of the tip surface of the blade and have the same upper surface with the blade, wherein the gap between the expansion flat plates and the end surface of the blade is not more than 0.5 time of the average grain size of diamond particles;
(3) spreading diamond particles on the end face of the blade provided with the tip end face expansion flat plate to cover most of the tip end area of the blade, particularly the thinnest part of the two ends of the blade, and then removing the tip end face expansion flat plate downwards along the side face of the blade;
(4) the large-diameter part of a roller with steps is tightly attached to the blade body, the small-diameter part of the roller is aligned with diamond particles, the roller rolls for a circle along the blade body at the rolling speed of 1cm/s, so that the vertical distance between the far end point of more than 50% of the large particles with the size of more than 280 mu m and the boundary of the blade body is equal, and the distance is between 35 and 88 mu m;
(5) and heating the tip end surface scattered with the diamond particles by adopting an induction heating technology so as to remelt the Ti20Zr25Cu10Ni layer and tightly wrap the diamond particles. The induction heating process parameters are as follows: the induction current was 65A, heated for 2s, and the heating temperature was 1223K.
The hardness of the coating obtained by the method is 370-410HV0.2And the bonding strength between coatings is 57-62 MPa.
The above-mentioned contents are only for illustrating the technical idea of the present invention, and the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereby, and any modification made on the basis of the technical idea of the present invention falls within the protection scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims (10)

1. A tip cutting coating with boundary particles protruding in an equal-size envelope manner, comprising a binder alloy layer (2) and hard ceramic particles (3), wherein a part of the hard ceramic particles (3) are bonded to a tip end surface (1) through the binder alloy layer (2), another part of the hard ceramic particles (3) are enclosed at the boundary of the tip end surface (1) in an equal-size envelope manner and protrude from the boundary of the tip end surface (1), the distances from the distal points of more than 50% of the large-particle hard ceramic particles (3) in the hard ceramic particles (3) enclosed at the boundary of the tip end surface (1) in an equal-size envelope manner to the boundary of the tip end surface (1) are equal, the distance from the distal points of the large-particle hard ceramic particles (3) to the boundary of the tip end surface (1) is 0.1-0.25 times the average particle size of the hard ceramic particles (3), and the large-particle hard ceramic particles (3) are hard ceramic particles having a particle size larger than the average particle size of the hard ceramic particles (3) by 0.8 times (3).
2. The tip cutting coating with equi-sized boundary particles having outstanding enveloping characteristics according to claim 1, wherein the hard ceramic particles (3) are uniformly distributed within 0.5 times the particle size of the hard ceramic particles (3) on the tip surface of the blade; the surface density of the hard ceramic particles (3) outside the range of 0.5 times the particle size of the hard ceramic particles (3) on the tip end surface of the blade is lower than the surface density of the hard ceramic particles (3) inside the range of 0.5 times the particle size of the hard ceramic particles (3) on the tip end surface of the blade, and the bulk density of the hard ceramic particles (3) outside the range of 0.5 times the particle size of the hard ceramic particles (3) on the tip end surface of the blade is equal to the bulk density of the hard ceramic particles (3) inside the range of 0.5 times the particle size of the hard ceramic particles (3) on the tip end surface of.
3. A boundary particle equi-sized envelope extrusion tip cutting coating as claimed in claim 1 wherein said hard ceramic particles are cubic boron nitride particles or diamond particles, said hard ceramic particles having an average particle size of 50 μm to 350 μm.
4. The tip cutting coating with equal-sized envelope protrusions of boundary particles as claimed in claim 1, wherein the binder alloy component is a nickel-based alloy having a nickel content of more than 53% and a chromium content of 6-28% or a titanium-based alloy having a titanium content of more than 40%, a zirconium content of 18-30%, a copper content of 10-25%, and a nickel content of 5-10% by mass.
5. The method for preparing the tip cutting coating with the boundary particles with the equal-size enveloping protrusions as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 4, which is characterized by comprising the following specific preparation steps:
step S1, coating a bonding alloy layer (2) on the blade tip surface (1) with a clean surface;
step S2, fixing the leaf tip end surface (1) coated with the bonding alloy layer, and then placing the leaf tip end surface expansion flat plate (4) to enable the leaf tip end surface (2) to be flush with the end surface of the leaf tip end surface expansion flat plate (4);
step S3, spreading hard ceramic particles (3) on the tip end surface (2) provided with the tip end surface expanding flat plate (4) to ensure that the tip end surface (1) is completely covered, and then removing the tip end surface expanding flat plate;
step S4, rolling a circle along the blade tip face (1) by a roller with steps, so that the distance from the far end point of more than 50% of the hard ceramic particles (3) in the large particles with the particle size 0.8 times larger than the average particle size of the hard ceramic particles (3) to the boundary of the blade tip face (1) is equal, and the distance is 0.1-0.25 times larger than the average particle size of the hard ceramic particles (3);
and S5, heating the tip surface (1) processed in the step S4 to remelt the bonding alloy layer (2), wrapping the hard ceramic particles (3) by the bonding alloy layer (2), and forming a tip cutting coating with the boundary particles and the like with enveloping and protruding sizes at the boundary of the tip surface (2) and the tip surface (2).
6. The method for preparing a boundary particle equi-sized envelope extrusion tip cutting coating according to claim 5, wherein in the step S1, the coating method is vacuum plasma spraying, the spraying power is 20kW to 35kW, and the spraying distance is 100mm to 400 mm.
7. The method for preparing a blade tip cutting coating with equi-sized envelope protrusions of boundary particles according to claim 5, wherein in step S2, the blade tip surface expanding flat plate (4) is divided into two sides, the side surface of the blade tip surface expanding flat plate (4) is engaged with the side surface of the blade tip surface (1) in shape, and the gap between the blade tip surface expanding flat plate (4) and the blade tip surface (1) is not more than 0.3-0.5 times of the average particle size of the hard ceramic particles (3).
8. The method for preparing a blade tip cutting coating with equi-sized enveloping protrusions of boundary particles as claimed in claim 5, wherein in step S3, the blade tip face extension flat plate (4) is removed in a manner of being taken out vertically downward along the side of the blade tip face (1).
9. The method for preparing a blade tip cutting coating with equi-sized enveloping protrusions of boundary particles as claimed in claim 5, wherein in step S4, the speed of the stepped roller rolling along the blade tip face (1) for one circle is 0.2cm/S-1 cm/S.
10. The method for preparing a tip cutting coating with equi-sized boundary particles enveloping protrusions according to claim 5, wherein in the step S5, the heating temperature is 1.05-1.2 times of the melting point of the binder alloy layer (2), and the heating mode is induction heating or vacuum furnace heating.
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CN109338288A (en) * 2018-09-17 2019-02-15 中国科学院金属研究所 A kind of gas turbine blades blade tip protective coating and its preparation method and application

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20110164961A1 (en) * 2009-07-14 2011-07-07 Thomas Alan Taylor Coating system for clearance control in rotating machinery
CN107138878A (en) * 2017-04-19 2017-09-08 天津职业技术师范大学 A kind of preparation method of titanium-fire-preventing coating
WO2019028526A1 (en) * 2017-08-10 2019-02-14 Vaxxas Pty Limited Differential coating of microprojections and microneedles on arrays
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