CN112248876A

CN112248876A - Battery management method for power exchange cabinet, power exchange system and combined adapter

Info

Publication number: CN112248876A
Application number: CN202011249115.6A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 张军
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 2019-11-11
Filing date: 2020-11-11
Publication date: 2021-01-22
Also published as: CN214396452U

Abstract

The invention discloses a battery management method for a battery changing cabinet, the battery changing cabinet, a battery changing system and a combined adapter, wherein the method comprises the following steps: executing the following steps before controlling to unlock the battery: acquiring electrical parameters of a plurality of batteries in the power exchange cabinet, wherein the plurality of batteries are in a uniform specification; dividing the plurality of batteries into at least two groups, wherein the electrical parameters and/or charging curves of the batteries in the same group are similar; in each single power utilization request operation, the batteries are selected from the same group of items and the battery replacement cabinet is controlled to be unlocked for the user to take. The method enables the characteristics of the batteries provided for the user to be relatively close, and avoids the damage to the electric equipment caused by the fact that the batteries with larger difference in the battery changing cabinet are used for the same electric equipment. The battery rental mode is realized by the battery replacement system, and the problems of battery compatibility and universality, potential safety hazards, endurance, battery service life and the like are solved. The electric equipment can be suitable for the battery replacement system only by being provided with the proper combined adapter without changing other mechanical and electrical structures.

Description

Battery management method for power exchange cabinet, power exchange system and combined adapter

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of battery changing cabinets of electric equipment, in particular to a battery management method of a battery changing cabinet, a battery changing system and a combined adapter.

Background

With the popularization of electric vehicles, the electric vehicles become important transportation means for people to travel in short distance in daily life, but users have many problems in use. For example:

(1) potential safety hazard: the fire accident caused by charging of the electric vehicle is frequently seen, which causes high attention and importance of government administration departments, how to safely charge and prevent the fire accident, and the problem of the electric vehicle user is also a concern of the government department. Related regulations are strictly forbidden to charge indoors, in corridors and in cells by wiring boards so as to prevent fire disasters from happening in various cities of China.

(2) Mileage anxiety: the charging of the electric vehicle is always the first problem of the traveling of the electric vehicle, if the electric vehicle is not electrified in daily use, the charging time is long, the distance of a charging station is long, if the electric vehicle is shared, the electric vehicle is not electrified on the half way, so how to find the battery and how to dispose the vehicle.

(3) The effect of poor charging on the battery: the battery is divided into a lead-acid battery and a lithium battery, the battery charging is divided into slow charging and fast charging, meanwhile, the service lives of different types of batteries are different, the charging modes are different, and the service life of the battery can be influenced by improper charging.

In order to solve the pain points of the traditional electric vehicle charging, the battery replacement cabinet is generated, and the purposes of going ahead → changing along → going along are really achieved. The electricity-changing cabinet is very similar to the combination of 'shared treasured that charges' + 'intelligence express delivery cabinet' from the product form, and the use mode is with shared treasured that charges, and the user sweeps a yard payment deposit and gets the battery use, still retrieves new battery with old battery after using up. From the product form, like the express delivery cabinet, every battery all is put in the cabinet door of one, borrows, still of accomplishing the battery through the opening of every cabinet door of control.

However, the inventor finds that the power exchange cabinet cannot be popularized and used on a large scale like a 'shared charger baby' or an 'intelligent express cabinet', because of the reason; "Intelligent express delivery cabinets" essentially provide space within the cabinet for sharing, rather than rechargeable batteries; a rechargeable battery provided by the shared charger can charge a mobile terminal without considering the problem of battery combination. The driving voltage and driving power of electric equipment such as electric vehicles are often higher, and the voltage and power requirements can be met only by using a plurality of batteries in a combined manner, and the battery sharing can lead to gradual differentiation and difference of the capacity, voltage, resistance and other characteristics of the batteries in the power change cabinet, and the inconsistency is accumulated continuously, the difference generated between the single batteries is larger as the time is longer, and the batteries and the electric equipment can be damaged by the battery combination work with larger difference.

In addition, because the hand-held mobile terminal has the input voltage of international uniform standard, the compatibility and the universality of the battery are not considered. However, the matching of the battery replacement battery and the existing electric vehicle on the market is limited by the problems of compatibility and universality due to different power consumption specifications of the electric vehicle and different sizes and shapes of the battery compartment of the electric vehicle. The traditional old lead storage battery is assembled and used at 12V, and is not replaced until the lead storage battery is worn out, and the conventional battery replacement enterprises also provide an attempt of increasing the battery capacity by sharing two batteries in parallel, but the requirements of different electric equipment with different use voltage changes and different sizes of battery storage spaces cannot be met.

Disclosure of Invention

In view of this, embodiments of the present invention provide a battery management method for a battery changing cabinet, a battery changing system, and a combined adapter, so as to solve the above problems.

According to a first aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides a battery management method for a battery swap cabinet, where the following steps are performed before controlling to unlock a battery: acquiring electrical parameters of a plurality of batteries in the power exchange cabinet, wherein the batteries are in a uniform specification; dividing the plurality of batteries into at least two groups, wherein the electrical parameters and/or charging curves of the batteries in the same group are similar; in each single power utilization request operation, the batteries are selected from the same group of items and the battery replacement cabinet is controlled to be unlocked for the user to take.

According to the battery management method for the battery replacement cabinet, the batteries are divided into at least two groups, the electrical parameters and/or charging curves of the batteries in the same group of items are similar, in each single power utilization request operation, the batteries are selected from the same group of items, the battery replacement cabinet is controlled to unlock the selected batteries for users to take, and due to the fact that the electrical parameters and/or charging curves of the batteries in the same group of items are similar, the characteristics of the batteries provided for the users are relatively close, and damage to the power utilization equipment caused by the fact that the batteries with large differences in the battery replacement cabinet are used for the same power utilization equipment is avoided.

Optionally, the step of dividing the plurality of batteries into at least two groups, wherein the electrical parameters and/or battery charging curves of the batteries in the same group are similar comprises: naturally classifying the batteries with similar electrical parameters by using a clustering method, and aggregating the batteries into at least two groups according to a data center screened out naturally; and/or, taking the electrical parameter-time curve in the constant-current charging process of the battery as a classification object, and classifying the curve characteristics into groups by using a statistical algorithm so as to divide the battery into at least two groups.

Optionally, the electrical parameter comprises at least one of: the open-circuit voltage after the battery is converted into the battery replacement cabinet and before charging, the open-circuit voltage, the resistance and the capacity after the battery is charged to the voltage with the preset value, and the open-circuit voltage, the resistance and the capacity after the charging process of the battery is finished.

Optionally, the power-on-demand operation comprises a battery replacement; in each single power utilization request operation, selecting batteries from the same group of items and controlling the battery changing cabinet to be unlocked for a user to take, the method comprises the following steps: when a battery replacement request of a user is received, controlling the power exchange cabinet to receive the battery and judging whether an electric signal generated by putting the battery into the power exchange cabinet is received within a preset time period; after receiving the electric signal within a preset time period, selecting a battery from the same group and controlling the battery changing cabinet to be unlocked for a user to take; and returning to the step of controlling the power exchange cabinet to receive the battery and judging whether an electric signal generated by putting the battery into the power exchange cabinet is received or not, and continuing to execute the step until the power utilization request operation is finished.

Optionally, after the step of obtaining the electrical parameters of the plurality of batteries in the power conversion cabinet, the method further includes: determining a most unbalanced person, wherein the most unbalanced person is a battery of which the difference between the electrical parameter and the electrical parameters of other batteries meets a preset condition; eliminating the most unbalanced ones before the step of dividing the plurality of cells into at least two groups is performed.

Optionally, after receiving a battery replacement request from a user, power consumption management data of a battery to be replaced or a battery that has been replaced by the current power consumption request operation is acquired.

Optionally, the power utilization request operation includes a battery application; in each single power utilization request operation, selecting batteries from the same group of items and controlling the battery changing cabinet to be unlocked for a user to take, the method comprises the following steps: when a battery application request of a user is received, acquiring the number of batteries applied and taken by the user and a battery replacement authority of the user, wherein the battery replacement authority of the user comprises the maximum value of the number of the batteries which can be applied and taken by the user account; judging whether the number of batteries applied for use by a user exceeds a battery replacement authority or not; when the number of the batteries applied for use by the user does not exceed the battery replacement right, the batteries are selected from the same group and the battery replacement cabinet is controlled to be unlocked for the user to use.

Optionally, the power utilization request operation further comprises battery temporary storage; correspondingly, the method further comprises: when a battery temporary storage request of a user is received, acquiring the number of batteries which the user applies for temporary storage and a battery replacement permission, wherein the battery replacement permission of the user comprises the maximum value of the number of batteries which can be temporarily stored in the user account; judging whether the number of batteries temporarily stored by the user application exceeds the battery replacement authority; when the number of batteries temporarily stored by the user application does not exceed the battery replacement right, controlling the battery replacement cabinet to receive the batteries; and circularly executing the step until the power utilization request operation is finished.

Optionally, the power usage requesting operation further comprises battery return; correspondingly, the method further comprises: when a battery return request of a user is received, judging whether a battery corresponding to the user account is in a temporary storage state or not; when the batteries corresponding to the user accounts are in the temporary storage state, the battery replacement permission of the user accounts is increased according to the number of the temporarily stored batteries, and the number of the batteries in the temporary storage state in the user accounts is decreased.

Optionally, the power usage requesting operation further includes battery recycling; correspondingly, the method further comprises: and when a battery recycling request of a user is received, controlling the power change cabinet to unlock a preset number of retired batteries for the user to collect.

Optionally, the method further comprises: judging whether the accumulated time of the current power utilization request operation is greater than a preset time; and when the accumulated time of the current power utilization request operation is longer than the preset time, sending error alarm information to a user and terminating the current power utilization request operation.

Optionally, the method further comprises: and calculating the bill or the reward to be paid according to the battery taken by the user, and sending the bill or the reward to the user account.

Through the setting of electricity demand operations such as above-mentioned battery change, battery application, battery are kept in, the battery returns, realized from the mode that trades the cabinet and leases the battery, how much electric energy that the user used pays how much expense, to the user just not having so-called battery life, the mode of renting the battery of so controllable charging had both solved the compatibility and the commonality problem of battery, also fine solution potential safety hazard, continuation of the journey and battery life scheduling problem, also can provide electric power solution for various outdoor consumer.

According to a second aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides a battery management apparatus for a battery swap cabinet, including: the acquisition unit is used for acquiring the electrical parameters of a plurality of batteries in the power exchange cabinet, wherein the batteries are in a uniform specification; the grouping unit is used for dividing the batteries into at least two groups, wherein the electrical parameters and/or charging curves of the batteries in the same group are similar; the unlocking unit is used for selecting batteries from the same group of items and controlling the battery changing cabinet to be unlocked for a user to take in each single power utilization request operation; and the acquiring unit, the grouping unit and the unlocking unit execute the corresponding steps before controlling to unlock the battery.

Optionally, the grouping unit includes: the clustering and grouping subunit is used for naturally classifying the batteries with similar electrical parameters by using a clustering method and aggregating the batteries into at least two groups according to a data center screened out naturally; and/or the statistical grouping subunit is used for taking the electrical parameter-time curve in the constant-current charging process of the battery as a classification object, and classifying the curve characteristics into groups by using a statistical algorithm so as to divide the battery into at least two groups.

According to a third aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides a battery replacement management system, including: a plurality of processors of the power exchange cabinets; the background management system is in communication connection with the processor of each power exchange cabinet; wherein the processors of the plurality of power distribution cabinets and/or the background management system execute the battery management method of any one of the first aspect.

Optionally, the background management system further performs the following steps: acquiring the geographical positions of a plurality of power exchange cabinets; and receiving a power exchange cabinet query request of a user, and pushing the geographical positions and related information of all the power exchange cabinets closest to and/or nearby the user to the user.

Optionally, the background management system further performs the following steps: monitoring the geographical position of a battery replacement cabinet where a retired battery is located in real time; when a battery recycling request of a user is received, pushing all geographical positions of the battery replacing cabinets which are closest to the user and/or nearby and store the retired batteries to the user.

Optionally, the background management system further performs the following steps: judging whether the unlocked retired battery is received by a battery swapping system within a preset time period after the battery is unlocked; locking a user account for collecting an unlocked retired battery when the retired battery is not received within a predetermined period of time.

According to a fourth aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides a battery replacement cabinet, including: a cabinet body; the battery placing positions are arranged on the cabinet body and used for placing batteries; the charging interfaces are arranged at each battery placing position and are used for charging the corresponding batteries; the locking and unlocking mechanisms are arranged on the cabinet body; each battery placing position corresponds to at least one locking and unlocking mechanism, the locking and unlocking mechanisms can be switched between a locking state and an unlocking state, the locking and unlocking mechanisms are used for locking the batteries on the corresponding battery placing positions in the locking state, and the locking of the batteries is released in the unlocking state; the processor executes the battery management method for the battery changing cabinet in any one of the first aspect, and outputs a control signal to control the locking and unlocking mechanism to switch between the locking state and the unlocking state.

Optionally, the power exchange cabinet further comprises a detection device, the detection device comprising: the output end of the battery internal resistance detection mechanism is connected with the input end of the processor and is used for detecting the internal resistance of the battery; and/or, a battery capacity detection mechanism, the output end of which is connected with the input end of the processor and is used for detecting the capacity of the battery; and/or the output end of the battery voltage detection mechanism is connected with the input end of the processor and is used for detecting the voltage of the battery.

Optionally, at least one battery access opening is formed in the surface of the cabinet body; at least two charging seats are arranged in the cabinet body, and each charging seat is used as a battery placing position; any charging seat can be aligned with the battery access.

Optionally, the inside of the cabinet body of the power exchange cabinet further includes: at least two chain wheels which are rotatably arranged in the cabinet body; the annular chain is wound on the at least two chain wheels; all the charging seats are sequentially and fixedly arranged on the outer wall surface of the annular chain; and the driving mechanism is connected with at least one chain wheel and is used for driving the chain wheel to rotate so as to drive the annular chain to move in a linkage manner, so that any charging seat on the outer wall surface of the annular chain can be aligned to the battery inlet and outlet.

Optionally, any of the charging cradles comprises: the first seat body is provided with a placing cavity with one end being a taking and placing opening, and the placing cavity is used as the battery placing position; the cover body, one end of one sidewall of the cover body is rotatably arranged on the taking and placing opening; the locking and unlocking mechanism is arranged on at least one of the first seat body and the cover body and is used for locking the cover body on the first seat body in a locking state so as to cover the access opening with the cover body; in the unlocking state, the other side wall end of the cover body can be opened from the taking and placing opening.

Optionally, the endless chain moves in a second direction along a line connecting the centers of at least two of the sprockets; the cabinet body is also internally provided with a mobile transplanting mechanism and a transplanting power slide rail; the movable transplanting mechanism makes telescopic motion along a first direction, and can be slidably arranged on the transplanting power slide rail, and the sliding direction of the movable transplanting mechanism is vertical to the first direction; the first direction and the sliding direction are positioned on the same plane, and the second direction is perpendicular to the plane; under the movement of the annular chain, when the movable transplanting mechanism slides on the transplanting power slide rail, the movable transplanting mechanism can be switched between any charging seat and any battery inlet and outlet; the mobile plug-in mechanism is used for taking out or inserting a single battery into the charging seat when the mobile plug-in mechanism makes telescopic motion at the charging seat; and when the battery entrance and exit do telescopic motion, the battery assembly box is used for taking and placing or inserting the single battery into the combined adapter at the battery entrance and exit.

Optionally, the processor further records a charging dock for the slot; when the battery replacing cabinet is controlled to receive the battery, the processor controls the driving mechanism to act so that the vacancy charging seat on the outer wall surface of the annular chain is aligned with the battery inlet and outlet; when the battery is unlocked by controlling the power change cabinet, the processor controls the driving mechanism to act so that the unlocked battery is aligned with the battery access.

Optionally, the cabinet interior further comprises: the cable rotary distributor is rotatably arranged in the cabinet body; the cable rotary distributor is provided with a plurality of elastic wires distributed at intervals, leading-out ends of the elastic wires are electrically connected with the charging seats in a one-to-one correspondence manner, and the cable rotary distributor is connected with a power supply; or the surface of one side, facing the charging seat, of the cable rotary distributor is provided with a plurality of electric brushes distributed along the moving path of the annular chain; and when any one charging seat moves along with the annular chain, the charging seat is electrically connected with the electric brush in a sliding manner.

According to a fifth aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides an assembly adapter suitable for the battery changing cabinet of any one of the fourth aspects, including a battery pack, which includes: the battery pack comprises a cavity with at least one side being open, at least one battery is placed in the cavity, and a circuit is arranged on the side wall of the cavity and used for electrically connecting the batteries in the cavity in a preset mode; the preset mode of electric connection comprises series connection, parallel connection, series-parallel connection and only a single battery in a circuit; the first interface is suitable for being plugged, is arranged on the outer surface of the cavity and is provided with at least two conductor joints which are insulated with each other; and two ends of the circuit, which is electrically connected with the at least one battery in a preset mode, are respectively connected with the at least two conductor joints of the first interface.

After the battery replacement system is provided with the combined adapter, the requirements of electric equipment with different use voltage changes and different battery bin sizes can be met, and a mobile equipment manufacturer can change the electric equipment into the electric equipment suitable for the battery replacement system only by being provided with the combined adapter suitable for the electric equipment without changing other mechanical and electrical structures. The electric equipment only calculates the price of the bare computer when sold, and does not need to be in charge of the supply of the power battery.

Optionally, the combination adapter further comprises a parallel seat comprising: a second seat body; the second connector is arranged on the second seat body, is suitable for plugging and is provided with at least two mutually insulated conductor joints; the second interface is matched with each first interface, and when the second interface and each first interface are plugged, the conductor connectors of the second interface and each first interface are respectively and electrically connected; the third interface is arranged on the second seat body, is suitable for plugging, and is provided with at least two mutually insulated conductor joint connectors for connecting electric equipment; and a circuit is further arranged on the second seat body, so that the third interface is electrically connected with the conductor joint of each second interface respectively.

Optionally, the second interface is at least two, and when at least two battery packs are connected by the parallel connection seat, the at least two battery packs are connected in parallel.

According to a sixth aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides a battery swapping system, including: the battery replacement cabinet of any one of the fourth aspects; the batteries are placed in the power exchange cabinet for sharing use by users, and the batteries are of uniform specification; the battery replacement management system of any one of the third aspect.

Optionally, the battery swapping system further includes the combined adapter of any one of the fifth aspects; the battery can be electrically connected between the combined adapter and a charging interface of the battery changing cabinet in a switching mode; when the battery is electrically connected with a charging interface of the power exchange cabinet, the battery is in a charging or fully-charged state, and when the battery is arranged in the combined adapter for connecting the electric equipment, the battery is in a state capable of supplying power to the electric equipment.

Optionally, the combined adapter is provided with a BMS battery management system, and the BMS battery management system sends power utilization management data of the batteries inside the combined adapter to the power exchange cabinet and/or the background management system.

Optionally, the nominal voltage of the plurality of batteries is 12V.

Optionally, the nominal voltage of the plurality of batteries is 24V, and the plurality of batteries have two sets of charge and discharge channels, wherein one set is output at the nominal voltage and the rated capacity of the batteries, and the other set is output at one half of the nominal voltage and one to two times of the rated capacity of the batteries.

Optionally, the plurality of batteries have a rated capacity of 5A · h to 20A · h.

Drawings

In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are some embodiments of the present invention, and other drawings can be obtained by those skilled in the art without creative efforts.

FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a portion of a power device suitable for use with a combination adapter and a battery according to an embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 2A shows a flowchart of a method for battery management of a battery swap cabinet according to an embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 2B shows a flowchart of a method for battery management of a battery swap cabinet according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a schematic block diagram of a battery management apparatus for a battery swap cabinet according to an embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a battery swapping management system according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 5 is a flow chart showing some of the steps performed by the back office management system in the case of a battery reclaim operation;

fig. 6-1 is a schematic perspective view of a first embodiment of a power changing cabinet provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 6-2 is a perspective view of the rear side of the switchgear cabinet of FIG. 6-1;

FIG. 6-3 is an enlarged partial schematic view of a front side surface of the switchgear of FIG. 6-1;

6-4 are schematic structural diagrams of a first implementation of a combination adapter provided by an embodiment of the invention;

FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of one embodiment of a single battery of the combination adapter of FIGS. 6-4;

FIG. 8 is a schematic structural diagram of a second embodiment of a combo adapter provided in an example of the present invention;

FIG. 9 is a schematic structural diagram of a third embodiment of a combination adapter provided in an example of the present invention;

FIG. 10-1 is a schematic structural diagram of a fourth embodiment of a combi adapter provided in an example of the present invention;

FIG. 10-2 is a schematic diagram of an arrangement of a plurality of modular adapters of FIG. 10-1;

FIG. 11 is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the rear side of the switchgear in FIG. 6-1;

FIG. 12 is a partially enlarged schematic structural view of a battery access, a battery, a locking and unlocking mechanism of the power distribution cabinet of FIGS. 6-3;

FIG. 13-1 is a schematic view of one configuration of the modular adaptor of the embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 13-2 is a schematic structural view of a first alternative embodiment of the combination adapter of FIG. 13-1;

FIG. 13-3 is a schematic structural view of a second variation of the modular adaptor of FIG. 13-1

FIG. 14 is a schematic structural diagram of the combined adapter for outputting different voltages and powers according to an embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 15-1 is a schematic structural diagram of a second implementation manner of a power transformation cabinet according to an embodiment of the invention;

FIG. 15-2 is a schematic perspective view of the right side of the switchgear cabinet of FIG. 15-1;

FIG. 15-3 is an enlarged partial schematic view of a front side surface of the switchgear of FIG. 15-1;

FIG. 15-4 is an enlarged partial schematic view of the modular adapter of FIG. 15-3;

FIG. 16 is a schematic view of the rear side of the interior of the battery swap bay of FIG. 15-1;

fig. 17 is a schematic structural view of a cabinet body, an annular chain, a chain wheel and a charging seat arranged in the cabinet body according to a scheme of the power changing cabinet in fig. 15-1;

fig. 18-1 is a schematic structural view of a body of the power exchange cabinet in another scheme of fig. 15-1, and an annular chain, a chain wheel, a charging seat, a mobile transplanting mechanism and a transplanting power slide rail arranged in the body;

FIG. 18-2 is a partially enlarged view of the endless chain, the mobile separating and planting mechanism, and the separating and planting power slide rail shown in FIG. 18-1;

FIG. 18-3 is a schematic structural view of the endless chain, the chain wheel, the mobile separating and planting mechanism and the separating and planting power slide rail in FIG. 18-1;

reference numerals:

1. a battery; 11. a quick interface; 2. a combination adapter; 21. battery packing; 211. a first interface; 22. a parallel seat; 221. a second interface; 222. a third interface; 3. a power exchange cabinet; 31. a cabinet body; 311. a human-machine exchanger; 312. a surveillance camera; 313. a radio frequency inductor; 314. an advertisement screen; 32. a battery inlet and outlet; 33. a charging seat; 331. a first seat body; 332. a cover body; 341. a battery internal resistance detection mechanism; 342. a battery voltage detection mechanism; 343. a battery capacity detection mechanism; 3521. an endless chain; 3522. a sprocket; 3523. moving the transplanting mechanism; 35231. a cylinder; 35232. a clamping jaw; 3524. a power slide rail is inserted and separated; 3525. a cable rotary distributor; 36. an indicator; 4. a power source;

A. scooter and portable vehicle; B. an electric bicycle; C. a portable two-wheeled electric vehicle; D. an electric motorcycle; E. a low-speed electric tricycle; F. an electric vehicle; G. an outdoor power tool.

Detailed Description

In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are some, but not all, embodiments of the present invention. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

The battery and the battery replacement battery referred to by the battery replacement cabinet battery management method provided by the application are batteries used by electric equipment. As shown in fig. 1, the electric device can be a scooter a or other portable vehicle, an electric bicycle B, a two-wheeled electric vehicle C, an electric motorcycle D, an electric tricycle E, a low-speed electric vehicle or electric vehicle F, an outdoor electric tool G, such as a lawn mower. In addition, other electric devices may be used, which are not listed here.

The battery management method for the battery changing cabinet provided by the embodiment can be used for the battery changing cabinet or a background management system in communication connection with the battery changing cabinet. The power change cabinet 3, as shown in fig. 6-1, includes a cabinet body 31, the cabinet body 31 has a groove or a small cabinet capable of accommodating a plurality of batteries, each groove or cabinet has a locking mechanism, for example, a lock catch is provided at the bottom of the groove, correspondingly, the corresponding position of the battery is provided with a ring-shaped notch so that the locking mechanism locks the battery; or, set up the cabinet door on every cupboard, the lock is established to the cabinet door, the battery can place in the cabinet. Each cabinet body 31 is provided with at least one battery access 32, for example, each notch or cabinet door of the power changing cabinet shown in fig. 6-1 and 6-3 is the battery access 12, while the power changing cabinet shown in fig. 15-1 and 15-2 is provided with only one battery access 32. When a battery is placed into the power exchange cabinet from the battery inlet and outlet, the corresponding locking mechanism at the battery placement position is triggered to lock the battery, and a charging interface of the power exchange cabinet is electrically connected with a corresponding charging interface on the battery so as to charge the battery; and when the signal is received, the locking mechanism is opened to unlock the battery for a user to take.

In the present application, the battery is referred to as "minimum battery cell for battery replacement", unless otherwise specified. For example, five batteries ABCDE are combined in series-parallel to reach a predetermined voltage or power to drive an electric device, and the inside of each battery may be formed by connecting dozens or even hundreds of battery cells in series-parallel. When the battery is replaced for the electric equipment, one battery A is independently taken as a whole to be detached and replaced, the battery monomer inside the battery A is not detached and replaced respectively, and the battery ABCDE is not taken as a whole to be replaced together, so that the battery A is the battery referred to in the application.

In some scenarios, for example, as shown in fig. 7 to 10, in order to facilitate battery replacement, a combination adapter 2 is provided to assemble the battery ABCDE, the combination adapter 2 includes a housing or a frame for accommodating the battery, and a peripheral circuit (not shown) and an external interface (for example, 211, 221, 222) for accommodating battery pack discharge (i.e., connecting the battery in a predetermined manner), the combination adapter 2 does not have separate charging and discharging functions, and the combination adapter 2 and the battery are mounted on the electric equipment as a whole when in use. When the batteries of the electric equipment are replaced, the batteries in the combined adapter 2 can be manually detached one by one and placed in the battery replacing cabinet, and the charged batteries are taken out of the battery replacing cabinet and placed in the combined adapter 2, so that the batteries are replaced; alternatively, the combination adapter 2 and the battery may be detached as a unit and placed in the battery replacement cabinet, and the mechanism in the battery replacement cabinet may detach the batteries ABCDE in the combination adapter 2 one by one and replace the batteries ABCDE with the charged batteries. In this case, the battery referred to in this application is battery a or B or C or D or E, rather than the combination adapter being integral with battery ABCDE.

Fig. 2A shows a flowchart of a battery replacement cabinet battery management method according to an embodiment of the present invention. As shown in fig. 2A, the method performs the following steps before controlling to unlock the battery:

s101: and acquiring the electrical parameters of a plurality of batteries in the power exchange cabinet, wherein the plurality of batteries are in a uniform specification.

The electrical parameter in the present application may be an open-circuit voltage after the battery is converted into the battery replacement cabinet and before the battery is charged, an open-circuit voltage, a resistance, and a capacity after the battery is charged to a predetermined value voltage, or an open-circuit voltage, a resistance, and a capacity after the battery charging process is finished, or at least two or all of them.

The specification of the battery in the present application refers to the rated voltage, rated power or rated voltage, rated power of the battery. The battery replacement system provided by the application creatively provides batteries with unified specifications, and the specific specifications adopted are introduced in the subsequent part.

It is known that batteries in a power changing cabinet must be compatible with existing electric equipment on the market. However, the current electric equipment in the market has different electric specifications and different sizes and shapes of the battery bins. Taking a two-wheeled electric vehicle as an example, the voltage of the power battery has 24V, 36V, 48V, 60V, 72V and the like, the power of the corresponding driving motor has various specifications such as 240W, 350W, 500W, 800W, 1200W and the like, and the corresponding protection currents are different; in terms of the shape and size of the battery compartment, the big-bag vehicle is also different from the small-bag vehicle and the national standard vehicle. Some current battery replacement enterprises provide batteries and battery replacement cabinets with various voltage specifications according to different requirements of users on the batteries, and the battery replacement system is complex; still provide only one kind and satisfy takeaway express delivery user voltage specification's battery and trade the battery cabinet, this kind of mode user plane is narrow can not produce the scale effect.

On the one hand, in the inventory market, the electric equipment (such as an electric vehicle) is full of streets, and the wide use of the power change cabinet and the power change battery is limited by the differentiated requirements. On the other hand, in the incremental market, the technical systems of all manufacturers are accumulated for a long time, and each manufacturer has barriers, and the requirements on vehicles are different due to different vehicle use scenes and purposes; therefore, it is difficult to use batteries of one specification (i.e. battery replacement) for all new electric equipment (e.g. electric vehicles) produced by all manufacturers. Based on the above two aspects, in the face of the complexity of the market of the current electric equipment, the technical scheme that batteries are grouped and are only selected from the same group of items to be distributed to users is difficult to think of the batteries adopting the uniform specification by the technical personnel in the field.

S102: the plurality of cells are divided into at least two groups, wherein the cells in the same group have similar electrical parameters and/or charging curves.

The step can be a static sorting method which is used for naturally classifying the batteries with similar electrical parameters by adopting a clustering method and aggregating a plurality of batteries into at least two groups according to a data center screened out naturally; or recording the electrical parameters and time of the battery in the constant-current charging process, taking the electrical parameter-time curve as a classification object, and classifying the curve characteristics into groups by using a statistical algorithm, so as to divide the battery into at least two groups, namely a dynamic sorting method. Of course, a combination of static sorting and dynamic sorting as described above may be used.

Still alternatively, step S102 may also adopt a mapping method, which may specifically be as follows: recording at least two electrical parameters of the battery in the constant current charging process, marking the at least two electrical parameters changing along with time in a coordinate system by taking the at least two electrical parameters as coordinate axes, and drawing one or more straight lines (or curves) in the coordinate system according to the distribution track of the electrical parameter marking points, so that the most electrical parameter marking points are near the straight lines (or curves), and batteries with similar straight line (or curve) characteristics are grouped. For example, the resistance and the capacity of the battery a changing with time are marked in a coordinate system with the resistance and the capacity as coordinate axes, then a straight line a is made so that the most marked points are near the straight line, the resistance and the capacity of the battery B changing with time are marked in another identical coordinate system, then a straight line B is made so that the most marked points are near the straight line, and if the slopes of the straight lines a and B are close, the batteries a and B are grouped together.

It should be noted that, since the batteries used in the present application have a uniform size, the "grouping a plurality of batteries into at least two groups" in step S102 is not necessarily grouped according to the battery size, for example, the 24V batteries are not grouped into one group, and the 36V batteries are grouped into another group. Instead, taking the 24V battery specification as an example, batteries with an actual open circuit voltage of 23.9V are grouped into one group, and batteries with an actual open circuit voltage of 23V are grouped into another group.

S103: in each single power utilization request operation, the batteries are selected from the same group of items and the battery replacement cabinet is controlled to be unlocked for the user to take.

In the step, "single power utilization request operation" includes that a user initiates a power utilization request once, and the battery changing cabinet controls to unlock the batteries of the quantity required by the user once, or the user sends power utilization requests for multiple times within a preset time period, and the battery changing cabinet only controls to unlock one battery once the power utilization request is sent. The "power utilization request" in this paragraph may be a battery application request, a battery replacement request, or a battery recycling request, which is specifically referred to below.

The steps S101 to S103 may all be executed locally in the battery swapping cabinet, or may all be executed in the background management system. When all the operations are performed in the background management system, the background management system can acquire the electrical parameters of the batteries in the multiple power exchange cabinets distributed in multiple geographic positions, and the electrical parameters of the batteries in the multiple power exchange cabinets are gathered together for grouping, and in each single power utilization request operation, the batteries distributed to the user by the background management system can be located in the multiple power exchange cabinets in the multiple geographic positions or in one power exchange cabinet, which can be determined according to the requirements of the user.

In an actual power demand operation, there may be the following situations:

1. battery replacement: the user's electric equipment is provided with a battery, but after long-time use, the battery is insufficient, the charged battery needs to be obtained or rented from the battery replacement cabinet, and the existing insufficient battery is put into the battery replacement cabinet for sharing use by people, namely, the battery is replaced;

2. battery application: the user's electric equipment is not provided with a battery, and the battery needs to be acquired from the battery replacement cabinet or rented to be loaded on the electric equipment for use;

3. temporary storage of the battery: the user does not use the electric equipment for a long time due to reasons such as business trip and the like, and worry that the battery is not used for a long time and has loss, so the battery is put into the power exchange cabinet for sharing use by people, and the situation 2 is that the user uses the electric equipment again;

4. battery return: the batteries in use by the user are not wanted to be used continuously or rented, and the batteries are put into the power exchange cabinet for sharing use by people;

5. battery recovery: each of the switch cabinets may recover poor performance batteries, which may be used with great damage to the consumer and thus may be classified as retired or discarded batteries, which need to be removed from the switch cabinet and no longer delivered to the user.

For these situations, fig. 2B provides another method of battery management for a power distribution cabinet. Before the following method is executed, a user needs to register an account in a background management system, the system inputs user information (for example, the user information includes the rated voltage and the rated power, the shape and the size of the user electric equipment, the number of required batteries and the like), and the user account is allocated with a battery replacement authority according to the condition that the user pays a deposit amount, the number of required batteries of the electric equipment, the voltage and the power parameters and the like.

The battery replacement permission may include a quantity value permission of a battery used in single battery replacement, a maximum value of a battery quantity that a user account can apply for taking, and a maximum value of a battery quantity that a user account can temporarily store, and may also include a maximum value of a battery quantity that a user account can replace, a maximum value of a battery quantity that a user account can recover within a predetermined time period, and the like. More simply, the battery replacement authority can be the maximum number of batteries that a user can hold, the battery replacement authority is reduced by 1 when 1 battery is applied, the battery replacement authority is unchanged when 1 battery is replaced, and the battery replacement authority is increased by 1 when 1 battery is temporarily stored. The battery swapping permission is suitable for the situation that one user account can simultaneously acquire batteries for at least two electric devices. When one user account is limited to be capable of obtaining the battery for only one power consumption, the battery replacement permission of the battery application or battery replacement operation can be the number of the batteries required by the power consumption equipment corresponding to the user account.

As shown in fig. 2B, another method for managing a battery of a power distribution cabinet includes the following steps:

s201: and acquiring the electrical parameters of a plurality of batteries in the power exchange cabinet, wherein the plurality of batteries are in a uniform specification.

The step S201 may be executed once every certain time, for example, acquiring the open-circuit voltage and the resistance of the battery; or, the method may be executed once after a batch of batteries is received, for example, after a battery replacement operation or a battery temporary storage operation, the open-circuit voltage and the resistance of the battery are obtained; or during the constant current charging process of the battery, for example, acquiring the charging voltage, the charging current and the battery capacity which change along with the time; the method may be executed after the battery charging is finished, for example, acquiring the open-circuit voltage, resistance, and capacity of the battery. Or may be executed according to other time points or conditions, which are not limited in this application.

S202: and determining the most unbalanced person, wherein the most unbalanced person is the battery with the difference between the electrical parameter and the electrical parameters of other batteries reaching the preset condition.

For example, when the static sorting method is adopted to group the electrical parameters of the batteries, if the distance between the electrical parameter of the battery a and the nearest data center is the largest, and the distance exceeds a preset distance threshold, the battery a is the most unbalanced one in the batch of batteries; when the dynamic sorting method is adopted to group the electrical parameters of the batteries, if the curve characteristic of the battery B is abnormal, the battery B is the most unbalanced one in the batch of batteries; when the mapping method is adopted to group the electrical parameters of the batteries, if the characteristics of the straight line or the curve obtained by mapping according to the electrical parameter marking points of the battery C are abnormal, the battery C is the most unbalanced one in the batch of batteries.

S203: the least balanced ones are rejected and marked as retired batteries.

After the battery parameters are acquired in step S201, steps S202 and S203 process the data to eliminate the most unbalanced users, so that the inconsistency among the plurality of batteries of the power distribution cabinet can be reduced; since the above steps S201 to S203 are frequently executed, at least one of the most unbalanced users may be eliminated every time the above steps are executed, so that the long-term accumulation is generated, the trend of increasing the difference between the plurality of batteries of the power change cabinet is converged, the battery parameters of the batteries stored in the power change cabinet are relatively close, the difference between the plurality of batteries provided to the user is smaller, and the damage to the electric equipment when the batteries are used in combination is also smaller.

S204: the plurality of cells are divided into at least two groups, wherein the cells in the same group have similar electrical parameters and/or charging curves.

The above steps S201 and S204 can refer to steps S101 and S102, respectively, and are not described herein again.

S205: when a battery replacement request of a user is received, the power exchange cabinet is controlled to receive the battery and judge whether an electric signal generated by putting the battery into the power exchange cabinet is received within a preset time period. After receiving an electrical signal within a predetermined time period, performing step S206; otherwise, other operations are executed, for example, the user is reminded to put in the battery and restart timing, or whether the power utilization request operation is finished is judged.

S206: selecting a battery from the same group of items and controlling the battery changing cabinet to unlock for the user to take; and returning to the step of controlling the battery replacing cabinet to receive the battery and judging whether an electric signal generated by putting the battery into the battery replacing cabinet is received or not, and continuously executing until the power utilization request operation is finished.

The above steps S205 and S206 provide a battery management policy under the battery replacement operation, that is, each time a battery is received by the battery replacement cabinet, a battery is unlocked for a user to access. In this situation, the user needs to provide the same number of batteries for exchange in order to obtain a certain number of batteries, and the battery changing cabinet unlocks the batteries one by one, so that the user can be prevented from mixing the batteries.

When the battery replacement authority of the user includes the maximum number of batteries that can be replaced by the user account, it is further required to judge whether the number of batteries applying for replacement (the purpose that the user puts one battery into the battery replacement cabinet is to replace the battery, which is also regarded as a battery replacement application) exceeds the battery replacement authority, and when the battery replacement authority is exceeded, the power utilization request operation is ended.

As an alternative manner of steps S205 and S206, a battery may be selected from the same group, and the battery changing cabinet is controlled to unlock for the user to take, and then the battery changing cabinet is controlled to receive the battery and determine whether an electrical signal generated by placing a battery in the battery changing cabinet is received; or, the user can put all the batteries to be replaced at one time, and the battery changing cabinet unlocks the batteries corresponding to the number of the received batteries at one time.

S207: when a battery application request of a user is received, the number of batteries applied for taking by the user and a battery replacement permission are obtained, wherein the battery replacement permission of the user comprises the maximum value of the number of the batteries which can be applied for taking by a user account.

S208: and judging whether the number of the batteries applied for use by the user exceeds the battery replacement permission. When the number of the batteries applied for use by the user does not exceed the battery replacement right, executing step S209; otherwise, other operations are executed, such as reminding the user that the battery replacement authority is insufficient.

S209: and selecting the batteries from the same group of items and controlling the battery replacement cabinet to unlock for the user to take.

When a user sends a battery application request, the number of batteries applied for use can be sent to the battery changing cabinet, and the battery changing cabinet unlocks a plurality of batteries at one time; or, each time the user sends a battery application request, the battery changing cabinet unlocks only a predetermined number (for example, one) of batteries, in this case, "the number of batteries used for the user application" carried by the user when applying for sending the battery application request should be "the sum of the number of batteries applied and the number of batteries that can be applied by the request" (for example, "the number of batteries applied + 1").

The foregoing steps S207 to S209 provide the battery management policy under the battery application operation, that is, as long as the number of batteries applied for use by the user does not exceed the battery replacement authority, the batteries are selected from the same group of items for the user to use. This is particularly true when the consumer is sold without a battery, requiring the consumer to rent the battery.

Alternatively, steps S216 and S217, and step S218 may be further performed after the above-described steps S208 to S209.

S210: when a battery temporary storage request of a user is received, acquiring the number of batteries which the user applies for temporary storage and a battery replacement permission, wherein the battery replacement permission of the user comprises the maximum value of the number of the batteries which can be temporarily stored in a user account.

S211: and judging whether the number of batteries temporarily stored by the user application exceeds the battery replacement permission.

S212: and when the number of the batteries temporarily stored by the user application does not exceed the battery replacement right, controlling the battery replacement cabinet to receive the batteries. And circularly executing the step until the power utilization request operation is finished.

When a user sends a temporary storage application request, the number of batteries which the user applies for temporary storage can be sent to the battery changing cabinet, and the battery changing cabinet receives a plurality of batteries at one time; or, each time the user sends a battery temporary storage request, the battery replacement cabinet receives only a predetermined number (for example, one) of batteries, in this case, "the number of batteries for temporary storage requested by the user" carried by the user when applying for sending the battery temporary storage request should be "the sum of the number of batteries already temporarily stored and the number of batteries that can be applied for temporary storage requested by the user" (for example, "the number of batteries already temporarily stored + 1").

The above steps S210 to S212 provide a battery management policy under the battery temporary storage operation, that is, as long as the number of batteries temporarily stored by the user does not exceed the battery replacement authority, the battery stored by the user can be received, and the stored battery will be charged in the battery replacement cabinet and shared by people. This is particularly suitable for a case where the user does not use the electric device for a long time due to a business trip or the like.

Optionally, the battery power consumption management data used by the user is monitored and recorded in real time (for example, a battery management system may be set in the combined adapter for monitoring and recording), and is synchronized to the user account, and after receiving a battery replacement or battery temporary storage request of the user, the power exchange cabinet or the background management system obtains the power consumption management data of the battery to be replaced or temporarily stored corresponding to the user account, so as to know the battery usage and the battery performance, and further assist in determining whether the battery is a retired battery.

Optionally, steps S216 and S217, and step S218 may be further performed after the above steps S210 to S212.

S213: when a battery return request of a user is received, whether a battery corresponding to a user account is in a temporary storage state or not is judged.

S214: when the batteries corresponding to the user accounts are in the temporary storage state, the battery replacement permission of the user accounts is increased according to the number of the temporarily stored batteries, and the number of the batteries in the temporary storage state in the user accounts is decreased.

For example, the current battery swapping authority of the user account is 30, another 10 batteries are in the temporary storage state, the user sends a battery return request carrying the number 5 of batteries to be returned (of course, the user may also return all the 10 batteries in the temporary storage state), the battery swapping authority is increased to 35, and the number of batteries in the temporary storage state in the user account is adjusted to 5 (that is, the 5 batteries are cancelled). If the batteries corresponding to the user account are temporarily stored, the battery replacement permission can be set to the maximum value.

The battery return operation may be performed by the user on the battery changing cabinet, or may be performed by a worker through a background management system at a fixed network point, that is, steps S213 and S214 may be performed by the battery changing cabinet, or may be performed by the background management system.

Optionally, in step S214, before the operation of "increasing the power swapping right of the user account according to the number of the temporarily stored batteries, and decreasing the number of the batteries in the temporarily stored state in the user account", it may be further determined whether a difference between a time when the battery return request of the user is received and a time when the battery is temporarily stored by the user is within a predetermined time range (for example, within one week), if the difference is within the predetermined time range, the operation of "increasing the power swapping right of the user account according to the number of the temporarily stored batteries, and decreasing the number of the batteries in the temporarily stored state in the user account" may be performed, otherwise, the account is locked, and a penalty such as a penalty is given. Through the method, the user can be reminded to update the account information in time.

Alternatively, steps S216 and S217, and step S218 may be further performed after the above-described steps S213 and S214.

S215: and when a battery recycling request of a user is received, controlling the power change cabinet to unlock a preset number of retired batteries for the user to collect.

The retired battery comprises a battery with poor performance which is removed in the execution process of the battery management method, and can also comprise a battery for which a 'retired battery' label is set (through a combined adapter, a power exchange cabinet or a background management system) when a user accesses the power exchange cabinet.

The "predetermined number of retired batteries" may be specified by a user, for example, a battery recycling request sent by the user carries the number of batteries that are desired to be recycled; or the system may be fixedly set, for example, each user can only recover 2 batteries on one battery changing cabinet, and the system may further adjust the set value according to the counted number of the retired batteries and the geographical location distribution.

Step S215 shows a manner in which the user can participate in battery management in the off-line electricity-exchanging cabinet by leisure, that is, the user can receive the retired battery in the electricity-exchanging cabinet and take it to a designated place to get a labor reward.

Optionally, steps S216 and S217, and step S218 may be further performed after step S215 described above.

It should be noted that, in the present application, the request sent by the user (for example, the battery replacement request, etc.) may be sent by a key on the battery replacement cabinet or a touch display screen; the APP can be sent to the background management system through the APP installed on the mobile terminal, or can be sent to the background management system directly through a worker at a fixed network point, and the method for sending the request by the user is not limited.

S216: and judging whether the accumulated time of the current power utilization request operation is greater than a preset time. When the accumulated operation time of the current power utilization request is longer than the preset time, executing the step S217; otherwise, returning to continue to execute the power utilization request operation.

S217: and sending error alarm information to the user and terminating the power utilization request operation.

The above steps S216 and S217 specify that the above battery replacement, battery application, battery temporary storage, battery return, and battery recycling operations should be completed within a predetermined time.

S218: and calculating the bill or the reward to be paid according to the battery taken by the user, and sending the bill or the reward to the user account.

For example, after a battery is issued to a user in a battery application or a battery replacement operation, the fee to be charged to the user can be calculated according to parameters such as the voltage or power of the battery during the issuing; after the battery of the user is received in the operations of battery replacement and battery temporary storage, the remuneration to be paid to the user can be calculated according to the parameters such as the voltage or the power of the battery during the receiving; in the battery refund operation, the charge (namely overtime charge) for temporarily storing the battery to be charged to the user can be calculated according to the time length that the time difference between the refund request initiated by the user and the battery temporary storage operation exceeds a preset time range; in the battery recycling operation, after the retired batteries received by the user are received at the appointed place, the remuneration to be paid to the user can be calculated according to the distance between the power exchange cabinet and the appointed place and the number of the recycled batteries.

Fig. 3 is a schematic block diagram of a battery replacement cabinet management apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention, which may be used to execute the battery replacement cabinet battery management method shown in fig. 2A to fig. 2B or any optional implementation manner thereof. As shown in fig. 3, the apparatus includes an acquisition unit 10, a grouping unit 20, and an unlocking unit 30.

The obtaining unit 10 is used for obtaining electrical parameters of a plurality of batteries in the power conversion cabinet, and the plurality of batteries are in a uniform specification. The grouping unit 20 is used to group the plurality of batteries into at least two groups, wherein the electrical parameters and/or charging curves of the batteries in the same group are similar. The unlocking unit 30 is used for selecting batteries from the same group and controlling the battery changing cabinet to unlock for the user to take in each single power utilization request operation. And the acquisition unit 10, the grouping unit 20, and the unlocking unit 30 perform the respective steps described above before controlling to unlock the battery.

Optionally, the grouping unit 20 includes a cluster grouping subunit and a statistical grouping subunit.

The clustering and grouping subunit is used for naturally classifying the batteries with similar electrical parameters by using a clustering method, and aggregating the batteries into at least two groups according to a data center screened out naturally; and/or the statistical grouping subunit is used for taking the electrical parameter-time curve in the constant-current charging process of the battery as a classification object, and classifying the curve characteristics into groups by using a statistical algorithm so as to divide the battery into at least two groups.

An embodiment of the present invention further provides a battery replacement management system, as shown in fig. 4, where the system includes processors of multiple battery replacement cabinets and a background management system, and the background management system is in communication connection with the processor of each battery replacement cabinet, where the processors of the multiple battery replacement cabinets and/or the background management system execute any one of the battery management methods shown in fig. 2A or fig. 2B.

When the battery swapping cabinet executes any one of the battery management methods shown in fig. 2A or fig. 2B, only the electrical parameters of the batteries in the battery swapping cabinet are obtained, and the batteries in the battery swapping cabinet are divided into at least two groups, and in each single power utilization request operation process, the battery swapping cabinet allocates the batteries to the user (i.e., selects and controls the unlocking of the battery swapping cabinet for the user to take) only comes from the battery swapping cabinet.

It should be noted that the background management system executes any one of the battery management methods shown in fig. 2A or fig. 2B, but when the result is displayed on a certain power conversion cabinet, the power conversion cabinet is only used as a display device, and the background management system does not belong to the case where the power conversion cabinet executes the battery management method.

The method comprises the steps that the electrical parameters of batteries in a plurality of power change cabinets in a plurality of geographic positions are determined, the batteries in the plurality of power change cabinets are divided into at least two groups, the electrical parameters and/or charging curves of the batteries in the same group are similar, and in the single power utilization request operation process, the batteries distributed to a user by a background management system (namely, the power change cabinets are selected and controlled to be unlocked for the user to take) can be located in the plurality of power change cabinets in the plurality of geographic positions or in one power change cabinet, and the determination can be carried out according to the requirements of the user.

The background management system can also be used for entering user information and battery swapping permissions, where the user information may include a user name, a contact manner (e.g., a mobile phone number, or a social account number such as a micro signal), a bound financial account (e.g., a payment bank or a micro communication account, a bank card, a credit card, or a credit account), an electronic mailbox for receiving a bill, the number of the electric devices, a rated voltage and a rated power of each electric device, and the like, and the battery swapping permissions may include a number value permission of a battery used in a single battery swapping, a maximum value of a battery number that a user account can apply for taking, a maximum value of a battery number that the user account can temporarily store, and may also include a maximum value of a battery number that the user account can replace, a maximum value of a battery number that the user account can. More simply, the battery replacement authority can be the maximum number of batteries that a user can hold, the battery replacement authority is reduced by 1 when 1 battery is applied, the battery replacement authority is unchanged when 1 battery is replaced, and the battery replacement authority is increased by 1 when 1 battery is temporarily stored.

Optionally, after the user enters the information and the battery replacement authority, the combined adapter matched with the size specification of the electric equipment can be obtained. The BMS battery management system can be configured on the combined adapter, and the power utilization management data of the battery in the combined adapter can be collected. The combined adapter can also send the electricity utilization management data to the electricity exchange cabinet or the background management system in a wireless transmission mode.

The background management system can also acquire the geographic positions of the multiple power exchange cabinets, and when a user inquires the power exchange cabinets through a certain power exchange cabinet or a mobile terminal, the background management system receives a power exchange cabinet inquiry request of the user and pushes the geographic positions and related information of all the power exchange cabinets closest to and/or nearby to the user. When a user queries the switch cabinet by using a mobile device (such as a mobile phone) with a navigation function, a navigation service can be provided for the user on the mobile terminal.

Optionally, as shown in fig. 5, regarding the battery recycling operation, the background management system further performs the following operations:

step S219: and monitoring the geographical position of the battery replacement cabinet where the retired battery is located in real time.

Step S220: when a battery recycling request of a user is received, pushing all geographical positions of the battery replacing cabinets which are closest to the user and/or nearby and store the retired batteries to the user.

Step S221: and judging whether the unlocked retired battery is received by the battery swapping system within a preset time period after the battery swapping system is unlocked. When the unlocked retired battery is not received within the predetermined time period, performing step S222; otherwise, other operations are performed.

Step S222: the user account for collecting the retired battery is locked.

The retired battery in the power exchange cabinet is monitored in real time through the steps S219 and S220 and pushed to the user, so that the user can conveniently find the retired battery, and the efficiency is improved. The timekeeping is started after the retired battery is unlocked through the steps S221 and S222, and in a preset time period when the battery swapping system is unlocked, if the battery swapping system does not receive the retired battery, the user account which is finally charged by the retired battery is locked, so that the user is subjected to punishment, and the user is urged to return the retired battery to the battery swapping system in time.

The embodiment of the invention provides an implementation mode of a power conversion cabinet 3, which comprises a cabinet body 31, a plurality of battery placing positions, a plurality of locking and unlocking mechanisms and a processor;

as shown in fig. 6-1, 6-2, and 6-3, a plurality of battery inlets and outlets 32 are provided on the front side wall of the cabinet body 31, each battery inlet and outlet 32 corresponds to one mounting cavity, and each mounting cavity serves as a battery placing position for placing the battery 1. For example, as shown in fig. 6-1, a plurality of battery inlets and outlets 32 are distributed in an array on the front side wall of the cabinet 31, and correspondingly, the mounting cavities are distributed in an array. Of course, besides the arrangement of the plurality of cell inlets and outlets 32 illustrated in fig. 6-1, other arrangement may be adopted, for example, an S-shaped arrangement or a V-shaped arrangement, and the specific arrangement is not limited and depends on actual requirements.

As shown in fig. 12, a plurality of locking and unlocking mechanisms are arranged on the cabinet body 31, each mounting cavity corresponds to at least one locking and unlocking mechanism, and the processor executes the battery management method for the battery replacement cabinet and outputs a control signal to control the locking and unlocking mechanisms to switch between the locking state and the unlocking state.

For example, the locking and unlocking mechanism is an electronic lock, the electronic lock is controlled by the control signal of the processor to lock or unlock the electronic lock, when the electronic lock is in the locked state, the electronic lock locks the battery 1 corresponding to the electronic lock in the installation cavity, a user cannot take away the battery 1 in the locked state through the battery access 32, the battery 1 is kept in the installation cavity, and at this time, the battery 1 can be in a charging state or a charged state.

Only when a user with authority sends a signal for requesting to take away the battery 1 to the processor, the processor outputs an unlocking control signal, the electronic lock executes an unlocking signal, the electronic lock is unlocked to be switched from a locking state to an unlocking state, the locking effect on the battery 1 is removed, at the moment, the user can take away the single battery 1 in the unlocking state at the battery access 32, and a vacancy is formed in the installation cavity; and replacing the single new battery 1 taken out with the single old battery 1 in the electric equipment, directly placing the single old battery 1 after replacement into the mounting cavity of the vacancy, and locking the single old battery 1 by the electronic lock according to the control signal so as to complete the replacement of the single battery 1. By analogy, the single old battery 1 in the electric equipment is gradually replaced, and the replacement of the single battery 1 in the embodiment is manually operated by a user, namely the user manually puts the single battery 1 into the installation cavity or takes the single battery 1 out of the installation cavity.

Generally, when a single battery 1 is placed in the installation cavity, the single battery 1 needs to be charged, a power supply is correspondingly arranged in the battery replacing cabinet 3, the power supply is electrically connected with each installation cavity, a charging interface is arranged in each installation cavity, and the single battery 1 is electrically connected with the charging interface in the installation cavity so as to charge the battery 1.

For example, as shown in fig. 11, a plurality of partition plates are arranged on the inner wall surface of the rear side cover plate of the battery changing cabinet 3, a power supply 4 is arranged on each partition plate, and the power supply is electrically connected with a charging interface in the mounting cavity on the front side wall of the battery changing cabinet 3, so as to charge the single battery 1 in each mounting cavity.

The power conversion cabinet 3 further includes a detection device, as shown in fig. 11, which includes a battery internal resistance detection mechanism 341, a battery capacity detection mechanism 343, and a battery voltage detection mechanism 342. The output end of the battery internal resistance detection mechanism 341 is connected to the input end of the processor, and is used for detecting the internal resistance of the battery 1. The output end of the battery capacity detection mechanism 343 is connected to the input end of the processor, and is used for detecting the capacity of the battery 1; the output end of the voltage detection mechanism is connected with the input end of the processor and used for detecting the voltage of the battery 1.

For example, in fig. 11 or 16, a plurality of mounting cavities are provided at the rear side of the bottom in the battery replacement cabinet 3, and the battery internal resistance detection means 341, the battery capacity detection means 343, and the battery voltage detection means 342 are provided in one mounting cavity, respectively. After the rear side cover plate of the power conversion cabinet 3 is opened, the battery internal resistance detection mechanism 341, the battery capacity detection mechanism 343 and the battery voltage detection mechanism 342 are conveniently assembled in the power conversion cabinet 3. The detection means may also include only the battery internal resistance detection mechanism 341.

In this embodiment, a second embodiment of the power exchanging cabinet 3 is further provided, as shown in fig. 15-1, 15-2 and 15-3, a battery access 32 is provided on the front side surface of the cabinet body 31 of the power exchanging cabinet 3, a plurality of charging seats 33 are provided in the cabinet body 31, and each charging seat 33 serves as a battery placing position; the locking and unlocking mechanism locks the single battery 1 on the charging seat 33 in a locking state; and unlocking the single battery 1 on the charging stand 33.

Any one of the charging seats 33 can be aligned with the battery access opening 32, and specifically, as shown in fig. 17, the interior of the cabinet body 31 of the battery changing cabinet 3 further includes at least two chain wheels 3522, an endless chain 3521 and a driving mechanism. Wherein a plurality of sprockets 3522 are rotatably disposed within the cabinet 31.

For example, in fig. 17, a plurality of sprockets 3522 are arranged in parallel, and an endless chain 3521 is wound around each sprocket 3522 in an "S" shape to form a closed loop; all the charging seats 33 are sequentially and fixedly arranged on the outer wall surface of the chain; the driving mechanism is connected to at least one chain wheel 3522, and the driving mechanism drives the chain wheel 3522 to rotate so as to drive the endless chain 3521 to move in a linkage manner, so that any charging seat 33 fixed on the outer wall surface of the endless chain 3521 can be aligned with the battery access 32. The driving mechanism can be a rotating motor, and an output shaft of the rotating motor is fixedly inserted into an inner hole of one chain wheel 3522.

Fixing a plurality of charging seats 33 on a chain, when the battery 1 on one charging seat 33 needs to be taken out or the old battery 1 is placed on the charging seat 33 with a vacant position, only a driving mechanism needs to drive the chain to rotate, so that the corresponding charging seat 33 is aligned with the battery access 32 on the cabinet body 31, and at the moment, a user can take a single new battery 1 on the charging seat 33 at the battery access 32 and replace the single old battery 1 in the combined adapter 2 of the electric equipment with the single new battery 1; and then the replaced single old battery 1 is inserted into the charging seat 33 of the vacant position through the battery inlet and outlet 32, so that the semi-automatic replacement of the single battery 1 is realized.

The processor of the power changing cabinet can also record the charging seat of the vacancy. When the power exchange cabinet is controlled to receive the battery, the processor controls the driving mechanism to act so that the vacancy charging seat on the outer wall surface of the annular chain (3521) is aligned with the battery access (32); when the switch cabinet is controlled to unlock the battery, the processor controls the action of the driving mechanism to enable the unlocked battery to be aligned with the battery access opening (32).

In this embodiment, the charging socket 33 may be provided with a charging interface, the single battery 1 is directly plugged into the charging socket on the charging socket 33, and each charging socket 33 is electrically connected to the power supply provided in the cabinet body 31, so as to charge the battery 1 electrically connected to the charging socket 33.

In the embodiment of fixing a plurality of charging seats 33 on the chain, there are various ways of electrically connecting the power source to all the charging seats 33, for example, the first way is illustrated in fig. 17, the cabinet 31 further includes a cable rotary distributor 3525 rotatably disposed inside the cabinet 31; the cable distributor 3525 is provided with a plurality of elastic wires distributed at intervals, for example, the cable distributor 3525 is a circular disk, the elastic wires are uniformly distributed on the circular disk along the circumferential direction, the leading-out ends of the elastic wires are electrically connected with the charging seats 33 in a one-to-one correspondence manner, and the cable distributor 3525 is connected with a power supply.

During the movement of the chain, the elastic wires on the cable rotary distributor 3525 can be deformed to stretch the length of the elastic wires or reset to shorten the length of the elastic wires so as to adapt to the movement distance of the chain; optimally, the distance between the elastic wires and the corresponding charging seats 33 is shortened by the forward or reverse rotation of the cable rotating distributor 3525 during the movement of the chain, and the adjacent elastic wires are not twisted together as much as possible while the elastic wires are electrically connected with the charging seats 33, thereby realizing the charging of the single battery 1 on each charging seat 33.

For the elastic wire, the elastic wire is a cable distributed in a spiral shape, or a cable or a wire in other arrangement directions.

The cable distributor 3525 may be electrically connected to the charging stations 33 by elastic wires, or may be electrically connected thereto in another manner. For example, a plurality of brushes distributed along the moving path of the endless chain 3521 are disposed on a surface of the cable distributor 3525 facing the charging seat 33; when any one of the charging bases 33 moves along with the chain, the charging base is in sliding electrical connection with the electric brush, and compared with the connection mode of adopting an elastic electric wire, the electric brush and the charging base 33 form sliding electrical connection, and the phenomenon of winding of the electric wire cannot occur.

For the structure of the charging seat 33, the charging seat 33 includes the first base 331, the charging interface is disposed on the first base 331, the charging interface can be disposed on the sidewall of the first base 331, or disposed on another wall of the first base 331, and the single battery 1 is only required to be inserted into the charging interface, so that the charging seat 33 can be mounted and fixed. At this time, the first housing 331 may be a plate or a box.

Further, as shown in fig. 18-1 and 18-2, the first base 331 has a placing cavity with one end being a pick-and-place opening, and the placing cavity is used as a battery placing position; the charging stand 33 further includes a cover 332, and a sidewall of the cover 332 is rotatably disposed on the pick-and-place opening; the locking and unlocking mechanism is arranged on at least one of the first base 331 and the cover 332, and in a locking state, the locking and unlocking mechanism is used for locking the cover 332 on the first base 331 so as to cover the cover 332 on the pick-and-place opening, thereby locking the single battery 1 on the charging seat 33; in the unlocked state, the other sidewall of the cover 332 is opened from the access opening, and the single battery 1 in the charging stand 33 can be taken out through the access opening of the cover 332.

In an unlocked state, in order to automatically take out a single battery 1 in the charging seat 33 and replace the taken-out single new battery 1 with a single old battery 1 of the electric equipment at the battery access 32, as shown in fig. 18-1 and 18-2, the endless chain 3521 moves along a second direction where a connecting line of centers of at least two chain wheels is located, and the cabinet body 31 is further internally provided with a moving and separating mechanism 3523 and a separating and inserting power slide rail 3524; the movable transplanting mechanism 3523 extends and retracts along a first direction, the movable transplanting mechanism 3523 is slidably disposed on the transplanting power slide rail 3524, the sliding direction of the movable transplanting mechanism is perpendicular to the first direction, and the transplanting power slide rail 3524 correspondingly extends along the sliding direction.

The first direction and the sliding direction are located on the same plane, the second direction is perpendicular to the plane, for example, the second direction is a Z-axis direction, the first direction is a Y-axis direction, and the sliding direction is an X-axis direction; therefore, the charging seats are driven by the annular chain to move in the Z-axis direction, the movable transplanting mechanism 3523 moves in the X-axis direction, the Y-axis direction and the direction, and under the cooperation of the charging seats, the charging seats and the moving transplanting mechanism 3523, the charging seats 33 and the battery access 32 can be switched to grab the battery.

Of course, the second direction may also be an X-axis direction, and correspondingly, the first direction is a Y-axis direction, and the sliding direction is a Z-axis direction; or, the second direction is a Y-axis direction, correspondingly, the first direction is a Z-axis direction, and the sliding direction is an X-axis direction, and only one of the first direction, the second direction, and the sliding direction needs to be the X-axis direction, one needs to be the Y-axis direction, and the other needs to be the Z-axis direction. For convenience of description, the second direction is a Z-axis direction, the first direction is a Y-axis direction, and the sliding direction is an X-axis direction.

When the mobile separating and inserting mechanism 3523 makes telescopic motion at the charging seat 33, the single battery 1 is taken out or inserted into the charging seat 33; when performing the telescopic movement at the battery access 32, for taking out or inserting the single battery 1 into the battery assembly case of the combination adapter 2 placed at the battery access 32, thereby achieving the automatic replacement of the single battery 1.

Preferably, as shown in fig. 18-1, the mobile separating and inserting mechanism 3523 comprises an air cylinder 35231 and a clamping jaw 35232, wherein the clamping jaw 35232 is fixed on a telescopic shaft of the air cylinder 35231, the air cylinder 35231 is slidably arranged on the separating and inserting power slide rail 3524, and the air cylinder 35231 moves in a telescopic manner on the Y axis to drive the clamping jaw 35232 to move in a telescopic manner on the Y axis to grab the battery. Or the mobile transplanting mechanism 3523 is a manipulator.

For the endless chain 3521, the endless chain 3521 may have a structure as shown in fig. 17, and the endless chain 3521 is a single chain, wound around a plurality of sprockets 3522 in an "S" shape, and running in a plane; the structure shown in fig. 18-1 and 18-3 may also be adopted, where the plurality of endless chains 3521 are provided, the plurality of endless chains 3521 extend along the second direction and are distributed side by side in the sliding direction, each endless chain 3521 is arranged on one driving sprocket 3522 and one driven sprocket 3522 in a closed surrounding manner, the driving sprockets 3522 of all the endless chains 3521 are sleeved and fixed on the same driving rotating shaft, the driven sprockets 3522 of all the endless chains 3521 are sleeved and fixed on the same driven rotating shaft, the driving rotating shaft is connected with the driving mechanism, when the driving mechanism drives the driving rotating shaft to rotate, thereby synchronously driving all chains to move vertically and driving the charging seat 33 on the same height on the chains to synchronously move up and down, for moving the separating and inserting mechanism 3523 to take or put in a single old battery 1 or a single new battery 1 in the charging seat 33 located at the same height one by one.

The specific process of replacing a single battery 1 is illustrated by way of example in fig. 18-3: when the single battery 1 on the five charging seats 33 at the same height on the five annular chains 3521 needs to be taken out, the annular chains 3521 synchronously move upwards or downwards until the height of the taking and placing opening of the charging seats 33 is adapted to the height of the clamping jaws 35232; unlocking the cover 332 of a single new battery 1 to be taken out; the cylinder 35231 slides on the power slide rail 3524 to make the clamping jaw 35232 on the cylinder 35231 align with the pick-and-place opening of the charging seat 33 in the open state, the clamping jaw 35232 makes telescopic movement to pick up the single new battery 1 in the charging seat 33; then the air cylinder 35231 slides on the power slide 3524, and the single new battery 1 is transported to the battery access 32 and inserted into the battery pack box 21 placed in the combination adapter 2 of the battery access 32; instead, the single used battery 1 in the battery pack box 21 is taken out and transferred to the placing chamber of the charging stand 33 in the vacant position.

As shown in fig. 18-3, the cable distributor 3525 is disposed in an inner cavity defined by a plurality of endless chains 3521 to electrically connect the power source to the charging base 33. Similarly, the battery internal resistance detection mechanism 341, the battery voltage detection mechanism 342, and the battery capacity detection mechanism 343 are disposed in the cabinet 31 below the power slide rail 3524.

As for the battery replacement cabinets 3 shown in fig. 15-1 and 18-1, the cabinet body 31 of each battery replacement cabinet 3 is provided with one battery access 32, and as a modified embodiment, the cabinet body 31 may also be provided with a plurality of battery accesses 32, for example, two, three, four, five or more battery accesses 32. For example, in the battery replacement cabinet 3 shown in fig. 18-1, a plurality of battery inlets and outlets 32 may be disposed at the same height, and one battery inlet and outlet 32 corresponds to the charging seat 33 on one chain; or the battery replacing cabinet 3 shown in fig. 15-1 can be provided with a plurality of battery access ports 32 at different heights for the charging bases 33 at different heights on the chain to align in the vertical moving process, so that the single battery 1 can be taken and placed more efficiently.

As a variant, in the plurality of endless chains 3521 shown in fig. 18-3, each endless chain may be driven by a single driving mechanism to move vertically, a certain distance is reserved between two adjacent chains to facilitate installation of the driving mechanism, each endless chain 3521 is driven by the corresponding driving mechanism to move up and down independently, and thus, it is convenient to pick and place batteries on charging seats at different heights on different endless chains.

As a modified embodiment, as in the battery changing cabinet 3 shown in fig. 6-1, the charging stands 33 shown in fig. 17 or fig. 18-1 may be provided in the placing cavity in the battery changing cabinet 3 shown in fig. 6-1 in a one-to-one correspondence, so as to place the battery 1.

In addition, as shown in fig. 6-3, 15-1, and 15-3, a man-machine exchanger 311, a monitoring camera 312, a radio frequency sensor 313, an advertisement screen 314, and an indicator 36 may be further disposed on a front side surface of the cabinet body 31 of the battery changing cabinet 3. The man-machine switch 311 may be a key or a touch screen, so that a user can send an operation signal or a request to the processor, the man-machine switch 311 may also be a display screen, a dynamic identification code is displayed on the display screen, and when the user end device can send an operation instruction or a request to the processor by scanning the identification code; the monitoring camera 312 is convenient for monitoring the environment of the power exchange cabinet 3, and the advertisement screen 314 is used for displaying some information for announcing or informing the user; the indicator is used for indicating whether the battery at the corresponding position is in a locked state or an unlocked accessible state.

The embodiment of the present invention further provides an assembly adapter 2, as shown in fig. 6 to 4, which is suitable for the battery changing cabinet 3 in any one of the above embodiments, and includes a battery packing box 21, where the battery packing box 21 includes a cavity with at least one side being open, the cavity is used for distributing at least one battery 1, and two ends of the battery 1 after being electrically connected in a predetermined manner are respectively electrically connected with a first interface 211 arranged on an outer surface of the cavity. When installed in a consumer, the modular adapter 2 supplies power to the consumer.

As for the battery pack case 21, one battery 1, or two batteries 1, or three or more batteries 1 may be mounted in the battery pack case 21. When there are a plurality of batteries 1, the electrical connection manner of the plurality of batteries 1 in the battery pack box 21 may be series connection, parallel connection, or series-parallel connection, and the specific arrangement manner is determined according to the requirement of the electric equipment.

For example, as shown in fig. 13-1, 13-2, or 13-3, two batteries 1 are provided, two batteries 1 are distributed side by side and connected in series in the battery pack box 21, the outer wall surface of the battery pack box 21 is provided with a first interface 211, and two ends of the two batteries 1 connected in series are electrically connected to the first interface 211. Similarly, when there are a plurality of batteries 1, both ends of the plurality of batteries 1 connected in series, parallel, or series-parallel are electrically connected to one first interface 211.

The battery pack case 21 may be configured as a frame as shown in fig. 8, in which a plurality of batteries 1 are stacked and arranged side by side, and a circuit is provided to electrically connect the plurality of batteries 1 in a predetermined manner. The predetermined mode of electrical connection comprises series connection, parallel connection, series-parallel connection or only a single battery in the circuit.

Alternatively, the battery pack may also be a cavity with at least one side opening as shown in fig. 6-4 or fig. 9, the cavity is used for placing at least one battery, and a circuit is arranged on the side wall of the cavity for electrically connecting the batteries in the cavity in a predetermined manner. And, the cavity surface is provided with the first interface 211 that is suitable for the grafting, and first interface 211 has at least two conductor connectors of mutual insulation, and the circuit both ends after at least one battery connects with at least two conductor connectors of first interface 211 respectively with predetermined mode. For example, the battery is provided with a quick interface, and the battery is electrically connected in a predetermined manner through the quick interface.

As shown in fig. 6-4, 9 and 13-1, the combined adapter 2 further includes a parallel seat 22, and the parallel seat 22 includes a second seat body, at least one second interface 221 and a third interface 222. The second interface 221 and the third interface 222 are both disposed on the second base, are suitable for plugging, and both have at least two mutually insulated conductor connectors. The difference between the two is that the second interface 221 is matched with each first interface 211, and when the two are inserted, the conductor connectors are respectively and electrically connected; and the third interface 222 is used to connect the powered device. The second base is provided with a circuit, so that the third interface 222 is electrically connected to the conductor connector of each second interface 221. For example, 3 second interfaces 221 are respectively connected to 3 strings of batteries, so that the 3 strings of batteries can be simultaneously connected when the electric equipment is connected to the third interface 222, thereby increasing the power supply.

For the second seat, the second seat may be a plate structure, a box structure, or any other shape structure, and the shape is not limited.

As shown in fig. 13-1, 13-2 and 13-3, the first interface 211 on the bottom of one battery pack box 21 is electrically connected with the second interface 221 on the top of the parallel seat 22 in a vertical plugging manner, each second interface 221 in the interior of the parallel seat 22 is electrically connected with the third interface 222, and the third interface 222 is electrically connected with the electric equipment, so that the battery 1 in the battery pack box 21 supplies power to the electric equipment. Alternatively, as shown in fig. 14 a, b, and c, two batteries 1, three batteries 1, and four batteries 1 are respectively contained in one battery pack case 21, and the first ports 211 on the bottom of the battery pack case 21 are electrically connected to the second ports 221 of one parallel socket 22.

Alternatively, as shown in fig. 15 to 4, six batteries 1 are provided in one battery pack case 21; alternatively, as shown in f in fig. 14, the single battery 1 serves as a battery pack 21, and the fast interface 11 of the single battery 1 is electrically connected with the second interface 221 of the parallel socket 22 directly through a wire.

When the number of the battery packs 21 is at least two, the number of the second ports 221 on the parallel connection base 22 is at least two, and when the at least two battery packs 21 are connected by the parallel connection base 22, the at least two battery packs 21 are connected in parallel.

As shown in fig. 9, there are two battery packs 21, each battery pack 21 houses one battery 1, the two battery packs 21 are connected in parallel, and the first interface 211 on each battery pack 21 is electrically connected to one second interface 221 on the parallel connection base 22.

When there are a plurality of battery packs 21, the plurality of battery packs 21 can be connected in series, in parallel, or in series-parallel, and finally form a total power supply output end through the parallel connection seat 22 to be electrically connected with the electric equipment.

For example, as shown in fig. 10-1, two batteries 1 are loaded in a battery pack box 21, the two batteries 1 are connected in series in the battery pack box, and a parallel seat 22 (not shown) is arranged in the battery pack box 21, as shown in fig. 10-2, a plurality of battery pack boxes 21 are vertically stacked, and the output ends of the parallel seats 22 of the plurality of battery pack boxes 21 are finally connected in parallel to form a final total output end to be electrically connected with electric equipment.

Alternatively, as shown in d and e in fig. 14, two battery packs 21 and four battery packs 21 are respectively included, and each battery pack 21 of d houses five batteries 1, and the five batteries 1 are connected in series in the battery pack 21; in f, six batteries 1 are contained in each battery pack box 21, the six batteries 1 are connected in series in the battery pack box 21, the first interface 211 at the bottom of each battery pack box 21 is vertically plugged into the second interface 221 on the top of one parallel seat 22, all the parallel seats 22 are connected in parallel, and the total output end of the parallel seats is connected with electric equipment, for example, the total conveying end is a socket or a plug board.

The above embodiments are only examples of the part of the battery assembled box in which the battery is installed, in practice, N batteries may be installed in the battery assembled box, where N is a natural number greater than or equal to 1, the N batteries are electrically connected in the battery assembled box in a predetermined manner, and the specific number of the batteries is not limited, and is determined according to actual requirements.

In fig. 14, the voltage of each of the individual batteries 1 in different cases is 12V, the output voltage of the combination adapter 2 in f is 12V, the output voltage of the combination adapter 2 in a is 24V, the output voltage of the combination adapter 2 in b is 36V, the output voltage of the combination adapter 2 in c is 48V, and the output voltage of the combination adapter 2 in d is 72V, which is the output voltage 60V, e of the combination adapter 2.

In addition, in one battery pack box 21, if all the batteries 1 are connected in series, the battery pack box 21 is a series box; if all the batteries 1 are connected in parallel, the battery pack box 21 is a parallel box; if all the batteries 1 are connected in series and in parallel, the battery pack 21 is a series-parallel pack.

Preferably, the outer shape of the battery pack case 21 is identical to that of the battery 1, facilitating the arrangement of the battery 1 within the battery pack case 21. For example, in fig. 13-1, the battery pack case 21 is a rectangular parallelepiped case, and correspondingly, the battery 1 housed in the battery pack case 21 is a rectangular parallelepiped; as another example, in fig. 13-2, the battery pack case 21 is a square case in which the battery 1 is housed in a square shape; alternatively, as shown in fig. 13 to 3, the battery pack case 21 is a cylindrical case in which the battery 1 is contained in a cylindrical shape. In addition, as shown in fig. 7, each battery 1 is provided with a quick connector 11 to facilitate quick electrical connection between the batteries 1.

Preferably, to facilitate the transfer of the battery pack 21, as shown in fig. 8, 13-1, 13-2 and 13-3, a handle is provided on the top of the battery pack 21 to facilitate the extraction of the entire battery pack 21 by the handle.

The embodiment of the invention also provides a battery replacement system, which comprises a battery replacement cabinet 3 shown in fig. 6-1 or fig. 15-1, or fig. 18-1, or other modified embodiments described above, a plurality of batteries 1 placed in the battery replacement cabinet 3 for shared use by users, and a battery replacement management system shown in fig. 4.

The battery 1 can be in electrical connection with the charging interface of the battery changing cabinet 3 in a switching manner, and the battery 1 is in a charging or fully charging state when being electrically connected with the charging interface of the battery changing cabinet 3; the battery 1 is placed in a combined adapter and the combined adapter is connected with a power utilization device to be in a state of supplying power to the power utilization device.

The battery that trades the electric system and adopt is unified specification and is unified size creatively proposed in this application. However, as described above, the current electric devices in the market have different power consumption specifications, and the battery in the power change cabinet must match the existing electric devices in the market, so that the selection of the battery specification adopted by the power change system becomes an important difficulty, which is the key for the scale development of the power change system. In this regard, the inventors have also conducted studies as follows:

in terms of battery voltage, the inventor researches and discovers that the voltages of electric equipment on the market at present comprise 12V, 24V, 36V, 48V, 60V and 72V, and the single battery voltage approved by national standard (GB/T17938 and 1999) comprises 3V, 6V, 12V, 24V and 36V, and the inventor respectively establishes a scheme for connecting different numbers of the batteries in series, as shown in the following table one. The scheme I is a scheme with the voltage of a single battery being 3V, the scheme II is a scheme with the voltage of a single battery being 6V, and the rest schemes are analogized according to the second row of the table. As can be seen from the column in table one, it is only possible to cover all the cell voltage specifications on the market (i.e. case two and case three) by way of cell series only when the individual cell voltages are 6V and 12V. Further study on the second and third solutions revealed that when the voltage of a single battery is 12V, the serial connection of only 6 batteries at most can cover all the battery voltage specifications on the market (i.e. the third solution), and the smaller number of batteries connected in series means the minimum number of intermediate lines and parts of the battery pack under the same battery performance, i.e. the minimum volume of the battery pack or the pack adapter. Therefore, the nominal voltage of the battery in the battery replacement system is preferably 12V.

TABLE-Battery Voltage (V) for Single Battery with different Voltage

In terms of battery voltage, the inventor researches and discovers that a string of batteries of electric equipment on the market at present comprises 5A · h to 20A · h, the electric equipment with the specifications can be used in the battery replacement system provided by the application, and the following table two shows the whole capacity of the battery pack when a single string of battery packs adopts different capacities. The inventor establishes a statistical model of the capacity endurance condition of the battery pack of the electric equipment, integrates a mode of a battery replacement system, and further estimates and finds that the overall capacity of the battery pack is 50 A.h, which can meet daily requirements and the frequency of battery replacement is low. From table two below, it can be seen that schemes three through six are possible. However, the larger the capacity of the single-string battery pack is, the larger the overall volume of the battery pack is, and the replacement cost is high, and the simulation shows that the capacity of the single-string battery pack in the battery replacement system is preferably 10 to 15 A.h.

The battery pack with different capacity is used for the battery pack with two batteries and one battery string (A.h)

Battery combination mode	Scheme one	Scheme two	Scheme three	Scheme four	Scheme five	Scheme six
							1 series battery pack	5	8	10	12	15	20
2 series of battery packs connected in parallel	10	16	20	24	30	40
							Parallel connection of 3 series batteries	15	24	30	36	45	60
Parallel connection of 4 series batteries	20	32	40	48	60	80
							5 series battery parallel	25	40	50	60	75	100

Next, taking the capacity of a single battery as 12A · h as an example (when a string of batteries includes only one battery, the capacity of the single string of batteries is 12A · h), the voltage and the output mode of the single battery are further studied.

Table three below shows the performance of the corresponding electrical device after the combination of cells with nominal voltage of 12V for a single cell (wherein "string 5 and 2" means that 5 cells are connected in series by cell assembly box, and two such cell assembly boxes are connected in parallel by parallel seat, and so on). As can be seen from the second column of the table (i.e., dc voltage/motor power of the example of the electric device), a single battery with a nominal value of 12V/12A · h can satisfy the voltage of most electric devices on the market at present, and can satisfy the driving power of most electric devices on the market at present, and the theoretical power consumption time of the electric devices is reasonable.

Watch III

The following table four shows the performance of the corresponding electric device after the combination of the batteries with the nominal voltage of 24V of the single battery. As can be seen from the blank cells in the table, it is difficult for a single battery with a nominal value of 24V/12 A.h to satisfy powered device instances B, D and G.

Watch four

The inventors have noted that in the experimental examples shown in tables one to four above, a single cell has two output terminals, a positive electrode and a negative electrode, which are used in a conventional series connection manner.

In order to solve the problem that part of the electric equipment examples are difficult to satisfy in the table four, the inventor improves the output and the use mode of the battery. Specifically, for a battery with a nominal voltage of 24V, two sets of charge and discharge channels are provided, wherein one set is output at the nominal voltage and the rated capacity of the battery, and the other set is output at the nominal voltage of one half of the battery and one to two times of the rated capacity of the battery, and the improved battery is referred to as a multi-output battery. Since a single battery is composed of smaller battery units connected in series and in parallel, a plurality of terminals can be led out from appropriate positions of an internal circuit of the single battery by those skilled in the art to realize the arrangement, and the description is omitted here.

Table five below shows the performance of the corresponding electric device after the above-mentioned multi-output battery combination is adopted (wherein "string 3(2+ 0.5)" represents that 3 batteries are connected in series, wherein 2 batteries output at nominal voltage and rated capacity, and the other 1 battery outputs at nominal voltage of one half of the battery and one to two times of the rated capacity, and the similar expressions are analogized). As can be seen from the second column of the table (i.e., dc voltage/motor power of the electrical device example), even a single battery with a nominal value of 24V/12A · h can satisfy the voltage of most of the electrical devices on the market at present by connecting in series or in parallel, and can satisfy the driving power of most of the electrical devices on the market at present, and the theoretical power consumption time of the electrical devices is reasonable. Furthermore, comparing table three and table five, it can be seen that the batteries used in the experimental examples shown in table five are fewer when the power consumption requirements of the same power consumption equipment are met.

Watch five

Optionally, the combined adapter is provided with a BMS battery management system, and the BMS battery management system transmits power utilization management data of the batteries inside the combined adapter to the power exchange cabinet and/or the background management system.

Although the embodiments of the present invention have been described in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, those skilled in the art may make various modifications and variations without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention, and such modifications and variations fall within the scope defined by the appended claims.

Claims

1. A battery management method for a battery replacement cabinet is characterized in that the following steps are executed before the battery is controlled to be unlocked:

acquiring electrical parameters of a plurality of batteries in the power exchange cabinet, wherein the batteries are in a uniform specification;

dividing the plurality of batteries into at least two groups, wherein the electrical parameters and/or charging curves of the batteries in the same group are similar;

in each single power utilization request operation, the batteries are selected from the same group of items and the battery replacement cabinet is controlled to be unlocked for the user to take.

2. The battery replacement cabinet battery management method according to claim 1, wherein the step of dividing the plurality of batteries into at least two groups, wherein the step of approximating the electrical parameters and/or the battery charging curves of the batteries in the same group comprises:

naturally classifying the batteries with similar electrical parameters by using a clustering method, and aggregating the batteries into at least two groups according to a data center screened out naturally; and/or the presence of a gas in the gas,

the method comprises the steps of taking an electrical parameter-time curve in the constant-current charging process of the battery as a classification object, and classifying curve characteristics by using a statistical algorithm so as to divide the battery into at least two groups.

3. The method for battery management of a battery swap cabinet according to claim 1, wherein the electrical parameters comprise at least one of: the open-circuit voltage after the battery is converted into the battery replacement cabinet and before charging, the open-circuit voltage, the resistance and the capacity after the battery is charged to the voltage with the preset value, and the open-circuit voltage, the resistance and the capacity after the charging process of the battery is finished.

4. The battery replacement cabinet battery management method according to claim 1, wherein the power utilization request operation comprises a battery replacement; in each single power utilization request operation, selecting batteries from the same group of items and controlling the battery changing cabinet to be unlocked for a user to take, the method comprises the following steps:

when a battery replacement request of a user is received, controlling the power exchange cabinet to receive the battery and judging whether an electric signal generated by putting the battery into the power exchange cabinet is received within a preset time period;

after receiving the electric signal within a preset time period, selecting a battery from the same group and controlling the battery changing cabinet to be unlocked for a user to take; and returning to the step of controlling the power exchange cabinet to receive the battery and judging whether an electric signal generated by putting the battery into the power exchange cabinet is received or not, and continuing to execute the step until the power utilization request operation is finished.

5. The battery replacement cabinet battery management method according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein after the step of obtaining the electrical parameters of the plurality of batteries in the battery replacement cabinet, the method further comprises:

determining a most unbalanced person, wherein the most unbalanced person is a battery of which the difference between the electrical parameter and the electrical parameters of other batteries meets a preset condition;

eliminating the most unbalanced ones before the step of dividing the plurality of cells into at least two groups is performed.

6. The battery replacement cabinet management method according to claim 4, wherein after a battery replacement request of a user is received, power utilization management data of a battery to be replaced or a battery replaced by the current power utilization request operation is acquired.

7. The battery replacement cabinet battery management method according to claim 1, wherein the power utilization request operation comprises a battery application; in each single power utilization request operation, selecting batteries from the same group of items and controlling the battery changing cabinet to be unlocked for a user to take, the method comprises the following steps:

when a battery application request of a user is received, acquiring the number of batteries applied and taken by the user and a battery replacement authority of the user, wherein the battery replacement authority of the user comprises the maximum value of the number of the batteries which can be applied and taken by the user account;

judging whether the number of batteries applied for use by a user exceeds a battery replacement authority or not;

when the number of the batteries applied for use by the user does not exceed the battery replacement right, the batteries are selected from the same group and the battery replacement cabinet is controlled to be unlocked for the user to use.

8. The battery replacement cabinet battery management method according to claim 1, wherein the power utilization request operation further comprises battery temporary storage; correspondingly, the method further comprises:

when a battery temporary storage request of a user is received, acquiring the number of batteries which the user applies for temporary storage and a battery replacement permission, wherein the battery replacement permission of the user comprises the maximum value of the number of batteries which can be temporarily stored in the user account;

judging whether the number of batteries temporarily stored by the user application exceeds the battery replacement authority;

when the number of batteries temporarily stored by the user application does not exceed the battery replacement right, controlling the battery replacement cabinet to receive the batteries; and circularly executing the step until the power utilization request operation is finished.

9. The method for battery management of a battery swap cabinet according to claim 8, wherein the power-on request operation further comprises a battery return; correspondingly, the method further comprises:

when a battery return request of a user is received, judging whether a battery corresponding to the user account is in a temporary storage state or not;

when the batteries corresponding to the user accounts are in the temporary storage state, the battery replacement permission of the user accounts is increased according to the number of the temporarily stored batteries, and the number of the batteries in the temporary storage state in the user accounts is decreased.

10. The battery replacement cabinet battery management method according to claim 1, wherein the power utilization request operation further comprises battery recycling; correspondingly, the method further comprises:

and when a battery recycling request of a user is received, controlling the power change cabinet to unlock a preset number of retired batteries for the user to collect.

11. The battery replacement cabinet battery management method according to any one of claims 4 and 7 to 10, further comprising:

judging whether the accumulated time of the current power utilization request operation is greater than a preset time;

and when the accumulated time of the current power utilization request operation is longer than the preset time, sending error alarm information to a user and terminating the current power utilization request operation.

12. The battery replacement cabinet battery management method according to any one of claims 4 and 7 to 10, wherein the method further comprises:

and calculating the bill or the reward to be paid according to the battery taken by the user, and sending the bill or the reward to the user account.

13. A trade battery cabinet battery management device, its characterized in that includes:

the acquisition unit is used for acquiring the electrical parameters of a plurality of batteries in the power exchange cabinet, wherein the batteries are in a uniform specification;

the grouping unit is used for dividing the batteries into at least two groups, wherein the electrical parameters and/or charging curves of the batteries in the same group are similar;

the unlocking unit is used for selecting batteries from the same group of items and controlling the battery changing cabinet to be unlocked for a user to take in each single power utilization request operation;

and the acquiring unit, the grouping unit and the unlocking unit execute the corresponding steps before controlling to unlock the battery.

14. The battery swapping cabinet battery management device of claim 13, wherein the grouping unit comprises:

the clustering and grouping subunit is used for naturally classifying the batteries with similar electrical parameters by using a clustering method and aggregating the batteries into at least two groups according to a data center screened out naturally; and/or the presence of a gas in the gas,

and the statistical grouping subunit is used for taking the electrical parameter-time curve in the constant-current charging process of the battery as a classification object, and classifying the curve characteristics into groups by using a statistical algorithm so as to divide the battery into at least two groups.

15. The battery changing cabinet battery management apparatus as recited in claim 13, wherein the electrical parameters comprise at least one of: the open-circuit voltage after the battery is converted into the battery replacement cabinet and before charging, the open-circuit voltage, the resistance and the capacity after the battery is charged to the voltage with the preset value, and the open-circuit voltage, the resistance and the capacity after the charging process of the battery is finished.

16. A battery replacement management system, comprising:

a plurality of processors of the power exchange cabinets;

the background management system is in communication connection with the processor of each power exchange cabinet;

wherein the processors of the plurality of power distribution cabinets and/or the back office management system perform the battery management method of any of claims 1 to 12.

17. The battery swapping battery management system of claim 16, wherein the background management system further performs the steps of:

acquiring the geographical positions of a plurality of power exchange cabinets;

and receiving a power exchange cabinet query request of a user, and pushing the geographical positions and related information of all the power exchange cabinets closest to and/or nearby the user to the user.

18. The battery swapping battery management system of claim 16, wherein the background management system further performs the steps of:

monitoring the geographical position of a battery replacement cabinet where a retired battery is located in real time;

when a battery recycling request of a user is received, pushing all geographical positions of the battery replacing cabinets which are closest to the user and/or nearby and store the retired batteries to the user.

19. The battery swapping battery management system of claim 16, wherein the background management system further performs the steps of:

judging whether the unlocked retired battery is received by a battery swapping system within a preset time period after the battery is unlocked;

locking a user account for collecting an unlocked retired battery when the retired battery is not received within a predetermined period of time.

20. A battery changing cabinet is characterized by comprising:

a cabinet (31);

the battery placing positions are arranged on the cabinet body (31) and used for placing batteries;

the charging interfaces are arranged at each battery placing position and are used for charging the corresponding batteries;

a plurality of locking and unlocking mechanisms provided on the cabinet body (31);

each battery placing position corresponds to at least one locking and unlocking mechanism, the locking and unlocking mechanisms can be switched between a locking state and an unlocking state, the locking and unlocking mechanisms are used for locking the batteries on the corresponding battery placing positions in the locking state, and the locking of the batteries is released in the unlocking state;

a processor for executing the battery replacement cabinet battery management method of any one of claims 1 to 12 and outputting a control signal to control the locking and unlocking mechanism to switch between the locking state and the unlocking state.

21. The battery replacement cabinet as recited in claim 20, further comprising a detection device, the detection device comprising:

the output end of the battery internal resistance detection mechanism (341) is connected with the input end of the processor and is used for detecting the internal resistance of the battery; and/or the presence of a gas in the gas,

a battery capacity detection mechanism (343), the output end of which is connected with the input end of the processor, for detecting the capacity of the battery; and/or the presence of a gas in the gas,

and the output end of the battery voltage detection mechanism (342) is connected with the input end of the processor and is used for detecting the voltage of the battery.

22. The cabinet according to claim 20 or 21, characterized in that the cabinet body (31) is provided with at least one battery access opening (32) on the surface;

at least two charging seats (33) are arranged in the cabinet body (31), and each charging seat (33) is used as a battery placing position; any of the charging stations (33) can be aligned with the battery access opening (32).

23. The battery replacement cabinet according to claim 22, wherein the interior of the cabinet body (31) of the battery replacement cabinet further comprises:

at least two sprockets (3522) rotatably disposed within the cabinet (31);

an endless chain (3521) wound around the at least two sprockets (3522); all the charging seats (33) are sequentially and fixedly arranged on the outer wall surface of the annular chain;

and the driving mechanism is connected with at least one chain wheel (3522) and is used for driving the chain wheel (3522) to rotate so as to drive the annular chain (3521) to move in a linkage manner, so that any charging seat (33) on the outer wall surface of the annular chain (3521) can be aligned with the battery access (32).

24. A cabinet according to claim 23, wherein any of said charging stations (33) comprises:

the first base body (331) is provided with a placing cavity with one end being a taking and placing opening, and the placing cavity is used as the battery placing position;

a cover (332) having a side wall end rotatably provided on the pick-and-place port;

the locking and unlocking mechanism is arranged on at least one of the first seat body (331) and the cover body (332), and is used for locking the cover body (332) on the first seat body (331) in a locking state so as to enable the cover body (332) to cover the taking and placing opening; in the unlocked state, the other side wall end of the cover (332) is openable from the access opening.

25. The cabinet according to claim 23, wherein the endless chain (3521) moves in a second direction along a line connecting the centers of at least two of the sprockets; a movable transplanting mechanism (3523) and a transplanting power slide rail (3524) are also arranged in the cabinet body (31);

the movable transplanting mechanism (3523) makes telescopic motion along a first direction, the movable transplanting mechanism (3523) is slidably arranged on the transplanting power slide rail (3524), and the sliding direction of the movable transplanting mechanism is perpendicular to the first direction; the first direction and the sliding direction are positioned on the same plane, and the second direction is perpendicular to the plane;

under the movement of the annular chain (3521), when the mobile separating and inserting mechanism (3523) slides on the separating and inserting power slide rail (3524), the mobile separating and inserting mechanism can be switched between any charging seat and any battery access (32);

the mobile inserting and separating mechanism (3523) is used for taking out or inserting a single battery into the charging seat (33) when the charging seat (33) makes telescopic motion; and a battery pack (21) of the combination adapter (2) for taking and placing or inserting the single battery into and out of the battery access (32) when the battery access (32) is in telescopic motion.

26. The cabinet of claim 23, wherein the processor further records a charging dock for the vacancy; and the number of the first and second electrodes,

when the power change cabinet is controlled to receive the battery, the processor controls the driving mechanism to act so that the vacancy charging seat on the outer wall surface of the annular chain (3521) is aligned with the battery access (32); when the switch cabinet is controlled to unlock the battery, the processor controls the driving mechanism to act so that the unlocked battery is aligned with the battery access opening (32).

27. The battery replacement cabinet according to any one of claims 23 to 26, wherein the cabinet body (31) further comprises inside: a cable rotary distributor (3525) rotatably arranged inside the cabinet body (31);

a plurality of elastic wires distributed at intervals are arranged on the cable rotary distributor (3525), leading-out ends of the elastic wires are electrically connected with the charging seats (33) in a one-to-one correspondence manner, and the cable rotary distributor (3525) is connected with a power supply; alternatively, the first and second electrodes may be,

the surface of one side of the cable rotary distributor (3525) facing the charging seat (33) is provided with a plurality of electric brushes distributed along the moving path of the annular chain (3521); any one of the charging seats (33) is electrically connected with the electric brush in a sliding way when moving along with the annular chain.

28. An assembly adapter suitable for use in a switchgear cabinet as claimed in any of claims 20 to 27, comprising a battery pack (21) comprising:

the battery pack comprises a cavity with at least one side being open, at least one battery is placed in the cavity, and a circuit is arranged on the side wall of the cavity and used for electrically connecting the batteries in the cavity in a preset mode; the preset mode of electric connection comprises series connection, parallel connection, series-parallel connection and only a single battery in a circuit;

the first interface (211) is suitable for being plugged, is arranged on the outer surface of the cavity and is provided with at least two conductor joints which are insulated from each other;

wherein, the two ends of the circuit electrically connected by the at least one battery in a preset mode are respectively connected with the at least two conductor joints of the first interface (211).

29. The modular adaptor of claim 28 further comprising a parallel seat (22) comprising:

a second seat body;

at least one second interface (221), which is arranged on the second base body, is suitable for plugging and is provided with at least two mutually insulated conductor joints; the second interface (221) is matched with each first interface (211), and when the second interface and the first interfaces are plugged, the conductor connectors are respectively and electrically connected;

the third interface (222) is arranged on the second seat body, is suitable for plugging, and is provided with at least two mutually insulated conductor joint connectors for connecting electric equipment;

the second base is further provided with a circuit, so that the third interface (222) is electrically connected with the conductor joint of each second interface (221) respectively.

30. -combination adapter according to claim 29, characterized in that the second interface (221) is at least two, said at least two battery packs (21) being connected in parallel when they are connected by means of a parallel connection (22).

31. An electricity swapping system, comprising:

a changing cabinet (3) according to any of the claims 20 to 27;

the batteries (1) are placed in the power exchange cabinet (3) for sharing use by users, and the batteries (1) are in a uniform specification;

the battery swapping battery management system of any of claims 16 to 19.

32. The battery swapping system of claim 31, further comprising a combination adapter (2) of any of claims 28 to 31;

the battery (1) can be electrically connected between the charging interfaces of the combined adapter (2) and the battery changing cabinet (3) in a switching mode; when the battery (1) is electrically connected with a charging interface of the power exchange cabinet (3), the battery is in a charging or fully-charged state, and when the battery (1) is arranged in the combined adapter (2) connected with the electric equipment, the battery is in a state capable of supplying power to the electric equipment.

33. The power swapping system of claim 32, wherein the combined adapter is provided with a BMS battery management system, and the BMS battery management system sends power utilization management data of the batteries inside the combined adapter to a power swapping cabinet and/or a background management system.

34. The battery swapping system of claim 31, characterized in that the nominal voltage of the plurality of batteries (1) is 12V.

35. The swapping system of claim 34, wherein the plurality of batteries (1) has a nominal voltage of 24V and has two sets of charge and discharge channels, one set being output at the nominal voltage and the nominal capacity of the battery (1) and the other set being output at one half the nominal voltage and one to two times the nominal capacity of the battery (1).

36. The battery swapping system according to claim 34 or 35, wherein the rated capacity of the plurality of batteries (1) is between 5A-h and 20A-h.