CN112247196B - Axial vibration processing device based on elastic support - Google Patents
Axial vibration processing device based on elastic support Download PDFInfo
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- CN112247196B CN112247196B CN202011075511.1A CN202011075511A CN112247196B CN 112247196 B CN112247196 B CN 112247196B CN 202011075511 A CN202011075511 A CN 202011075511A CN 112247196 B CN112247196 B CN 112247196B
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- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 claims description 13
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 13
- 238000003754 machining Methods 0.000 claims description 9
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- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 claims description 7
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- 239000013585 weight reducing agent Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
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- 238000005461 lubrication Methods 0.000 description 2
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- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000003801 milling Methods 0.000 description 2
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 210000000988 bone and bone Anatomy 0.000 description 1
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23B—TURNING; BORING
- B23B41/00—Boring or drilling machines or devices specially adapted for particular work; Accessories specially adapted therefor
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23Q—DETAILS, COMPONENTS, OR ACCESSORIES FOR MACHINE TOOLS, e.g. ARRANGEMENTS FOR COPYING OR CONTROLLING; MACHINE TOOLS IN GENERAL CHARACTERISED BY THE CONSTRUCTION OF PARTICULAR DETAILS OR COMPONENTS; COMBINATIONS OR ASSOCIATIONS OF METAL-WORKING MACHINES, NOT DIRECTED TO A PARTICULAR RESULT
- B23Q11/00—Accessories fitted to machine tools for keeping tools or parts of the machine in good working condition or for cooling work; Safety devices specially combined with or arranged in, or specially adapted for use in connection with, machine tools
- B23Q11/10—Arrangements for cooling or lubricating tools or work
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23Q—DETAILS, COMPONENTS, OR ACCESSORIES FOR MACHINE TOOLS, e.g. ARRANGEMENTS FOR COPYING OR CONTROLLING; MACHINE TOOLS IN GENERAL CHARACTERISED BY THE CONSTRUCTION OF PARTICULAR DETAILS OR COMPONENTS; COMBINATIONS OR ASSOCIATIONS OF METAL-WORKING MACHINES, NOT DIRECTED TO A PARTICULAR RESULT
- B23Q3/00—Devices holding, supporting, or positioning work or tools, of a kind normally removable from the machine
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23Q—DETAILS, COMPONENTS, OR ACCESSORIES FOR MACHINE TOOLS, e.g. ARRANGEMENTS FOR COPYING OR CONTROLLING; MACHINE TOOLS IN GENERAL CHARACTERISED BY THE CONSTRUCTION OF PARTICULAR DETAILS OR COMPONENTS; COMBINATIONS OR ASSOCIATIONS OF METAL-WORKING MACHINES, NOT DIRECTED TO A PARTICULAR RESULT
- B23Q5/00—Driving or feeding mechanisms; Control arrangements therefor
- B23Q5/02—Driving main working members
- B23Q5/04—Driving main working members rotary shafts, e.g. working-spindles
- B23Q5/10—Driving main working members rotary shafts, e.g. working-spindles driven essentially by electrical means
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Abstract
The invention relates to an axial vibration processing device based on elastic support, which comprises a main shaft driving motor, a motor bracket, a main shaft, a cylindrical cam, a universal ball bearing, a left floating bearing seat end cover, a left floating bearing seat, a case, a right floating bearing seat and a right floating bearing seat end cover, wherein the main shaft driving motor is connected with the motor bracket through a transmission shaft; the both ends of machine case respectively with left side floating bearing frame end cover and right side floating bearing frame end cover threaded connection, left side floating bearing frame and right side floating bearing frame are installed in respective floating bearing frame end cover, the cover is equipped with a plurality of left side circumference elastic rings outside the floating bearing frame circumference of left side upwards, the cover is equipped with a plurality of right side circumference elastic rings outside the floating bearing frame circumference of right side upwards, provide the axial force of directional universal ball bearing direction for the cylindrical cam through mutually supporting of all circumference elastic rings, realize main shaft vibration system's elastic support simultaneously and provide the axial vibration track. The device can reduce friction loss and faults, and is favorable for weight reduction and miniaturization design of the whole device.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of machining, such as drilling, boring and milling, and particularly relates to an axial vibration machining device based on elastic support.
Background
With the development of science and technology, the requirements on the processing quality of operations such as drilling, boring and milling are higher and higher. The axial vibration shows good technological effect in the aspect of hole machining and forming, and has the advantages of improving the quality of the inner surface of a hole, reducing outlet burrs, effectively breaking chips, promoting chip removal, reducing drilling force and drilling temperature and the like, so that the axial vibration machining device is particularly important for development of the axial vibration machining device. The common axial vibration drilling technology is mainly realized through a vibration motor, drilling equipment is large in size and not easy to miniaturize, and good vibration waveforms are difficult to form in a wide frequency range.
The document of application No. 201910933238.2 discloses a cam mechanism type axial vibration drilling device which realizes axial movement of a drill by relative sliding of a rolling spline on a rolling spline shaft, and the relative sliding between the two has large friction loss, increases the possibility of failure, and does not use the device to reduce weight; a main shaft vibration system of the device is not provided with a sealing part, so that the phenomenon of oil leakage exists, and the stability of the main shaft vibration system is difficult to ensure.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects of the prior art, the invention provides an axial vibration machining device based on elastic support.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention for solving the technical problems is as follows:
an axial vibration processing device based on elastic support comprises a main shaft driving motor, a motor bracket, a main shaft, a cylindrical cam and a universal ball bearing; the device is characterized by also comprising a left floating bearing seat end cover, a left floating bearing seat, a case, a right floating bearing seat and a right floating bearing seat end cover;
the two ends of the case are respectively in threaded connection with the left floating bearing seat end cover and the right floating bearing seat end cover, the left floating bearing seat and the right floating bearing seat are installed in the floating bearing seat end covers, the outer sides of the left floating bearing seat and the right floating bearing seat are both in a cone frustum shape, a plurality of circumferential elastic rings are circumferentially sleeved on the outer sides of the floating bearing seats, and elastic support of a spindle system is achieved through mutual matching of all the circumferential elastic rings.
One end of the motor bracket is connected with the main shaft driving motor, and the other end of the motor bracket is connected with the left floating bearing seat end cover; one end of the main shaft is connected with the main shaft through an elastic coupling, and the other end of the main shaft is provided with a drill bit; an end face cam is fixed in the middle of the main shaft, angular contact ball bearings are assembled at two ends of the main shaft, and the angular contact ball bearings at the two ends are respectively assembled in respective floating bearing seats to form a main shaft system; the main shaft system penetrates through an inner circular plate of the case; in the process that the main shaft drives the cylindrical cam to rotate, the cylindrical cam drives the main shaft to realize axial vibration under the action of the reaction force of the universal ball bearing;
inner holes of the left floating bearing seat and the right floating bearing seat are stepped holes, the outer sides of the left floating bearing seat and the right floating bearing seat are in a shape of a truncated cone, and inner holes of the left floating bearing seat end cover and the right floating bearing seat end cover are conical holes;
a corrugated roller path is arranged on the end surface of the cylindrical cam fixed in the middle of the main shaft; universal ball bearings with the same number as the corrugations in the corrugated roller paths are uniformly arranged on the inner circular plate of the case in the circumferential direction, and rolling bodies of the universal ball bearings roll along the corrugated roller paths;
all the circumferential elastic rings sleeved on the outer sides of the left and right floating bearing seats respectively provide force for a corrugated raceway of a cylindrical cam to abut against a rolling element of a universal ball bearing under the combined action of the left and right floating bearing seat conical holes and the floating bearing seat outer-side cone frustum, and the end surface elastic ring arranged on the small-diameter end surface of the floating bearing seat provides the function of compensating axial rigidity;
the elastic coupling for connecting the main shaft and the driving motor is an elastic coupling with small axial rigidity and large radial rigidity, so that large torque can be transmitted while axial vibration can be realized.
The small-diameter end face of the left floating bearing seat is provided with an end face groove for mounting a left end face elastic ring, and the circumference of the end face groove is provided with a circumferential groove for mounting a left circumferential elastic ring; the small-diameter end face of the right floating bearing seat is provided with an end face groove for mounting a right end face elastic ring, and the circumference of the small-diameter end face groove is provided with a circumference groove for mounting a right circumference elastic ring.
One end of the left floating bearing seat end cover is provided with a conical hole matched with the left floating bearing seat, one end of the left floating bearing seat end cover, which is provided with a conical hole, is connected with the chassis shell, and a left gasket is arranged between the left floating bearing seat end cover and the chassis shell; one end of the right floating bearing seat end cover is provided with a conical hole matched with the right floating bearing seat, one end of the right floating bearing seat end cover is provided with a conical hole, the other end of the right floating bearing seat end cover is connected with the shell of the case, and a right gasket is arranged between the right floating bearing seat end cover and the shell.
When the initial pretightening force of the cylindrical cam is adjusted by extruding the right gasket, rotating the end cover of the right floating bearing seat and extruding the right gasket to ensure that the compression amount of the right elastic ring is greater than that of the left elastic ring; when the initial pretightening force of the cylindrical cam is not adjusted by extruding the right gasket, the rigidity of the right end face elastic ring is greater than that of the left end face elastic ring.
The casing of the case is cylindrical, an inner circular plate is arranged in the casing, and a plurality of mounting holes for mounting the ball bearings are uniformly arranged on the circumference of the inner circular plate.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
(1) the device provides elastic support for respective floating bearing seats through the left side circumferential elastic ring and the right side circumferential elastic ring, provides radial rigidity for the floating bearing seats, and simultaneously provides axial rigidity, so that the cylindrical cam is always subjected to axial force towards the direction of the universal ball bearing, the rolling bodies of the ball bearing are ensured to always roll in the corrugated roller path of the cylindrical cam, the cylindrical cam is directly driven by the reaction force of the ball bearing to perform periodic axial vibration on the main shaft, and the principle of the reaction force is utilized, so that the main shaft can realize axial vibration while transmitting torque; compared with the mode of realizing axial vibration through the rolling spline pair, the friction loss when the rolling spline and the rolling spline shaft slide relatively is avoided, the faults can be effectively reduced, and the weight reduction and miniaturization design of the whole device are facilitated.
(2) According to the invention, the compression amount of the right gasket is adjusted by rotating the end cover of the floating bearing seat, and the initial pre-tightening force of the cylindrical cam is adjusted, so that the phenomenon of 'floating' of the cylindrical cam in different amplitudes and frequencies can be prevented, and further the axial vibration of the main shaft is influenced; the elastic support also increases the possibility of the drill bit jumping in the radial direction, is beneficial to heat dissipation during the drilling operation of the brittle materials represented by bone tissues and reduces the temperature; the cylindrical cam is in rolling contact with the rolling bodies of the ball bearings, so that the service life of the cylindrical cam can be effectively prolonged.
(3) The main shaft vibration system is wrapped by the left floating bearing seat end cover, the right floating bearing seat end cover and the case, oil leakage is prevented, the joints among the parts are lubricated, the lubricating condition is improved, and the stability of axial vibration of the main shaft is guaranteed.
(4) The whole structure part of the device is simple to process, low in manufacturing cost, small in size, light in weight and compact in structure, can be made into a small handheld axial vibration device, can be matched with a linear motion platform for use, is mounted on a machine tool for use, and effectively solves the problems of poor drilling quality, large drilling force and high drilling temperature in the hole machining and forming operation process.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the overall structure of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of the overall structure of the present invention taken along the axial direction of the main shaft;
FIG. 3 is a schematic three-dimensional view of the floating bearing housing end cap of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a front view of the floating bearing housing end cap of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view of the present invention taken along the line A-A of FIG. 4;
FIG. 6 is a schematic three-dimensional view of the floating bearing seat of the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a front view of the floating bearing housing of the present invention;
FIG. 8 is a cross-sectional view of the present invention taken along the line B-B of FIG. 7;
FIG. 9 is a schematic view of the mating of the left floating bearing housing end cap with the left floating bearing housing of the present invention;
FIG. 10 is a schematic three-dimensional view of a cylindrical cam according to the present invention;
FIG. 11 is a front view of the cylindrical cam of the present invention;
FIG. 12 is a cross-sectional view of the present invention taken along the line C-C of FIG. 11;
FIG. 13 is a front view of the enclosure of the present invention;
FIG. 14 is a front view of the ball bearing of the present invention;
in the figure: 1. a spindle drive motor; 2. a bracket sealing cover; 3. a motor bracket; 4. an elastic coupling; 5. a main shaft; 6. a left side seal ring; 7. a left floating bearing seat end cover; 8. a left side washer; 9. a left floating bearing seat; 10. a chassis; 11. a cylindrical cam; 12. a right floating bearing seat end cover; 13. a right-side angular contact ball bearing; 14. a right lock nut; 15. a three-jaw chuck; 16. a drill bit; 17. a right side sealing ring; 18. a right end face elastic ring; 19. a right circumferential elastic ring; 20. a right side washer; 21. a right floating bearing seat; 22. a flat bond; 23. a positioning sleeve; 24. a universal ball bearing; 25. a left circumferential elastic ring; 26. a left side angular contact ball bearing; 27. an elastic ring on the left end face; 28. a left locking nut; 10-1, mounting holes; 11-1, corrugated roller paths; 24-1, rolling bodies; 9-1, end face grooves; 9-2, circumferential grooves; 9-3 and a boss.
Detailed Description
The technical solution of the present invention is described below with reference to the specific drawings and embodiments. The specific examples are only used to further illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention in detail, and do not limit the scope of protection of the present application.
The invention provides an axial vibration processing device (a device for short, see fig. 1-14) based on elastic support, which comprises a main shaft driving motor 1, a motor bracket 3, a main shaft 5, a left floating bearing seat end cover 7, a left floating bearing seat 9, a left angular contact ball bearing 26, a universal ball bearing 24, a case 10, a cylindrical cam 11, a right angular contact ball bearing 13, a right floating bearing seat 21 and a right floating bearing seat end cover 12, wherein the main shaft driving motor is connected with the main shaft driving motor 1 through a connecting rod;
the left floating bearing seat end cover 7, the left floating bearing seat 9, the left angular contact ball bearing 26, the cylindrical cam 11, the right floating bearing seat 21, the right floating bearing seat end cover 12, the right angular contact ball bearing 13 and the universal ball bearing 24 form a main shaft vibration system together;
one end of the motor bracket 3 is connected with the main shaft driving motor 1 through a bolt, and the other end of the motor bracket is connected with the left floating bearing seat end cover 7 through a bolt; the main shaft driving motor 1 provides a power source and is connected with one end of a main shaft 5 through an elastic coupling 4, and the elastic coupling 4 is positioned in the motor bracket 3; one end of the main shaft 5 close to the drill bit 16 is firstly provided with a right angular contact ball bearing 13, a bearing inner ring is positioned through a right locking nut 14, then a right floating bearing seat 21 is arranged on the angular contact ball bearing, then the cylindrical cam 11 is fixed on the main shaft through a flat key 22 and a positioning sleeve 23, then the main shaft 5 penetrates through an inner circular plate of the case 10, then a left angular contact ball bearing 26 close to one side of the motor is arranged, the bearing inner ring is positioned through a left locking nut 28, and then a left floating bearing seat 9 is arranged on the left angular contact ball bearing 26, so that the whole main shaft system is formed;
a left end face elastic ring 27 is arranged on the end face of the left floating bearing seat 9 matched with the left floating bearing seat end cover 7, and a plurality of left circumferential elastic rings 25 are sleeved on the outer side of the left floating bearing seat 9; a right end face elastic ring 18 is arranged on the end face of the right floating bearing seat 21 matched with the right floating bearing seat end cover 12, and a plurality of right circumferential elastic rings 19 are sleeved outside the right floating bearing seat 21; the outer sides of the left floating bearing seat 9 and the right floating bearing seat 21 are both in a cone frustum shape, inner holes of the left floating bearing seat end cover 7 and the right floating bearing seat end cover 12 are both stepped holes, a left circumferential elastic ring 25 sleeved on the left floating bearing seat 9 and a right circumferential elastic ring 19 sleeved on the right floating bearing seat 21 are compressed along the inner cone holes of the left floating bearing seat end cover 7 and the right floating bearing seat end cover 12 to realize rigidity decomposition of the circumferential elastic rings, so that the left circumferential elastic ring 25 and the right circumferential elastic ring 19 provide radial rigidity for a main shaft vibration system and also provide axial rigidity, and meanwhile, a left end face elastic ring 27 and a right end face elastic ring 18 which are respectively installed on small-diameter end faces of the left floating bearing seat 9 and the right floating bearing seat 21 are used for compensating the axial rigidity;
the cylindrical cam 11 is fixed in the middle of the main shaft 5, and a corrugated roller path 11-1 is arranged on the end face of the cylindrical cam 11; the inner circular plate of the case 10 is uniformly provided with universal ball bearings 24 with the same number as the corrugations in the corrugated roller path 11-1 in the circumferential direction, and rolling bodies 24-1 of the universal ball bearings 24 roll along the corrugated roller path 11-1.
The casing of the case 10 is cylindrical, and an inner circular plate is arranged in the casing and divides the casing into a left part and a right part; the inner circular plate is provided with a plurality of mounting holes 10-1 for mounting universal ball bearings 24 on the circumference.
One end of the left floating bearing seat end cover 7 is provided with a conical inner hole matched with the left floating bearing seat 9, one end of the left floating bearing seat end cover 7 provided with the conical inner hole extends into the left part of the shell of the case 10 and is connected with the shell of the case 10 through pipe threads, and a left gasket 8 for sealing is arranged between the left floating bearing seat end cover and the shell of the case 10; and a left sealing ring 6 is arranged on the matching surface of the left floating bearing seat end cover 7 and the main shaft 5, so that lubricating grease is prevented from leaking.
The small-diameter end face of the left floating bearing seat 9 (see figures 6-8) is provided with an end face groove 9-1 for installing a left end face elastic ring 27, and the circumference is provided with a circumferential groove 9-2 for installing a left circumferential elastic ring 25; the left angular contact ball bearing 26 is in transition fit with the left floating bearing seat 9, and the outer ring of the left angular contact ball bearing 26 is positioned through a boss 9-3 of a stepped hole of the left floating bearing seat 9; one side of the inner ring of the left angular contact ball bearing 26 close to the spindle drive motor 1 is positioned by a left lock nut 28, and the left lock nut 28 is installed on the spindle 5; the side of the inner ring of the left angular contact ball bearing 26 away from the spindle drive motor 1 is positioned by a positioning sleeve 23 sleeved on the spindle 5.
One end of the right floating bearing seat end cover 12 is provided with a conical hole matched with the right floating bearing seat 21, one end of the right floating bearing seat end cover 12, which is provided with the conical hole, extends into the right part of the shell of the case 10 and is connected with the shell of the case 10 through pipe threads, a right gasket 20 is arranged between the right floating bearing seat end cover 12 and the shell of the case 10, the right gasket 20 has a sealing function and can adjust the compression amount of the left end face elastic ring 27 and the right end face elastic ring 18; and a right sealing ring 17 is arranged on the matching surface of the right floating bearing seat end cover 12 and the main shaft 5.
The small-diameter end face of the right floating bearing seat 21 is provided with an end face groove for mounting a right end face elastic ring 18, and the circumference is provided with a circumferential groove for mounting a right circumferential elastic ring 19; the right angular contact ball bearing 13 is in transition fit with the right floating bearing seat 21, and the outer ring of the right angular contact ball bearing 13 is positioned through a boss of a stepped hole of the right floating bearing seat 21; the inner ring of the right angular contact ball bearing 13 is positioned by a right lock nut 14 and a shaft shoulder of the main shaft 5, and the right lock nut 14 is sleeved on the main shaft 5.
The universal ball bearing 24 is in transition fit in the mounting hole 10-1 of the inner circular plate of the chassis 10, the cylindrical cam 11 is mounted in the middle of the main shaft 5 through the flat key 22, the cylindrical cam 11 is axially positioned through the positioning sleeve 23 and the shaft shoulder of the main shaft 5, and is circumferentially positioned through the flat key 22 to transmit torque; one end face of the cylindrical cam 11 is provided with a corrugated roller path 11-1, a rolling body 24-1 of a universal ball bearing 24 rolls along the corrugated roller path 11-1, the number of the universal ball bearings 24 is consistent with that of the corrugations in the corrugated roller path 11-1, the rolling body 24-1 of the universal ball bearing 24 and the corrugated roller path 11-1 are in rolling friction, the corrugations of the corrugated roller path 11-1 are sine corrugations or cosine corrugations, and the amplitude needs to meet the minimum pressure angle condition of the cam mechanism; the number of the universal ball bearings 24 is 3, the number of the sinusoidal surface cycles of the corrugated raceway of the cylindrical cam 11 is 3, and the amplitude is 0.05-0.5 mm; grease lubrication is adopted between the universal ball bearing 24 and the cylindrical cam 11, and good lubrication is ensured through a periodic maintenance mode.
And the contact positions of the case 10 and the left floating bearing seat end cover 7 and the right floating bearing seat end cover 12 are sealed.
The other end of the main shaft 5 is connected with a three-jaw drill chuck 15 through threads, a drill bit 16 is clamped in the three-jaw chuck 15, and the drill bit 16 is clamped and loosened by adjusting a locking nut of the three-jaw chuck 15.
The spindle driving motor 1 is a brushless dc motor.
The left gasket 8 can be a copper sheet or a rubber gasket; the right gasket 20 is a rubber gasket; when the initial pretightening force of the cylindrical cam 11 is adjusted by extruding the right gasket 20, rotating the right floating bearing seat end cover 12 and extruding the right gasket 20 to ensure that the compression amount of the right circumferential elastic ring is greater than that of the left circumferential elastic ring 25, so that the cylindrical cam 11 bears leftward axial force, and a rolling body 24-1 of the universal ball bearing 24 is ensured to roll in a corrugated raceway 11-1 of the cylindrical cam 11; when the initial pre-tightening force of the cylindrical cam 11 is not adjusted by extruding the right gasket 20, the right end face elastic ring 18 and the left end face elastic ring 27 are made of different materials, so that the rigidity of the right end face elastic ring 18 is greater than that of the left end face elastic ring 27, the elastic force of the right end face elastic ring 18 is greater than that of the left end face elastic ring 27 under the condition of the same compression amount of the two elastic rings, the cylindrical cam 11 is subjected to a leftward axial force, elastic support is provided for the cylindrical cam 11, and the rolling element 24-1 of the universal ball bearing 24 is ensured to roll in the corrugated raceway 11-1 of the cylindrical cam 11.
The drilling device further comprises a support sealing cover 2 coated on the motor support 3, and the elastic coupling 4 is prevented from being exposed.
The working principle and the working process of the invention are as follows:
firstly, adjusting the initial matching state of the case 10, the left floating bearing seat end cover 7 and the right floating bearing seat end cover 12, so that the compression amount of the right circumferential elastic ring is greater than that of the left circumferential elastic ring 25, and the cylindrical cam 11 bears leftward axial force to ensure that a rolling body 24-1 of the universal ball bearing 24 rolls in a corrugated raceway 11-1 of the cylindrical cam 11;
the main shaft driving motor 1 is connected with one end of a main shaft 5 through an elastic coupling 4, the drill bit 16 is connected with the other end of the main shaft 5, and when the main shaft driving motor 1 is started, an output shaft of the main shaft driving motor drives the main shaft 5 to rotate together through the elastic coupling 4, so that the rotary motion of the drill bit 16 is realized; the elastic coupling 4 has small axial rigidity and large radial rigidity, so that the torque can be transmitted, the spindle driving motor 1 is prevented from vibrating, and the spindle driving motor 1 drives the spindle 5 to rotate; the main shaft 5 drives the cylindrical cam 11 to rotate, so that a rolling body 24-1 of the universal ball bearing 24 rolls in a corrugated roller path 11-1 of the cylindrical cam 11, and the cylindrical cam 11 is subjected to the reaction force of the universal ball bearing 24 to drive the main shaft 5 to vibrate axially, so that the drill bit 16 vibrates; the main shaft 5 axially vibrates and simultaneously drives the left floating bearing seat 9 and the right floating bearing seat 21 to axially vibrate together; the right circumferential elastic ring 19 and the left circumferential elastic ring 25 play a role of providing axial rigidity while ensuring radial rigidity, and the right end face elastic ring 18 and the left end face elastic ring 27 play a role of compensating axial rigidity;
the cylindrical cam 11 starts to rotate under the driving action of the main shaft 5, meanwhile, the cylindrical cam 11 drives the main shaft to start axial vibration from the zero point of the corrugated roller path 11-1 under the action of the universal ball bearing 24, and the axial force exerted on the right floating bearing seat 21 by the right circumferential elastic ring 19 and the right end surface elastic ring 18 is always greater than the axial force exerted on the left floating bearing seat by the left circumferential elastic ring and the left end surface elastic ring, so that the highest point of the corrugated roller path 11-1 of the cylindrical cam 11 is ensured to be in contact with the universal ball bearing 24 until the cylindrical cam drives the main shaft 5 to axially move towards the direction far away from the drill bit 16 to the lowest point of the corrugated roller path 11-1 of the cylindrical cam 11 to be in contact with the universal ball bearing 24 all the time; then the spindle 5 drives the cylindrical cam 11 to continue rotating, the cylindrical cam 11 drives the spindle 5 to move towards the direction close to the drill bit 16 under the reaction force of the rolling body 24-1 of the universal ball bearing 24, and returns to the axial vibration zero point, and at this time, the drill bit 16 on the spindle 5 completes one period of axial vibration. This is repeated so that the drill bit 16 can achieve continuous periodic axial vibration.
The invention is applicable to the prior art.
Claims (5)
1. An axial vibration processing device based on elastic support comprises a main shaft driving motor, a motor bracket, a main shaft, a cylindrical cam and a universal ball bearing; the device is characterized by also comprising a left floating bearing seat end cover, a left floating bearing seat, a case, a right floating bearing seat and a right floating bearing seat end cover;
the two ends of the case are respectively in threaded connection with a left floating bearing seat end cover and a right floating bearing seat end cover, the left floating bearing seat and the right floating bearing seat are installed in the floating bearing seat end covers, a plurality of left circumferential elastic rings are circumferentially sleeved on the outer side of the left floating bearing seat, a plurality of right circumferential elastic rings are circumferentially sleeved on the outer side of the right floating bearing seat, and elastic support of a main shaft system is realized through mutual matching of all the circumferential elastic rings;
one end of the motor bracket is connected with the main shaft driving motor, and the other end of the motor bracket is connected with the left floating bearing seat end cover; one end of the main shaft is connected with the main shaft through an elastic coupling, and the other end of the main shaft is provided with a drill bit; an end face cam is fixed in the middle of the main shaft, angular contact ball bearings are assembled at two ends of the main shaft, and the angular contact ball bearings at the two ends are respectively assembled in respective floating bearing seats to form a main shaft system; the main shaft system penetrates through an inner circular plate of the case; in the process that the main shaft drives the cylindrical cam to rotate, the cylindrical cam drives the main shaft to realize axial vibration under the action of the reaction force of the universal ball bearing;
the inner holes of the left floating bearing seat and the right floating bearing seat are stepped holes, the outer sides of the left floating bearing seat and the right floating bearing seat are in a shape of a truncated cone, and the inner holes of the left floating bearing seat end cover and the right floating bearing seat end cover are conical holes;
a corrugated roller path is arranged on the end surface of the cylindrical cam fixed in the middle of the main shaft; universal ball bearings with the same number as the corrugations in the corrugated roller paths are uniformly arranged on the inner circular plate of the case in the circumferential direction, and rolling bodies of the universal ball bearings roll along the corrugated roller paths;
all the circumferential elastic rings sleeved on the outer sides of the left and right floating bearing seats respectively provide force for a corrugated raceway of a cylindrical cam to abut against a rolling element of a universal ball bearing under the combined action of the left and right floating bearing seat conical holes and the floating bearing seat outer-side cone frustum, and the end surface elastic ring arranged on the small-diameter end surface of the floating bearing seat provides the function of compensating axial rigidity;
the elastic coupling for connecting the main shaft and the driving motor is an elastic coupling with small axial rigidity and large radial rigidity, and is used for realizing axial vibration and transmitting larger torque.
2. The elastic support-based axial vibration machining device is characterized in that the small-diameter end face of the left floating bearing seat is provided with an end face groove for mounting an elastic ring on the left end face, and the small-diameter end face of the left floating bearing seat is provided with a circumferential groove for mounting a circumferential elastic ring on the left side in the circumferential direction; the small-diameter end face of the right floating bearing seat is provided with an end face groove for mounting a right end face elastic ring, and the circumference of the small-diameter end face groove is provided with a circumference groove for mounting a right circumference elastic ring.
3. The elastic support-based axial vibration machining device is characterized in that one end of the left floating bearing seat end cover is provided with a conical hole matched with the left floating bearing seat, the end of the left floating bearing seat end cover provided with the conical hole is in threaded connection with the chassis shell, and a left gasket is arranged between the left floating bearing seat end cover and the chassis shell; one end of the right floating bearing seat end cover is provided with a conical hole matched with the right floating bearing seat, one end of the right floating bearing seat end cover, which is provided with the conical hole, is in threaded connection with the shell of the case, and a right gasket is arranged between the right floating bearing seat end cover and the shell.
4. The axial vibration processing device based on elastic support as claimed in claim 2, characterized in that when the initial pre-tightening force of the cylindrical cam is adjusted by pressing the right washer, the right floating bearing seat end cap is rotated and the right washer is pressed, so that the compression amount of the right elastic ring is greater than that of the left elastic ring; when the initial pretightening force of the cylindrical cam is not adjusted by extruding the right gasket, the rigidity of the right end face elastic ring is greater than that of the left end face elastic ring.
5. The axial vibration processing apparatus based on elastic support as claimed in claim 1, wherein the casing of the machine box is cylindrical, an inner circular plate is provided in the casing, and a plurality of mounting holes for mounting ball bearings are uniformly provided on the inner circular plate.
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| CN202011075511.1A CN112247196B (en) | 2020-10-10 | 2020-10-10 | Axial vibration processing device based on elastic support |
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| CN202011075511.1A CN112247196B (en) | 2020-10-10 | 2020-10-10 | Axial vibration processing device based on elastic support |
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| CN112247196B true CN112247196B (en) | 2021-10-08 |
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| JP3240476B2 (en) * | 1991-08-08 | 2001-12-17 | 東芝機械株式会社 | Spindle clamping mechanism for machine tools |
| DE102005009921A1 (en) * | 2005-03-04 | 2006-09-07 | Schaeffler Kg | High-speed loose bearing, in particular for supporting the main spindle of a machine tool |
| TWI671159B (en) * | 2017-09-15 | 2019-09-11 | 國立中興大學 | High frequency vibration spindle system |
| CN110480068A (en) * | 2019-07-30 | 2019-11-22 | 西安理工大学 | Low frequency axial vibration drilling knife handle |
| CN110480062A (en) * | 2019-09-29 | 2019-11-22 | 河北工业大学 | A kind of cam mechanism type axial vibration drilling equipment |
| CN211540557U (en) * | 2019-12-27 | 2020-09-22 | 洛阳市精科主轴有限公司 | Novel high-precision roller grinder guide roller main shaft system |
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