CN112242780B - Permanent magnet synchronous motor with rotor temperature measuring device - Google Patents
Permanent magnet synchronous motor with rotor temperature measuring device Download PDFInfo
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- CN112242780B CN112242780B CN202011055041.2A CN202011055041A CN112242780B CN 112242780 B CN112242780 B CN 112242780B CN 202011055041 A CN202011055041 A CN 202011055041A CN 112242780 B CN112242780 B CN 112242780B
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- rotor
- temperature measuring
- temperature
- permanent magnet
- flange
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
- H02K11/00—Structural association of dynamo-electric machines with electric components or with devices for shielding, monitoring or protection
- H02K11/20—Structural association of dynamo-electric machines with electric components or with devices for shielding, monitoring or protection for measuring, monitoring, testing, protecting or switching
- H02K11/25—Devices for sensing temperature, or actuated thereby
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
- H02K13/00—Structural associations of current collectors with motors or generators, e.g. brush mounting plates or connections to windings; Disposition of current collectors in motors or generators; Arrangements for improving commutation
- H02K13/003—Structural associations of slip-rings
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
- H02K7/00—Arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with dynamo-electric machines, e.g. structural association with mechanical driving motors or auxiliary dynamo-electric machines
- H02K7/003—Couplings; Details of shafts
Abstract
The invention relates to a permanent magnet synchronous motor, in particular to a permanent magnet synchronous motor with a temperature measuring device. The defects and the problems of the existing motor rotor temperature measurement mode are solved. The permanent magnet synchronous motor comprises a permanent magnet synchronous motor body, a temperature sensor, a flange shaft with a flange at one end, a slip ring fixing frame and a temperature polling instrument; temperature measuring points are distributed on the end face of a rotor iron core of a permanent magnet synchronous motor body and the end face of a rotor permanent magnet, threaded holes are drilled in the temperature measuring points, a temperature sensor is fixed in the threaded holes of the temperature measuring points through threaded connection, a rotating shaft of the permanent magnet synchronous motor body is provided with a central shaft hole and an inclined hole, a flange shaft is fixed with the end face of the rotating shaft, a flange of the flange shaft is provided with a signal line through hole, a rotor of a slip ring is fixed with the flange shaft, and a signal line of the temperature sensor is led out through the inclined hole, the central shaft hole and the signal line through hole and is connected with a rotor lead-out wire of the slip ring. Bearing inner ring temperature measuring points are distributed on the end face of the rotating shaft, threaded holes are drilled at the bearing inner ring temperature measuring points, and temperature sensors are fixed in the threaded holes.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a permanent magnet synchronous motor, in particular to a permanent magnet synchronous motor with a temperature measuring device.
Background
The permanent magnet synchronous motor adopts permanent magnet excitation on the rotor, reduces the electric loss required by the rotor excitation, and has the advantages of high power density, large output voltage variation range, strong overload capacity, high operation efficiency and the like.
Meanwhile, in the running process of the motor, eddy current loss and hysteresis loss can be generated in the permanent magnet which plays a role in excitation on the rotor, so that the temperature of the permanent magnet is increased, the inflection point of a demagnetization curve of the permanent magnet material is deviated, the permanent magnet is possibly demagnetized under the influence of an external magnetic field, the performance attenuation and the service life of the motor are shortened, and even the motor fails in severe cases; in addition, the temperature of the bearing is increased due to mechanical friction and other reasons in the running process of the motor, the clearance of the bearing is reduced due to the overlarge temperature rise difference value of the inner ring and the outer ring of the bearing, and the bearing is failed in serious conditions to influence the normal running of a vehicle.
If the actual temperature of the rotor body and the bearing inner ring can be monitored in real time, effective measures can be taken to avoid the problems of bearing failure, motor performance attenuation, service life shortening and the like caused by demagnetization of the permanent magnet and large temperature difference of the inner ring and the outer ring of the bearing when the temperature of the rotor body is too high or the temperature difference of the inner ring and the outer ring of the bearing is too large in the motor. Therefore, accurately monitoring the rotor temperature of the permanent magnet synchronous motor in real time is very important for vehicle operation, motor performance guarantee, reliability and service life.
For the temperature measurement of the motor rotor, due to the special structure of the mechanical rotation of the motor rotor, the interference of a strong magnetic field and the like, the real-time measurement and the accurate monitoring of the temperature of the motor rotor become difficult. The existing motor rotor temperature measurement modes are mostly found in the following four modes:
a) the infrared remote sensing temperature measurement technology comprises the following steps: the infrared remote sensing temperature measuring technology belongs to non-contact measurement, and the method is that a temperature measuring instrument is arranged on a stator near a rotor temperature measuring point, the temperature of the rotor temperature measuring point is measured through an infrared sensor, and then a temperature signal is transmitted to a receiver.
b) Temperature test paper paster technique: the temperature test paper paster technology is that temperature test paper is pasted on a temperature measuring point of a rotor before a motor is installed, and the temperature of the rotor is tested according to the color change condition of the temperature paster.
c) Wireless transmission technology: the wireless transmission technology is that a temperature sensor and a temperature acquisition device are installed on a rotor, and temperature data are sent to a data receiving unit in a wireless transmission mode, so that the real-time measurement of the temperature of the motor rotor is realized.
d) Rotor temperature estimation method: the rotor temperature estimation method is characterized in that parameters such as line voltage, line current, stator core temperature, inductance and the like during the operation of the motor are substituted into a thermal model which is designed in advance, and then the rotor temperature of the motor is estimated through the thermal model.
The existing motor rotor temperature measurement mode has the defects that:
a. an infrared remote sensing temperature measurement technology. The occupied space is large, the transmission process of signals is easily interfered by an external electromagnetic field, so that the measurement result is inaccurate, the price of an infrared remote sensing system is high, and the limitations limit the application of the infrared remote sensing technology in the temperature measurement of the motor rotor.
b. Temperature test paper paster technique. The method has the advantages that the test error is large, the rotor temperature of the motor under different loads cannot be monitored in real time, in addition, the motor needs to be decomposed when the rotor temperature data are read by the method, and only the surface temperature of the rotor of the motor can be monitored.
c. Wireless transmission techniques. The signal is easily interfered by the inside of a motor or other strong magnetic fields in wireless transmission, so that the measured data is inaccurate. And the mounting structure is complicated, the occupied rotor volume is large, and the magnetic circuit of the rotor is influenced.
d. Rotor temperature estimation method. The method is only proved by theoretical calculation, is lack of practical experimental means for demonstration, and the test result is mostly average temperature, so that the real distribution condition of the temperature of each position of the rotor body is difficult to be comprehensively and reasonably reflected, and larger calculation errors exist.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention solves the defects and problems of the existing motor rotor temperature measuring mode, provides a permanent magnet synchronous motor with a rotor temperature measuring device, and is characterized by realizing the online monitoring of the temperature distribution of a rotor body. The real temperature distribution situation of each position on the rotor body can be measured in real time, and the temperature sensor signal wire can be safely and reliably led out from the inside of the motor to read data.
The invention is realized by adopting the following technical scheme: the permanent magnet synchronous motor with the rotor temperature measuring device comprises a permanent magnet synchronous motor body, a temperature sensor, a flange shaft with a flange at one end, a sliding ring fixing frame and a temperature polling instrument; temperature measuring points are distributed on the end face of a rotor iron core of the permanent magnet synchronous motor body and the end face of a rotor permanent magnet, threaded holes are drilled at the temperature measuring points, and a temperature sensor is fixed in the threaded holes of the temperature measuring points through threaded connection; the end surface of the non-transmission end of the rotating shaft of the permanent magnet synchronous motor body is provided with a central shaft hole, and the shaft surface of the rotating shaft is provided with an inclined hole communicated with the central shaft hole; the flange of the flange shaft is fixed with the end face of the non-transmission end of the rotating shaft, the flange shaft and the rotating shaft are coaxial, and the flange of the flange shaft is provided with a signal line through hole; the slip ring fixing frame is fixed on the non-transmission end cover of the permanent magnet synchronous motor body; the stator of the slip ring is fixed on the slip ring fixing frame, and the rotor of the slip ring is fixed with the flange shaft, so that the rotating shaft, the flange shaft and the slip ring rotor synchronously rotate; a signal wire of the temperature sensor is led out through the inclined hole, the central shaft hole and the signal wire through hole and is connected with a rotor lead-out wire of the slip ring; and a stator lead-out wire of the slip ring is connected with a temperature polling instrument, and the temperature polling instrument obtains and displays the temperature of the temperature measuring point. The permanent magnet synchronous motor with the rotor temperature measuring device belongs to contact measurement when the temperature of the rotor is measured, and the measuring result is accurate and reliable. The arrangement mode of the temperature measuring points can be set in different radial directions and different circumferential directions of the end face of the rotor iron core and the end face of the rotor permanent magnet according to needs, and in addition, the temperature measuring points can be set in different axial positions of the rotor iron core and the rotor permanent magnet according to different drilling depths of the temperature measuring points. The arrangement mode of the temperature measuring points realizes temperature measurement at any position in the rotor, can simultaneously measure the temperature at a plurality of positions of the rotor body, and realizes the requirement of monitoring the temperature distribution in the rotor body of the motor in real time.
Furthermore, bearing inner ring temperature measuring points are distributed on the end face of the non-transmission end of the rotating shaft, threaded holes are drilled in the bearing inner ring temperature measuring points, a temperature sensor for collecting the temperature of the bearing inner ring is fixed in the threaded holes of the bearing inner ring temperature measuring points through threaded connection, and a temperature sensor signal line at the position of the bearing inner ring is directly connected with a rotor outgoing line of the sliding ring.
According to the invention, the temperature sensors are reasonably arranged on the rotor to comprehensively measure the real temperature data of each part in the motor rotor and the position of the bearing inner ring; a temperature sensor signal wire leading-out device is designed, and leading-out wires of sensors at each position on a motor rotor are safely and reliably led out from the interior of the motor; the rotor body is provided with a slip ring and a temperature polling instrument and other components outside the motor, so that the real-time monitoring of the temperature of the motor rotor is realized. The rotor body temperature measuring device arranged on the permanent magnet synchronous motor body is simple in structure, low in cost, convenient to install and use, high in integration degree and small in occupied space. The invention carries out the idea of real-time temperature measurement of the rotor of the permanent magnet synchronous motor by transforming and processing the rotor and configuring components such as a slip ring, a patrol instrument and the like, is suitable for the permanent magnet synchronous motor, can also be used on various motors such as an asynchronous motor, a direct current motor, other synchronous motors and the like, meets the requirements of various motors on the temperature monitoring of the rotor, and has wide application. The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows:
(1) the invention occupies smaller space, the signal wire of the temperature sensor is led out to the outside of the motor through the central hole of the rotor and the signal wire through hole of the flange shaft, the internal space of the motor is not additionally occupied, the temperature is measured only by drilling holes at the temperature measuring point, and the problem that the temperature sensor occupies large internal space of the motor is solved.
(2) Temperature sensors can be arranged at different positions and different depths of the end face of the rotor iron core and the end face of the rotor permanent magnet, the radial, circumferential and axial temperature conditions of the rotor can be monitored, and the problem that the temperature test paper paster technology can only measure the surface temperature of the rotor is solved.
(3) A temperature sensor is arranged at the inner ring of the rotating shaft bearing to monitor the temperature condition of the inner ring of the motor bearing, so that the problem of difficulty in monitoring the temperature of the inner ring of the rotor is solved.
(4) The invention can work when the motor runs, can monitor the rotor temperature of the motor under different working conditions in real time, and solves the problems that the temperature test paper patch technology is difficult to read data and can not monitor the rotor temperature of the motor in real time.
(5) Data signals measured by the sensor probe are led out through a signal wire, so that the error of the measurement result is small, and the problem of inaccurate measurement result caused by electromagnetic field interference of the signals in wireless transmission is avoided.
(6) The sensor probe is in direct contact with the measured rotor part, the measured data is accurate and reliable, the real distribution condition of the temperature at each position in the motor rotor can be comprehensively and reasonably measured, and the problem that the rotor temperature estimation method can only measure the average temperature is avoided.
(7) The invention has simple installation structure, lower cost and more convenient operation, can be used for measuring the temperature of the rotor of various motors and has wide application. The problems of complex structure and high price of a rotor temperature measuring system are solved.
(8) The threaded hole is drilled on the end face of the rotor body, the sensor probe extends into the threaded hole, and the sensor is connected and fixed through threads, so that the rotor body is convenient and firm. The problem of sensor installation fixed on the rotor is solved.
(9) Heat-conducting glue is smeared between the sensor probe and the measured rotor part, so that the sensor probe is in direct contact with the measured rotor part, and the problems of inaccurate measurement result of the sensor probe and shaking of the probe in the rotor are solved.
(10) The end face of the rotating shaft is provided with a central hole, the shaft is provided with an inclined hole communicated with the central hole, and the end face of the rotating shaft is provided with a step and a threaded hole for fixing a flange shaft, so that the problem of leading out of a sensor signal wire is solved.
(11) The flange shaft and the slip ring are combined, so that the problem of difficulty in leading out a sensor signal wire due to rotation of a motor rotor is solved.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a side view and a schematic view of the temperature measurement point distribution of fig. 1.
In the figure: 1-rotor permanent magnets; 2-a rotor core; 3-a rotating shaft; 4-a temperature sensor; 5-temperature sensor signal line; 6-flange shaft; 7-a slip ring; 8-end cap; 9-slip ring fixing frame; 10-temperature polling instrument.
Detailed Description
The permanent magnet synchronous motor with the rotor temperature measuring device comprises a permanent magnet synchronous motor body, a temperature sensor 4, a flange shaft 6 with a flange at one end, a slip ring 7, a slip ring fixing frame 9 and a temperature polling instrument 10; temperature measuring points are distributed on the end surface of a rotor iron core 2 and the end surface of a rotor permanent magnet 1 of the permanent magnet synchronous motor body, threaded holes are drilled at the temperature measuring points, and a temperature sensor 4 is fixed in the threaded holes of the temperature measuring points through threaded connection; a central shaft hole is formed in the end face of the non-transmission end of a rotating shaft 3 of the permanent magnet synchronous motor body, and an inclined hole communicated with the central shaft hole is formed in the shaft face of the rotating shaft 3; the flange of the flange shaft 6 is fixed with the end face of the non-transmission end of the rotating shaft 3 (in specific implementation, the flange shaft 6 is fixed by bolts), the flange shaft 6 and the rotating shaft 3 are coaxial, and the flange of the flange shaft 6 is provided with a signal line through hole; the slip ring fixing frame 9 is fixed on the permanent magnet synchronous motor body non-transmission end cover 8; a stator of the slip ring 7 is fixed on the slip ring fixing frame 9, and a rotor of the slip ring 7 is fixed with the flange shaft 6, so that the rotating shaft 3, the flange shaft 6 and the slip ring 7 rotate synchronously; a signal wire 5 of the temperature sensor is led out through the inclined hole, the central shaft hole and the signal wire through hole and is connected with a rotor lead-out wire of the slip ring 7; the stator lead-out wire of the slip ring 7 is connected with a temperature polling instrument 10, and the temperature polling instrument 10 obtains and displays the temperature of a temperature measuring point. Bearing inner ring temperature measuring points are distributed on the end face of the non-transmission end of the rotating shaft 3, threaded holes are drilled in the bearing inner ring temperature measuring points, a temperature sensor 4 for collecting the temperature of the bearing inner ring is fixed in the threaded holes of the bearing inner ring temperature measuring points through threaded connection, a temperature sensor signal wire 5 at the position of the bearing inner ring is directly connected with a rotor outgoing line of the sliding ring 7, and therefore the temperature patrol detector 10 can also obtain and display the temperature of the bearing inner ring.
In specific implementation, a central shaft hole on the rotating shaft 3 is a blind hole, and a step is expanded at an orifice of the blind hole (so as to facilitate a signal line 5 of the temperature sensor to penetrate out of a signal line through hole on a flange of the flange shaft 6); the flange of the flange shaft 6 is matched with the orifice of the blind hole by adopting a spigot, so that the flange shaft 6 is accurately installed and positioned. The probe of the temperature sensor 4 is coated with heat-conducting glue, so that the probe of the sensor is in direct contact with the measured part. The slip ring 7 is a commercially available existing known product, the slip ring 7 adopts a multi-loop slip ring, the temperature of a plurality of temperature measuring points in the rotor body can be measured simultaneously, the real distribution condition of the temperature at each position in the motor rotor can be comprehensively and reasonably measured, and the real-time monitoring of the rotor temperature is realized.
Temperature measuring points are distributed on the end faces of the rotor iron core 2 and the rotor permanent magnet 1 at the two ends of the rotor. Temperature measuring points on the end surfaces of the rotor core 2 and the rotor permanent magnet 1 of the permanent magnet synchronous motor body are distributed as follows: two temperature measuring points S5 and S6 are radially distributed on the end face of the first rotor permanent magnet, one measuring point S1 is distributed on the end face of the second rotor permanent magnet, and the radial position of the temperature measuring point S1 is the same as that of one temperature measuring point S5 on the end face of the first rotor permanent magnet, so that the temperature comparison of the same radial position of different permanent magnets can be realized by S1 and S5, and the temperature comparison of different positions on the same permanent magnet can be realized by S5 and S6. Three temperature measuring points S2, S3 and S4 with different radial positions are distributed in the first radial direction of the end face of the rotor core 2, one temperature measuring point S7 is distributed in the second radial direction, and the radial position of the temperature measuring point S7 is the same as that of one temperature measuring point S3 in the first radial direction, so that the temperature comparison of the same circumferential direction (the same radial direction) and different radial positions of the core can be realized by the S2, the S3 and the S4, and the temperature comparison of the same radial direction and different circumferential positions of the core can be realized by the S3 and the S7.
Claims (7)
1. A permanent magnet synchronous motor with a rotor temperature measuring device is characterized by comprising a permanent magnet synchronous motor body, a temperature sensor (4), a flange shaft (6) with a flange at one end, a slip ring (7), a slip ring fixing frame (9) and a temperature polling instrument (10); temperature measuring points are distributed on the end face of a rotor iron core (2) and the end face of a rotor permanent magnet (1) of the permanent magnet synchronous motor body, threaded holes are drilled in the temperature measuring points, and a temperature sensor (4) is fixed in the threaded holes of the temperature measuring points through threaded connection; a central shaft hole is formed in the end face of the non-transmission end of a rotating shaft (3) of the permanent magnet synchronous motor body, and an inclined hole communicated with the central shaft hole is formed in the shaft face of the rotating shaft (3); the flange of the flange shaft (6) is fixed with the end face of the non-transmission end of the rotating shaft (3), the flange shaft (6) and the rotating shaft (3) are coaxial, and a signal line through hole is formed in the flange of the flange shaft (6); the slip ring fixing frame (9) is fixed on the permanent magnet synchronous motor body non-transmission end cover (8); a stator of the slip ring (7) is fixed on the slip ring fixing frame (9), and a rotor of the slip ring (7) is fixed with the flange shaft (6), so that the rotating shaft (3), the flange shaft (6) and the rotor of the slip ring (7) synchronously rotate; a signal wire (5) of the temperature sensor is led out through the inclined hole, the central shaft hole and the signal wire through hole and is connected with a rotor lead-out wire of the slip ring (7); a stator outgoing line of the slip ring (7) is connected with a temperature polling instrument (10), and the temperature polling instrument (10) obtains and displays the temperature of a temperature measuring point;
bearing inner ring temperature measuring points are distributed on the end face of the non-transmission end of the rotating shaft (3), threaded holes are drilled in the bearing inner ring temperature measuring points, a temperature sensor (4) for collecting the temperature of the bearing inner ring is fixed in the threaded holes of the bearing inner ring temperature measuring points through threaded connection, and a signal wire (5) of the temperature sensor at the position of the bearing inner ring is directly connected with a rotor outgoing line of the sliding ring (7).
2. The PMSM with rotor temperature measuring device according to claim 1, characterized in that temperature measuring points are distributed on the end faces of the rotor core (2) and the rotor permanent magnet (1) at both ends of the rotor.
3. The PMSM with the rotor temperature measuring device according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the temperature measuring points on the end faces of the rotor core (2) and the rotor permanent magnet (1) of the PMSM body are distributed as follows: two temperature measuring points (S5, S6) are radially distributed on the end face of the first rotor permanent magnet, one measuring point (S1) is distributed on the end face of the second rotor permanent magnet, the radial position of the temperature measuring point (S1) is the same as that of one temperature measuring point (S5) on the end face of the first rotor permanent magnet, three temperature measuring points (S2, S3, S4) with different radial positions are distributed on the first radial direction of the end face of the rotor core (2), one temperature measuring point (S7) is radially distributed on the second radial direction, and the radial position of the temperature measuring point (S7) is the same as that of one temperature measuring point (S3) on the first radial direction.
4. The PMSM with the rotor temperature measuring device according to claim 3, wherein the central shaft hole on the rotating shaft (3) is a blind hole, and the hole opening of the blind hole is expanded with steps.
5. The PMSM with rotor temperature measuring device according to claim 4, characterized in that the flange of the flange shaft (6) is matched with the hole opening of the blind hole by a spigot.
6. The PMSM with rotor temperature measuring device according to claim 5, characterized in that the probe of the temperature sensor (4) is coated with heat conducting glue.
7. The PMSM with rotor temperature measuring device according to claim 6, characterized in that the slip ring (7) is a multi-loop slip ring.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202011055041.2A CN112242780B (en) | 2020-09-29 | 2020-09-29 | Permanent magnet synchronous motor with rotor temperature measuring device |
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| CN202011055041.2A CN112242780B (en) | 2020-09-29 | 2020-09-29 | Permanent magnet synchronous motor with rotor temperature measuring device |
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| CN112242780A CN112242780A (en) | 2021-01-19 |
| CN112242780B true CN112242780B (en) | 2022-04-12 |
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Families Citing this family (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN113155312B (en) * | 2021-01-22 | 2023-02-24 | 华北电力大学（保定） | Device and method for measuring temperature of motor rotor |
| CN113125026A (en) * | 2021-04-02 | 2021-07-16 | 上海卓荃电子科技有限公司 | Motor rotor temperature measurement system, method for detecting motor rotor temperature and application |
| CN113676000A (en) * | 2021-07-15 | 2021-11-19 | 东风电驱动系统有限公司 | Permanent magnet synchronous motor rotor temperature detection device |
| CN113937961A (en) * | 2021-10-22 | 2022-01-14 | 上海汽车变速器有限公司 | Temperature measurement system of motor |
| CN114485977A (en) * | 2021-12-29 | 2022-05-13 | 中车永济电机有限公司 | Simulation device and method for measuring temperature distribution of motor bearing |
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