CN112239273B - Artificial activated sludge of pharmaceutical wastewater biochemical system, preparation method and application - Google Patents

Artificial activated sludge of pharmaceutical wastewater biochemical system, preparation method and application Download PDF

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CN112239273B
CN112239273B CN202011080282.2A CN202011080282A CN112239273B CN 112239273 B CN112239273 B CN 112239273B CN 202011080282 A CN202011080282 A CN 202011080282A CN 112239273 B CN112239273 B CN 112239273B
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苏强
邹晓凤
赵伟
祁振
马坤
谭心
王建国
李秋城
憨化景
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Environmental Engineering Co ltd Shandong Academy Of Environmental Science
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Abstract

The invention provides artificial activated sludge of a pharmaceutical wastewater biochemical system, which comprises 60 to 70 parts by weight of activated carbon carrier, 0.1 to 0.2 part by weight of aqueous polyurethane fiber, 0.2 to 0.5 part by weight of water-insoluble polysaccharide and 30 to 40 parts by weight of microbial solution, wherein the concentration of the microbial solution is 5.0 to 8.0 multiplied by 10 8 cfu/mL. The activated sludge can obviously improve the operation stability of a biochemical system and improve the shock resistance of the system. Compared with the prior art, the COD removal rate is improved by 10-15%, the ammonia nitrogen removal rate is improved by more than 50%, and the sludge discharge of the system is reduced by more than 90%.

Description

Artificial activated sludge of pharmaceutical wastewater biochemical system, preparation method and application
Technical Field
The invention relates to artificial activated sludge of a pharmaceutical wastewater biochemical system, a preparation method and application thereof, belonging to the technical field of pharmaceutical wastewater treatment.
Technical Field
Compared with other industries, the pharmaceutical industry has the characteristics of complex raw material components, various production processes, various product types and the like. The pharmaceutical wastewater has high pollutant content, high toxicity, poor biodegradability and large change of water quality and water quantity, and is one of industrial wastewater which is difficult to treat. The activated sludge process mainly uses the combined action of bacteria, fungi and protozoa and metazoans in the activated sludge to oxidize and decompose organic matters in the wastewater into carbon dioxide and water, thereby reducing the concentration of the organic matters. Because the biological toxicity of the pharmaceutical wastewater is higher than that of other types of wastewater, the existing biological pharmaceutical wastewater treatment generally adopts a pretreatment and activated sludge method, the wastewater enters a biochemical system after pretreatment, and the pollutant degradation effect is improved by improving the retention time of the wastewater, prolonging the sludge age and the like. Generally, the concentration of sludge in the pharmaceutical wastewater is controlled to be 2000-6000 mg/L according to the concentration of pollutants and the biological toxicity condition of the wastewater, the reflux ratio of the sludge is 100-200%, and the retention time of the wastewater is 2 d-30 d.
The activated sludge method has main organisms mainly including bacteria, fungi, actinomycetes, protozoa, metazoan and the like, and forms a balanced ecological system together. Wherein the bacteria in the activated sludge are divided into two categories in the formation of the sludge structure: one kind of bacteria secretes exopolysaccharide, and a zooglea prototype is formed through the viscosity of the exopolysaccharide; the other type of bacteria is filamentous and is inserted into the zoogloea to form a framework of the activated sludge so as to ensure the floc strength and the sedimentation performance of the sludge. For ordinary wastewater, zoogloea formed by bacteria can be stabilized in an activated sludge system to play a role; however, for pharmaceutical wastewater with high biological toxicity and poor pollutant degradability, especially amide pharmaceutical wastewater, the viability of bacteria is poor, zoogloea is loose, filamentous bacteria are easy to break, so that an activated sludge system is fragile and easy to disintegrate, and the system is poor in stability and difficult to bear the impact of factors such as water quality, water quantity, temperature and pH.
Due to the above problems, it is necessary to perform sludge replenishment for a long time to maintain the operation of the biochemical system when activated sludge is used for degradation. Moreover, due to low biochemical efficiency and rising of effluent indexes caused by sludge decomposition, the pharmaceutical wastewater biochemical system is difficult to obtain a satisfactory organic matter removing effect, and the concentration of the organic matters in the effluent of the treated pharmaceutical wastewater is often difficult to meet the discharge requirement.
Chinese patent document CN 104342428A (201410524851.6) discloses an artificial zoogloea, wherein 5-15 parts of a first polymer matrix; 5-10 parts of a second polymer matrix; 10-50 parts of a third polymerization matrix; 3-5 parts of a toughening agent; 25-50 parts of zoogloea skeleton; 1-5 parts of a first adsorbent; 25-50 parts of a second adsorbent; 300-600 parts of deionized water; 30-50 parts of bioactive components; wherein the first polymeric substrate is an acid-resistant water-soluble plant polysaccharide; the second polymeric matrix is alkali-resistant water-soluble plant polysaccharide; the third polymeric matrix is gelatin; the toughening agent is starch; the zoogloea skeleton is made of high polymer resin; the first adsorbent is activated carbon powder; the second adsorbent is sodium bentonite. The acid-resistant water-soluble plant polysaccharide is any one of agar, sodium alginate and pectin. However, the patent adopts water-soluble polysaccharide and gelatin as substrates, the water-soluble polysaccharide has the property that the water-soluble polysaccharide cannot promote and support the growth of microorganisms for a long time, so that the zoogloea cannot stably grow for a long time, and particularly, the service cycle of the pharmaceutical wastewater containing biotoxicity is too short; gelatin as a polymeric matrix also covers and blocks the adsorbent, affecting the oxygen-dissolving effect of the zoogloea.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides artificial activated sludge of a pharmaceutical wastewater biochemical system, a preparation method and application thereof, aiming at solving the problems of loose activated sludge zoogloea structure, easy breakage of filamentous bacteria, low impact resistance of activated sludge and easy disintegration of the existing activated sludge. The invention relates to artificial activated sludge of a pharmaceutical wastewater biochemical system, which is characterized in that microbial flora with a pollutant degradation function, waterborne polyurethane fiber and water-insoluble polysaccharide are loaded on the surface of a biochar-based carrier, white-rot fungus water-insoluble polysaccharide is sprayed into a mixture of the biochar carrier and the waterborne polyurethane fiber, a fixed net structure taking activated carbon as sclerotium is formed by utilizing the strong adsorption effect of biochar and the viscosity of the polysaccharide, and mixed bacteria liquid of strains such as denitrifying alcalidavorax, microfilaria, nitrospirillum, nitrosomonas, white-rot fungus, aquatic comamonas, pseudomonas, rhinemia, bacillus megaterium, bacillus licheniformis and the like is sprayed on the surface of the carrier to form artificial activated sludge particles taking activated carbon as sclerotium, waterborne polyurethane fiber as a framework and functional bacteria as a degradation main body. The water-insoluble polysaccharide is used as a slow-release nutrient and a binder to continuously provide nutrition for functional bacteria, the strains such as denitrifying alcaliophila, aquatic comamonas, pseudomonas, rhinemia, bacillus megaterium, bacillus licheniformis and the like survive and propagate in wastewater to form Extracellular Polymer (EPS), the extracellular polymer and the waterborne polyurethane fiber are attached to an activated carbon carrier, and meanwhile, the microfilament grows and propagates and is wound on the activated carbon carrier to ensure the long-term stable structure of the artificial activated sludge. The activated sludge is artificially constructed, so that functional bacteria survive on the activated carbon carrier to degrade pollutants, the activity can be maintained for a long time, the stability of biochemical treatment of pharmaceutical wastewater is improved, and the problem that the conventional activated sludge is easy to disintegrate is solved.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
the artificial activated sludge of the pharmaceutical wastewater biochemical system is characterized by comprising 60-70 parts by weight of activated carbon carrier, 0.1-0.2 part by weight of waterborne polyurethane fiber, 0.2-0.5 part by weight of water-insoluble polysaccharide and 30-40 parts by weight of microbial solution, wherein the concentration of the microbial solution is 5.0-8.0 multiplied by 10 8 cfu/mL。
Preferably, the activated carbon carrier is wood activated carbon, more preferably coconut shell activated carbon powder, and the particle size is 100-300 meshes.
Preferably, the diameter of the waterborne polyurethane fiber is 0.5-1 μm, and the length is 50-200 μm; the reason for selecting the water-based polyurethane fiber is that the water-based polyurethane fiber has good hydrophilic effect and strong wear resistance; if the size of the waterborne polyurethane is too large, the waterborne polyurethane is not easy to be combined with an activated carbon carrier, and if the size of the waterborne polyurethane is too small, the support effect is not easy to form.
Preferably, the water-insoluble polysaccharide is extracted from white rot fungi. The extraction method of polysaccharide is the same as that of polysaccharide of Grifola frondosa and polysaccharide of Lentinus Edodes.
The extraction method of the water-insoluble polysaccharide comprises the following steps: extracting mycelium powder of white rot fungi with 85% ethanol under reflux for 3 times, centrifuging, and removing lipid components. Extracting defatted sample obtained by drying at 40 deg.C under reduced pressure with distilled water under reflux for three times, extracting the centrifuged residue with 10% NaOH at 4 deg.C for 2 times, centrifuging, neutralizing the supernatant with glacial acetic acid, centrifuging, repeating for 3 times, mixing the precipitates, washing with water, acetone and diethyl ether, and drying at 40 deg.C under reduced pressure to obtain white rot fungus water-insoluble polysaccharide.
Preferably, the microbial flora loaded on the surface of the carrier comprises strains of alicyclobacillus denitrificans, microfilaria, nitrospirillum, nitrosomonas, white rot fungi, comamonas aquaticus, pseudomonas, rhinemia, bacillus megaterium and bacillus licheniformis. More preferably, the nitrogen-removed alicyclic bacteria (0.8-1.2). Times.10 8 cfu/mL, micromycelial (1.8-2.2). Times.10 7 cfu/mL, nitrospira (0.8-1.2). Times.10 6 cfu/mL, nitrosomonas (0.8-1.2). Times.10 6 cfu/mL, white rot fungus (4.8-5.2) x 10 6 cfu/mL, comamonas aquaticus (4.8-5.2). Times.10 8 cfu/mL, pseudomonas (4.8-5.2). Times.10 9 cfu/mL, 1.8-2.2 times 10 of rhinestone bacteria 7 cfu/mL, bacillus megaterium (0.8-1.2). Times.10 9 cfu/mL, bacillus licheniformis (0.8-1.2). Times.10 9 cfu/mL。
According to the invention, the white rot fungi can promote the activity of the Nitrospira and Nitrosomonas, and can improve the removal rate of ammonia nitrogen in a biochemical system. The water-insoluble polysaccharide extracted from the white rot fungi can promote the extracellular viscous polysaccharide production and growth of other bacteria, is beneficial to the long-term and stable production of zoogloea in the amide-containing organic pharmaceutical wastewater, and realizes zero sludge discharge of a biochemical system.
The invention also provides a preparation method of the artificial activated sludge of the pharmaceutical wastewater biochemical system, which is characterized in that,
(1) Uniformly mixing 60-70 parts by weight of activated carbon powder and 0.1-0.2 part by weight of waterborne polyurethane fiber;
(2) Dissolving 0.2-0.5 weight part of water-insoluble polysaccharide by 95% industrial alcohol, spraying the solution on the surface of the mixed carrier, uniformly stirring and airing;
(3) Mixing 30-40 parts by weight of bacterial liquid with a particle carrier to obtain loose powdery solid with the water content of 30-40%, namely the artificial activated sludge of the pharmaceutical wastewater biochemical system, and storing the solid in a low-temperature closed manner.
Low temperature means 4 ℃.
Preferably, the amount of alcohol is 5 to 10 parts.
The invention also provides application of the artificial activated sludge in treatment of pharmaceutical wastewater containing amide herbicides, in particular application in treatment of wastewater containing acetochlor herbicides.
Preferably, the method for treating pharmaceutical wastewater by using activated sludge comprises the following steps:
(1) Adding artificial activated sludge into an aeration biochemical system, adding the artificial activated sludge according to the effective volume of a biochemical pool, wherein the adding amount is 6000-8000 mg/L, and adding the artificial activated sludge into the system within one week without water feeding and water discharging;
(2) In the initial feeding stage, 10% of fermented flour solution is fed into the system every day, the feeding amount is 200mg/L, and the fermented flour solution is continuously fed for one week so as to activate a microorganism system fed into the artificial activated sludge;
(3) Starting an activated sludge reflux system after one week, setting the sludge reflux ratio to be 100-200%, adding a sludge digestion tank after an aerobic tank working section, wherein the operating conditions of the biochemical system are as follows: the hydrolysis acidification pool stays for 12 hours, the aerobic pool stays for 48 hours, the dissolved oxygen is controlled to be 2.0-5.0 mg/L, the sludge in the secondary sedimentation pool enters the sludge digestion pool, the dissolved oxygen is controlled to be 0.5-2 mg/L, the staying time is 72 hours, and the redundant newly generated sludge generated by the biochemical system is digested by the self digestion function of the activated sludge; during the operation period of the system after the artificial activated sludge is added, the biochemical system does not discharge sludge except a small amount of chemical sludge discharged by the pretreatment section.
Preferably, the preparation method of the fermented flour solution comprises the following steps: 10 percent of flour suspension is prepared, stirred and aerated for 24 hours.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
the invention takes the active carbon as a carrier; the waterborne polyurethane fiber is used as aggregate to form a net-shaped skeleton structure and is not easy to break and disintegrate; the water-insoluble polysaccharide is used as a nutrient substance and a binder, slowly releases nutrition and promotes the growth of microorganisms in the carrier; and the artificial activated sludge which is not easy to disintegrate and has stable performance is formed by the artificial activated sludge and the load flora.
According to the invention, a toughening agent is not required to be added to maintain the form of the zoogloea and improve the strength of the zoogloea, the good form and strength of the zoogloea can be maintained through the adhesion effect of the white rot fungi water-insoluble polysaccharide in the initial stage, and the white rot fungi water-insoluble polysaccharide slowly releases nutrition to promote other bacteria and white rot fungi to generate extracellular polysaccharide after long-term use so as to continuously maintain the form of the zoogloea.
Ordinary activated sludge is easy to disintegrate in zoogloea under the biotoxicity action of pharmaceutical wastewater for a long time, so that the sludge is dispersed and can not be settled, and is discharged out of a biochemical system along with discharged water. The activated sludge constructed by the invention takes the activated carbon as the sclerotium, and microorganisms are attached to the activated carbon, so that the activated sludge has better settleability than common activated sludge, can be always remained in a system and is not easy to disintegrate.
The activated sludge can obviously improve the operation stability of a biochemical system and improve the shock resistance of the system. Compared with the prior art, the COD removal rate is improved by 10-15%, the ammonia nitrogen removal rate is improved by more than 50%, and the overall sludge discharge of the system is reduced by more than 90%.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a process for treating sewage by activated sludge according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a graph comparing the growth state of zoogles of examples of the present invention and comparative examples.
Detailed Description
The technical solution of the present invention is further illustrated by the following examples. The raw materials and strains used in the present invention are commercially available products unless otherwise specified.
Wherein, the fungus liquid includes: denitrifying Alicyclophilic bacterium 1.0X 10 8 cfu/mL, micromyceliophthora 2.0X 10 7 cfu/mL, nitrospira 1.0X 10 6 cfu/mL, nitrosomonas 1.0X 10 6 cfu/mL, white rot fungus 5.0X 10 6 cfu/mL, comamonas aquaticus 5.0X 10 8 cfu/mL, pseudomonas 5.0X 10 9 cfu/mL, 2.0X 10 of Salmonella reinhardtii 7 cfu/mL, bacillus megaterium 1.0X 10 9 cfu/mL, bacillus licheniformis 1.0X 10 9 cfu/mL。
The water-insoluble polysaccharide is extracted from white rot fungi, and the extraction method of the polysaccharide comprises the following steps: extracting mycelium powder of white rot fungi with 85% ethanol under reflux for 3 times, centrifuging, and removing lipid components. Extracting defatted sample obtained by drying under reduced pressure at 40 deg.C with distilled water under reflux for three times, extracting the residue after centrifugation with 10% NaOH at 4 deg.C for 2 times, centrifuging, neutralizing the supernatant with glacial acetic acid, centrifuging, repeating for 3 times, mixing the precipitates, washing with water, acetone, and diethyl ether, and drying under reduced pressure at 40 deg.C to obtain white rot fungus water insoluble polysaccharide.
The diameter of the waterborne polyurethane fiber is 0.5-1 μm, the length is 50-200 μm, and the waterborne polyurethane fiber is purchased from Hebei Jieshan chemical fiber company Limited.
Coconut shell activated carbon powder with the particle size of 100-300 meshes is purchased from Xuzhou Tianzheng activated carbon factories.
Example 1
An artificial activated sludge of a pharmaceutical wastewater biochemical system and a preparation method thereof comprise the following steps:
(1) Uniformly mixing 60 parts by weight of coconut shell activated carbon powder and 0.1 part by weight of waterborne polyurethane fiber to obtain a mixed carrier I;
(2) Dissolving 0.2 weight part of water-insoluble polysaccharide extracted from white rot fungi in 5 weight parts of 95% industrial alcohol, spraying on the surface of the mixed carrier I, stirring uniformly, and air drying to obtain a mixed carrier II;
(3) And (3) uniformly mixing 40 parts by weight of the bacterial liquid with the mixed carrier II to obtain loose powdery solid with the water content of 39.5%, namely the artificial activated sludge of the pharmaceutical wastewater biochemical system, and storing the solid in a low-temperature closed position.
Example 2
An artificial activated sludge of a pharmaceutical wastewater biochemical system and a preparation method thereof comprise the following steps:
(1) Uniformly mixing 70 parts by weight of coconut shell activated carbon powder and 0.2 part by weight of waterborne polyurethane fiber to obtain a mixed carrier I;
(2) Dissolving 0.5 weight part of water-insoluble polysaccharide extracted from white rot fungi in 10 weight parts of 95% industrial alcohol, spraying on the surface of the mixed carrier I, stirring uniformly, and air drying to obtain a mixed carrier II;
(3) And (3) uniformly mixing 5 parts by weight of the bacterial liquid with a mixed carrier II to obtain loose powdery solid with the water content of 6.5%, namely the artificial activated sludge of the pharmaceutical wastewater biochemical system, and hermetically storing at low temperature.
Example 3
An artificial activated sludge of a pharmaceutical wastewater biochemical system and a preparation method thereof comprise the following steps:
(1) Uniformly mixing 60 parts by weight of coconut shell activated carbon powder and 0.15 part by weight of waterborne polyurethane fiber to obtain a mixed carrier I;
(2) Dissolving 0.3 weight part of water-insoluble polysaccharide extracted from white rot fungi in 8 weight parts of 95% industrial alcohol, spraying the solution on the surface of the mixed carrier I, stirring uniformly, and airing to obtain a mixed carrier II;
(3) And (3) uniformly mixing 35 parts by weight of the bacterial liquid with the mixed carrier II to obtain loose powdery solid with the water content of 36.0%, namely the artificial activated sludge of the pharmaceutical wastewater biochemical system, and storing the solid in a low-temperature closed manner.
Comparative example 1
An artificial activated sludge of a pharmaceutical wastewater biochemical system and a preparation method thereof comprise the following steps:
(1) Uniformly mixing 60 parts by weight of coconut shell activated carbon powder and 0.1 part by weight of waterborne polyurethane fiber to obtain a mixed carrier I;
(2) Dissolving 0.2 part by weight of water-soluble polysaccharide sodium alginate in 5 parts by weight of 95% industrial alcohol, spraying the solution on the surface of the mixed carrier I, uniformly stirring and airing to obtain a mixed carrier II;
(3) And (3) uniformly mixing 40 parts by weight of the bacterial liquid with the mixed carrier II to obtain loose powdery solid with the water content of 39.5%, namely the artificial activated sludge of the pharmaceutical wastewater biochemical system, and storing the solid in a low-temperature closed manner.
Comparative example 2
An artificial activated sludge of a pharmaceutical wastewater biochemical system and a preparation method thereof comprise the following steps:
(1) Uniformly mixing 60 parts by weight of coconut shell activated carbon powder and 0.1 part by weight of waterborne polyurethane fiber to obtain a mixed carrier I;
(2) Dissolving 0.2 part by weight of water-insoluble polysaccharide cellulose in 5 parts by weight of 95% industrial alcohol, spraying the solution on the surface of the mixed carrier I, uniformly stirring the solution, and airing the solution to obtain a mixed carrier II;
(3) And (3) uniformly mixing 40 parts by weight of the bacterial liquid with the mixed carrier II to obtain loose powdery solid with the water content of 39.5%, namely the artificial activated sludge of the pharmaceutical wastewater biochemical system, and storing the solid in a low-temperature closed manner.
Comparative example 3
An artificial activated sludge of a pharmaceutical wastewater biochemical system and a preparation method thereof comprise the following steps:
(1) Uniformly mixing 60 parts by weight of coconut shell activated carbon powder and 0.1 part by weight of waterborne polyurethane fiber to obtain a mixed carrier I;
(2) Dissolving 0.2 weight part of water-insoluble polysaccharide (extracted from lentinus edodes) by using 5 weight parts of 95% industrial alcohol, spraying the solution on the surface of the mixed carrier I, uniformly stirring the solution, and airing the solution to obtain a mixed carrier II;
(3) And (3) uniformly mixing 40 parts by weight of the bacterial liquid with the mixed carrier II to obtain loose powdery solid with the water content of 39.5%, namely the artificial activated sludge of the pharmaceutical wastewater biochemical system, and hermetically storing at low temperature.
The method for extracting the water-insoluble polysaccharide from the shiitake mushroom comprises the following steps: extracting Lentinus Edodes mycelium powder with 85% ethanol under reflux for 3 times, centrifuging, and removing lipid component. Extracting defatted sample obtained by drying under reduced pressure at 40 deg.C with distilled water under reflux for three times, extracting the centrifuged residue with 10% NaOH at 4 deg.C for 2 times, centrifuging, neutralizing the supernatant with glacial acetic acid, centrifuging, repeating for 3 times, mixing the precipitates, washing with water, acetone and diethyl ether, and drying under reduced pressure at 40 deg.C to obtain water-insoluble polysaccharide of Lentinus Edodes.
Comparative example 4
An artificial activated sludge of a pharmaceutical wastewater biochemical system and a preparation method thereof comprise the following steps:
(1) Uniformly mixing 60 parts by weight of coconut shell activated carbon powder and 0.1 part by weight of polyvinyl alcohol fiber (the polyvinyl alcohol fiber is a fiber with the monofilament diameter of 15 mu m and the length of 50-200 mu m) to obtain a mixed carrier I;
(2) Dissolving 0.2 weight part of water-insoluble polysaccharide extracted from white rot fungi in 5 weight parts of 95% industrial alcohol, spraying the solution on the surface of the mixed carrier I, stirring uniformly, and airing to obtain a mixed carrier II;
(3) And (3) uniformly mixing 40 parts by weight of the bacterial liquid with the mixed carrier II to obtain loose powdery solid with the water content of 39.5%, namely the artificial activated sludge of the pharmaceutical wastewater biochemical system, and storing the solid in a low-temperature closed manner.
Polyvinyl alcohol fibers were purchased from south china jacobia textile fiber products, ltd.
Comparative example 5
An artificial activated sludge of a pharmaceutical wastewater biochemical system and a preparation method thereof comprise the following steps:
(1) Uniformly mixing 60 parts by weight of coconut shell activated carbon powder and 0.1 part by weight of aqueous polyurethane dispersoid (the particle size is 10-50 mu m) to obtain a mixed carrier I;
(2) Dissolving 0.2 weight part of water-insoluble polysaccharide extracted from white rot fungi in 5 weight parts of 95% industrial alcohol, spraying the solution on the surface of the mixed carrier I, stirring uniformly, and airing to obtain a mixed carrier II;
(3) And (3) uniformly mixing 40 parts by weight of the bacterial liquid with the mixed carrier II to obtain loose powdery solid with the water content of 39.5%, namely the artificial activated sludge of the pharmaceutical wastewater biochemical system, and hermetically storing at low temperature.
Aqueous polyurethane dispersions were purchased from kostew polymers (china) ltd.
Test examples
The activated sludge obtained in examples 1 to 3 and comparative examples 1 to 5 was used to treat wastewater from a pharmaceutical factory according to the process shown in FIG. 1, and some of the indices of the wastewater before treatment are shown in Table 1.
TABLE 1
Figure BDA0002718292710000081
The method for treating the wastewater comprises the following steps:
(1) Adding artificial activated sludge into an aeration biochemical tank in a pilot-scale system, adding according to the effective volume of the biochemical tank, wherein the adding amount is 7000mg/L, and adding the activated sludge into the system within one week without water feeding and water discharging;
(2) In the initial feeding stage, 10% of fermented flour solution is fed into the system every day, the feeding amount is 50mg/L, and the fermented flour solution is continuously fed for one week so as to activate a microorganism system fed into the artificial activated sludge; the preparation method of the fermented flour solution comprises the following steps: 10 percent of flour suspension is prepared, stirred and aerated for 24 hours.
(3) Starting an activated sludge reflux system after one week, setting the sludge reflux ratio to be 150%, adding a sludge digestion tank after the aerobic tank section, wherein the operating conditions of the biochemical system are as follows: the hydrolysis acidification pool stays for 12 hours, the aerobic pool stays for 48 hours, the dissolved oxygen is controlled to be 2.0-5.0 mg/L, the sludge of the secondary sedimentation pool enters the sludge digestion pool, the dissolved oxygen is controlled to be 0.5-2 mg/L, the staying time is 72 hours, and the redundant newly generated sludge generated by the biochemical system is digested by the self digestion function of the activated sludge; and during the operation period of the system after the artificial activated sludge is added, the system does not discharge sludge. And after the system runs for two weeks, taking activated sludge in the aerobic tank for microscopic observation, and simultaneously measuring SS, COD and ammonia nitrogen values of effluent.
After two weeks of operation as described above, the growth and effluent indicators of the zoogloea are shown in FIGS. 2 and 2:
TABLE 2
Figure BDA0002718292710000091
Figure BDA0002718292710000101
As can be seen from Table 2, the COD reduction rates of the wastewater treated by the artificial activated sludge of example 1 and comparative examples 1 to 3 were 86.5%, 67.2%, 55.7% and 73.9%, respectively, indicating that the activated sludge of the present invention has a better wastewater degradation effect. After 5 times of biochemical treatment using the activated sludge, the COD removal rates of the activated sludge of comparative examples 1-3 were only 30.5%, 28.6%, 34.5%, but the COD removal rate of the activated sludge of example 1 could still reach 80%. The activated sludge obtained by the invention has the advantage of long-term stable use.
Fig. 2a, 2b, 2c, 2d show the growth of zooglea of example 1, example 2, comparative example 2 and comparative example 3, respectively.
From the values of SS and the growth of zooglea, it can be seen that the water-soluble polysaccharides, water-insoluble cellulose and water-insoluble polysaccharides extracted from Lentinus edodes are not as effective in stabilizing the zooglea structure as the water-insoluble polysaccharides extracted from white rot fungi. And the water-insoluble polysaccharide extracted from the white rot fungi can promote bacteria to produce extracellular polysaccharide to a certain extent, thereby promoting the growth of the bacteria, maintaining the stability of zoogloea and improving the removal rate of ammonia nitrogen.
The stability of the artificial activated sludge taking the polyvinyl alcohol fibers and the waterborne polyurethane particles as the framework is poor, and a stable three-dimensional reticular framework structure cannot be formed, so that the growth and the stability of zoogloea are influenced.

Claims (11)

1. The artificial activated sludge of the pharmaceutical wastewater biochemical system is characterized by comprising 60 to 70 parts by weight of activated carbon, 0.1 to 0.2 part by weight of waterborne polyurethane fiber, 0.2 to 0.5 part by weight of water-insoluble polysaccharide and 30 to 40 parts by weight of microbial solution, wherein the concentration of the microbial solution is 5.0 to 8.0 multiplied by 10 8 cfu/mL, the water-insoluble polysaccharide is extracted from white rot fungi.
2. The artificial activated sludge according to claim 1, wherein the activated carbon carrier is wood activated carbon.
3. The artificial activated sludge according to claim 2, wherein the activated carbon carrier is coconut shell activated carbon powder with a particle size of 100-300 meshes.
4. The artificial activated sludge according to claim 1, wherein the aqueous polyurethane fiber has a diameter of 0.5 to 1 μm and a length of 50 to 200 μm.
5. The artificial activated sludge according to claim 1, wherein the microbial flora supported on the surface of the carrier comprises strains of alicyclobacillus denitrificans, microfilaria, nitrospira, nitrosomonas, white rot fungi, comamonas aquaticus, pseudomonas, himmeliella reinhardtii, bacillus megaterium, and Bacillus licheniformis.
6. The artificial activated sludge according to claim 5, wherein the alicyclic-philic bacteria (0.8 to 1.2) x 10 is denitrified 8 cfu/mL, micromyceliophthora (1.8-2.2). Times.10 7 cfu/mL, nitrospira (0.8-1.2). Times.10 6 cfu/mL, nitrosomonas (0.8-1.2). Times.10 6 cfu/mL, white rot fungus (4.8-5.2) x 10 6 cfu/mL, comamonas aquaticus (4.8-5.2). Times.10 8 cfu/mL, pseudomonas (4.8-5.2). Times.10 9 cfu/mL, 1.8-2.2 times 10 of rhinestone bacteria 7 cfu/mL, bacillus megaterium (0.8-1.2). Times.10 9 cfu/mL, bacillus licheniformis (0.8-1.2) x 10 9 cfu/mL。
7. The method for producing artificial activated sludge according to any one of claims 1 to 6, comprising the steps of:
(1) Uniformly mixing 60-70 parts by weight of activated carbon powder and 0.1-0.2 part by weight of waterborne polyurethane fiber;
(2) Dissolving 0.2-0.5 weight part of water-insoluble polysaccharide by 95% industrial alcohol, spraying the solution on the surface of the mixed carrier, uniformly stirring and airing;
(3) And (3) mixing 30-40 parts by weight of microbial liquid with the carrier obtained in the step (2) to obtain loose powdery solid with the water content of 30-40%, namely the artificial activated sludge of the pharmaceutical wastewater biochemical system, and storing the solid in a closed manner at low temperature.
8. The method for preparing artificial activated sludge according to claim 7, wherein the low temperature in step (3) is 4 ℃.
9. Use of the artificial activated sludge according to any one of claims 1 to 6 or the artificial activated sludge prepared by the method according to any one of claims 7 to 8 for treating pharmaceutical wastewater containing amide herbicides.
10. Use of the artificial activated sludge according to any one of claims 1 to 6 or the artificial activated sludge prepared by the method according to any one of claims 7 to 8 for treating acetochlor herbicide-containing wastewater.
11. The method for treating pharmaceutical wastewater by using the artificial activated sludge according to any one of claims 1 to 6 or the artificial activated sludge prepared by the method according to any one of claims 7 to 8, comprising the steps of:
(1) Adding artificial activated sludge into an aeration biochemical system, adding the artificial activated sludge according to the effective volume of a biochemical pool, wherein the adding amount is 6000-8000 mg/L, and adding the artificial activated sludge into the system within one week without water feeding and water discharging;
(2) In the initial feeding stage, 10% of fermented flour solution is fed into the system every day, the feeding amount is 200mg/L, and the fermented flour solution is continuously fed for one week so as to activate a microorganism system fed into the artificial activated sludge;
(3) Starting an activated sludge reflux system after one week, setting the sludge reflux ratio to be 100-200%, adding a sludge digestion tank after an aerobic tank working section, wherein the operating conditions of the biochemical system are as follows: the hydrolysis acidification pool stays for 12 hours, the aerobic pool stays for 48 hours, the dissolved oxygen is controlled to be 2.0-5.0 mg/L, the sludge of the secondary sedimentation pool enters the sludge digestion pool, the dissolved oxygen is controlled to be 0.5-2 mg/L, the staying time is 72 hours, and the redundant newly generated sludge generated by the biochemical system is digested by the self digestion function of the activated sludge; during the operation period of the system after the artificial activated sludge is added, the biochemical system does not discharge sludge except chemical sludge discharged in the pretreatment stage.
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