CN112238331A - Method for processing aluminum alloy car body long and large section notch - Google Patents
Method for processing aluminum alloy car body long and large section notch Download PDFInfo
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- CN112238331A CN112238331A CN202011047103.5A CN202011047103A CN112238331A CN 112238331 A CN112238331 A CN 112238331A CN 202011047103 A CN202011047103 A CN 202011047103A CN 112238331 A CN112238331 A CN 112238331A
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Abstract
The invention relates to a method for processing a notch of a long and large section of an aluminum alloy car body, which belongs to the technical field of processing the notch of the long and large section of the aluminum alloy car body. On the premise of ensuring the machining efficiency, not increasing the machining cost and changing the machining tool, the occurrence rate of defects is reduced, quality feedback and repair processes with customers are reduced, efficiency is improved, consumption is reduced, and the cost is saved. The method is simple and feasible, the defects of knife jumping, cracks and the like are not easy to generate at the processed position, the method is simple, and no additional cost is generated.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a method for processing a notch of a long and large aluminum alloy vehicle body section, and belongs to the technical field of processing of notches of long and large aluminum alloy vehicle body sections.
Background
The notch/notch processing of the aluminum alloy long and large section bar in the rail transit industry is a common processing procedure, and is particularly widely used in plate cavity section bars. However, the existing processing methods all adopt a method of directly processing the head end of the notch/notch to the tail end according to the required contour, and the defects of cutter jumping, cracks and the like are easily generated at the processing position, because the internal reinforcing ribs at the processing positions at the two ends of the notch/notch have certain angles, the stress direction is always in a dynamic change state during processing at the processing position, the stress is concentrated, and when the stress exceeds the yield strength limit of the base metal, the base metal is damaged.
The existing processing technology has the defects that: when the notch/notch is milled, the defect that the reinforcing rib in the profile is cracked is easily generated, and when the defect is small, the defect needs to be repaired in a milling cutting, polishing and other modes after the consent is fed back to a customer; when the defect is large, a detailed repair scheme needs to be provided for a customer to confirm that the repair can be implemented; such defects can damage the original structure, reduce the strength and the safety, and influence the production efficiency.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects in the prior art, the invention provides a method for processing a notch of a long and large section of an aluminum alloy car body.
The technical scheme for solving the technical problems is as follows:
a method for processing a notch of a long and large section bar of an aluminum alloy car body comprises the following steps:
step 5, automatically replacing a phi 60R10 bull nose milling cutter with a boring cutter by a program control numerical control machining center, carrying out fine boring machining on a phi 79mm round hole by taking the center of a process hole as a reference, setting the cutting amount to be 0.5mm, and finally obtaining a phi 80mm round hole, namely a pre-machined hole 2; the edge of the hole does not exceed the limit positions of the two ends of the notch, and the machining of the pre-machined hole 2 is finished;
step 6, determining two position ends of two ends of the long and large section bar 1, automatically replacing a cutter by a phi 30R3 milling cutter by a numerical control machining center, setting the edge of the section bar at the end head of one position end as a machining original point, and cutting and machining a notch at one end along a cutter route set by a program; setting the edge of the section at the end head of the other position as a processing original point, and cutting and processing the notch at the other end along the cutter path set by the program;
step 7, automatically replacing a cutter by a phi 30R5 milling cutter by the numerical control machining center, machining excess materials between two ends, arranging a starting point at the part of the machined residual part close to the root of the base material, setting a linear tool path along the positive direction of the Y axis to machine an arc-shaped groove (3), and cutting the excess materials in the middle part along the tool path;
and 8, after the middle excess material is cut, machining the central groove 4, and lifting the cutter to a safe position to obtain a finished product.
Further, when the thickness of the long and large section bar 1 is large in the step 6, a small cutting amount is needed for multiple times of processing, the tool walking route can be repeated at the moment, the required profile is obtained by gradually increasing the processing depth until the profile of the section bar is completely milled completely, the processing of the part can be completed, and then the tool is lifted to a safe position.
Further, when the thickness of the long and large section 1 in the step 7 is large and the space of a processing position is small, the processing depth can be gradually increased by adopting a milling cutter, and layer-by-layer processing can be performed; when the space of the position of the excess material is large, the milling cutter of the numerical control machining center can be replaced by a cutting saw for cutting, and the machining efficiency is improved.
Further, the central groove 4 cut in the step 8 is subjected to a finish milling step, and a small amount of the base material is removed along the complete contour.
Further, the numerical control machining center is a three-axis numerical control machining center or a five-axis numerical control machining center.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: the symmetrical processing mode of processing the middle position after processing the two ends is adopted. On the premise of ensuring the machining efficiency, not increasing the machining cost and changing the machining tool, the occurrence rate of defects is reduced, quality feedback and repair processes with customers are reduced, efficiency is improved, consumption is reduced, and the cost is saved. The method is simple and feasible, the defects of knife jumping, cracks and the like are not easy to generate at the processed position, the method is simple, and no additional cost is generated.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of an unprocessed profile.
Fig. 3 is a schematic structural view of a prefabricated profile.
Fig. 4 is a schematic view of a partially processed profile.
In the figure, 1, a long and large section bar; 2. pre-processing holes; 3. an arc-shaped slot; 4. a central slot.
Detailed Description
The principles and features of this invention are described below in conjunction with the following drawings, which are set forth by way of illustration only and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention.
A method for processing a notch of a long and large section bar of an aluminum alloy car body comprises the following steps:
step 5, automatically replacing a phi 60R10 bull nose milling cutter with a boring cutter by a program control numerical control machining center, carrying out fine boring machining on a phi 79mm round hole by taking the center of a process hole as a reference, setting the cutting amount to be 0.5mm, and finally obtaining a phi 80mm round hole, namely a pre-machined hole 2; the edge of the hole does not exceed the limit positions of the two ends of the notch, and the machining of the pre-machined hole 2 is finished;
step 6, determining two position ends of two ends of the long and large section bar 1, automatically replacing a cutter by a phi 30R3 milling cutter by a numerical control machining center, setting the edge of the section bar at the end head of one position end as a machining original point, and cutting and machining a notch at one end along a cutter route set by a program; setting the edge of the section at the end head of the other position as a processing original point, and cutting and processing the notch at the other end along the cutter path set by the program;
step 7, automatically replacing a cutter by a phi 30R5 milling cutter by the numerical control machining center, machining excess materials between two ends, arranging a starting point at the part of the machined residual part close to the root of the base material, setting a linear tool path along the positive direction of the Y axis to machine an arc-shaped groove (3), and cutting the excess materials in the middle part along the tool path;
and 8, after the middle excess material is cut, machining the central groove 4, and lifting the cutter to a safe position to obtain a finished product (shown in figure 1).
And (6) when the thickness of the long and large section 1 is larger in the step (6), a small cutting amount is needed for processing for multiple times, the cutter walking route can be repeated at the moment, the required profile is obtained by gradually increasing the processing depth until the profile of the section is completely milled completely, the processing of the section can be completed, and then the cutter is lifted to a safe position.
When the thickness of the long and large section 1 is large and the space of a processing position is small in the step 7, a milling cutter can be adopted to gradually increase the processing depth, and the long and large section is processed layer by layer; when the space of the position of the excess material is large, the milling cutter of the numerical control machining center can be replaced by a cutting saw for cutting, and the machining efficiency is improved.
And (4) performing finish milling on the central groove 4 cut in the step (8), and removing a small amount of base material along the complete contour, so that the whole contour machining surface is smoother and more attractive.
The numerical control machining center is a three-axis numerical control machining center or a five-axis numerical control machining center, and can be changed into the five-axis numerical control machining center according to the type machining form and the complexity of a notch (notch).
As shown in fig. 2, the thickness of the long and large section bar 1 is 20-80 mm; can be a section bar or a plate; the processing cutter is an end milling cutter, and the length of the cutter is greater than the processing depth; the milling cutter used for processing can adopt a single-edge milling cutter, so that the chip containing space is increased; the size and the shape of the fabrication hole can be adjusted and selected according to the actual situation;
a special processing tool can be manufactured at a processing position, and the processing stress at the position is offset by means of tool support, so that the improvement effect can be generated; however, the material cost is increased when the processing tool is manufactured, the time of the processing procedure is increased when the tool is debugged and clamped, and the cost is relatively high.
The method for machining the technical holes and the symmetrical machining mode of machining the two ends first and then machining the middle position are adopted. On the premise of ensuring the machining efficiency, not increasing the machining cost and changing the machining tool, the occurrence rate of defects is reduced, quality feedback and repair processes with customers are reduced, efficiency is improved, consumption is reduced, and the cost is saved. The method is simple and feasible, the defects of knife jumping, cracks and the like are not easy to generate at the processed position, the method is simple, and no additional cost is generated. The above description is only for the purpose of illustrating the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not to be construed as limiting the invention, and any modifications, equivalents, improvements and the like that fall within the spirit and principle of the present invention are intended to be included therein.
Claims (5)
1. A method for processing a notch of a long and large section bar of an aluminum alloy car body is characterized by comprising the following steps: the method comprises the following steps:
step 1, placing the long and large section (1) for the aluminum alloy car body into a numerical control machine, positioning and then compacting;
step 2, selecting a corresponding compiling program according to the machining specification, driving a dotting probe on a main shaft handle of the machining center by the numerical control machining center to carry out three-coordinate detection, slightly touching the end face of the shaft of the section X, Y, Z by the dotting probe, uniformly distributing at least two contact points on each surface on two sides of the central line of the measured surface, identifying whether the placing state of the machined section is qualified or not according to data obtained by touching, and finally determining a machining reference;
step 3, after the benchmark setting is completed, operating a machining program, automatically replacing a dotting probe with a phi 20 drill bit by a numerical control machining center, moving the drill bit to the position above a machining position by a central main shaft according to the program and the machining benchmark, rotating the main shaft to drive the drill bit to rotate, then drilling three process holes at two ends of the long and large section bar (1) by the main shaft downwards along the Y-axis direction, and after the drilling is completed, upwards moving the main shaft to a safe position along the Y-axis direction;
step 4, automatically replacing the cutter with a phi 60R10 bull nose milling cutter by the program control machining center, moving the main shaft to the position above the fabrication hole, operating a circular hole machining program by taking the center of the fabrication hole as a reference, reaming the fabrication hole, and machining the dimension to phi 79 mm; after the process hole is expanded, lifting the milling cutter to a safe position;
step 5, automatically replacing a phi 60R10 bull nose milling cutter with a boring cutter by a program control numerical control machining center, carrying out fine boring machining on a phi 79mm round hole by taking the center of a process hole as a reference, setting the cutting amount to be 0.5mm, and finally obtaining a phi 80mm round hole, namely a pre-machined hole (2); the edge of the hole does not exceed the limit positions of the two ends of the notch, and the machining of the pre-machined hole (2) is finished;
step 6, determining two position ends at two ends of the long and large section (1), automatically replacing a cutter by a phi 30R3 milling cutter by the numerical control machining center, setting the edge of the section at the end head of one position end as a machining original point, and cutting and machining a notch at one end along a cutter route set by a program; setting the edge of the section at the end head of the other position as a processing original point, and cutting and processing the notch at the other end along the cutter path set by the program;
step 7, automatically replacing a cutter by a phi 30R5 milling cutter by the numerical control machining center, machining excess materials between two ends, arranging a starting point at the part of the machined residual part close to the root of the base material, setting a linear tool path along the positive direction of the Y axis to machine an arc-shaped groove (3), and cutting the excess materials in the middle part along the tool path;
and 8, after the middle excess material is cut, machining a central groove (4), and lifting the cutter to a safe position to obtain a finished product.
2. The method for processing the large and large section notch of the aluminum alloy car body according to claim 1, characterized in that: and (6) when the thickness of the long and large section (1) is larger in the step (6), a small cutting amount is needed for processing for multiple times, the cutter walking route can be repeated at the moment, the required profile is obtained by gradually increasing the processing depth until the profile of the section is completely milled completely, the processing of the section can be completed, and then the cutter is lifted to a safe position.
3. The method for processing the large and large section notch of the aluminum alloy car body according to claim 1, characterized in that: step 7, when the thickness of the long and large section (1) is large and the space of a processing position is small, a milling cutter can be adopted to gradually increase the processing depth, and the section is processed layer by layer; when the space of the position of the excess material is large, the milling cutter of the numerical control machining center can be replaced by a cutting saw for cutting.
4. The method for processing the large and large section notch of the aluminum alloy car body according to claim 1, characterized in that: and (4) performing finish milling on the central groove (4) cut in the step (8), and removing a small amount of base material along the complete contour.
5. The method for processing the large and large section notch of the aluminum alloy car body according to claim 1, characterized in that: the numerical control machining center is a three-axis numerical control machining center or a five-axis numerical control machining center.
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| CN202011047103.5A CN112238331B (en) | 2020-09-29 | 2020-09-29 | Method for processing aluminum alloy car body long and large section notch |
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| CN202011047103.5A CN112238331B (en) | 2020-09-29 | 2020-09-29 | Method for processing aluminum alloy car body long and large section notch |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN113211007A (en) * | 2021-04-09 | 2021-08-06 | 东莞长盈精密技术有限公司 | Metal shell, machining method thereof and electronic equipment |
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| CN102059523A (en) * | 2010-12-27 | 2011-05-18 | 宝鸡石油机械有限责任公司 | Method for processing winch frame in winch of petroleum drilling machine |
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| CN109746651A (en) * | 2019-03-18 | 2019-05-14 | 哈尔滨电机厂有限责任公司 | A kind of generator pit and end cap pin hole are the same as the processing method that drills and reams |
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| CN102059523A (en) * | 2010-12-27 | 2011-05-18 | 宝鸡石油机械有限责任公司 | Method for processing winch frame in winch of petroleum drilling machine |
| KR101728339B1 (en) * | 2016-02-05 | 2017-04-20 | 명화공업주식회사 | Manufacturing method for input shaft |
| CN107175470A (en) * | 2017-06-02 | 2017-09-19 | 中国航发南方工业有限公司 | The special-shaped deep groove processing method of titanium alloy component |
| CN108942118A (en) * | 2018-08-31 | 2018-12-07 | 江阴协圣精密科技有限公司 | Aluminum frame processing technology |
| CN109366112A (en) * | 2018-11-15 | 2019-02-22 | 宁波德豪模架有限公司 | A kind of mould bases production technology and CNC machining center |
| CN109746651A (en) * | 2019-03-18 | 2019-05-14 | 哈尔滨电机厂有限责任公司 | A kind of generator pit and end cap pin hole are the same as the processing method that drills and reams |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN113211007A (en) * | 2021-04-09 | 2021-08-06 | 东莞长盈精密技术有限公司 | Metal shell, machining method thereof and electronic equipment |
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