CN112235891A - Arc striking circuit and arc striking method for electric arc wind tunnel heater - Google Patents

Arc striking circuit and arc striking method for electric arc wind tunnel heater Download PDF

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Publication number
CN112235891A
CN112235891A CN202011209172.1A CN202011209172A CN112235891A CN 112235891 A CN112235891 A CN 112235891A CN 202011209172 A CN202011209172 A CN 202011209172A CN 112235891 A CN112235891 A CN 112235891A
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CN
China
Prior art keywords
wind tunnel
electric arc
arc
tunnel heater
power supply
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Pending
Application number
CN202011209172.1A
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Chinese (zh)
Inventor
马建平
徐克峰
吴照
李飞
汪洋
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China Academy of Aerospace Aerodynamics CAAA
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China Academy of Aerospace Aerodynamics CAAA
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Priority to CN202011209172.1A priority Critical patent/CN112235891A/en
Publication of CN112235891A publication Critical patent/CN112235891A/en
Pending legal-status Critical Current

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    • HELECTRICITY
    • H05ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05BELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B7/00Heating by electric discharge
    • H05B7/18Heating by arc discharge
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H05ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05BELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B7/00Heating by electric discharge
    • H05B7/02Details
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H05ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05HPLASMA TECHNIQUE; PRODUCTION OF ACCELERATED ELECTRICALLY-CHARGED PARTICLES OR OF NEUTRONS; PRODUCTION OR ACCELERATION OF NEUTRAL MOLECULAR OR ATOMIC BEAMS
    • H05H1/00Generating plasma; Handling plasma
    • H05H1/24Generating plasma
    • H05H1/26Plasma torches
    • H05H1/32Plasma torches using an arc
    • H05H1/34Details, e.g. electrodes, nozzles
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H05ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05HPLASMA TECHNIQUE; PRODUCTION OF ACCELERATED ELECTRICALLY-CHARGED PARTICLES OR OF NEUTRONS; PRODUCTION OR ACCELERATION OF NEUTRAL MOLECULAR OR ATOMIC BEAMS
    • H05H1/00Generating plasma; Handling plasma
    • H05H1/24Generating plasma
    • H05H1/26Plasma torches
    • H05H1/32Plasma torches using an arc
    • H05H1/34Details, e.g. electrodes, nozzles
    • H05H1/3421Transferred arc or pilot arc mode
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H05ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05HPLASMA TECHNIQUE; PRODUCTION OF ACCELERATED ELECTRICALLY-CHARGED PARTICLES OR OF NEUTRONS; PRODUCTION OR ACCELERATION OF NEUTRAL MOLECULAR OR ATOMIC BEAMS
    • H05H1/00Generating plasma; Handling plasma
    • H05H1/24Generating plasma
    • H05H1/26Plasma torches
    • H05H1/32Plasma torches using an arc
    • H05H1/34Details, e.g. electrodes, nozzles
    • H05H1/36Circuit arrangements

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Plasma & Fusion (AREA)
  • Spectroscopy & Molecular Physics (AREA)
  • Discharge Heating (AREA)

Abstract

The invention provides an arc striking circuit and an arc striking method for an electric arc wind tunnel heater, which comprise the following steps: the device comprises a rectification power supply, a control unit, an IGBT electronic switch and an electric arc wind tunnel heater; the positive electrode of the rectification power supply is connected with the positive electrode of the electric arc wind tunnel heater, the negative electrode of the rectification power supply is connected with the negative electrode of the electric arc wind tunnel heater, the control unit is in signal connection with the rectification power supply and is in control connection with the IGBT electronic switch, and the electric arc wind tunnel heater is provided with an air inlet; two or more than two pieces are arranged between the anode and the cathode of the electric arc wind tunnel heater, and two ends of each piece are correspondingly connected with one IGBT electronic switch; and two or more than two IGBT electronic switches are connected in series in sequence and then connected with the cathode of the electric arc wind tunnel heater. The invention adopts the IGBT electronic switch to replace a mechanical direct current breaking switch as a switching device, avoids the on-off action of a mechanical contact, does not generate electric arc, and greatly prolongs the service life of the device.

Description

Arc striking circuit and arc striking method for electric arc wind tunnel heater
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of power electronics, in particular to an arc striking circuit and an arc striking method for an electric arc wind tunnel heater.
Background
The working principle of the plasma arc heating device is that compressed air under certain flow and pressure is injected into an arc heater, a high-power direct-current power supply system outputs direct-current high voltage to ionize and break down gas in the heater to form plasma arc, and the arc burns to heat the air to a high-temperature state. The high-temperature gas is accelerated into high-enthalpy and high-speed gas flow through the conical nozzle so as to achieve the purposes of heating, ablation, smelting and the like, and the electric arc heater is main equipment for simulating a high-temperature thermal environment on the ground of the spacecraft.
The arc wind tunnel generally works in a vacuum environment, a heater works when the heater is full of air, but the distance between the anode and the cathode of the heater is large, and high energy is needed for directly igniting the air between the anode and the cathode.
The adoption of the direct-current section switch for arc striking has the following disadvantages
The plasma arc heating device (I) supplies power by using direct current, arc extinguishing is more difficult because direct current arc has no natural point of contact, a direct current breaking switch is a mechanical switch, the attraction of an electromagnet is controlled by a coil to enable a contact to be attracted or disconnected, and in order to ensure that the arc can be extinguished safely, the direct current breaking switch generally adopts a magnetic blow type arc extinguishing mode, the structure is complex and heavy, the breaking performance is poor, the service life is limited, and an arc extinguishing cover is easy to burn after a long time.
And (II) due to the requirement of arc extinction of the equipment, the volume of the direct-current breaking switch is generally larger, and enough safety space needs to be reserved on one side of the arc extinction chamber, so that the occupied space of the equipment is larger.
And (III) the attraction and the disconnection of the direct current breaking switch are completed by controlling the electromagnet through the coil, so that the switching speed is slow, generally within a few tenths of a second, and arc breaking can be caused in an extreme state.
Disclosure of Invention
Therefore, an object of the present invention is to provide an arc starting circuit and an arc starting method for an electric arc wind tunnel heater, which can solve the above technical problems.
The invention provides an arc striking circuit for an electric arc wind tunnel heater, which comprises: the device comprises a rectification power supply, a control unit, an IGBT electronic switch and an electric arc wind tunnel heater; the positive electrode of the rectification power supply is connected with the positive electrode of the electric arc wind tunnel heater, the negative electrode of the rectification power supply is connected with the negative electrode of the electric arc wind tunnel heater, the control unit is in signal connection with the rectification power supply and is in control connection with the IGBT electronic switch, and the electric arc wind tunnel heater is provided with an air inlet; two or more than two pieces are arranged between the anode and the cathode of the electric arc wind tunnel heater, and two ends of each piece are correspondingly connected with one IGBT electronic switch; and two or more than two IGBT electronic switches are sequentially connected in series and then connected with the cathode of the electric arc wind tunnel heater. The invention adopts the IGBT electronic switch to effectively replace a mechanical direct current breaking switch as a switch device. The IGBT electronic switch is used as a semiconductor device, the on and off of the IGBT electronic switch are controlled by the voltage between the grid and the emitter, and the on and off of the IGBT electronic switch are completed through the movement of electrons in the device, so that the on-off action of a mechanical contact is avoided, electric arcs are not generated, and the service life is greatly prolonged. Meanwhile, an arc extinguishing device is not required to be added, and the space occupied by the part of equipment is greatly reduced.
Further, the air inlet is located at the anode of the electric arc wind tunnel heater.
Further, there are four between the pieces, correspondingly, there are four IGBT electronic switches.
The invention also provides an arc striking method for the electric arc wind tunnel heater, which comprises the following steps:
step one, closing all IGBT electronic switches, and introducing a small amount of high-purity argon into the anode of an electric arc wind tunnel heater;
starting a rectification power supply, and breaking down high-purity argon in the electric arc wind tunnel heater under direct-current high voltage to form electric arcs so as to form a loop between the anode of the electric arc wind tunnel heater and the first sheet;
thirdly, the control unit quickly turns off a first IGBT electronic switch corresponding to the first inter-slice, so that an arc root falls from the first inter-slice to the second inter-slice;
and step four, the control unit quickly switches off a second IGBT electronic switch corresponding to the second sheet, so that the arc root falls to a third sheet or a negative electrode from the second sheet, and the like, and when the arc root falls to the negative electrode, arc striking of the arc heater is completed.
Further, the second step further comprises: the control unit receives an arc starting success signal and a fault signal of the rectification power supply, responds to the received arc starting success signal and continues to perform the next step; and controlling the rectified power supply to stop emergently in response to receiving the fault signal.
Further, the third step and the fourth step further include: the control unit receives an arc striking success signal and a fault signal of the rectifying power supply, responds to the received arc striking success signal, and disconnects the next IGBT electronic switch after the breaking time; controlling the rectified power supply to stop emergently in response to receiving the fault signal; the breaking time is preset duration.
Further, still include: the control unit detects the voltage and the current of the IGBT electronic switch and controls the rectifying power supply to stop emergently in response to the voltage abnormality or the current abnormality of the IGBT electronic switch.
Additional aspects and advantages of the invention will be set forth in part in the description which follows and, in part, will be obvious from the description, or may be learned by practice of the invention.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are some embodiments of the present invention, and other drawings can be obtained by those skilled in the art without creative efforts.
FIG. 1 is a block diagram of an arc initiation circuit for arc initiation of an electric arc wind tunnel heater.
In the drawings are labeled:
1 rectification power supply
2 control unit
3IGBT electronic switch
31 first IGBT electronic switch
32 second IGBT electronic switch
33 third IGBT electronic switch
34 fourth IGBT electronic switch
4 electric arc wind tunnel heater
41 positive electrode
42 negative electrode
43 first sheet
44 second sheet
45 between the third plate
46 between the fourth sheet
Detailed Description
The technical solutions of the present invention will be described clearly and completely with reference to the following embodiments, and it should be understood that the described embodiments are some, but not all, embodiments of the present invention. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
In the description of the present invention, it is to be understood that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "length", "width", "thickness", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", "clockwise", "counterclockwise", and the like, indicate orientations and positional relationships based on those shown in the drawings, and are used only for convenience of description and simplicity of description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element being referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and thus, should not be considered as limiting the present invention.
Furthermore, the terms "first", "second" and "first" are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Thus, features defined as "first", "second", may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of the described features. In the description of the present invention, "a plurality" means two or more unless specifically defined otherwise. Furthermore, the terms "mounted," "connected," and "connected" are to be construed broadly and may, for example, be fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally connected; can be mechanically or electrically connected; they may be connected directly or indirectly through intervening media, or they may be interconnected between two elements. The specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood in specific cases to those skilled in the art.
The embodiment of the invention provides an arc striking circuit for an electric arc wind tunnel heater, as shown in fig. 1, comprising: the device comprises a rectification power supply 1, a control unit 2, an IGBT electronic switch 3 and an arc wind tunnel heater 4; the positive electrode of the rectification power supply 1 is connected with the positive electrode 41 of the electric arc wind tunnel heater 4, the negative electrode of the rectification power supply 1 is connected with the negative electrode 42 of the electric arc wind tunnel heater 4, the control unit 2 is in signal connection with the rectification power supply 1 and is in control connection with the IGBT electronic switch 3, and the electric arc wind tunnel heater 4 is provided with an air inlet; two or more than two pieces are arranged between the anode 41 and the cathode 42 of the electric arc wind tunnel heater 4, and two ends of each piece are correspondingly connected with one IGBT electronic switch 3; two or more than two IGBT electronic switches 3 are connected in series in sequence and then connected with the negative electrode 42 of the electric arc wind tunnel heater 4. The invention adopts the IGBT electronic switch 3 to effectively replace a mechanical direct current breaking switch as a switch device. The IGBT electronic switch 3 is used as a semiconductor device, the on and off of the IGBT electronic switch is controlled by the voltage between the grid and the emitter, and the on and off of the IGBT electronic switch is completed through the movement of electrons in the device, so that the on-off action of a mechanical contact is avoided, electric arcs are not generated, and the service life is greatly prolonged. Meanwhile, an arc extinguishing device is not required to be added, and the space occupied by the part of equipment is greatly reduced. Moreover, the IGBT electronic switch 3 is used as a voltage control device, the design frequency of the IGBT electronic switch can reach kilohertz, the switching speed far exceeds that of a direct current breaking switch, and the success rate of arc striking is improved.
Preferably, the positive electrode 41 of the air inlet is positioned on the electric arc wind tunnel heater 4, so that a small amount of high-purity argon can be introduced into the positive electrode 41 through the air inlet before the rectification power supply 1 is started; and high-pressure air is conveniently charged into the electric arc wind tunnel heater 4 after the arc is started.
In a specific embodiment, as shown in fig. 1, there are four inter-plates, including a first inter-plate 43, a second inter-plate 44, a third inter-plate 45, and a fourth inter-plate 46, and correspondingly, there are four IGBT electronic switches 3, which are a first IGBT electronic switch 31, a second IGBT electronic switch 32, a third IGBT electronic switch 33, and a fourth IGBT electronic switch 34, respectively, and divide one arc wind tunnel heater 4 into four sections for arc striking, so that the arc striking difficulty is reduced, and the arc striking success rate is improved.
The embodiment of the invention also provides an arc striking method for the electric arc wind tunnel heater, which comprises the following steps:
step one, closing all IGBT electronic switches 3, and introducing a small amount of high-purity argon into an anode 41 of an electric arc wind tunnel heater 4; at this time, the first, second, third, and fourth gaps 43, 44, 45, 46 are at the same potential as the negative electrode 42 of the arc wind tunnel heater 4.
Starting the rectification power supply 1, and breaking down high-purity argon in the arc wind tunnel heater 4 under direct-current high voltage to form an arc, so that a loop is formed between the anode 41 of the arc wind tunnel heater 4 and the first inter-lamination 43; at this time, voltage differences are present between the positive electrode 41 of the arc wind tunnel heater 4, the first inter-piece 43, the second inter-piece 44, the third inter-piece 45, and the fourth inter-piece 46, and the negative electrode 42 of the arc wind tunnel heater 4.
Step three, the control unit 2 quickly turns off the first IGBT electronic switch 31 corresponding to the first inter-slice 43, so that the arc root falls from the first inter-slice 43 to the second inter-slice 44; at this time, voltage differences are present between the positive electrode 41 of the arc wind tunnel heater 4 and the second, third, and fourth inter-plates 44, 45, 46, and the negative electrode 42 of the arc wind tunnel heater 4.
And step four, the control unit 2 quickly turns off the second IGBT electronic switch 32 corresponding to the second inter-plate 44, so that the arc root falls from the second inter-plate 44 to the third inter-plate 45, and so on, and when the arc root falls to the negative electrode 42 of the arc wind tunnel heater 4, the arc striking of the arc heater 4 is completed.
In an aspect of the embodiment of the present invention, the second step further includes: the control unit 2 receives an arc starting success signal and a fault signal of the rectification power supply 1, responds to the received arc starting success signal, and continues to perform the next step; in response to receiving the failure signal, the rectified power supply 1 is controlled to make an emergency stop.
In one aspect of the embodiment of the present invention, the third step and the fourth step further include: the control unit 2 receives an arc striking success signal and a fault signal of the rectification power supply 1, responds to the received arc striking success signal, and disconnects the next IGBT electronic switch 3 after the breaking time; controlling the rectified power supply 1 to stop emergently in response to receiving the fault signal; the breaking time is preset duration, the time difference reaches millisecond level, and the rapid arc starting and arc stabilizing of the electric arc wind tunnel heater 4 can be realized.
In one aspect of the embodiment of the present invention, the control unit 2 further detects the voltage and current of the IGBT electronic switch 3, and controls the rectified power supply 1 to make an emergency stop in response to the voltage abnormality or the current abnormality of the IGBT electronic switch 3.
In conclusion, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
the invention focuses more on the process condition of the arc starting stage of the electric arc wind tunnel heater 4, and realizes the function of graded arc striking by setting the IGBT electronic switch 3 to short-circuit part of the arc path of the electric arc wind tunnel heater 4.
The IGBT electronic switch 3 is adopted to replace a traditional mechanical direct current breaking switch, so that the service life of the device is prolonged, the volume of equipment is reduced, the installation is convenient, and the preparation time of a heater test is greatly shortened. At present, the power grade of the IGBT electronic switch 3 can reach 600A/6500V, the requirement of a high-power working condition is completely met, and the IGBT electronic switch can be applied to megawatt and dozens of megawatt electric arc wind tunnel heaters 4 through series/parallel connection.
The invention has perfect detection and protection functions for the processes of arc striking and arc striking of the electric arc wind tunnel heater 4, and can effectively reduce the damage to the electric arc wind tunnel heater 4.
Finally, it should be noted that: the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solution of the present invention, and not to limit the same; while the invention has been described in detail and with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that: the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments may still be modified, or some or all of the technical features may be equivalently replaced; and the modifications or the substitutions do not make the essence of the corresponding technical solutions depart from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims (7)

1. An arc initiation circuit for an electric arc wind tunnel heater, comprising:
the device comprises a rectification power supply, a control unit, an IGBT electronic switch and an electric arc wind tunnel heater;
the positive electrode of the rectification power supply is connected with the positive electrode of the electric arc wind tunnel heater, the negative electrode of the rectification power supply is connected with the negative electrode of the electric arc wind tunnel heater, the control unit is in signal connection with the rectification power supply and is in control connection with the IGBT electronic switch, and the electric arc wind tunnel heater is provided with an air inlet;
two or more than two pieces are arranged between the anode and the cathode of the electric arc wind tunnel heater, and two ends of each piece are correspondingly connected with one IGBT electronic switch;
and two or more than two IGBT electronic switches are sequentially connected in series and then connected with the cathode of the electric arc wind tunnel heater.
2. An arc starting circuit for an electric arc wind tunnel heater according to claim 1,
and the air inlet is positioned at the anode of the electric arc wind tunnel heater.
3. An arc starting circuit for an electric arc wind tunnel heater according to claim 1,
four are arranged among the sheets, correspondingly, four are arranged on the IGBT electronic switches.
4. An arc striking method for an electric arc wind tunnel heater, comprising:
step one, closing all IGBT electronic switches, and introducing a small amount of high-purity argon into the anode of an electric arc wind tunnel heater;
starting a rectification power supply, and breaking down high-purity argon in the electric arc wind tunnel heater under direct-current high voltage to form electric arcs so as to form a loop between the anode of the electric arc wind tunnel heater and the first sheet;
thirdly, the control unit quickly turns off a first IGBT electronic switch corresponding to the first inter-slice, so that an arc root falls from the first inter-slice to the second inter-slice;
and step four, the control unit quickly switches off a second IGBT electronic switch corresponding to the second sheet, so that the arc root falls to a third sheet or a negative electrode from the second sheet, and the like, and when the arc root falls to the negative electrode, arc striking of the arc heater is completed.
5. The arc striking method for an electric arc wind tunnel heater according to claim 4, wherein said second step further comprises:
the control unit receives an arc starting success signal and a fault signal of the rectification power supply, responds to the received arc starting success signal and continues to perform the next step; and controlling the rectified power supply to stop emergently in response to receiving the fault signal.
6. The arc striking method for an electric arc wind tunnel heater according to claim 5, wherein said third and fourth steps further comprise:
the control unit receives an arc striking success signal and a fault signal of the rectifying power supply, responds to the received arc striking success signal, and disconnects the next IGBT electronic switch after the breaking time; controlling the rectified power supply to stop emergently in response to receiving the fault signal; the breaking time is preset duration.
7. The method of striking an arc for an electric arc wind tunnel heater according to any one of claims 4 to 6, further comprising:
the control unit detects the voltage and the current of the IGBT electronic switch and controls the rectifying power supply to stop emergently in response to the voltage abnormality or the current abnormality of the IGBT electronic switch.
CN202011209172.1A 2020-11-03 2020-11-03 Arc striking circuit and arc striking method for electric arc wind tunnel heater Pending CN112235891A (en)

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Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN202011209172.1A CN112235891A (en) 2020-11-03 2020-11-03 Arc striking circuit and arc striking method for electric arc wind tunnel heater

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Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN202011209172.1A CN112235891A (en) 2020-11-03 2020-11-03 Arc striking circuit and arc striking method for electric arc wind tunnel heater

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Publication Number Publication Date
CN112235891A true CN112235891A (en) 2021-01-15

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Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20040045942A1 (en) * 2002-09-05 2004-03-11 Norris Stephen W. Plasma ARC torch system with pilot re-attach circuit and method
CN201726555U (en) * 2010-08-09 2011-01-26 陕西昕宇电力电子技术有限公司 Special arc furnace power supply system for water fuel dissociation
CN202535627U (en) * 2012-03-10 2012-11-14 新疆天业(集团)有限公司 Arc ignition system of plasma torch
CN202655767U (en) * 2012-02-26 2013-01-09 淮北精科机电设备修造有限公司 Double-insulated high-voltage-inverted type DC (direct current) arc welder
CN207560426U (en) * 2017-11-29 2018-06-29 青岛艾特尔电源科技有限公司 A kind of novel high-frequency arc ignition control circuit
CN213073166U (en) * 2020-11-03 2021-04-27 中国航天空气动力技术研究院 Arc striking circuit for electric arc wind tunnel heater

Patent Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20040045942A1 (en) * 2002-09-05 2004-03-11 Norris Stephen W. Plasma ARC torch system with pilot re-attach circuit and method
CN201726555U (en) * 2010-08-09 2011-01-26 陕西昕宇电力电子技术有限公司 Special arc furnace power supply system for water fuel dissociation
CN202655767U (en) * 2012-02-26 2013-01-09 淮北精科机电设备修造有限公司 Double-insulated high-voltage-inverted type DC (direct current) arc welder
CN202535627U (en) * 2012-03-10 2012-11-14 新疆天业(集团)有限公司 Arc ignition system of plasma torch
CN207560426U (en) * 2017-11-29 2018-06-29 青岛艾特尔电源科技有限公司 A kind of novel high-frequency arc ignition control circuit
CN213073166U (en) * 2020-11-03 2021-04-27 中国航天空气动力技术研究院 Arc striking circuit for electric arc wind tunnel heater

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