CN113517163B - Strong air-blowing current-limiting type arc extinguish chamber of high-voltage circuit breaker - Google Patents
Strong air-blowing current-limiting type arc extinguish chamber of high-voltage circuit breaker Download PDFInfo
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- CN113517163B CN113517163B CN202110838755.9A CN202110838755A CN113517163B CN 113517163 B CN113517163 B CN 113517163B CN 202110838755 A CN202110838755 A CN 202110838755A CN 113517163 B CN113517163 B CN 113517163B
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- extinguish chamber
- arc extinguish
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- circuit breaker
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
- H01H73/00—Protective overload circuit-breaking switches in which excess current opens the contacts by automatic release of mechanical energy stored by previous operation of a hand reset mechanism
- H01H73/02—Details
- H01H73/18—Means for extinguishing or suppressing arc
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Abstract
The invention discloses a forced air-blowing current-limiting type high-voltage circuit breaker arc extinguish chamber which comprises two first partition plates arranged in parallel, wherein one ends of the two first partition plates are connected through a second partition plate, an air outlet is formed in the upper end of the second partition plate, a ferromagnetic grid piece is arranged between the two first partition plates, an upper wiring copper plate is arranged on the side wall, close to the ferromagnetic grid piece, of one first partition plate, one end of the upper wiring copper plate is connected with a fixed contact, the other end of the upper wiring copper plate is connected with a wiring terminal, gas production materials are filled from the other ends of the two first partition plates to the ferromagnetic grid piece and the parts, located below the ferromagnetic grid piece, of the two first partition plates, and an air flow channel is formed in the gas production materials. The arc extinguish chamber realizes the current limiting and strong cooling effects of short-circuit current aiming at the short-circuit on-off of high voltage and large current, thereby realizing the on-off of the high voltage and large current.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of arc extinction of high-voltage air circuit breakers, and relates to a strong air-blowing current-limiting type arc extinction chamber of a high-voltage circuit breaker.
Background
With the aim of 'carbon peak reaching and carbon neutralization', the installed capacity of renewable clean energy photovoltaic and wind power generation is continuously increased, and in order to improve the efficiency of photovoltaic and wind power generation sets and ensure the safety of photovoltaic power generation systems and wind power generation systems, higher requirements are provided for the breaking capacity of air circuit breakers for control and protection. Meanwhile, in a centralized photovoltaic and wind power plant, the rated voltage of a circuit breaker at the front end of a photovoltaic power generation combiner box, namely the direct current side of an inverter, is required to be 1500V or more; the rated voltage of the molded case circuit breaker for wind power generation protection is required to be 800V, and the rated voltage of the frame circuit breaker is required to be 1140V or even 1500V, which provides great challenges for the development and design of the high-voltage circuit breaker. For the on-off of a high-voltage circuit breaker, the main difficulty is that the energy of electric arcs is extremely high, if the electric arcs cannot be extinguished in time, the high energy borne by an arc extinguish chamber can burn moving and static contacts, even grid pieces of the arc extinguish chamber can be burnt and melted, and the on-off of short-circuit current cannot be completed, so that a power generation system is threatened in safety.
For a high-voltage molded case circuit breaker, an alternating current product usually adopts a double-breakpoint structure, so that the number of grid pieces is increased, the arc voltage in the switching-on and switching-off process is raised, a current limiting effect is achieved, the switching-on and switching-off of short-circuit current is finally completed, or the height of an arc extinguish chamber is increased, the switching-on distance is increased, the probability of high-voltage electric breakdown is reduced, and the switching-off success rate is improved. For direct current products, multi-stage series connection is generally adopted to realize the on-off of high voltage, and the multi-stage series connection has the defects that when the mechanism synchronism is poor, the high voltage of a system can be directly applied between a movable contact and a static contact which are opened after a certain pole, so that the electric breakdown can be easily caused, and the on-off failure can be realized; meanwhile, for multi-stage series products, the size is large, and the multi-stage series products cannot be used in some scenes with high space requirements. Based on the structure, an arc extinguishing chamber structure and an arc extinguishing method of a universal alternating current-direct current strong air-blowing current-limiting high-voltage circuit breaker are provided, and high-voltage and high-current switching can be successfully realized.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a strong air-blowing current-limiting type high-voltage circuit breaker arc extinguish chamber which aims at the short-circuit breaking of high-voltage and high-current and realizes the effects of short-circuit current limiting and strong cooling so as to realize the breaking of the high-voltage and high-current.
The invention adopts the technical scheme that the strong air-blowing current-limiting high-voltage circuit breaker arc extinguish chamber comprises two first partition plates which are arranged in parallel, one ends of the two first partition plates are connected through a second partition plate, the upper end of the second partition plate is provided with an air outlet, a ferromagnetic grid plate is arranged between the two first partition plates, an upper wiring copper plate is arranged on the side wall, close to the ferromagnetic grid plate, of one first partition plate, one end of the upper wiring copper plate is connected with a fixed contact, the other end of the upper wiring copper plate is connected with a wiring terminal, gas production materials are filled from the other ends of the two first partition plates to the ferromagnetic grid plate and from the parts of the two first partition plates, which are located below the ferromagnetic grid plate, and an air flow channel is arranged in the gas production materials.
The present invention is also characterized in that,
the parts of the two first clapboards, which are provided with the ferromagnetic grid pieces, form an upper arc extinguish chamber, the height of the upper arc extinguish chamber is 3/4 of the height of the arc extinguish chamber, the parts of the two first clapboards, which are positioned below the ferromagnetic grid pieces, form a lower arc extinguish chamber, and the height of the lower arc extinguish chamber is 1/4 of the height of the arc extinguish chamber.
The airflow channel is arranged from the top to the bottom of the first partition board and is in a Laval collision mouth shape and used for moving the moving contact.
The upper wiring copper plate comprises a plurality of n-type copper plates which are sequentially connected end to end.
The number of the n-type copper plates is 2-3, the height is 93-95mm, the distance between two vertical copper plates in each n-type copper plate is 12-13mm, and the distance between two adjacent n-type copper plates is 12-13mm.
The upper wire inlet copper plate is wrapped with insulating nomike tear paper.
The gas generating material is one of polyformaldehyde, nylon or polytetrafluoroethylene.
The ferromagnetic grid sheet is made of nickel-zinc ferrite with the relative magnetic conductivity of 6000-8000.
The beneficial effect of the invention is that,
(1) The strong air-blowing current-limiting high-voltage circuit breaker arc extinguish chamber comprises an upper arc extinguish chamber and a lower arc extinguish chamber, wherein a ferromagnetic grid piece is not arranged in the lower arc extinguish chamber, so that the cost of the arc extinguish chamber is reduced;
(2) The upper arc extinguish chamber in the strong air-blowing current-limiting high-voltage circuit breaker arc extinguish chamber adopts the nickel-zinc ferrite with the relative permeability of 6000-8000, so that the electromagnetic attraction to an arc column is enhanced, an arc can quickly enter a ferromagnetic grid sheet area and can be effectively cut, and the increase rate of arc voltage is improved;
(3) According to the strong gas-blowing current-limiting type high-voltage circuit breaker arc extinguish chamber, an iron sheet and a permanent magnet are not required to be arranged on the side wall of the arc extinguish chamber, and the risk that the arc extinguish capability of the whole circuit breaker is reduced due to the fact that the permanent magnet loses magnetism due to high temperature of an electric arc is avoided;
(4) The invention relates to a strong air-blowing current-limiting type high-voltage circuit breaker arc extinguish chamber, which adopts a strong air-blowing current-limiting technology, wherein the strong air-blowing is used for longitudinally blowing an arc column, so that the energy of convection and conduction dissipation is enhanced, the energy of the arc column is quickly dissipated, the energy of an electric arc is greatly reduced after entering a ferromagnetic grid plate, the ablation to the ferromagnetic grid plate is reduced, the probability of short circuit between the grid plates is effectively reduced, and simultaneously, a large amount of iron steam is prevented from entering air plasma to reduce the resistance of the arc column, so that the arc voltage is effectively improved, and the electric service life of the arc extinguish chamber is effectively prolonged.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an arc extinguishing chamber of a forced air-blowing current-limiting high-voltage circuit breaker according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of an upper arc-extinguishing chamber and a lower arc-extinguishing chamber in an arc-extinguishing chamber of a high-voltage circuit breaker with strong gas blowing current limiting;
FIG. 3 is a schematic structural view of an air outlet in an arc extinguish chamber of the high voltage current limiting type circuit breaker according to the invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of an upper inlet wire copper plate in an arc extinguish chamber of the strong air-blowing current-limiting high-voltage circuit breaker;
FIG. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of a gas flow passage in an arc extinguish chamber of a strong gas blowing current limiting type high voltage circuit breaker according to the invention;
FIG. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of a gas generating material filled in an arc extinguish chamber of a strong gas blowing current limiting type high voltage circuit breaker according to the invention;
FIG. 7 is a test waveform of the moving contact of the arc extinguishing chamber of the strong air-blowing current limiting type high voltage circuit breaker of the present invention being directly opened after the circuit breaker is energized;
FIG. 8 is a first test waveform of the arc extinguishing chamber of the strong air-blowing current limiting type high voltage circuit breaker of the present invention, wherein the moving contact is closed and then opened after the circuit breaker is powered on;
fig. 9 is a second test waveform of the arc extinguish chamber of the strong air-blowing current limiting type high voltage circuit breaker, wherein the moving contact is firstly closed and then opened after the circuit breaker is electrified.
In the figure, 1, a first partition plate, 2, a second partition plate, 3, a fixed contact, 4, a connecting terminal, 5, an upper wiring copper plate, 6, a ferromagnetic grid plate, 7, a gas flow channel, 8, a gas outlet, 9, an upper arc-extinguishing chamber, 10, a lower arc-extinguishing chamber and 11, gas-generating materials.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.
The invention provides a strong-gas-blowing current-limiting type high-voltage circuit breaker arc extinguish chamber, which is structurally shown in a figure 1, a figure 2 and a figure 3, and comprises two first partition plates 1 which are arranged in parallel, wherein one ends of the two first partition plates 1 are connected through a second partition plate 2, the upper end of the second partition plate 2 is provided with a gas outlet 8 for discharging gas, a ferromagnetic grid sheet 6 is arranged between the two first partition plates 1, an upper wiring copper plate 5 is arranged on the side wall of one first partition plate 1 close to the ferromagnetic grid sheet 6, the upper wiring copper plate 5 is wrapped with insulating nomeck tear paper for insulation, one end of the upper wiring copper plate 5 is connected with a static contact 3, the other end of the upper wiring copper plate 5 is connected with a connecting terminal 4, as shown in the figure 6, the part from the other ends of the two first partition plates 1 to the ferromagnetic grid sheet 6 and the part of the two first partition plates 1 below the ferromagnetic grid sheet 6 are filled with a copper plate material 11, a moving contact material 11 is arranged between the upper wiring copper plate 5 and the first partition plate 1 far away from the upper wiring copper plate 5, a gas generating material 7 is provided with a gas channel 7, as shown in the ferromagnetic arc extinguish chamber 7, the arc extinguish chamber 7 is in a laval-shaped arc extinguish chamber, and the lower arc extinguish chamber 10 is arranged at the height of the lower arc extinguish chamber 4, and the lower part of the ferromagnetic grid sheet 6 is provided with a lower part of the ferromagnetic grid sheet 4, and the ferromagnetic grid sheet 4 is provided with a gas generating gas extinguishing chamber 4 with a moving contact part of the lower part of the ferromagnetic grid sheet 4;
as shown in fig. 4, the upper wiring copper plate 5 comprises a plurality of n-type copper plates which are sequentially connected end to end, the number of the n-type copper plates is 2-3, the height of the n-type copper plates is 93-95mm, the distance between two vertical copper plates in each n-type copper plate is 12-13mm, the two vertical copper plates in each n-type copper plate are connected through a transverse copper plate, the distance between two adjacent n-type copper plates is 12-13mm, the upper wiring copper plate 5 plays a role in limiting current, and under a high-current breaking scene, the size of short-circuit current is rapidly limited, so that electric arcs are more easily broken, and the high-current breaking capacity of the circuit breaker is improved.
The gas production material 11 is one of polyformaldehyde POM, nylon PA66 or polytetrafluoroethylene PTFE, wherein the content of glass fiber of the nylon PA66 is 30 percent, and the material is used for burning the arc in a lower arc extinguish chamber to burn the gas production material to generate gas.
The ferromagnetic grid sheet 6 is made of nickel zinc ferrite with the relative magnetic conductivity of 6000-8000 so as to enhance the magnetic field of the arc column.
The working principle of the strong air-blowing current-limiting high-voltage circuit breaker arc extinguish chamber is as follows: when short-circuit current is detected, the movable contact is opened under the action of electric repulsion force, electric arcs are ignited, the operating mechanism does not act at the moment, the opening distance of the movable contact is small, the electric arcs are only burnt in the lower arc extinguish chamber 10, gas production materials are filled in the first partition plate 1, so that the gas production materials are ablated, a large amount of gas is generated, and the movable contact is not completely opened, so that a gas channel at the joint of the lower arc extinguish chamber 10 and the upper arc extinguish chamber 9 is just blocked, and the gas pressure in the lower arc extinguish chamber 10 is increased sharply; along with the movement of the operating mechanism, the movable contact is further pulled open until the maximum opening distance, at the moment, the pressure in the lower arc extinguish chamber 10 is larger, and a huge pressure difference is formed between the pressure and the upper arc extinguish chamber 9, and meanwhile, after the movable contact is pulled open, an airflow channel 7 between the lower arc extinguish chamber 10 and the upper arc extinguish chamber 9 is opened, and at the moment, a strong gas pressure gradient can form a longitudinal strong air blowing effect on an arc column; because the gas generating material filled in the first clapboard 1 is arranged in a Laval collision mouth shape from top to bottom, the airflow field is accelerated in the upper arc extinguish chamber 9, the air blowing effect is further enhanced, the arc column is rapidly cooled, and the arc voltage is increased. Meanwhile, as the magnetic conductivity of the ferromagnetic grid sheet 6 in the upper arc extinguish chamber 9 is higher, a transverse strong magnetic blow is formed on the electric arc, so that the electric arc quickly enters the ferromagnetic grid sheet 6 and is cut, the electric arc voltage is further lifted, and short circuit breaking under high voltage (DC 1500V, AC 800V) and large current is realized.
Examples
For a certain direct-current high-voltage line, the system voltage is 1500V direct current, the expected short-circuit current is 15kA, and by adopting the arc extinguish chamber, the resistance between the static contact 3 and the connecting terminal 4 connected with the upper wiring copper plate 5 is 0.168 omega through actual measurement.
According to the above conditions, the line resistance R0 is calculated to be 0.1 Ω, and when the expected short-circuit current is 15kA, the actual short-circuit current value is 1500V/(0.1 Ω +0.168 Ω) =5.6kA, thereby demonstrating that the arc extinguish chamber of the invention has good current limiting effect.
The molded case circuit breaker product assembled by the arc extinguish chamber is utilized to carry out a direct current 1500V breaking test, the expected short circuit current is 15kA, the test waveform is shown in figures 7, 8 and 9, and the effectiveness of the arc extinguish chamber is demonstrated through the breaking test verification of a third party mechanism.
Claims (4)
1. The strong-gas-blowing current-limiting high-voltage circuit breaker arc extinguish chamber is characterized by comprising two first partition plates (1) which are arranged in parallel, wherein one ends of the two first partition plates (1) are connected through a second partition plate (2), the upper end of the second partition plate (2) is provided with an air outlet (8), a ferromagnetic grid plate (6) is arranged between the two first partition plates (1), an upper wiring copper plate (5) is arranged on the side wall, close to the ferromagnetic grid plate (6), of one of the first partition plates (1), one end of the upper wiring copper plate (5) is connected with a static contact (3), the other end of the upper wiring copper plate (5) is connected with a wiring terminal (4), gas production materials (11) are filled from the other ends of the two first partition plates (1) to the ferromagnetic grid plate (6) and from the parts, located below the ferromagnetic grid plate (6), of the two first partition plates (1), and gas production channels (7) are arranged in the gas production materials (11);
the part, provided with the ferromagnetic grid piece (6), of each of the two first partition plates (1) forms an upper arc extinguish chamber (9), the height of the upper arc extinguish chamber (9) is 3/4 of the height of the arc extinguish chamber, the part, located below the ferromagnetic grid piece (6), of each of the two first partition plates (1) forms a lower arc extinguish chamber (10), and the height of the lower arc extinguish chamber (10) is 1/4 of the height of the arc extinguish chamber;
the upper lead copper plate (5) comprises a plurality of n-type copper plates which are sequentially connected end to end;
the number of the n-type copper plates is 2-3, the height of the n-type copper plates is 93-95mm, the distance between two vertical copper plates in each n-type copper plate is 12-13mm, and the distance between two adjacent n-type copper plates is 12-13mm;
and the upper wiring copper plate (5) is wrapped with insulated Nomick tear paper.
2. An interrupter chamber of a puffer current limiting high voltage circuit breaker according to claim 1, characterized in that the gas flow channel (7) is in the shape of a laval notch for moving the movable contact.
3. The arc extinguish chamber of the strong air blowing current limiting type high-voltage circuit breaker according to claim 1, wherein the gas generating material (11) is one of polyformaldehyde, nylon or polytetrafluoroethylene.
4. An arc extinguish chamber of a strong air-blast current-limiting type high-voltage circuit breaker according to claim 1, characterized in that the material of the ferromagnetic grid sheet (6) adopts nickel zinc ferrite with the relative permeability of 6000 to 8000.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202110838755.9A CN113517163B (en) | 2021-07-23 | 2021-07-23 | Strong air-blowing current-limiting type arc extinguish chamber of high-voltage circuit breaker |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202110838755.9A CN113517163B (en) | 2021-07-23 | 2021-07-23 | Strong air-blowing current-limiting type arc extinguish chamber of high-voltage circuit breaker |
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| CN113517163A CN113517163A (en) | 2021-10-19 |
| CN113517163B true CN113517163B (en) | 2023-02-28 |
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| CN113517163A (en) | 2021-10-19 |
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