CN112234833B - Direct-current magnetic bias suppression method and device for double-active-bridge direct-current converter - Google Patents

Direct-current magnetic bias suppression method and device for double-active-bridge direct-current converter Download PDF

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CN112234833B
CN112234833B CN202011057684.0A CN202011057684A CN112234833B CN 112234833 B CN112234833 B CN 112234833B CN 202011057684 A CN202011057684 A CN 202011057684A CN 112234833 B CN112234833 B CN 112234833B
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voltage
sampling
duty ratio
bridge
active
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CN112234833A (en
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刘增
刘仡然
张宏伟
刘进军
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Xi'an Singularity Energy Co ltd
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Xian Jiaotong University
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M3/00—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output
    • H02M3/22—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac
    • H02M3/24—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters
    • H02M3/28—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac
    • H02M3/325—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal
    • H02M3/335—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only
    • H02M3/33569—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only having several active switching elements
    • H02M3/33576—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only having several active switching elements having at least one active switching element at the secondary side of an isolation transformer
    • H02M3/33584—Bidirectional converters
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M1/00—Details of apparatus for conversion
    • H02M1/08—Circuits specially adapted for the generation of control voltages for semiconductor devices incorporated in static converters
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M1/00—Details of apparatus for conversion
    • H02M1/08—Circuits specially adapted for the generation of control voltages for semiconductor devices incorporated in static converters
    • H02M1/088—Circuits specially adapted for the generation of control voltages for semiconductor devices incorporated in static converters for the simultaneous control of series or parallel connected semiconductor devices
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M1/00—Details of apparatus for conversion
    • H02M1/32—Means for protecting converters other than automatic disconnection
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M1/00—Details of apparatus for conversion
    • H02M1/40—Means for preventing magnetic saturation
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
    • Y02B70/00—Technologies for an efficient end-user side electric power management and consumption
    • Y02B70/10—Technologies improving the efficiency by using switched-mode power supplies [SMPS], i.e. efficient power electronics conversion e.g. power factor correction or reduction of losses in power supplies or efficient standby modes

Abstract

The invention discloses a direct current magnetic bias suppression method and a direct current magnetic bias suppression device for a double-active-bridge direct current converter. The integral voltage of each half period is input to a sampling holding circuit, the sampled integral voltage is input to a control regulator as a difference, an error signal of the duty ratio is output and is superposed with a driving signal of the original duty ratio to obtain the final duty ratio, and the driving signal is output. In practice, the voltage source is not an ideal voltage source, and is usually composed of an inverter, so that the ripple of the power source at the front stage is superimposed on the ripple of the input voltage. The invention adopts the band-pass filter to filter the input voltage, and can inhibit the direct current offset only by considering the switching frequency of the double-active-bridge direct current converter, thereby improving the practicability and reliability of the system.

Description

Direct-current magnetic bias suppression method and device for double-active-bridge direct-current converter
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of control of direct current converters, and particularly relates to a direct current magnetic bias suppression method and device for a double-active-bridge direct current converter.
Background
The Dual Active Bridge dc converter (DAB) has many advantages such as bidirectional energy flow, high power density, electrical isolation, and easy soft switching, and thus is widely used in high-power situations such as distributed power generation, new energy electric vehicles, and uninterruptible power supplies. However, the parasitic parameters of the circuit hardware are not completely symmetrical, and the high-frequency transformer has direct-current bias due to problems such as delay of driving signals. The peak value of the inductive current is increased due to the direct current bias, the switching loss and the stress are increased, even the magnetic element is saturated due to the excessive direct current bias, the current generates a peak, the temperature is increased, and finally the circuit is burnt.
At present, the traditional method for eliminating direct current magnetic bias is mainly to connect a blocking capacitor and a sampling inductor current in series on an inductor side to control and adjust the duty ratio. The series blocking capacitor can bring larger power loss and longer service life, and the active control method of the sampling current has higher requirements on the sampling precision and the bandwidth of the current sampling module.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects and provides a method and a device for inhibiting direct current magnetic bias of a double-active-bridge direct current converter, which can effectively eliminate bias voltage, thereby reducing loss in the operation process of the direct current converter and improving the reliability of a system.
In order to achieve the above object, a method for suppressing dc magnetic bias of a dual-active-bridge dc converter includes the following steps:
step one, the voltage v at two ends of a capacitor is measuredinFiltering to obtain a filtered voltage vbpf；
Step two, the filtering voltage v is filteredbpfThe integration is respectively carried out twice in each half switching period to obtain an integrated voltage vinteg1And the integral voltage vinteg2；
Step three, the integral voltage v is measuredinteg1And the integrated voltage vinteg2Sampling at a fixed time to obtain a sampling voltage vsample1And a sampling voltage vsample2For the sampling voltage vsample1And a sampling voltage vsample2And controlling and adjusting, outputting an error signal delta d of the duty ratio, and superposing the error signal delta d and a driving signal with the original duty ratio of 50% to obtain the adjusted actual duty ratio d.
When a positive DC bias is present, the filtered voltage vbpfIn phase with the inductor current, the filter voltage v when a negative DC bias occursbpf180 deg. out of phase with the inductor current.
A direct current magnetic bias suppression device of a double-active-bridge direct current converter comprises a band-pass filter, a control regulator, two integrating circuits and two sampling and holding circuits;
the band-pass filter is used for filtering the voltage v at two ends of the capacitorinFiltering to obtain a filtered voltage vbpf；
For integrating circuitsFor the filter voltage vbpfIntegrating the voltage and the voltage twice in each half switching period to obtain an integrated voltage vinteg1And the integral voltage vinteg2；
Using circuits for integrating voltage vinteg1And the integrated voltage vinteg2Sampling at a fixed time to obtain a sampling voltage vsample1And a sampling voltage vsample2；
For controlling the regulator to measure the sampled voltage vsample1And a sampling voltage vsample2And controlling and adjusting, and superposing the error signal delta d of the duty ratio with the driving signal of the original duty ratio to obtain the adjusted actual duty ratio d.
The cut-off frequency of the band-pass filter is related to the switching frequency of the dual active bridge converter.
Two paths of integrating circuits are respectively connected with a driving signal P for integral zero clearingi1And a drive signal Pi2。
Two paths of sample hold circuits are respectively connected with the driving signal P of the sample hold circuits1And a drive signal Ps2。
Compared with the prior art, the method for respectively carrying out integral sampling on the switching frequency secondary voltage component generated by the direct current magnetic biasing in each half switching period and adjusting the duty ratio of the power switching device can effectively inhibit the direct current magnetic biasing problem in the operation process of the DAB converter and effectively eliminate the bias voltage, thereby reducing the loss in the operation process of the direct current converter and improving the reliability of the system; the invention adopts a voltage integral sampling method, not only solves the problem of high requirements of current sampling on precision and bandwidth, but also can eliminate the influence of interference and noise existing in single voltage sampling, and improves the accuracy and stability of the control method.
The device inputs the input voltage to a band-pass filter for filtering by utilizing the influence of direct current bias on input voltage ripple in a double-active-bridge direct current converter, the filtered voltage is input to two independent voltage integrating circuits, and the integrating period is a half period. The integral voltage of each half period is input to a sampling holding circuit, the sampled integral voltage is input to a control regulator as a difference, an error signal of the duty ratio is output and is superposed with a driving signal of the original duty ratio to obtain the final duty ratio, and the driving signal is output. In practical use, the voltage source is not an ideal voltage source, and is usually composed of an inverter, so that the input voltage ripple is superposed with the ripple of the preceding power supply. The invention adopts the band-pass filter to filter the input voltage, and can inhibit the direct current offset only by considering the switching frequency of the double-active-bridge direct current converter, thereby improving the practicability and reliability of the system.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a main circuit topology of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a general block diagram of the control system of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a waveform diagram showing the phase relationship between the filter voltage and the inductor current when DC bias occurs;
FIG. 4 is a timing diagram of the voltage signal and the sampling driving signal and the integration zero clearing driving signal;
FIG. 5 is a waveform diagram of the inductor current when DC bias is applied and when DC bias is removed;
FIG. 6 is a graph of input voltage and filter voltage waveforms as it occurs when DC bias is removed and when DC bias is removed;
FIG. 7 is a waveform diagram of simulation verification for suppressing DC magnetic bias by using the control method proposed by the present invention.
Detailed Description
The following is further described with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Referring to fig. 1, a dc magnetic bias suppression circuit of a dual-active bridge dc converter includes a full-bridge inverter circuit, a transformer T, and a full-bridge rectifier circuit; the transformer T is arranged between the full-bridge inverter circuit and the full-bridge rectifier circuit, and the full-bridge inverter circuit is connected with the input capacitor C in parallel1And an input voltage V1The full-bridge rectifier circuit is connected with an output capacitor C in parallel2And an output voltage V2。
The full-bridge inverter circuit and the full-bridge rectifier circuit are all four full-control power semiconductor devices to form a bridge circuit; the bridge circuit formed by the fully-controlled power semiconductor device comprises a diode and a triode serving as a power electronic switch, wherein the collector of the triode is connected with the anode of the diode, the cathode of the diode is connected with the emitter of the triode, and the base of the triode serves as a signal input end.
Referring to fig. 2, a dc magnetic bias suppression device of a dual-active bridge dc converter includes a band-pass filter, a control regulator, two integrating circuits, and two sample-and-hold circuits;
the band-pass filter is used for filtering the voltage v at two ends of the capacitorinFiltering to obtain a filtered voltage vbpf；
The integration circuit being arranged to couple the filtered voltage vbpfIntegrating the voltage and the voltage twice in each half switching period to obtain an integrated voltage vinteg1And the integral voltage vinteg2；
Using circuits for integrating the voltage vinteg1And the integrated voltage vinteg2Sampling to obtain a sampling voltage vsample1And a sampling voltage vsample2；
For controlling the regulator to measure the sampled voltage vsample1And a sampling voltage vsample2And controlling and adjusting, and superposing the error signal delta d of the duty ratio with the driving signal of the original duty ratio to obtain the adjusted actual duty ratio d.
The cut-off frequency of the band-pass filter is related to the switching frequency of the dual active bridge converter.
Two paths of integrating circuits are respectively connected with a driving signal P for integral zero clearingi1And a drive signal Pi2. Two paths of sample hold circuits are respectively connected with the driving signal P of the sample hold circuits1And a driving signal Ps2。
Referring to fig. 4, the driving signal P is sampleds1And a driving signal Ps2Sampling the integral voltage during rising edge, and driving signal P at integral zero clearing switch after samplingi1And a drive signal Pi2And clearing the integral voltage at the rising edge. Wherein the drive signal P is sampleds1And sampling the drive signal Ps2And a switching tube S1Switch tube S2I.e. the integrated voltage is sampled around the peak of the inductor current.
A direct current magnetic bias suppression method of a double-active-bridge direct current converter comprises the following steps:
step one, the voltage v at two ends of a capacitor is measuredinFiltering to obtain a filtered voltage vbpf；
Step two, the filtering voltage v is filteredbpfIntegrating the voltage and the voltage twice in each half switching period to obtain an integrated voltage vinteg1And the integral voltage vinteg2；
Step three, for the integral voltage vinteg1And the integrated voltage vinteg2Sampling to obtain a sampling voltage vsample1And a sampling voltage vsample2For the sampling voltage vsample1And a sampling voltage vsample2And controlling and adjusting, and superposing the error signal delta d of the duty ratio with the driving signal with the original duty ratio of 50% to obtain the adjusted actual duty ratio d.
The cut-off frequency of the band-pass filter is designed only in relation to the switching frequency of the dual active bridge converter. When operating normally, the frequency of the input voltage is 2fs. When DC magnetic bias occurs, the frequency of input voltage ripple is fsIt can be considered as being in the original 2fsOn the basis of which is superimposed a frequency fsThe voltage component of (a). Therefore, the ripple component of the switching frequency caused by the DC offset is filtered out only by the band-pass filter. In practical engineering application, the converter is generally the preceding stage of the input power supply, the converter will affect the ripple of the input voltage of the subsequent stage, and the filtering method can also eliminate the influence of the preceding stage converter on the ripple voltage, thereby improving the accuracy. As shown in fig. 3, the solid line represents the filter voltage waveform when a positive dc bias occurs, and the dotted line represents the filter voltage waveform when a negative dc bias occurs. When a positive DC bias is present, the filtered voltage vbpfIn phase with the inductor current, the filter voltage v being such that, in the presence of a negative DC bias, a negative DC bias is presentbpfThe phase difference between the voltage and the inductive current is 180 degrees, so that the filtering voltage is integrated according to the phase relation between the filtering voltage and the inductive current, and the closed-loop control is performed by utilizing the difference of the polarities of the integrated voltage sampled when different direct current biases appear, so that the existing direct current bias is eliminated.
Fig. 5 shows the inductor current waveform of the dual-active-bridge converter after the dc offset occurs and the dc offset is eliminated. The solid line shows the waveform of the inductor current when no dc bias is present, and the dotted line shows the waveform of the inductor current when dc bias is present. When no dc offset occurs, the inductor current waveform is symmetrical about the time axis, and when a dc offset occurs, a dc component exists in the inductor current waveform.
Fig. 6 shows the waveform of the input voltage after the dc offset appears and is eliminated in the dual-active bridge converter. The solid line is the input voltage waveform when dc bias occurs, and the dotted line is the input voltage waveform after dc bias is removed. When the DC offset is removed, i.e. f, in the input voltage, due to the DC offsetsThe component is eliminated and the frequency of the input voltage is changed to 2f agains。
Fig. 7 shows the result of simulation verification of the method for suppressing the rectifying magnetic bias proposed by the present invention. In the simulation result, the waveform of the dotted line represents the waveform when the direct current magnetic bias occurs, and the waveform when the method is adopted to inhibit the direct current magnetic bias is realized. Wherein v isbpfRepresenting the filter voltage waveform iLRepresenting the inductor current waveform. Simulation results prove that the method can effectively inhibit the direct current magnetic bias existing in the circuit.
The invention abandons the traditional method of serially connecting the blocking capacitors, and sets a transformer between the full-bridge inverter circuit and the full-bridge rectifier circuit, the full-bridge inverter circuit is connected with the input capacitor and the input voltage in parallel, and the full-bridge rectifier circuit is connected with the output capacitor and the output voltage in parallel, thereby reducing the volume and power loss of the DAB converter, and improving the service life of the converter and the system reliability.

Claims (4)

1. A DC magnetic bias suppression method for a double-active-bridge DC converter comprises a band-pass filter, a control regulator, two integrating circuits and two sampling and holding circuits;
the band-pass filter is used for filtering the voltage v at two ends of the capacitorinFiltering to obtain a filtered voltage vbpf；
Integrating circuit for filteringVoltage vbpfIntegrating the voltage and the voltage twice in each half switching period to obtain an integrated voltage vinteg1And the integrated voltage vinteg2；
Sample-and-hold circuit for integrating voltage vinteg1And the integral voltage vinteg2Sampling to obtain a sampling voltage vsample1And a sampling voltage vsample2；
For controlling the regulator to measure the sampled voltage vsample1And a sampling voltage vsample2And controlling and adjusting, namely superposing the error signal delta d of the duty ratio with the driving signal of the original duty ratio to obtain the adjusted actual duty ratio d, wherein the inhibiting method comprises the following steps:
step one, the voltage v at two ends of a capacitor is measuredinFiltering to obtain a filtered voltage vbpf；
Step two, the filter voltage v is filteredbpfIntegrating the voltage and the voltage twice in each half switching period to obtain an integrated voltage vinteg1And the integral voltage vinteg2；
Step three, the integral voltage v is measuredinteg1And the integral voltage vinteg2Sampling to obtain a sampling voltage vsample1And a sampling voltage vsample2For the sampling voltage vsample1And a sampling voltage vsample2Controlling and adjusting, and superposing the error signal delta d of the duty ratio with the driving signal of the original duty ratio to obtain the adjusted actual duty ratio d;
when a positive DC bias is present, the filtered voltage vbpfIn phase with the inductor current, the filter voltage v when a negative DC bias occursbpf180 deg. out of phase with the inductor current.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein a cutoff frequency of the band-pass filter is related to a switching frequency of the dual-active-bridge dc converter.
3. The DC offset of a dual active bridge DC converter according to claim 1The magnetic suppression method is characterized in that two paths of integrating circuits are respectively connected with a driving signal P for integral zero clearingi1And a drive signal Pi2。
4. The method for suppressing DC magnetic bias of a dual-active-bridge DC converter according to claim 1, wherein the two sample-and-hold circuits are respectively connected to the driving signal P of the sample-and-hold circuits1And a drive signal Ps2。
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