CN112234579B - Injection type stator grounding protection method and system of large hydraulic generator - Google Patents
Injection type stator grounding protection method and system of large hydraulic generator Download PDFInfo
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- H—ELECTRICITY
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- H02H7/00—Emergency protective circuit arrangements specially adapted for specific types of electric machines or apparatus or for sectionalised protection of cable or line systems, and effecting automatic switching in the event of an undesired change from normal working conditions
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Abstract
The invention discloses an injection type stator grounding protection method and system of a large hydraulic generator, which comprises the following steps: a single-phase voltage transformer is additionally arranged at the neutral point of the generator; injecting a 20Hz voltage signal from a secondary port of the single-phase voltage transformer through a 20Hz injection power supply, and detecting the injected voltage signal by the protection device through a resistor divider; the protection device detects the injected current signal through the middle current transformer to obtain 20Hz voltage and 20Hz current; calculating to obtain a ground fault transition resistance value by using the measured 20Hz voltage and 20Hz current; and taking the calculated ground fault transition resistance value as a protection criterion, executing an alarm action when the calculated ground fault transition resistance value is lower than a high-section fixed value, and executing a tripping action when the calculated ground fault transition resistance value is lower than a low-section fixed value. The invention can not change the grounding mode of the neutral point of the generator and can accurately calculate the transition resistance value of the ground fault.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of relay protection of large hydraulic generators and main equipment of power systems, and particularly relates to an injection type stator ground protection method and system of a large hydraulic generator.
Background
Stator single-phase earth faults are the most common faults of insulation damage of stator windings of large generators, and damage to the generators is mainly shown in that burn of stator cores and earth faults are expanded into interphase or turn-to-turn short circuits, so that stator earth protection (a dual-frequency type and an injection type) with different principles respectively arranged on a protection A screen/a protection B screen of the generators is in a trend.
The injection type stator grounding protection is widely applied to a mode that a generator neutral point is grounded through distribution and high resistance (see figure 1), but is less applied to a mode that a large-scale hydro-generator neutral point is grounded through an arc suppression coil (see figure 2). Compare in large-scale turbo generator, large-scale hydro generator's rotational speed is lower, and the number of corresponding pole pairs is more to make the stator slot number more, lead to stator winding every relative ground capacitance great, the electric capacity electric current when consequently taking place stator single-phase earth fault is great. Because the capacitance current is larger, the single-phase grounding fault current can be reduced by adopting a mode that a neutral point is grounded through an arc suppression coil. In order to compensate the capacitance current, the inductance value of the arc suppression coil is small, so that the inductance of the arc suppression coil under 20Hz is small, and therefore, a 20Hz signal injected to a neutral point of a generator by a power supply device is small when the injection type stator grounding protection is applied, difficulty is brought to signal measurement, and finally, the protection application effect is not ideal.
Therefore, there is a need to develop a new injection type stator grounding protection method and system for large-scale hydro-generator.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide an injection type stator grounding protection method and system of a large hydraulic generator, which can not change the grounding mode of a neutral point of the generator when the injection type stator grounding protection is applied, can effectively improve the size of an injected 20Hz signal and can accurately calculate the transition resistance value of a grounding fault.
In a first aspect, the injection type stator ground protection method of the large-scale hydraulic generator comprises the following steps:
step 1: a single-phase voltage transformer is additionally arranged at a neutral point of the generator, specifically, one end of a primary side of the single-phase voltage transformer is connected with a tap of an arc suppression coil, the other end of the primary side of the single-phase voltage transformer is grounded, and two ends of a secondary side of the single-phase voltage transformer are connected with a 20Hz injection power supply;
step 2: injecting a 20Hz voltage signal from a secondary port of the single-phase voltage transformer through a 20Hz injection power supply, connecting a resistor voltage divider of the protection device at two ends of a secondary winding of the single-phase voltage transformer, and detecting the injected voltage signal through the resistor voltage divider; winding an intermediate current transformer on a power output line, connecting the intermediate current transformer with a protection device, detecting an injected current signal through the intermediate current transformer, inputting the current signal to the protection device, and obtaining 20Hz voltage and 20Hz current through sampling and filtering;
and step 3: the protection device carries out impedance compensation calculation by using the measured 20Hz voltage and 20Hz current to obtain the 20Hz voltage and 20Hz current which are actually injected into two ends of a ground branch of a generator stator winding, calculates the ground admittance, and obtains the inverse number of the real part of the ground admittance by multiplying the resistance conversion coefficient to obtain the transition resistance value of the ground fault;
and 4, step 4: and dividing the protection outlet constant value into two sections, namely a high-section constant value and a low-section constant value, by using the calculated ground fault transition resistance value as a protection criterion, executing an alarm action when the calculated ground fault transition resistance value is lower than the high-section constant value, and executing a trip action when the calculated ground fault transition resistance value is lower than the low-section constant value.
Further, the calculation formula of the ground fault transition resistance value is as follows:
wherein: semaphore
Is the 20Hz current, semaphore measured by the protection device
Is the 20Hz voltage, semaphore measured by the protection device
Is 20Hz current flowing through the series resistor of the arc suppression coil
Is 20Hz current, semaphore after impedance compensation
Is 20Hz voltage, R 'after impedance compensation'L+jX′LIs the value R 'obtained by converting the equivalent impedance of the arc suppression coil at 20Hz to the secondary side of the single-phase voltage transformer'nThe resistance value of the series resistor of the arc suppression coil is converted into the value of the secondary side of the single-phase voltage transformer, KRIs the coefficient of resistance conversion, nPTIs the transformation ratio of a single-phase voltage transformer, nCTIs the transformation ratio of the intermediate current transformer, nPT1Is the transformation ratio of the resistor divider, Y is the admittance of the stator winding to ground branch at 20Hz, RgIs the ground fault transition resistance.
In a second aspect, the injection type stator grounding protection system of the large hydraulic generator comprises a single-phase voltage transformer, a protection device, a 20Hz injection power supply and an intermediate current transformer;
the single-phase voltage transformer is arranged at the neutral point of the generator, one end of the primary side of the single-phase voltage transformer is connected with a tap of the arc suppression coil, and the other end of the primary side of the single-phase voltage transformer is grounded;
the 20Hz injection power supply is connected to two ends of the secondary side of the single-phase voltage transformer, and a 20Hz voltage signal is injected from a secondary port of the single-phase voltage transformer through the 20Hz injection power supply;
and a resistor voltage divider of the protection device is connected to two ends of a secondary winding of the single-phase voltage transformer, and an injected voltage signal is detected through the resistor voltage divider.
The intermediate current transformer is wound on a power output line, is connected with the protection device, detects an injected current signal through the intermediate current transformer and inputs the current signal to the protection device;
the protection device carries out impedance compensation calculation by using the measured 20Hz voltage and 20Hz current to obtain the 20Hz voltage and 20Hz current which are actually injected into two ends of a ground branch of the generator stator winding, calculates the ground admittance, takes the reciprocal of the real part of the ground admittance, and multiplies a resistance conversion coefficient to obtain a ground fault transition resistance value; and dividing the protection outlet constant value into two sections, namely a high-section constant value and a low-section constant value, by using the calculated ground fault transition resistance value as a protection criterion, executing an alarm action when the calculated ground fault transition resistance value is lower than the high-section constant value, and executing a trip action when the calculated ground fault transition resistance value is lower than the low-section constant value.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
(1) the grounding mode of the neutral point of the generator is not changed when the injection type stator grounding protection is applied;
(2) the protection scheme is easy to implement;
(3) the size of the injected 20Hz signal can be effectively increased, the signal measurement condition is improved, and the ground fault transition resistance value can be accurately calculated;
(4) the impedance compensation algorithm has few steps and high calculation efficiency.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of an implementation scheme of injection type stator ground protection in a power distribution transformer high-resistance grounding mode of a conventional large-scale hydraulic generator;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a prior large-scale hydraulic generator with a neutral point grounded through an arc suppression coil;
fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of signals injected from the secondary port of the single-phase voltage transformer in the arc suppression coil grounding mode of the large-scale hydraulic generator in the embodiment;
fig. 4 is a 20Hz equivalent circuit diagram of a signal injected from the secondary port of the single-phase voltage transformer in the grounding mode of the arc suppression coil of the large-scale hydro-generator in this embodiment;
in the figure: 1. the device comprises an arc suppression coil, 2, an instrument coil, 3, a resistor, 4, a protection device, 5 and 20Hz injection power supply, 6, a single-phase voltage transformer, 7, an isolating switch, 8 and an intermediate current transformer.
Detailed Description
The present embodiment will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
As shown in fig. 3, in this embodiment, a method for grounding protection of an injection stator of a large hydro-generator includes the following steps:
step 1: a single-phase voltage transformer 6 is additionally arranged at a neutral point of the generator, specifically, one end of a primary side of the single-phase voltage transformer 6 is connected with a tap of the arc suppression coil 1, the other end of the primary side of the single-phase voltage transformer 6 is grounded, and a 20Hz injection power supply 5 is connected to two ends of a secondary side of the single-phase voltage transformer 6.
And 2, step: injecting a 20Hz voltage signal from a secondary port of the single-phase voltage transformer 6 through the 20Hz injection power supply 5, connecting a resistor voltage divider of the protection device 4 to two ends of a secondary winding of the single-phase voltage transformer 6, and detecting the injected voltage signal through the resistor voltage divider (see FIG. 3); the intermediate current transformer 8 is wound on a power output line, the intermediate current transformer 8 is connected with the protection device 4, the injected current signal is detected by the intermediate current transformer 8 and input to the protection device 4 (see fig. 3), and 20Hz voltage and 20Hz current are obtained through sampling and filtering.
And step 3: the protection device 4 performs impedance compensation calculation by using the measured 20Hz voltage and 20Hz current to obtain the 20Hz voltage and 20Hz current (see fig. 4) actually injected into the two ends of the generator stator winding earth branch, calculates the earth admittance, takes the reciprocal of the real part of the earth admittance, and multiplies the resistance conversion coefficient to obtain the earth fault transition resistance value.
In this embodiment, the calculation formula of the ground fault transition resistance value is as follows:
Rg＝KR/Re(Y) (5)
KR＝nPT/(nCT×nPT1) (6)
wherein: semaphore
Is the 20Hz current, semaphore measured by the protection device
Is the 20Hz voltage, semaphore measured by the protection device
Is 20Hz current flowing through the series resistor of the arc suppression coil
Is 20Hz current, semaphore after impedance compensation
Is a 20Hz voltage after impedance compensation. In the impedance compensation parameter, R'L+jX′LIs the value R 'obtained by converting the equivalent impedance of the arc suppression coil at 20Hz to the secondary side of the single-phase voltage transformer'nThe resistance value of the series resistor of the arc suppression coil is converted into the value of the secondary side of the single-phase voltage transformer, KRIs the coefficient of resistance conversion, nPTIs the transformation ratio of a single-phase voltage transformer, nCTIs the transformation ratio of the intermediate current transformer, nPT1The value of the compensation parameter is obtained in advance through field measurement experiments. Y is the admittance of the stator winding to ground branch at 20Hz, RgIs the ground fault transition resistance.
And 4, step 4: and dividing the protection outlet constant value into two sections, namely a high-section constant value and a low-section constant value, by using the calculated ground fault transition resistance value as a protection criterion, executing an alarm action when the calculated ground fault transition resistance value is lower than the high-section constant value, and executing a trip action when the calculated ground fault transition resistance value is lower than the low-section constant value.
As shown in fig. 3, in the present embodiment, the arc suppression coil 1 is a reactor capable of changing inductance value, and has a structural feature of having an auxiliary winding (i.e., an instrument coil 2) for measuring the fundamental zero-sequence voltage. A resistor 3 (namely a resistor R) is connected in series with the arc suppression coil 1n). And a connecting point between the single-phase voltage transformer 6 and the arc suppression coil 1 is connected with one end of a disconnecting switch 7.
The method of the present embodiment will be described below by taking a generator of a certain hydropower station as an example, and the basic parameters of the generator are shown in table 1.
TABLE 1 certain hydropower station Generator parameters
A single-phase voltage transformer 6 is additionally arranged at the neutral point of the generator, the transformation ratio of the single-phase voltage transformer 6 is 18kV/866V, a 20Hz injection power supply 5 is connected to two ends of a secondary winding of the single-phase voltage transformer 6, a resistor voltage divider of a protection device 4 is connected to two ends of the secondary winding of the single-phase voltage transformer 6, and an intermediate current transformer 8 is wound on a power output line. And a voltage signal measured by the resistor divider and a current signal measured by the intermediate current transformer 8 are respectively sent to corresponding ports of the protection device 4, wherein the transformation ratio of the resistor divider is 1/5, and the transformation ratio of the intermediate current transformer 8 is 100A/1A.
The results of simulating the stator single-phase earth fault and actually measuring with the protection device 4 are shown in table 2:
TABLE 2 simulation results
The result shows that the single-phase voltage transformer 6 is additionally arranged at the neutral point of the generator, and the mode of injecting a 20Hz voltage signal from the single-phase voltage transformer 6 for the second time and a corresponding protection algorithm are adopted, so that the transition resistance value of the ground fault can be accurately calculated, and the application of injection type stator ground protection under the mode of grounding the arc suppression coil 1 is realized.
In this embodiment, an injection type stator ground protection system of a large-scale hydro-generator includes a single-phase voltage transformer 6, a protection device 4, a 20Hz injection power supply 5, and an intermediate current transformer 8. The single-phase voltage transformer 6 is arranged at a neutral point of the generator, one end of a primary side of the single-phase voltage transformer 6 is connected with a tap of the arc suppression coil 1, and the other end of the primary side of the single-phase voltage transformer 6 is grounded. The 20Hz injection power supply 5 is connected to two ends of the secondary side of the single-phase voltage transformer 6, and 20Hz voltage signals are injected from the secondary port of the single-phase voltage transformer 6 through the 20Hz injection power supply 5. And a resistor voltage divider of the protection device 4 is connected to two ends of a secondary winding of the single-phase voltage transformer 6, and an injected voltage signal is detected through the resistor voltage divider. The intermediate current transformer 8 is wound on a power output line, the intermediate current transformer 8 is connected with the protection device 4, and the injected current signal is detected by the intermediate current transformer 8 and input to the protection device 4. The protection device 4 performs impedance compensation calculation by using the measured 20Hz voltage and 20Hz current to obtain the 20Hz voltage and 20Hz current actually injected into two ends of the generator stator winding earth branch, calculates the earth admittance, takes the reciprocal of the real part of the earth admittance, and multiplies the resistance conversion coefficient to obtain the earth fault transition resistance value. And dividing the protection outlet constant value into two sections, namely a high-section constant value and a low-section constant value, by using the calculated ground fault transition resistance value as a protection criterion, executing an alarm action when the calculated ground fault transition resistance value is lower than the high-section constant value, and executing a trip action when the calculated ground fault transition resistance value is lower than the low-section constant value.
The above embodiments are only for illustrating the technical idea of the present invention, and the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereby, and any modifications made on the basis of the technical scheme according to the technical idea of the present invention fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (2)
1. An injection type stator grounding protection method of a large hydraulic generator is characterized by comprising the following steps:
step 1: a single-phase voltage transformer (6) is additionally arranged at the neutral point of the generator, specifically, one end of the primary side of the single-phase voltage transformer (6) is connected with a tap of the arc suppression coil (1), the other end of the primary side of the single-phase voltage transformer (6) is grounded, and two ends of the secondary side of the single-phase voltage transformer (6) are connected with a 20Hz injection power supply (5);
step 2: injecting a 20Hz voltage signal from a secondary port of the single-phase voltage transformer (6) through a 20Hz injection power supply (5), connecting a resistor voltage divider of the protection device (4) at two ends of a secondary winding of the single-phase voltage transformer (6), and detecting the injected voltage signal through the resistor voltage divider; winding an intermediate current transformer (8) on a power output line, connecting the intermediate current transformer (8) with a protection device (4), detecting an injected current signal through the intermediate current transformer (8), inputting the current signal to the protection device (4), and obtaining 20Hz voltage and 20Hz current through sampling and filtering;
and step 3: the protection device (4) performs impedance compensation calculation by using the measured 20Hz voltage and 20Hz current to obtain the 20Hz voltage and 20Hz current actually injected to two ends of the generator stator winding earth branch, calculates the earth admittance, takes the reciprocal of the real part of the earth admittance, and multiplies a resistance conversion coefficient to obtain the earth fault transition resistance value;
and 4, step 4: dividing a protection outlet constant value into two sections, namely a high-section constant value and a low-section constant value, by using the calculated ground fault transition resistance value as a protection criterion, executing an alarm action when the calculated ground fault transition resistance value is lower than the high-section constant value, and executing a trip action when the calculated ground fault transition resistance value is lower than the low-section constant value;
the calculation formula of the ground fault transition resistance value is as follows:
Rg＝KR/Re(Y)
KR＝nPT/(nCT×nPT1)
wherein: semaphore
Is the 20Hz current, semaphore measured by the protection device
Is the 20Hz voltage, semaphore measured by the protection device
Is 20Hz current flowing through the series resistor of the arc suppression coil
Is 20Hz current, semaphore after impedance compensation
Is 20Hz voltage, R 'after impedance compensation'L+jX′LIs the value R 'obtained by converting the equivalent impedance of the arc suppression coil at 20Hz to the secondary side of the single-phase voltage transformer'nThe resistance value of the series resistor of the arc suppression coil is converted into the value of the secondary side of the single-phase voltage transformer, KRIs the coefficient of resistance conversion, nPTIs the transformation ratio of a single-phase voltage transformer, nCTIs the transformation ratio of the intermediate current transformer, nPT1Is the transformation ratio of the resistor divider, Y is the admittance of the stator winding to ground branch at 20Hz, RgIs the ground fault transition resistance.
2. The utility model provides a large-scale hydraulic generator's injection type stator ground protection system which characterized in that: comprises a single-phase voltage transformer (6), a protection device (4), a 20Hz injection power supply (5) and an intermediate current transformer (8);
the single-phase voltage transformer (6) is arranged at a neutral point of the generator, one end of the primary side of the single-phase voltage transformer (6) is connected with a tap of the arc suppression coil (1), and the other end of the primary side of the single-phase voltage transformer (6) is grounded;
the 20Hz injection power supply (5) is connected to two ends of the secondary side of the single-phase voltage transformer (6), and a 20Hz voltage signal is injected from a secondary port of the single-phase voltage transformer (6) through the 20Hz injection power supply (5);
a resistor voltage divider of the protection device (4) is connected to two ends of a secondary winding of the single-phase voltage transformer (6), and an injected voltage signal is detected through the resistor voltage divider;
the middle current transformer (8) is wound on a power output line, the middle current transformer (8) is connected with the protection device (4), and an injected current signal is detected through the middle current transformer (8) and input to the protection device (4);
the protection device (4) performs impedance compensation calculation by using the measured 20Hz voltage and 20Hz current to obtain the 20Hz voltage and 20Hz current which are actually injected into two ends of a generator stator winding earth branch, calculates the earth admittance, takes the reciprocal of the real part of the earth admittance, and multiplies a resistance conversion coefficient to obtain the earth fault transition resistance value; dividing a protection outlet constant value into two sections, namely a high-section constant value and a low-section constant value, by using the calculated ground fault transition resistance value as a protection criterion, executing an alarm action when the calculated ground fault transition resistance value is lower than the high-section constant value, and executing a trip action when the calculated ground fault transition resistance value is lower than the low-section constant value;
the calculation formula of the ground fault transition resistance value is as follows:
Rg＝KR/Re(Y)
KR＝nPT/(nCT×nPT1)
wherein: semaphore
Is the 20Hz current, semaphore measured by the protection device
Is the 20Hz voltage, semaphore measured by the protection device
Is 20Hz current flowing through the series resistor of the arc suppression coil
Is 20Hz current, semaphore after impedance compensation
Is 20Hz voltage, R 'after impedance compensation'L+jX′LIs the value R 'obtained by converting the equivalent impedance of the arc suppression coil at 20Hz to the secondary side of the single-phase voltage transformer'nThe resistance value of the series resistor of the arc suppression coil is converted into the value of the secondary side of the single-phase voltage transformer, KRIs the coefficient of resistance conversion, nPTIs the transformation ratio of a single-phase voltage transformer, nCTIs the transformation ratio of the intermediate current transformer, nPT1Is the transformation ratio of the resistor divider, Y is the admittance of the stator winding to ground branch at 20Hz, RgIs the ground fault transition resistance.
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| CN114137412B (en) * | 2021-11-29 | 2024-04-09 | 国家能源集团谏壁发电厂 | Method for detecting abnormal quality of stator cooling water of steam turbine generator unit |
| CN114498558B (en) * | 2022-01-12 | 2023-10-24 | 中国长江电力股份有限公司 | Generator stator grounding resistance segmentation algorithm based on 20Hz current-voltage phase difference |
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| CN1154219C (en) * | 2000-03-30 | 2004-06-16 | 华中理工大学 | Earthing protection method for stator of power generator |
| CN101414744B (en) * | 2008-06-24 | 2011-09-14 | 清华大学 | Grounding protection method for stator of dual-frequency injection type power generator |
| CN101340082B (en) * | 2008-07-04 | 2011-05-11 | 清华大学 | Stator grounding protection method of additional electric source intermittent injection type power generator |
| US8405940B2 (en) * | 2009-10-13 | 2013-03-26 | Schweitzer Engineering Laboratories Inc | Systems and methods for generator ground fault protection |
| ES2533797T3 (en) * | 2010-07-19 | 2015-04-14 | Abb Technology Ag | Device and method for detecting a ground fault |
| CN103050943B (en) * | 2012-07-04 | 2014-12-03 | 南京南瑞继保电气有限公司 | Generator injection-type stator ground protection method applicable to single-point and dual-point grounding systems |
| CN104218526B (en) * | 2013-05-30 | 2017-10-13 | 南京南瑞继保电气有限公司 | Using the generator injected type stator ground protection method of segmentation phase angle compensation |
| CN104917148B (en) * | 2014-03-12 | 2018-03-30 | 南京南瑞继保电气有限公司 | A kind of generator injected type stator ground protection method and protection device |
| CN104852355A (en) * | 2015-05-27 | 2015-08-19 | 北京四方继保自动化股份有限公司 | Injection-type stator earth-fault protection method without being affected by generator winding |
| EP3633810B1 (en) * | 2018-10-01 | 2021-09-29 | ABB Power Grids Switzerland AG | Arrangement for injection-based ground fault protection handling |
| CN111487508A (en) * | 2020-06-01 | 2020-08-04 | 南方电网调峰调频发电有限公司西部检修试验分公司 | Single-phase high-resistance grounding fault identification device for power distribution network |
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