CN112230280A - Method and device for enhancing transverse wave seismic data quality - Google Patents
Method and device for enhancing transverse wave seismic data quality Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method and a device for enhancing the quality of transverse wave seismic data, wherein the method comprises the steps of performing odd polynomial fitting on the converted transverse wave seismic amplitude of each converted transverse wave pre-stack seismic channel set by using elimination fitting, and determining the odd polynomial fitting the converted transverse wave seismic amplitude; determining the converted transverse wave seismic amplitude of the near offset seismic channel according to an odd polynomial fitting the converted transverse wave seismic amplitude and the incidence angle of the reflection point of the near offset seismic channel; and determining the converted transverse wave seismic amplitude after mixing according to the converted transverse wave seismic amplitude of the near offset seismic channel, the converted transverse wave seismic amplitude and the mixing weight parameter. The method adopts the odd polynomial related to the reflection characteristics of the converted transverse wave seismic signals to carry out step-by-step fitting, the signal-to-noise ratio of the obtained fitted converted transverse wave seismic amplitude is high, and the converted transverse wave seismic amplitude of the near-offset seismic channel determined according to the odd polynomial can effectively enhance the near-offset seismic signals and improve the quality of the near-offset seismic data.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of seismic data processing, in particular to a method and a device for enhancing transverse wave seismic data quality.
Background
This section is intended to provide a background or context to the embodiments of the invention that are recited in the claims. The description herein is not admitted to be prior art by inclusion in this section.
Compared with the method of singly utilizing the longitudinal wave prestack inversion, the longitudinal and transverse wave joint inversion increases the transverse wave seismic data, and the lithology information obtained based on the longitudinal and transverse wave prestack AVO amplitude characteristics is more reliable. Because longitudinal waves are affected by the combination of pore fluids and the rock mass, transverse waves are affected primarily by the interaction of the rock trusses. The longitudinal and transverse wave joint inversion can improve the inversion accuracy of the impedance and the density of the transverse waves, and is beneficial to improving the reliability and the accuracy of reservoir prediction. However, an important prerequisite for the joint inversion of longitudinal and transverse waves is to obtain high-quality pre-stack seismic data, in particular high-quality converted transverse wave seismic data.
Most of the existing optimization methods of pre-stack seismic data are researched aiming at pre-stack longitudinal wave data, mainly comprise residual time difference correction, noise elimination, far and near channel amplitude compensation and frequency consistency processing, but rarely research on optimization of converted transverse waves. The near offset signal-to-noise ratio in converted shear wave seismic data is usually very low and the noise is severe. If the quality of the converted shear wave close to the offset distance is not improved, the joint inversion is directly carried out with the converted shear wave, and the reliability of the joint inversion before the stack is seriously influenced.
Although the existing denoising methods such as polynomial fitting can improve the signal-to-noise ratio of pre-stack inversion data to a certain extent, the method ignores the real AVO amplitude characteristic of converted transverse waves, disturbs the characteristic that seismic reflection amplitude changes along with offset or incidence angle, and reduces the fidelity of the amplitude.
Therefore, the existing converted shear wave seismic data has the problem of low quality in a near offset range.
Disclosure of Invention
The embodiment of the invention provides a method for enhancing transverse wave seismic data quality, which is used for improving the data quality of near offset converted transverse waves in seismic data and comprises the following steps:
performing odd polynomial fitting on the converted transverse wave seismic amplitude of each converted transverse wave pre-stack seismic gather in the converted transverse wave seismic data by utilizing elimination fitting, and determining an odd polynomial of the fitted converted transverse wave seismic amplitude of each converted transverse wave pre-stack seismic gather;
determining the converted transverse wave seismic amplitude of the near offset seismic channel in each converted transverse wave pre-stack seismic channel set according to the odd polynomial of the fitting converted transverse wave seismic amplitude of each converted transverse wave pre-stack seismic channel set and the incidence angle of the reflection point of the near offset seismic channel in each converted transverse wave pre-stack seismic channel set;
and determining the converted transverse wave seismic amplitude of each converted transverse wave pre-stack seismic channel set after mixing according to the converted transverse wave seismic amplitude of the near-offset seismic channel in each converted transverse wave pre-stack seismic channel set, the converted transverse wave seismic amplitude of each converted transverse wave pre-stack seismic channel set and the mixing weight parameters.
The embodiment of the invention also provides a device for enhancing the quality of transverse wave seismic data, which is used for improving the data quality of near-offset converted transverse waves in the converted transverse wave seismic data, and comprises the following components:
the odd polynomial determining module is used for performing odd polynomial fitting on the converted transverse wave seismic amplitude of each converted transverse wave pre-stack seismic gather in the converted transverse wave seismic data by means of elimination fitting, and determining an odd polynomial of the fitted converted transverse wave seismic amplitude of each converted transverse wave pre-stack seismic gather;
the near offset seismic amplitude determination module is used for determining the converted transverse wave seismic amplitude of the near offset seismic channel in each converted transverse wave pre-stack seismic channel set according to the odd polynomial of the fitting converted transverse wave seismic amplitude of each converted transverse wave pre-stack seismic channel set and the incidence angle of the reflection point of the near offset seismic channel in each converted transverse wave pre-stack seismic channel set;
and the mixed wave seismic amplitude determining module is used for determining the converted transverse wave seismic amplitude of each converted transverse wave pre-stack seismic channel set after mixing according to the converted transverse wave seismic amplitude of the near-offset seismic channel in each converted transverse wave pre-stack seismic channel set, the converted transverse wave seismic amplitude of each converted transverse wave pre-stack seismic channel set and the mixed wave weight parameter.
The embodiment of the invention also provides computer equipment which comprises a memory, a processor and a computer program which is stored on the memory and can run on the processor, wherein the processor executes the computer program to realize the method for enhancing the quality of the transverse wave seismic data.
Embodiments of the present invention also provide a computer-readable storage medium storing a computer program for executing the method for enhancing the quality of shear wave seismic data.
In the embodiment of the invention, odd polynomial fitting is carried out on the converted transverse wave seismic amplitude of each converted transverse wave prestack seismic channel set in the converted transverse wave seismic data by utilizing elimination fitting, and the odd polynomial of the fitted converted transverse wave seismic amplitude of each converted transverse wave prestack seismic channel set is determined; the odd polynomial related to the reflection characteristics of the converted transverse wave seismic signals is adopted for gradual fitting, the signal-to-noise ratio of the obtained fitted converted transverse wave seismic amplitude is high, the converted transverse wave seismic amplitude of the near-offset seismic channel is determined according to the odd polynomial obtained through fitting, the near-offset seismic signals can be effectively enhanced, and the quality of the near-offset seismic data is effectively improved and enhanced.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained according to the drawings without creative efforts. In the drawings:
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of an implementation of a method for enhancing shear wave seismic data quality provided by an embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 2 is a flowchart illustrating an implementation of step 101 in a method for enhancing the quality of shear wave seismic data according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a flow chart of another implementation of a method for enhancing shear wave seismic data quality according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a functional block diagram of an apparatus for enhancing the quality of shear wave seismic data according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 5 is a block diagram illustrating an odd polynomial determining module 401 in the apparatus for enhancing the quality of transverse wave seismic data according to the embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a block diagram of another embodiment of an apparatus for enhancing shear wave seismic data quality;
FIG. 7 is a schematic illustration of converted shear wave seismic data provided by an embodiment of the present invention without the use of the method of the present invention for enhancing the quality of the shear wave seismic data;
FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram of converted shear wave seismic data using the method for enhancing the quality of shear wave seismic data according to the present invention.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention more apparent, the embodiments of the present invention are further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. The exemplary embodiments and descriptions of the present invention are provided to explain the present invention, but not to limit the present invention.
Fig. 1 shows a flow of implementing the method for enhancing the quality of transverse wave seismic data according to the embodiment of the present invention, and for convenience of description, only the parts related to the embodiment of the present invention are shown, and the detailed description is as follows:
as shown in fig. 1, a method of enhancing shear wave seismic data quality, comprising:
101, performing odd polynomial fitting on the converted transverse wave seismic amplitude of each converted transverse wave pre-stack seismic gather in the converted transverse wave seismic data by using elimination fitting, and determining an odd polynomial of the fitted converted transverse wave seismic amplitude of each converted transverse wave pre-stack seismic gather;
102, determining the converted transverse wave seismic amplitude of the near offset seismic channel in each converted transverse wave pre-stack seismic channel set according to the odd polynomial of the fitting converted transverse wave seismic amplitude of each converted transverse wave pre-stack seismic channel set and the incidence angle of the reflection point of the near offset seismic channel in each converted transverse wave pre-stack seismic channel set;
and 103, determining the converted transverse wave seismic amplitude of each converted transverse wave pre-stack seismic channel set after mixing according to the converted transverse wave seismic amplitude of the near offset seismic channel in each converted transverse wave pre-stack seismic channel set, the converted transverse wave seismic amplitude of each converted transverse wave pre-stack seismic channel set and the mixing weight parameter.
Culling fitting (DELFIT) is a fitting method proposed by mr. liqingzhong in 1995. The method requires inputting a common depth point gather of reflected waves after dynamic correction and leveling, and adopts a method of eliminating and fitting simultaneously, so that multi-time waves and random noise are basically eliminated. The basic principle of DELFIT culling fitting is to cull points of seismic traces with large errors so that they cannot participate in the next fitting. After removing some of the seismic traces, the least squares method may be used again to fit a new curve. The removed seismic traces can be determined according to the errors of the data obtained by fitting and the actual data, and thus, the fitting, the removing and the fitting are performed step by step until the removal error percentage meets a certain condition.
In one embodiment of the invention, the converted shear wave prestack seismic gathers include at least time domain common reflection point prestack seismic gathers. The common reflection point pre-stack seismic gather is a common central point gather after dynamic correction or a time domain common imaging point gather after pre-stack offset. In a two-dimensional coordinate system, the ordinate is time and the abscissa is offset of the gather. It will be understood by those skilled in the art that the converted shear wave prestack seismic gathers may also include seismic gathers other than the time domain common reflection point prestack seismic gathers described above, and embodiments of the present invention are not particularly limited thereto.
Odd polynomial fitting means that the polynomial is a polynomial including only odd terms. In one embodiment of the invention, the form of the odd polynomial includes:
y(θ)＝a1+a2sin(θ)+…+an-1sin2n-3(θ)+ansin2n-1(θ)；
wherein y (theta) represents the fitted converted shear wave seismic amplitude of each seismic trace in each converted shear wave pre-stack seismic trace set, theta represents the incident angle of the reflection point of each seismic trace in each converted shear wave pre-stack seismic trace set, and a1,a2…an-1,anRepresenting the coefficients of an odd polynomial and 2n-1 representing the highest order of the odd polynomial.
Considering that each converted transverse wave pre-stack seismic channel set comprises a plurality of seismic channels, under the condition that a plurality of odd polynomial coefficients exist, fitting the fitting converted transverse wave seismic amplitude of each seismic channel in each converted transverse wave pre-stack seismic channel set respectively, forming an equation set by the fitting converted transverse wave seismic amplitude of each seismic channel in each converted transverse wave pre-stack seismic channel set, solving the equation set formed by the fitting converted transverse wave seismic amplitudes of each seismic channel in each converted transverse wave pre-stack seismic channel set, and obtaining the coefficient a of the odd polynomial1,a2…an-1,anAnd obtaining the odd polynomial of the fitting conversion transverse wave seismic amplitude of each conversion transverse wave pre-stack seismic gather. And step-by-step fitting by using an odd polynomial related to the reflection characteristics of the converted transverse wave seismic data, wherein the signal-to-noise ratio of the fitted converted transverse wave seismic amplitude of each converted transverse wave pre-stack seismic gather obtained by fitting is high.
After the odd polynomial of the fitting conversion transverse wave seismic amplitude of each conversion transverse wave pre-stack seismic channel set is obtained, the conversion transverse wave seismic amplitude of the near offset seismic channel in each conversion transverse wave pre-stack seismic channel set is determined according to the odd polynomial of the fitting conversion transverse wave seismic amplitude of each conversion transverse wave pre-stack seismic channel set and the incidence angle of the reflection point of the near offset seismic channel in each conversion transverse wave pre-stack seismic channel set, and the signal-to-noise ratio of the conversion transverse wave seismic amplitude of the near offset seismic channel is determined according to the signal-to-noise ratio, so that the seismic signal of the near offset seismic channel can be effectively obtained, and the data quality of the near offset seismic channel can be effectively improved and enhanced. The method is particularly suitable for the condition that the near offset seismic data in the converted shear wave seismic data is missing or the signal-to-noise ratio is low.
After the converted transverse wave seismic amplitude of the near offset seismic channel in each converted transverse wave pre-stack seismic channel set is determined, the converted transverse wave seismic amplitude of each converted transverse wave pre-stack seismic channel set after mixing is determined according to the converted transverse wave seismic amplitude of the near offset seismic channel in each converted transverse wave pre-stack seismic channel set, the converted transverse wave seismic amplitude of each converted transverse wave pre-stack seismic channel set and the mixing weight parameters.
Specifically, the converted shear wave seismic amplitude of each converted shear wave prestack seismic gather after mixing can be determined by the following formula:
y＝y(θi)×MIX+y1(θi)×(1-MIX)；
wherein y represents the converted shear wave seismic amplitude of each converted shear wave prestack seismic gather after mixing, and thetaiRepresenting the angle of incidence, y (θ), of a reflection point of a seismic trace at near offseti) Representing an angle of incidence of thetaiThe converted transverse wave seismic amplitude y of each converted transverse wave pre-stack seismic channel concentrated seismic channel obtained by odd polynomial1(θi) The incident angle of the reflection point of the seismic channel with the approximate offset is represented as thetaiThe seismic amplitude of the converted transverse wave of the near offset seismic channel in each set of the converted transverse wave pre-stack seismic channels is obtained by using an odd polynomial, i is the channel number (sequence number) of the seismic channel in the pre-stack seismic channel set, and MIX is a mixing weight parameter.
The mixing weight parameter MIX is a preset mixing weight parameter, and those skilled in the art can understand that the mixing weight parameter MIX can be preset according to actual conditions and specific requirements. For example, the mixing weight parameter MIX is set to 5% in advance. It will be understood by those skilled in the art that the mixing weight parameter MIX may also be preset to other values than 5%, for example, 4% or 6%, and the embodiment of the present invention does not limit this.
In the embodiment of the invention, even polynomial fitting and wave mixing processing are carried out on the amplitude of the pre-stack seismic channel of each reflection point in the pre-stack seismic channel set according to vertical two-way travel. Different incidence angles of the same reflection point correspond to seismic channels with different shot-geophone distances in the pre-stack seismic channel set. Performing odd polynomial fitting on the converted transverse wave seismic amplitude of each converted transverse wave pre-stack seismic gather in the converted transverse wave seismic data by utilizing elimination fitting, and determining an odd polynomial of the fitted converted transverse wave seismic amplitude of each converted transverse wave pre-stack seismic gather; the odd polynomial related to the reflection characteristics of the converted transverse wave seismic signals is adopted for gradual fitting, the signal-to-noise ratio of the obtained fitted converted transverse wave seismic amplitude is high, the converted transverse wave seismic amplitude of the near-offset seismic channel is determined according to the odd polynomial obtained through fitting, the near-offset seismic signals can be effectively enhanced, and the quality of the near-offset seismic data is effectively improved and enhanced.
Fig. 2 shows a flow of implementing step 101 in the method for enhancing the quality of transverse wave seismic data provided by the embodiment of the present invention, and for convenience of description, only the part related to the embodiment of the present invention is shown, and the detailed description is as follows:
in an embodiment of the present invention, as shown in fig. 2, in step 101, performing odd polynomial fitting on the converted transverse wave seismic amplitude of each converted transverse wave prestack seismic gather in the converted transverse wave seismic data by using culling fitting, and determining an odd polynomial of the fitted converted transverse wave seismic amplitude of each converted transverse wave prestack seismic gather, includes:
step 201, performing odd polynomial fitting on the converted transverse wave seismic amplitude of each converted transverse wave pre-stack seismic channel set participating in fitting seismic channels by using least square fitting to obtain an odd polynomial of the fitted converted transverse wave seismic amplitude of each converted transverse wave pre-stack seismic channel set;
204, respectively carrying out odd polynomial fitting on the converted transverse wave seismic amplitude of each seismic channel updated in each converted transverse wave pre-stack seismic channel set by using least square fitting to obtain an odd polynomial of the updated fitted converted transverse wave seismic amplitude of each converted transverse wave pre-stack seismic channel set;
and step 206, taking the odd polynomial obtained in the last iteration process as the odd polynomial of the fitting conversion transverse wave seismic amplitude of each conversion transverse wave pre-stack seismic gather.
In the process of eliminating fitting, odd polynomial fitting is firstly carried out on the converted transverse wave seismic amplitude of each converted transverse wave pre-stack seismic channel set participating in fitting seismic channels by utilizing least square fitting, and the odd polynomial of the fitted converted transverse wave seismic amplitude of each converted transverse wave pre-stack seismic channel set is obtained.
In an embodiment of the invention, the fitting of seismic traces in each set of converted shear wave pre-stack seismic traces includes each seismic trace in each set of converted shear wave pre-stack seismic traces. Each converted shear wave pre-stack seismic gather includes a plurality of seismic traces where each seismic trace in each converted shear wave pre-stack seismic gather participates in the fitting.
In an embodiment of the invention, the fitting of seismic traces in each converted shear wave prestack gather includes:
and each seismic channel with the incidence angle of the seismic channel reflection point in the converted transverse wave pre-stack seismic channel set within the range of the preset incidence angle interval.
The preset incident angle interval range is a preset incident angle interval range, and those skilled in the art can understand that the preset incident angle interval range can be preset according to actual conditions and specific requirements. For example, the incident angle interval may be preset to be 15 ° to 30 °, and those skilled in the art will understand that the incident angle interval may also be preset to be 20 ° to 40 °, or 10 ° to 45 °, and the like, and the embodiment of the present invention is not limited thereto.
In the embodiment of the invention, the signal-to-noise ratio of the seismic channel with the incidence angle in the range of the preset incidence angle interval in each converted transverse wave pre-stack seismic channel set is higher, and the odd polynomial of the fitting converted transverse wave seismic amplitude of each converted transverse wave pre-stack seismic channel set is obtained by fitting the seismic channel with the incidence angle in the range of the preset incidence angle interval, so that the fitting converted transverse wave seismic amplitude of each converted transverse wave pre-stack seismic channel set can be more accurately reflected, and the accuracy of the fitting result is improved.
After an odd polynomial of the fitting conversion transverse wave seismic amplitude of each conversion transverse wave pre-stack seismic gather is obtained, a difference parameter of the fitting conversion transverse wave seismic amplitude of the fitting seismic trace and the actual conversion transverse wave seismic amplitude is further determined, and the difference parameter reflects the difference degree of the fitting conversion transverse wave seismic amplitude of the fitting seismic trace and the actual conversion transverse wave seismic amplitude. In one embodiment of the invention, the difference parameter comprises at least an absolute value of a difference between the fitted converted shear wave seismic amplitude and the actual converted shear wave seismic amplitude.
The seismic channel rejection number is a preset seismic channel rejection number, and it can be understood by those skilled in the art that the seismic channel rejection number can be preset according to actual conditions and specific requirements. For example, the number of seismic traces to be removed is preset to be 3, and those skilled in the art may also preset the number of seismic traces to be other than 3, for example, the number of seismic traces to be removed is preset to be 2 or 5, which is not limited in this embodiment of the present invention.
After determining the difference degree parameters of the fitting conversion transverse wave seismic amplitude of the seismic channels participating in fitting and the actual conversion transverse wave seismic amplitude, arranging the difference degree parameters of the seismic channels participating in fitting according to a preset seismic channel rejection number in descending order, and rejecting the seismic channels meeting the requirements, wherein the difference value of the seismic channels participating in fitting and the rejected seismic channels is the number of the seismic channels after updating. For example, if the preset seismic channel rejection number is 3, the seismic channels arranged at the first 3 bits are rejected according to the sequence from large to small by using the difference degree parameters of the seismic channels participating in fitting, and the remaining seismic channels are updated seismic channels and participate in the next fitting process.
In an embodiment of the invention, the seismic channel rejection number is determined by the number of seismic channels participating in fitting in each iteration rejection updating process and the rejection error ratio. Specifically, the seismic trace rejection number may be determined by the following formula:
(n+1)'＝INT((n+1)×REPREC)；
wherein, (n +1)' is the number of the updated (fitting-involved) seismic traces, INT (-) represents rounding, n +1 represents the number of the fitting-involved seismic traces, and REPREC is the rejection error ratio.
The reject error ratio REPREC is a preset reject error ratio, and those skilled in the art can understand that the reject error ratio REPREC can be preset according to actual conditions and specific requirements. For example, the reject error ratio REPREC is preset to be 5%, and those skilled in the art may also preset the reject error ratio REPREC to be other than 5%, for example, the reject error ratio REPREC is preset to be 3% or 15% or 20%, which is not limited in particular by the embodiment of the present invention.
And after the updated fitting seismic channels are determined, performing odd polynomial fitting on the updated conversion transverse wave seismic amplitude of the seismic channels in each conversion transverse wave pre-stack seismic channel set again by using least square fitting to obtain an updated odd polynomial of the fitting conversion transverse wave seismic amplitude of each conversion transverse wave pre-stack seismic channel set so as to update the odd polynomial of the fitting conversion transverse wave seismic amplitude of each conversion transverse wave pre-stack seismic channel set.
After obtaining the odd polynomial of the fitting conversion transverse wave seismic amplitude of each updated conversion transverse wave pre-stack seismic gather, further determining the difference parameter of the actual conversion transverse wave seismic amplitude of the fitting conversion transverse wave seismic amplitude of each updated seismic channel, further updating the seismic channels by using the seismic channel rejection number and the difference parameter of the actual conversion transverse wave seismic amplitude of the fitting conversion transverse wave seismic amplitude of each updated seismic channel, namely repeatedly and iteratively executing the steps 203 to 205, and continuously updating the seismic channels participating in the fitting so as to continuously update the odd polynomial of the fitting conversion transverse wave seismic amplitude of each conversion transverse wave pre-stack seismic gather.
And (3) specifying the iteration times as an iteration stopping condition, namely continuously iterating and executing the steps 203 to 205 when the iteration times are not met, continuously updating the odd polynomial of the fitting conversion transverse wave seismic amplitude of each conversion transverse wave pre-stack seismic gather until the iteration times are met, stopping the iteration until the iteration times are met, and using the odd polynomial of the fitting conversion transverse wave seismic amplitude of the conversion transverse wave pre-stack seismic gather obtained by the last iteration as the final odd polynomial of the fitting conversion transverse wave seismic amplitude of each conversion transverse wave pre-stack seismic gather, so that the odd polynomial of the fitting conversion transverse wave seismic amplitude of each conversion transverse wave pre-stack seismic gather can be determined.
In one embodiment of the invention, the angle of incidence of the reflection point of each trace in each converted shear wave pre-stack trace set is determined by ray tracing. The ray tracing at least comprises a finite difference method, a travel time difference method, a shortest path method and a wavefront construction method.
In addition, the inventor finds that ray tracing has low efficiency although the incident angle of each reflection point of each seismic trace in each converted shear wave prestack seismic trace set can be accurately obtained.
In order to improve the efficiency of determining the incident angle of each reflection point of each seismic trace in each converted shear wave pre-stack seismic trace set, in an embodiment of the invention, the incident angle of each reflection point of each seismic trace in each converted shear wave pre-stack seismic trace set is determined according to the depth of a reflection layer and the horizontal distance from a shot point to the conversion point.
Specifically, the incident angle of each reflection point of each seismic trace in each converted shear wave pre-stack seismic trace set can be determined by the following formula:
wherein, theta represents the incidence angle of each seismic channel reflection point in each converted shear wave prestack seismic channel set, x represents the horizontal distance from a shot point to a conversion point, and h represents the depth of a reflection layer.
Fig. 3 shows another implementation flow of the method for enhancing the quality of transverse wave seismic data provided by the embodiment of the invention, and for convenience of description, only the parts related to the embodiment of the invention are shown, and the details are as follows:
in an embodiment of the present invention, as shown in fig. 3, the method for enhancing the quality of shear wave seismic data based on the above method steps further includes:
correspondingly, step 101, performing odd polynomial fitting on the converted transverse wave seismic amplitude of each converted transverse wave prestack seismic gather in the converted transverse wave seismic data by utilizing elimination fitting, and determining the odd polynomial of the fitted converted transverse wave seismic amplitude of each converted transverse wave prestack seismic gather, which comprises the following steps:
and 302, performing odd polynomial fitting on the converted transverse wave seismic amplitude of each converted transverse wave pre-stack seismic gather in the preprocessed converted transverse wave seismic data by utilizing elimination fitting, and determining an odd polynomial of the fitted converted transverse wave seismic amplitude of each converted transverse wave pre-stack seismic gather.
In an embodiment of the invention, the preprocessing includes one or more of loading an observation system, static correction, pre-stack denoising, amplitude recovery, dynamic correction, and pre-stack migration processing. The converted transverse wave seismic data are preprocessed, and the data quality of the converted transverse wave seismic data can be improved.
In the embodiment of the invention, the converted transverse wave seismic data are preprocessed, so that the data quality of the converted transverse wave seismic data can be improved.
An apparatus for enhancing the quality of shear wave seismic data is also provided in embodiments of the invention, as described in the examples below. Because the principle of solving the problems of the devices is similar to the method for enhancing the quality of the transverse wave seismic data, the implementation of the devices can be referred to the implementation of the method, and repeated details are not repeated.
Fig. 4 shows functional modules of the apparatus for enhancing the quality of transverse wave seismic data according to the embodiment of the present invention, and for convenience of description, only the parts related to the embodiment of the present invention are shown, and detailed description is as follows:
referring to fig. 4, each module included in the apparatus for enhancing the quality of transverse wave seismic data is used to execute each step in the embodiment corresponding to fig. 1, and specific reference is made to fig. 1 and the related description in the embodiment corresponding to fig. 1, which are not repeated herein. In the embodiment of the invention, the device for enhancing the quality of the transverse wave seismic data comprises an odd polynomial determining module 401, a near offset seismic amplitude determining module 402 and a mixed wave seismic amplitude determining module 403.
The odd polynomial determining module 401 is configured to perform odd polynomial fitting on the converted transverse wave seismic amplitude of each converted transverse wave prestack seismic gather in the converted transverse wave seismic data by means of elimination fitting, and determine an odd polynomial of the fitted converted transverse wave seismic amplitude of each converted transverse wave prestack seismic gather.
And a near offset seismic amplitude determination module 402, configured to determine the converted shear wave seismic amplitude of the near offset seismic trace in each converted shear wave pre-stack seismic trace set according to the odd polynomial of the fitting converted shear wave seismic amplitude of each converted shear wave pre-stack seismic trace set and the incident angle of the reflection point of the near offset seismic trace in each converted shear wave pre-stack seismic trace set.
The mixed wave seismic amplitude determining module 403 is configured to determine the converted transverse wave seismic amplitude of each converted transverse wave pre-stack seismic trace set after mixing according to the converted transverse wave seismic amplitude of the near offset seismic trace in each converted transverse wave pre-stack seismic trace set, the converted transverse wave seismic amplitude of each converted transverse wave pre-stack seismic trace set, and the mixed wave weight parameter.
In the embodiment of the invention, even polynomial fitting and wave mixing processing are carried out on the amplitude of the pre-stack seismic channel of each reflection point in the pre-stack seismic channel set according to vertical two-way travel. Different incidence angles of the same reflection point correspond to seismic channels with different shot-geophone distances in the pre-stack seismic channel set. The odd polynomial determining module 401 performs odd polynomial fitting on the converted transverse wave seismic amplitude of each converted transverse wave pre-stack seismic gather in the converted transverse wave seismic data by using elimination fitting, and determines an odd polynomial of the fitted converted transverse wave seismic amplitude of each converted transverse wave pre-stack seismic gather; the odd polynomial related to the reflection characteristics of the converted transverse wave seismic signals is adopted for gradual fitting, the signal-to-noise ratio of the obtained fitted converted transverse wave seismic amplitude is high, the converted transverse wave seismic amplitude of the near-offset seismic channel is determined according to the odd polynomial obtained through fitting, the near-offset seismic signals can be effectively enhanced, and the quality of the near-offset seismic data is effectively improved and enhanced.
Fig. 5 shows a structural schematic diagram of the odd-order polynomial determining module 401 in the apparatus for enhancing the quality of transverse wave seismic data according to the embodiment of the present invention, and for convenience of explanation, only the part related to the embodiment of the present invention is shown, and the details are as follows:
in an embodiment of the present invention, referring to fig. 5, each unit included in the odd polynomial determining module 401 is configured to execute each step in the embodiment corresponding to fig. 2, and please refer to fig. 2 and the related description in the embodiment corresponding to fig. 2 specifically, which is not described herein again. In the embodiment of the present invention, the odd polynomial determining module 401 includes an odd polynomial fitting unit 501, a difference degree parameter determining unit 502, a seismic trace updating unit 503, an odd polynomial updating unit 504, a difference degree parameter updating unit 505, and an odd polynomial determining unit 506.
And the odd polynomial fitting unit 501 is configured to perform odd polynomial fitting on the converted transverse wave seismic amplitude of each converted transverse wave pre-stack seismic channel set participating in fitting of the seismic channel by using least square fitting, so as to obtain an odd polynomial of the fitted converted transverse wave seismic amplitude of each converted transverse wave pre-stack seismic channel set.
A difference parameter determining unit 502, configured to determine, according to an odd polynomial of the fitting conversion transverse wave seismic amplitude of each conversion transverse wave pre-stack seismic gather, a difference parameter between the fitting conversion transverse wave seismic amplitude of each conversion transverse wave pre-stack seismic gather participating in the fitting seismic channel and an actual conversion transverse wave seismic amplitude of each conversion transverse wave pre-stack seismic gather participating in the fitting seismic channel; the difference degree parameter reflects the difference degree between the fitting converted transverse wave seismic amplitude of each converted transverse wave pre-stack seismic channel which is concentrated and participates in the fitting seismic channel and the actual converted transverse wave seismic amplitude.
And the seismic channel updating unit 503 is configured to remove seismic channels corresponding to the difference degree parameters according to the seismic channel removal number and the sequence from large to small, and determine seismic channels after the seismic channels before stacking are intensively updated for each converted transverse wave.
The odd polynomial updating unit 504 performs odd polynomial fitting again on the converted transverse wave seismic amplitude of the seismic channel updated in each converted transverse wave pre-stack seismic channel set by using least square fitting, so as to obtain an updated odd polynomial of the fitted converted transverse wave seismic amplitude of each converted transverse wave pre-stack seismic channel set.
The difference degree parameter updating unit 505 determines a difference degree parameter between the fitting converted transverse wave seismic amplitude of the seismic trace after updating in each converted transverse wave pre-stack seismic trace set and the actual converted transverse wave seismic amplitude of the seismic trace after updating in each converted transverse wave pre-stack seismic trace set according to the odd polynomial of the fitting converted transverse wave seismic amplitude of each converted transverse wave pre-stack seismic trace set after updating.
The odd polynomial determining unit 506 uses the odd polynomial obtained in the last iteration process as the odd polynomial of the fitting converted shear wave seismic amplitude of each converted shear wave prestack seismic gather.
In the embodiment of the present invention, the seismic trace updating unit 503 continuously updates the fitting seismic traces, and further the odd polynomial updating unit 504 continuously updates the odd polynomial of the fitting converted shear wave seismic amplitude of each converted shear wave pre-stack seismic trace set until the iteration termination condition is satisfied. The odd polynomial of the fitting converted transverse wave seismic amplitude of each converted transverse wave prestack seismic gather obtained by iteration of the final odd polynomial determining unit 506 can accurately reflect the converted transverse wave seismic amplitude of each converted transverse wave prestack seismic gather.
Fig. 6 shows another functional block of the apparatus for enhancing the quality of transverse wave seismic data according to the embodiment of the present invention, and for convenience of description, only the portion related to the embodiment of the present invention is shown, and the detailed description is as follows:
in an embodiment of the present invention, referring to fig. 6, each unit included in the apparatus for enhancing the quality of transverse wave seismic data is configured to perform each step in the embodiment corresponding to fig. 3, and please refer to fig. 3 and the description related to the embodiment corresponding to fig. 3 specifically, which is not described herein again. In the embodiment of the invention, on the basis of the module structure, the device for enhancing the quality of the transverse wave seismic data further comprises a preprocessing module 601.
The preprocessing module 601 is configured to preprocess the converted transverse wave seismic data to obtain preprocessed converted transverse wave seismic data.
Correspondingly, the odd polynomial determining module 401 is further configured to perform odd polynomial fitting on the converted transverse wave seismic amplitude of each converted transverse wave prestack seismic gather in the preprocessed converted transverse wave seismic data by means of elimination fitting, and determine an odd polynomial of the fitted converted transverse wave seismic amplitude of each converted transverse wave prestack seismic gather.
In the embodiment of the invention, the preprocessing module 601 preprocesses the converted transverse wave seismic data, so that the data quality of the converted transverse wave seismic data can be improved.
Fig. 7 shows a schematic diagram of converted transverse wave seismic data provided by an embodiment of the present invention without applying the method for enhancing the quality of transverse wave seismic data of the present invention, and fig. 8 shows a schematic diagram of converted transverse wave seismic data provided by an embodiment of the present invention applying the method for enhancing the quality of transverse wave seismic data of the present invention, and only the portions related to the embodiment of the present invention are shown for convenience of description, and the following details are described:
referring to fig. 7 and 8, it can be seen from fig. 7 that the amplitude of the near offset seismic data in the converted shear seismic data to which the method for enhancing the quality of the shear seismic data of the present invention is not applied is small, and the signal-to-noise ratio is low, and it can be seen from fig. 8 that the amplitude of the near offset seismic channel data in the converted shear seismic data to which the method for enhancing the quality of the shear seismic data of the present invention is applied is large, and the signal-to-noise ratio is high. Therefore, the method for enhancing the quality of the transverse wave seismic data can effectively enhance the amplitude of the near offset seismic data in the transverse wave seismic data and improve the quality of the near offset seismic data in the converted transverse wave seismic data.
The embodiment of the invention also provides computer equipment which comprises a memory, a processor and a computer program which is stored on the memory and can run on the processor, wherein the processor executes the computer program to realize the method for enhancing the quality of the transverse wave seismic data.
Embodiments of the present invention also provide a computer-readable storage medium storing a computer program for executing the method for enhancing the quality of shear wave seismic data.
In summary, in the embodiment of the present invention, odd polynomial fitting is performed on the converted transverse wave seismic amplitude of each converted transverse wave prestack seismic gather in the converted transverse wave seismic data by means of elimination fitting, and an odd polynomial of the fitted converted transverse wave seismic amplitude of each converted transverse wave prestack seismic gather is determined; the odd polynomial related to the reflection characteristics of the converted transverse wave seismic signals is adopted for gradual fitting, the signal-to-noise ratio of the obtained fitted converted transverse wave seismic amplitude is high, the converted transverse wave seismic amplitude of the near-offset seismic channel is determined according to the odd polynomial obtained through fitting, the near-offset seismic signals can be effectively enhanced, and the quality of the near-offset seismic data is effectively improved and enhanced.
As will be appreciated by one skilled in the art, embodiments of the present invention may be provided as a method, system, or computer program product. Accordingly, the present invention may take the form of an entirely hardware embodiment, an entirely software embodiment or an embodiment combining software and hardware aspects. Furthermore, the present invention may take the form of a computer program product embodied on one or more computer-usable storage media (including, but not limited to, disk storage, CD-ROM, optical storage, and the like) having computer-usable program code embodied therein.
The present invention is described with reference to flowchart illustrations and/or block diagrams of methods, apparatus (systems), and computer program products according to embodiments of the invention. It will be understood that each flow and/or block of the flow diagrams and/or block diagrams, and combinations of flows and/or blocks in the flow diagrams and/or block diagrams, can be implemented by computer program instructions. These computer program instructions may be provided to a processor of a general purpose computer, special purpose computer, embedded processor, or other programmable data processing apparatus to produce a machine, such that the instructions, which execute via the processor of the computer or other programmable data processing apparatus, create means for implementing the functions specified in the flowchart flow or flows and/or block diagram block or blocks.
These computer program instructions may also be stored in a computer-readable memory that can direct a computer or other programmable data processing apparatus to function in a particular manner, such that the instructions stored in the computer-readable memory produce an article of manufacture including instruction means which implement the function specified in the flowchart flow or flows and/or block diagram block or blocks.
These computer program instructions may also be loaded onto a computer or other programmable data processing apparatus to cause a series of operational steps to be performed on the computer or other programmable apparatus to produce a computer implemented process such that the instructions which execute on the computer or other programmable apparatus provide steps for implementing the functions specified in the flowchart flow or flows and/or block diagram block or blocks.
The above-mentioned embodiments are intended to illustrate the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention in further detail, and it should be understood that the above-mentioned embodiments are only exemplary embodiments of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention, and any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements and the like made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A method of enhancing shear wave seismic data quality, comprising:
performing odd polynomial fitting on the converted transverse wave seismic amplitude of each converted transverse wave pre-stack seismic gather in the converted transverse wave seismic data by utilizing elimination fitting, and determining an odd polynomial of the fitted converted transverse wave seismic amplitude of each converted transverse wave pre-stack seismic gather;
determining the converted transverse wave seismic amplitude of the near offset seismic channel in each converted transverse wave pre-stack seismic channel set according to the odd polynomial of the fitting converted transverse wave seismic amplitude of each converted transverse wave pre-stack seismic channel set and the incidence angle of the reflection point of the near offset seismic channel in each converted transverse wave pre-stack seismic channel set;
and determining the converted transverse wave seismic amplitude of each converted transverse wave pre-stack seismic channel set after mixing according to the converted transverse wave seismic amplitude of the near-offset seismic channel in each converted transverse wave pre-stack seismic channel set, the converted transverse wave seismic amplitude of each converted transverse wave pre-stack seismic channel set and the mixing weight parameters.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein determining an odd polynomial for the fitted converted shear wave seismic amplitude for each converted shear wave prestack seismic gather using a culling fit to fit the converted shear wave seismic amplitude for each converted shear wave prestack seismic gather in the converted shear wave seismic data comprises:
respectively carrying out odd polynomial fitting on the converted transverse wave seismic amplitude of each converted transverse wave pre-stack seismic channel set participating in fitting seismic channels by utilizing least square fitting to obtain an odd polynomial of the fitted converted transverse wave seismic amplitude of each converted transverse wave pre-stack seismic channel set;
determining a difference degree parameter between the fitting conversion transverse wave seismic amplitude of each conversion transverse wave pre-stack seismic channel set participating in the fitting seismic channel and the actual conversion transverse wave seismic amplitude of each conversion transverse wave pre-stack seismic channel set participating in the fitting seismic channel according to an odd polynomial of the fitting conversion transverse wave seismic amplitude of each conversion transverse wave pre-stack seismic channel set; the difference degree parameter reflects the difference degree between the fitting converted transverse wave seismic amplitude of each converted transverse wave pre-stack seismic channel which is intensively involved in the fitting seismic channel and the actual converted transverse wave seismic amplitude;
according to the seismic channel rejection number, the seismic channels corresponding to the difference degree parameters are rejected according to the sequence from big to small, and the seismic channel after the seismic channel before the stack of each converted transverse wave is intensively updated is determined;
respectively carrying out odd polynomial fitting on the converted transverse wave seismic amplitude of the seismic channel updated in each converted transverse wave pre-stack seismic channel set by using least square fitting to obtain an odd polynomial of the updated fitted converted transverse wave seismic amplitude of each converted transverse wave pre-stack seismic channel set;
determining a difference degree parameter between the fitting converted transverse wave seismic amplitude of each converted transverse wave pre-stack seismic channel set updated and the actual converted transverse wave seismic amplitude of each converted transverse wave pre-stack seismic channel set updated according to the odd polynomial of the fitting converted transverse wave seismic amplitude of each converted transverse wave pre-stack seismic channel set updated;
when the iteration times are not satisfied, repeating the iteration elimination updating process; and when the iteration times are met, taking the odd polynomial obtained in the last iteration process as the odd polynomial of the fitting conversion transverse wave seismic amplitude of each conversion transverse wave pre-stack seismic gather.
3. The method of claim 2, wherein the participation of each set of converted shear wave pre-stack seismic traces in fitting the seismic traces comprises each seismic trace in each set of converted shear wave pre-stack seismic traces.
4. The method of claim 2, wherein the participation of each converted shear wave prestack gather in fitting seismic traces comprises:
and each seismic channel with the incidence angle of the seismic channel reflection point in the converted transverse wave pre-stack seismic channel set within the range of the preset incidence angle interval.
5. The method of claim 2, wherein the seismic trace rejection number is determined by the number of seismic traces participating in the fitting and the rejection error ratio during each iterative rejection update.
6. The method of claim 1, wherein the angle of incidence of each trace reflection point in each converted shear wave prestack set is determined based on depth of reflection and horizontal distance of shot to conversion point.
7. The method of claim 1, further comprising:
preprocessing the converted transverse wave seismic data to obtain preprocessed converted transverse wave seismic data;
correspondingly, odd polynomial fitting is carried out on the conversion transverse wave seismic amplitude of each conversion transverse wave prestack seismic channel set in the conversion transverse wave seismic data by utilizing rejection fitting, and the odd polynomial of the fitting conversion transverse wave seismic amplitude of each conversion transverse wave prestack seismic channel set is determined, and the method comprises the following steps:
and performing odd polynomial fitting on the converted transverse wave seismic amplitude of each converted transverse wave prestack seismic channel set in the preprocessed converted transverse wave seismic data by utilizing elimination fitting, and determining an odd polynomial of the fitted converted transverse wave seismic amplitude of each converted transverse wave prestack seismic channel set.
8. An apparatus for enhancing shear wave seismic data quality, comprising:
the odd polynomial determining module is used for performing odd polynomial fitting on the converted transverse wave seismic amplitude of each converted transverse wave pre-stack seismic gather in the converted transverse wave seismic data by means of elimination fitting, and determining an odd polynomial of the fitted converted transverse wave seismic amplitude of each converted transverse wave pre-stack seismic gather;
the near offset seismic amplitude determination module is used for determining the converted transverse wave seismic amplitude of the near offset seismic channel in each converted transverse wave pre-stack seismic channel set according to the odd polynomial of the fitting converted transverse wave seismic amplitude of each converted transverse wave pre-stack seismic channel set and the incidence angle of the reflection point of the near offset seismic channel in each converted transverse wave pre-stack seismic channel set;
and the mixed wave seismic amplitude determining module is used for determining the converted transverse wave seismic amplitude of each converted transverse wave pre-stack seismic channel set after mixing according to the converted transverse wave seismic amplitude of the near-offset seismic channel in each converted transverse wave pre-stack seismic channel set, the converted transverse wave seismic amplitude of each converted transverse wave pre-stack seismic channel set and the mixed wave weight parameter.
9. A computer device comprising a memory, a processor and a computer program stored on the memory and executable on the processor, wherein the processor implements the method of any one of claims 1 to 7 when executing the computer program.
10. A computer-readable storage medium, characterized in that the computer-readable storage medium stores a computer program for executing the method of any one of claims 1 to 7.
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