CN112226599B - Heat treatment process method for DT1900 steel penetration type deep drilling warhead shell - Google Patents

Heat treatment process method for DT1900 steel penetration type deep drilling warhead shell Download PDF

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CN112226599B
CN112226599B CN202010958077.5A CN202010958077A CN112226599B CN 112226599 B CN112226599 B CN 112226599B CN 202010958077 A CN202010958077 A CN 202010958077A CN 112226599 B CN112226599 B CN 112226599B
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shell
furnace
heat treatment
keeping
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CN112226599A (en
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杨有才
柯美武
杨成
孙志刚
褚小菲
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Henan North Hongyang Electromechanical Co ltd
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D9/00—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor
    • C21D9/0068—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor for particular articles not mentioned below
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D1/00—General methods or devices for heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering
    • C21D1/18—Hardening; Quenching with or without subsequent tempering
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D1/00—General methods or devices for heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering
    • C21D1/26—Methods of annealing
    • C21D1/28—Normalising
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D6/00—Heat treatment of ferrous alloys
    • C21D6/04—Hardening by cooling below 0 degrees Celsius

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  • Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
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  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Heat Treatment Of Articles (AREA)
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Abstract

The invention provides a heat treatment process method for a DT1900 steel penetration type deep drilling warhead shell, which adopts shell normalizing, quenching, deep cooling and tempering treatment, compared with the original process system, the grain of the shell after heat treatment can be refined by increasing normalizing, and the strength and the toughness are improved; the temperature of the cryogenic treatment is reduced, so that more residual austenite is converted into martensite after the shell is quenched and cooled, and the strength is improved; the tempering temperature is increased, so that the strength and the toughness of the shell after heat treatment can be well matched, the problem of unqualified strength or impact toughness in the original process is solved, and the qualification rate of the heat treatment mechanical property of the DT1900 steel penetration deep-drilling warhead shell reaches 100%.

Description

Heat treatment process method for DT1900 steel penetration type deep drilling warhead shell
Technical Field
The invention relates to material heat treatment, in particular to a heat treatment process method for a DT1900 steel penetration type deep drilling warhead shell.
Background
The penetration type warhead is mainly used for hitting military targets such as buildings, airport runways and reinforced concrete underground, and the warhead is subjected to high impact overload in the action process, so that a shell of the warhead is required to have high tensile strength and yield strength and high impact toughness. At present, the casings of the national penetration warhead are mostly made of ultra-high strength steel such as G50, DT300 and the like. With the improvement of the battle field technical indexes, the tensile strength, the yield strength and the impact toughness of G50 and DT300 steel after heat treatment can not meet the performance requirements of deep drilling battle fields. DT1900 steel is a new super-strength steel newly developed in China, and compared with G50 and DT300 steel, the average total content of alloy elements is increased from 8.70-9.40% to 28.65%. With the increase of the average content of main alloy elements (the contents of nickel and chromium are respectively increased from 4.30-6.00 percent and 1.15 percent to 10.50-12.00 percent and 3.0 percent) and the addition of cobalt elements (12.0-14.0 percent), the martensite transformation end point (Mf) is reduced, and the difficulty of the heat treatment process of the DT1900 steel is relatively higher than that of the DT 50 steel and the DT300 steel.
The heat treatment system of the DT1900 steel sample is as follows:
quenching: keeping the temperature at 885 +/-5 ℃ for 60 minutes, and performing oil quenching;
cold treatment, namely keeping the temperature at minus 73 +/-5 ℃ for 60 minutes and cooling in air;
tempering: keeping the temperature for 3-8 h at 460 +/-5 ℃, and cooling in air.
The longitudinal mechanical property of the sample after heat treatment is required: rm≥1930MPa、Rp0.2≥1620MPa、A≥10％，Z≥50％、aku2≥80J/cm2。
The performance requirement of the heat treatment of the shell specified by the product diagram of the penetration type deep drilling warhead reaches Rm≥1930MPa、Rp0.2≥1700MPa、aku2≥90J/cm2. Due to the performance index (R) of the warhead housingp0.2、aku2) Compared with the index of mechanical properties of materials, the strength (R) often appears after the heat treatment of the shell in the actual productionm、Rp0.2) Acceptable and impact toughness (a)ku2) Fail or impact toughness (a)ku2) Qualified and strength (R)m、Rp0.2) And (4) a case of failure.
Disclosure of Invention
The technical problem to be solved by the invention is to ensure the strength (R) of the shell after heat treatmentm、Rp0.2) And impact toughness (a)ku2) The DT1900 steel penetration type deep-drilling warhead shell heat treatment process method with high qualification rate of mechanical property indexes after heat treatment is provided through researches on mechanical property, grain size, metallographic structure and the like of the DT1900 steel deep-drilling warhead shell along with furnace sample engineering stages, and has good matching and can meet the performance indexes specified by a deep-drilling warhead shell product diagram.
In order to solve the technical problems, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows: a DT1900 steel penetration type deep drilling warhead shell heat treatment process method comprises the following process steps:
normalizing: putting the shell into a furnace at a temperature of 897 +/-5 ℃, keeping the temperature for 120-130 minutes, and taking the shell out of the furnace and air-cooling the shell after the temperature is kept;
quenching: entering the furnace at the temperature of 885 +/-5 ℃, keeping the temperature for 150-165 minutes, taking the steel plate out of the furnace after the temperature is kept, carrying out oil cooling, wherein the quenching transfer time is less than or equal to 45 seconds, and carrying out rapid quenching oil cooling for 50-60 minutes;
cryogenic treatment: carrying out cold treatment at-79 +/-2 ℃, keeping the temperature for 7-8 hours, and carrying out air cooling after cryogenic treatment;
tempering: and (4) entering the furnace at the temperature of 465 +/-5 ℃, keeping the temperature for 7-8 hours, and discharging from the furnace for air cooling after the keeping temperature is reached.
The heating furnace in the normalizing and quenching steps is a deep well type quenching resistance furnace, and the heating furnace in the tempering step is a deep well type tempering resistance furnace.
The invention adopts the technical scheme to design a heat treatment process method for the DT1900 steel penetration type deep drilling warhead shell, the process method adopts shell normalizing, quenching, deep cooling and tempering, compared with the original process system, the increase of normalizing can refine the crystal grains of the shell after heat treatment, and the strength and the toughness are improved; the temperature of the cryogenic treatment is reduced, so that more residual austenite is converted into martensite after the shell is quenched and cooled, and the strength is improved; the tempering temperature is increased, so that the strength and the toughness of the shell after heat treatment can be well matched. By the process method, the qualified rate of the mechanical properties of the DT1900 steel penetration type deep drilling warhead shell heat treatment reaches 100%.
Drawings
FIG. 1 shows a process diagram of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view showing a heat treatment process of the housing in example 1 of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view showing a heat treatment process of the housing in example 2 of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The following describes a heat treatment process of a DT1900 steel penetration type deep drilling warhead shell in detail with reference to the attached drawings.
Referring to fig. 1, the invention relates to a DT1900 steel penetration type deep drilling warhead shell heat treatment process method, which comprises the following process steps:
normalizing: putting the shell into a furnace at a temperature of 897 +/-5 ℃, keeping the temperature for 120-130 minutes, and taking the shell out of the furnace after the temperature is kept for the time, and carrying out air cooling on the shell by using a fan;
quenching: when the shell is heated to a temperature of 885 +/-5 ℃, keeping the temperature for 150-165 minutes, discharging the shell from the furnace for oil cooling after the keeping time is up, wherein the quenching transfer time is less than or equal to 45 seconds, and the quick quenching oil ISORAPID 277HM initial oil temperature is 22-28 ℃ for oil cooling for 50-60 minutes;
cryogenic treatment: the shell is put into a mixture of dry ice and absolute alcohol (the purity is more than or equal to 99.3 percent), the cold treatment temperature is minus 79 ℃ plus or minus 2 ℃, the heat preservation time is 7-8 hours, and air cooling is carried out after the deep cooling treatment;
tempering: and (3) putting the shell into the furnace at a warm temperature (the surface of the shell cannot be frozen before entering the tempering furnace), heating at 465 +/-5 ℃, keeping the temperature for 7-8 hours, and discharging the shell out of the furnace for air cooling after the temperature is kept.
Referring to fig. 2, the embodiment 1 of the heat treatment process method of the DT1900 steel penetration type deep drilling warhead shell of the invention comprises the following process steps:
normalizing: the shell is put into the furnace when the temperature is reached, the heating temperature is 897 +/-5 ℃, the heat preservation time is 130 minutes, and the shell is taken out of the furnace after the heat preservation time is reached and is subjected to air cooling by a fan;
quenching: when the shell is heated to the temperature of 885 +/-5 ℃, keeping the temperature for 165 minutes, discharging the shell from the furnace after the keeping time is up, cooling the oil, wherein the quenching transfer time is 45 seconds, and the quick quenching oil ISORAPID 277HM initial oil temperature is 22 ℃ for 60 minutes;
cryogenic treatment: putting the shell into a mixture of dry ice and absolute alcohol (the purity is more than or equal to 99.3 percent), carrying out cold treatment at-79 +/-2 ℃, keeping the temperature for 8 hours, and carrying out air cooling after cryogenic treatment;
tempering: and (3) putting the shell into the furnace at a warm temperature (the surface of the shell before entering the tempering furnace cannot be frozen), heating at 465 +/-5 ℃, keeping the temperature for 8 hours, and discharging the shell out of the furnace for air cooling after the temperature is kept.
Referring to fig. 3, an embodiment 2 of the heat treatment process method of the DT1900 steel penetration type deep drilling warhead shell of the invention comprises the following process steps:
normalizing: the shell is put into the furnace when the temperature is reached, the heating temperature is 897 +/-5 ℃, the heat preservation time is 120 minutes, and the shell is taken out of the furnace after the heat preservation time is reached and is subjected to air cooling by a fan;
quenching: when the shell is heated to a temperature of 885 +/-5 ℃, keeping the temperature for 150 minutes, discharging the shell from the furnace after the temperature is kept, cooling the shell by oil, wherein the quenching transfer time is 41 seconds, and the quick quenching oil ISORAPID 277HM initial oil temperature is 28 ℃ for 50 minutes;
cryogenic treatment: putting the shell into a mixture of dry ice and absolute alcohol (the purity is more than or equal to 99.3 percent), carrying out cold treatment at-79 +/-2 ℃, keeping the temperature for 7 hours, and carrying out air cooling after cryogenic treatment;
tempering: and (3) putting the shell into the furnace at a warm temperature (the surface of the shell can not be frozen before entering the tempering furnace), heating at 465 +/-5 ℃, keeping the temperature for 7 hours, and discharging the shell out of the furnace for air cooling after the temperature is kept.
The heating furnace in the normalizing and quenching steps is a deep well type quenching resistance furnace, and the heating furnace in the tempering step is a deep well type tempering resistance furnace.
The mechanical property data table of the DT1900 steel penetration deep drilling warhead shell thermally treated by the process method of the invention is as follows:
Figure BDA0002678329940000061
since the shell is relatively long, the tensile strength R in the three treatment methods of the standard heat treatment, example 1 and example 2 in the tablemYield strength Rp0.2Impact toughness aku2The three groups of data respectively correspond to the heat treatment performance values of the head part, the middle part and the tail part of the shell.
Compared with the original process system, the method has the advantages that the grain refinement and the strength and the toughness of the shell after the heat treatment can be realized by adding the normalizing treatment, the shell strength is improved by reducing the temperature of the subzero treatment, and the strength and the toughness of the shell after the heat treatment can be well matched by increasing the tempering temperature.

Claims (2)

1. A DT1900 steel penetration type deep drilling warhead shell heat treatment process method is characterized by comprising the following process steps:
normalizing: putting the shell into a furnace at a temperature of 897 +/-5 ℃, keeping the temperature for 120-130 minutes, and taking the shell out of the furnace and air-cooling the shell after the temperature is kept;
quenching: when the temperature is reached, heating to 885 +/-5 ℃, keeping the temperature for 150-165 minutes, discharging the furnace for oil cooling after the temperature keeping time is reached, wherein the quenching transfer time is less than or equal to 45 seconds, the initial oil temperature of quick quenching oil ISORAPID 277HM is 22-28 ℃, and the quick quenching oil cooling time is 50-60 minutes;
cryogenic treatment: carrying out cold treatment at-79 +/-2 ℃, keeping the temperature for 7-8 hours, and carrying out air cooling after cryogenic treatment;
tempering: and (4) entering the furnace at the temperature of 465 +/-5 ℃, keeping the temperature for 7-8 hours, and discharging from the furnace for air cooling after the keeping temperature is reached.
2. The process of claim 1, wherein the heating furnace in the normalizing and quenching step is a deep well type quenching electric resistance furnace, and the heating furnace in the tempering step is a deep well type tempering electric resistance furnace.
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JPH11264050A (en) * 1998-03-18 1999-09-28 Nippon Steel Corp High strength steel excellent in high speed impact penetration resistance and its production
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